Unit1Lifechoices（核心單詞詞形轉換詞匯精講熟詞新意寫作遷移）原卷版

高三英語一輪復習名校培優(yōu)筑基方案(北師大2019)Unit1LifeChoices（核心單詞+詞形轉換+詞匯精講+熟詞新意+寫作遷移）一、重點單詞分類——夯基礎(一)核心單詞[第一組]1._________adj. 以前的，先前的2._________n. 校園3._________n. 日程表，計劃表4._________n. 一段時期；章節(jié)5._________adj. 有利的，好的prep. 加6._________vi. (問題或困難)出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生7._________n. 生活方式8._________vi.&n. 閑談，聊天9._________vi.&vt. 沖浪10._________adj. 數(shù)字的，數(shù)碼的11._________n. 一系列；范圍12._________n. 質量，品質13._________n. 新聞媒體，大眾傳播媒介(總稱)14._________adv. 實際上，事實上15._________vt. 拖，拉16._________n. 目標，目的17._________n. 目的，意圖vi. 力求達到[第二組]18._________adv. 與此同時19._________vt. 更新20._________adv. 在前面；向前21._________adv. 向/在城鎮(zhèn)商業(yè)中心區(qū)22._________n. 專家，行家23._________n. 職位；位置24._________vi. 運轉，工作n. 功能25._________vt. 尋求；請求26._________vt. 以……為特色，是……的特征27._________n. 省28._________vi.&vt. 閃現(xiàn)，閃過n. 照相機閃光燈29._________n. 笑；笑聲30._________adv. 除……之外31._________n. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡vt. (寫信，打)聯(lián)系(某人)32._________n. 慈善機構，慈善團體33._________adv. 向前；進展34._________adj. 農村的，鄉(xiāng)村的，田園的(二)拓展單詞[第一組]1.differvi.不同，不一樣，有區(qū)別→_________adj.不同的；相異的→_________n．不同；區(qū)別→_________adv.不同地；相異地2.expectvt.預料，預期，預計；期待；猜想，認為→_________n．期待；預料，預期→_________adj.預料的，預期的3.confidencen．自信，信心；信賴→_________adj.有信心的，自信的→_________adv.確信地，肯定地；自信地4.petencen．能力，勝任→_________adj.足以勝任的，有能力的5.pressvt.按，壓，施加壓力；催促→_________n．壓力6.recovervi.恢復健康，康復→_________n．恢復；復蘇；痊愈7.injurevt.傷害，使受傷；損害→_________n．傷，損害→_________adj.受傷的；有傷的8．fortunen．運氣，命運；財富，財產→_________adv.不幸地；令人遺憾地→_________adv.幸運地→_________adj.幸運的；吉祥的→_________adj.不幸的→_________n．厄運；不幸9．challengen．挑戰(zhàn)；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→_________adj.富有挑戰(zhàn)性的10．definitelyadv.確切地，肯定地→_________adj.無疑的；確定的11．varyvi.變化→_________adj.各種各樣的；多種(類型)的→_________n．種類；多樣性→_________n．差異，變化12．necessaryadj.必需的，必要的；必然的，無法避免的→_________n．必需品→_________adv.必然地，不可避免地13．convenientadj.方便的，便利的→_________n．方便，便利→_________adv.方便地，便利地14．addictn．對……著迷的人→_________adj.上癮的；沉迷于某種嗜好的→_________adj.使人上癮的→_________n．癮，入迷，嗜好15．distancen.距離，間距→_________adj.遙遠的；遠親的；冷淡的，疏遠的16．volunteervi.&vt.自愿；志愿；n.志愿者→_________adj.志愿的；服務的；自愿的17．revisevi.&vt.復習→_________n．修訂；復習18．stressn．壓力；憂慮；緊張→_________adj.充滿壓力的，緊張的→_________adj.焦慮的，緊張的19．suffervi.&vt.遭受(痛苦)→_________n．受苦者，受難者；患者→_________n．痛苦，苦難20．reducevt.減少；降低；縮小→_________n．減少21．frankadj.坦率的，坦誠的→_________adv.坦率地；直率地22．removevt.移走；去掉→_________n．移動；調動；去除；免職[第二組]23.tenseadj.緊張的，擔心的→_________n．緊張；焦慮24．organisevt.組織，籌劃→_________n．組織，團體，機構→_________adj.有組織的，系統(tǒng)的，有條理的→_________n．(活動等的)組織者25．professionn．(需要高等教育和訓練的)專業(yè)，行業(yè)→_________adj.專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的→_________adv.嫻熟地，老練地；內行地26．typicaladj.平常的，一貫的；典型的→_________adv.一般；典型地，具有代表性地；不出所料27．graduatevi.畢業(yè)→_________n．畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮28．inspirevt.鼓勵，激勵→_________adj.鼓舞人心的，啟發(fā)靈感的→_________n．鼓舞；啟示；靈感29．applyvi.申請；請求→_________n．申請人→_________n．請求，申請；申請表；應用30．eageradj.熱切的；渴望的→_________n．