2024-2025學年高中英語Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldSectionⅢGrammar學案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorld情態(tài)動詞＋havedone的用法語境自主領(lǐng)悟先視察原句后自主感悟①ManypeoplethinkthemonstermaybeadistantcousinoftheLochNessmonsterinScotland.②Theyalsothinkthattheremightbesimilarcreaturesinotherlakesaroundtheworld.③ButinChina，theideaofthedragonmayhavecomefromthealligator.④Youmighthavegivenyourparentsmorehelpearlier.⑤Itmusthaverainedlastnight，fortheroadwasquitemuddy.⑥Hecan'thaveforgottenit，forhetalkedaboutityesterday.⑦Yououghtto/shouldhavedonethejobmorecarefully.⑧Yououghtn'tto/shouldn'thaveaskedsuchafoolishquestion.1.①②句表示可能性的推想，意為“可能，或許”。2.③④句表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的推想，意為“可能已經(jīng)”。3.⑤句表示對過去事情的很有把握的確定推想，意為“確定做過某事”，而⑥句則表示對過去發(fā)生事情的有把握的否定推想，意為“不行能做過某事”。4.⑦句表示“過去本應當做卻未做的事”，⑧句則表示“過去本不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了的事”。1．may/mighthavedonesth.表示對過去行為的推想，意為“或許/或許已經(jīng)做過某事”，might可能性更小，主要用于確定句和否定句中。Johnisn'tathome.Ithinkhemay/mighthavegonetoschool.約翰不在家，我想他可能去上學了吧。Youmighthavereadaboutitinthenewspapers.你可能已經(jīng)在報紙上看到這個消息了。[名師點津]mighthavedone有時表示“原來可以做的事而事實上沒有做”，含有“勸說，責怪”的語氣。Youmighthavebeenmorecareful.你原來可以多加當心的。2．musthavedonesth.表示對過去發(fā)生的事或行為的確定推想，意為“確定做過某事”，只用于確定句中。Hereasonedthatsinceshehadnotansweredhislettershemusthavelefthere.他推斷，由于她沒有給他回信，她確定是已經(jīng)離開這里了。[名師點津]含有musthavedone結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句中，若有表示過去的時間狀語，反意疑問部分用“didn't＋主語？”；若沒有表示過去的時間狀語，反意疑問部分則用“haven't/hasn't＋主語？”。Theymusthavegonetherelastnight，didn'tthey?他們昨晚確定是去那里了，不是嗎？TheymusthavebeentotheGreatWall，haven'tthey？他們確定去過長城，不是嗎？3．can/couldhavedonesth.是對過去的推想，表示“可能做過某事”，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。could語氣較委婉，確定句中一般用could不用can。Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing，forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不行能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他?！猈herecantheyhavegone?—Theycouldhavegonetothecinema.——他們能去哪里呢？——他們可能去電影院了。[名師點津]couldhavedonesth.還可表示過去本可以完成而事實上未完成的動作。Youcouldhavedonebetter，butyouweretoocareless.你原來可以做得更好，但你太馬虎了。[即時訓練1]用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空①Georgecan'thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.②—WeareveryworriedaboutTom.Whyhasn'thecomeback?—Don'tworry.Hemay/mighthavebeencaughtinatrafficjam.③—Howdidyoudointhetest?—Notsowell.IcouldhavedonemuchbetterbutImisreadthedirections.④Thestreetsarewet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.4．oughtto/shouldhavedone表示過去原來應當做某事(而事實上并沒有做)，意為“理應做……，原來應當做……”，常表示缺憾；oughtnotto/shouldn'thavedone表示“過去原來不應當做某事(而事實上做了)”，含有指責對方或自責的意味。Theflowershavedied.Ishouldhavewateredthemoften.這些花兒都死了。我原來應當常給它們澆水的。(其實沒澆水，表示缺憾)Yououghtnottohavetoldthemthetruth.你本不應當告知他們真相的。(其實你告知他們了，含有責怪的意味)5．needn'thavedonesth.表示“原來不必做某事(事實上已經(jīng)做了)”；needhavedonesth.表示“原來須要做某事(事實上未做)”Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我原來沒有必要買這么多酒——只來了五個人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase，hewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他原來須要快點去車站。那樣的話，他就不會耽擱了火車。6．wouldhavedonesth.表示“原本想做某事”；也可以用于虛擬語氣中，表示與過去事實相反。Iwouldhavegivenyouthebookyesterday，butIdidn'tcoveritcompletely.我原本想昨天給你那本書的，可是我沒能全部讀完。Itwouldneverhavehappenedwithoutyourhelp.要不是你的幫助，這絕不會發(fā)生。[即時訓練2]用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空①Ineedn'thaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool，formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.②—Sorry，Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh，it'stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.③Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation，ortheywouldhavecometoourhelp.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hecould/mighthavepassedtheexam，buthewastoocareless.2．Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.3．Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8：30a．m.forthemeeting，buthedidn'tshowup.4．Youneedn'thavewokenmeup;Idon'thavetogotoworktoday.5．Nobodyansweredthedoorbell;hemusthavegoneout.6．Hemighthavesaidsoatthemeeting,butI'mnotsure.7．Youshouldn'thaveblamedtheboyjustnow;afterall，heisonlyachild.8．Hemusthaveknown(know)whatshewanted.9．Icouldhavearrivedhereontime，butmycarbrokedownontheway.10．Heneedn'thavewatered(water)theflowers,butheneededtodosomethingtokilltime.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Hewasnotintheoffice.Ithoughthemaygonehome. may后加have2．—Moststudentsinmyclassfailedinthemathtest.—Itmustn'thavebeeneasy. mustn't→couldn't3．Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youcouldn'thavelefthomewithoutaword. couldn't→shouldn't4．Thedrivermusthavedrunkalotbeforetheaccident，butIamnotquitesureofthat. must→might5．Youshouldcometothemeeting.Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence? should后加have6．Ishouldn'thaveenjoyedmyselfmore—itwasaperfectday. shouldn't→couldn't7．Youcoul