熱切，渴望→_________adv.渴望地；熱切地31．independentadj.獨立的；自主的→_________adv.獨立地，自立地→_________n．獨立，自主，自立32．powern．電，電力；力量→_________adj.強有力的，有影響(感染)力的33．stableadj.穩(wěn)固的，穩(wěn)定的；沉穩(wěn)的→_________adj.不穩(wěn)定的→_________n．穩(wěn)定(性)，穩(wěn)固34．dustn．塵土，灰塵→_________adj.布滿灰塵的35．mudn．泥；淤泥；泥漿→_________adj.泥濘的，多泥的36．responsibleadj.負責的；有責任心的→_________n．責任，職責，任務37．attractv．吸引，引起……的興趣→_________adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美觀的→_________n．吸引；吸引人的事物；吸引力38．contributevt.&vi.貢獻，捐獻；是……的原因之一，增進；撰稿→_________n．貢獻→_________n．貢獻者；捐助者；撰稿人，投稿者39．intendvt.計劃，打算，想要→_________n．意圖，目的→_________adj.故意的，有意的，存心的40．formaladj.正式的，官方的→_________adv.正式地；正規(guī)地→_________adj.非正式的41．adaptvi.(使)適應→_________n．改編本，改寫本；適應→_________adj.有適應能力的；能適應的42．digestvt.消化(食物)；領悟n．文摘，匯編→_________n.消化43．entertainvt.使快樂→_________n．娛樂→_________adj.有趣的；令人愉快的(三)閱讀單詞[第一組]1．senioradj. __________________2．secondaryadj. __________________3．dynamicadj. __________________4．apartmentn. __________________5．am __________________6．shiftn. __________________7．leisuren. __________________8．enginen. __________________9．teenn. __________________10．laptopn. __________________11．nativen. __________________12．hardwaren. __________________13．targetn. __________________14．sayingn. __________________15．cafén. __________________[第二組]16.editorn. __________________17.entirelyadv. __________________18.militaryn. __________________19.absolutelyadv. __________________20.extentn. __________________21.thusadv. __________________22.certificaten. __________________23.sortn. __________________24.supplyn. __________________25.toughadj. __________________26.junioradj. __________________27.gymn. __________________28.momentn. __________________29.presentationn. __________________30.sliden. __________________31.recreationn. __________________二、必備短語分組——抓落實(一)英譯漢1．allinall __________________2．surftheInternet __________________3．searchengine __________________4．fromtimetotime __________________5．livingroom __________________6．inperson __________________7．socialmedia __________________8．getahead __________________9．dueto __________________10．allsortsof __________________11．aswellas __________________12．atthemoment __________________(二)漢譯英13．__________________ 按……所說，根據(jù)14．__________________ 易于做某事15．__________________ (身體或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)16．__________________ 坦白說，坦率地說17．__________________ 換句話說18．__________________ 從……畢業(yè)19．__________________ 申請20．__________________ 放棄21．__________________ 對付，應付，處理22．__________________ 對……負責23．__________________ 適應某事24．__________________ 期待，盼望三、經典句式默背——積佳句(一)句型公式1．動詞-ing形式(短語)作主語Being_a_doctormeansIhavetomakecorrectdecisionsallthetime,whichputsalotofpressureonme.作為一名醫(yī)生意味著我總是要做出正確的決定，這給我?guī)砗艽蟮膲毫Α?．“Itis＋形容詞＋todosth”句型It's_so_convenient_to_be_able_to_parethequalityandpricesfromdifferentonlineshopsbeforeIbuy.購物前，能夠比較不同的網(wǎng)絡商店的質量和價格是非常方便的。3．動詞-ing形式(短語)作狀語Afteralongday,ZhangTianfinallygotbacktohissmallroom,feeling_tired．漫長的一天過后，張?zhí)炱v不堪，終于回到了自己的小窩。4．what引導的主語從句What_made_him_feel_satisfiedwasthathisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglish,andtheybecamemoreconfidentinlearning.讓他感到欣慰的是他的學生能夠讀英語、說英語和寫英語，并且在學習上變得更自信。5．動詞不定式(短語)作表語Thebestwaytofindyourselfisto_lose_yourself_in_the_service_of_others．找到自我的最好方法是全身心投入到為他人的服務當中。(二)單元美句Thethoughtofleavingonceflashedthroughhismind,buthequicklygaveupontheideaandfoundwaystodealwiththechallenges.離開的想法曾在他的腦海中閃現(xiàn)過，但是他很快放棄了這個念頭，并且找到了應對挑戰(zhàn)的辦法。四、單元知識橫拓——積得多1．以t結尾的形容詞變t為ce構成名詞①absent→absence 缺席②confident→confidence 自信③patient→patience 耐心④important→importance 重要性⑤silent→silence 沉默⑥significant→significance 重要意義2．“動詞＋ing”變名詞①park→parking 停車②understand→understanding 理解③suffer→suffering 痛苦；苦難④train→training 訓練⑤say→saying 諺語⑥warn→warning 警告3．“in＋名詞”短語①inpublic 公開地②intheory 從理論上看③intime 及時④introuble 有麻煩⑤inaction 在活動中，在進行中⑥insurprise 驚訝地五、讀后續(xù)寫微技能——心理描寫之憤怒Tom'srecentbehaviourmadeMrSmithburstintoanger.Findinghishomeworkwasunfinishedagain，MrSmithletoutacryofanger,withhiseyesshiningwithannoyance.MrSmith，whosepatiencehadwornthin,calledTom'sfather.Learninghissonhadbeensobadly-behaved，Tom'sfatherfeltsoangrythatheturnedaroundandglaredatTom,“You'dbetterexplainwhat'sgoingon！”However,Tomhunghisheadandsaidnothing,whichmadehimfrown.Hepulledalongfaceinanger.Eventually,unabletocontainhisanger,hestormedoutoftheroom,slammingthedoorfuriouslybehindhim.一、單詞拼寫根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Youthsareunderimmense__________(壓力)andhavetoworkveryhardtocreateabetterfuturefortheirfamiliesandthemselves.2．TheInternethasgreatlychangedpeople's__________(生活方式)andthewaypeoplework.3．(2019·江蘇卷)Toenjoytheconvenienceof__________(數(shù)字的)payment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.4．Accordingtothe__________(日程表),allworkshouldbefinishedbefore10o'clocksowejusthavetwohoursleft.5．Theseproductsareofhigh__________(質量),sotheyarealittlemoreexpensivethanthoseones.6．Hishumorousmentsweremetwithaburstofapplauseand__________(笑聲)inthehall.7．Someworkerssaytheyhaveneverreceivedany__________(正式的)jobtrainingandoftenhavetoconductdangerousoperationswithoutprotectiveequipment.8．(2022·全國甲卷)Throughouthercareerasa__________(專業(yè)的)dancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.9．Thequalityoftheproductsisthemostimportantwhilethepriceis__________．10．Thenewputersaremuchbetterinperformancethanthe__________generation.二、單句語法填空用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空1．Ifyouthinkyourpresentjobisvery__________(stress),itmaybetimetothinkaboutgettinganewjob.2．Theymustbearfull__________(responsible)fortheirownwrongdoingsbecausetheyareadults.3．Itisa__________(challenge)jobbutIbelieveIcanmanageitwithmyefforts.4．Wehavethestrengthand__________(confident)todealwithplexitiesandovererisksandthreats.5．ThevirtuesofpersistenceanddeterminationthatIgainedfrom__________(volunteer)workdrovemetooveredifficultiesandstrivetoserveresidents.6．China'selectricityconsumptionhasbeenrisinginrecentperiods,indicatingthecontinuous__________(recover)ofdomesticeconomy.7．__________(unfortunate),toomanygirlsarestillheldbackfromacquiringtheirdesirededucationinsomeunderdevelopedcountries.8．Weshouldthinkabouthowtoinnovatetomakeourproducts__________(attract)andpopularontheinternationalmarket.9．Canyoutelephonemeatyour__________(convenient)toarrangeameeting?10．Herbehaviourisagainstthetrendofregionaldevelopmentandgoesagainstthe__________(expect)ofallpeace-lovingpeopleinworld.三、選詞填空用方框內所給短語的適當形式填空fromtimetotime，inotherwords，dealwith，giveup，lookforwardto，inperson，dueto，adaptto1．Noneofthestudentsrespondedtoherquestion;__________,herquestionfailedtogetaresponsefromanyofthestudents.2.Onnoconditioncanwe__________ourdreams;onlyifwecansticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.3．WehopeyoucanmakegreaterprogressinyourstudiesandI'm__________receivingyourgoodnewscontinually.4．Itisimportantforchildrentohavetheirteethchecked__________．5.Ittookhimmorethantwoyearsto__________thenewenvironment.6．Wecan'tcontrolwhathappenstous,butwecanalwayschoosehowto__________it.7．__________thecontinuousexpansionofourbusiness,weneedtoemploymoreworkers.8．Itreallytouchedmethatmybossvisitedme__________whenIwasillandstayedathome.四、經典句式仿寫1．熬夜太晚對我們的健康是有害的。(動詞-ing形式短語作主語)__________isbadforourhealth.2．沒有空氣和水，植物是不可能活的。(“Itis＋形容詞＋todosth”句型)__________withoutairandwater.3．看著照片，我不禁懷念我快樂的童年時光。(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)__________,Icouldn'thelpmissingmyhappychildhood.4．讓他父母如此興奮的事是他在比賽中得了第一名。(what引導主語從句)__________wasthathegotthefirstinthematch.5．我的愿望是畢業(yè)后參軍。(動詞不定式短語作表語)Mywishis__________aftergraduation.Part1重點詞匯過關1．differvi.不同，不一樣，有區(qū)別(1)differfrom...in...與……在……方面不同(2)differentadj.不同的；相異的bedifferentfrom...in...與……在……方面不同(3)differencen.不同；區(qū)別tellthedifferencebetween...and...分辨……和……的不同makeadifference(to)對……有影響；使……不相同(4)differentlyadv.不同地；相異eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Localpeople'sopinionsdiffersharplyonwhetherthechemicalfactoryshouldberemovedfromthearea.當?shù)厝藢κ欠駪獙⒃摶S遷出該地區(qū)的意見分歧很大。(應用文之環(huán)境保護)eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空Itisobviousthatthetwoshirtsdiffer__________colour—oneisredandtheotherisblue.②(2021·全國乙卷)Itisdifferent__________traditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobeeeducatedabouttheareas.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypes__________(different).④There'sabig__________(different)betweenknowingthatsomethingistrue,andbeingabletoproveit.eq\x(寫美)——讀后續(xù)寫之哲理句⑤直到那時，我才意識到，只要一個小小的行動，你就能改變一個人的生活。(difference)OnlythendidIrealizewithonesmallactionyoucanmakeadifferencetoaperson'slife.[中國元素]Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.失之毫厘，謬以千里。2．confidencen．自信，信心；信賴(1)haveconfidencein對……有信心withconfidence自信地，有信心地(2)confidentadj.自信的，有信心的beconfidentof/about對……有信心；對……有把握(3)confidentlyadv.自信eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Bygettinginvolvedinthepetition,IgainedmoreconfidenceandmyEnglishalsowasimprovedalot.通過參加這場比賽，我獲得了更多自信，我的英語也提高了很多。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Themeasuresareintendedtorestorepeople's__________(confident)intheeconomy.②Itseemsthattheyaren'tconfident__________thefutureoftheindustry.③OnthedayoftheHistoryexam,Iwentintotheexamhall__________(confident).eq\x(寫美)——應用文寫作之活動意義④這個展覽不僅開闊了學生的視野，也增強了他們的文化自信。Theexhibitionnotonlybroadenedthestudents'horizonsbutalsostrengthenedtheirculturalconfidence．3．petencen．能力，勝任(1)professional/technicalpetence專業(yè)/技術能力petenceindoing/todosth做某事的能力(2)petentadj.足以勝任的，有能力的bepetenttodosth勝任做某事，有能力做某事(3)petentlyadv.勝任地，適合eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))[佳句]ThereisnodoubtthatChinesepeoplehaveconfidence,resolutionandpetencetooveretherisksandchallenges.毫無疑問，中國人民有信心、決心和能力克服風險和挑戰(zhàn)。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Theyhavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional__________(petent).②IfeelIampetent__________(meet)alltherequirementsyouhavelisted.③Evenaftertraining,Smithstillcan'tdohiswork__________(petent),sohemaybedismissedsoon.eq\x(寫美)——應用文之推薦信憑借豐富的實踐經驗和專業(yè)能力，我相信李華能夠在貴公司工作。With________________________________________,IbelieveLiHuaiscapableofworkinginyourpany.4．recovervi.恢復健康，康復(1)recoverfrom從……中恢復過來(2)recoveryn.恢復；痊愈；改善；復蘇wishsbaspeedyrecovery祝愿某人早日康復makeafullrecovery完全康eq\o(復,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Itcantakemanyyearstorecoverfromthedeathofalovedone.從失去親人的痛苦中恢復過來可能要花很多年。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Afterrecovering__________hisillness,hewasadvisedtotakeupgardeningasahobby.②Thehospital'schild-friendlyenvironmenthelpswithyoungpatients'__________(recover).eq\x(寫美)——應用文寫作之慰問信③祝你早日康復，回到我們的大家庭。______________________________andreturntoourbigfamily.5.challengen．挑戰(zhàn)；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)(1)face/meetachallenge面對/迎接挑戰(zhàn)accept/takeupachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)，應戰(zhàn)(2)challengesbtosth向某人挑戰(zhàn)某事challengesbtodosth向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事(3)challengingadj.富有挑戰(zhàn)性的eq\o(,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Life'schallengesarenotsupposedtoparalyzeyou,they'resupposedtohelpyoudiscoverwhoyouare.生活的挑戰(zhàn)并不是為了把你打倒，而是為了幫你看清楚自己是誰。(讀后續(xù)寫之人生哲理)eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Reducingthegapbetweenrichandpoorisoneofthemain__________(challenge)facingthegovernment.②Mybrotherchallengedme__________agameofchessandfinallyhewonbyahair.③Thenewpositionchallengedhim__________(study)stillharderduringhissparetime.④(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Landingonthemoon'sfarsideisextremely__________(challenge).eq\x(寫美)——讀后續(xù)寫之積極的人生態(tài)度我別無選擇，只能勇敢地面對這些挑戰(zhàn)。Ihadnochoicebut__________．⑥我知道未來會有很多困難和有挑戰(zhàn)性的日子，但我永遠不會放棄。Iknowtherewillbe__________aheadbutIwillnevergiveup.6．arisevi.(問題或困難)出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生arisefrom/outof產生于，起因eq\o(于,\s\do4(,))[易混辨析]arise,rise,raise,arouse辨析動詞類型詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞arise不及物動詞(由……)引起；產生，出現(xiàn)；起床，起身arosearisenarisingrise不及物動詞升起，升高；站起，起身roserisenrisingraise及物動詞增加，提高；舉起；抬起；撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育；飼養(yǎng)；籌募，籌集raisedraisedraisingarouse及物動詞激起，引起(感情、態(tài)度)arousedarousedarousing[佳句]Whenyoutrytogaintoomuchcontrolinyourrelationshipwithothers,conflictswillariseandtherelationshipcanbreakup.當你在與他人的關系中試圖獲得太多的控制權，沖突就會出現(xiàn)，你們的關系可能會破裂。(應用文之人際關系)eq\x(練透)——選詞填空：arise，rise，raise，arouse①Weholdapartyeveryyearto__________moneyforthelocalcharity.②Theteachertoldthestudentsastoryto__________thecuriosityandinterestofthesubject.③Itismonknowledgethatthesun__________intheeastandsetsinthewest.④Itwasshortlyafteroneproblemhadbeensolvedthatanotherproblem__________immediately.eq\x(寫美)——同義句轉換Asweallknow,mostcaraccidentsarecausedbycarelessness.→Asweallknow,mostcaraccidents____________________.(arise)[中國元素]TheChinesepeople'snationalprideandconfidencearisesfromtherapiddevelopmentofourcountry.中國人民的民族自豪感和自信心來自于我們國家的快速發(fā)展。7．convenientadj.方便的，便利的(1)Itis/wasconvenientforsbtodosth對于某人來說做某事是方便的。sthbeconvenientfor/tosb某物對某人來說是方便的(2)conveniencen.方便；便利atone'sconvenience在某人方便的時候forconvenience為了方便起見(3)convenientlyadv.方便地，便利地；順利eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Thehigh-speedtrainhasmadeitmuchmoreconvenientforustogobackhome.高鐵使我們回家方便得多了。(應用文寫作之社會發(fā)展)[點津]convenient作表語時，不可用人作主語，而要用物作主語或用it作形式主語；“當你方便的時候”應譯成whenitisconvenientforyou，而不是whenyouareconvenient。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Usingmobilephones,itisextremelyconvenientforpeople__________(municate)withtheirfriends.②Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydeskfor__________(convenient).③Withrapiddevelopmentofthedigitalmultimediatechnology,peoplecan__________(convenient)download,storeanddistributemultimediainformation.④Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldinformmeofyourdecisions__________yourconvenience.eq\x(寫美)——應用文寫作之邀請信⑤如果你方便的話，我想邀請你參加我的生日聚會。____________________,Iwouldliketoinviteyoutoattendmybirthdayparty.[中國元素]XiamenisonthesoutheastcoastofChinawithconvenienttrafficandamildclimate,neithertoocoldinwinter,nortoohotinsummer.廈門市地處中國東南沿海，交通便利，天氣溫和，冬無嚴寒，夏無酷暑。8．addictn．對……著迷的人(1)addictedadj.上癮的；沉迷于某種嗜好的be/bee/getaddictedto沉迷于；熱愛(to為介詞)(2)addictionn.癮，入迷，嗜好(常與介詞to連用)(3)addictiveadj.(藥物等)使人上癮eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))[佳句]SheisaTVaddictandwatchesasmuchasshecan.她是一個電視迷，看盡可能多的電視。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Withthedevelopmentofinformationnetworktechnology,moreminorshavebeenusingorevengotaddicted__________theInternet.②Itneedstheschoolsandparents'jointeffortstohelpchildrengetridoftheir__________(addict)toonlinegames.③Youshouldstoptakingthismedicinebecauseitishighly__________(addict).④Addictedto__________(play)putergames,hecouldn'tfocusonhisstudysohefailedintheexam.eq\x(寫美)——句式升級⑤Theboyisaddictedtoreading,andheevenholdsabookwhilehavingmeals.→____________________,theboyevenholdsabookwhilehavingmeals.(形容詞短語作狀語)9．aimn．目的，意圖vi.力求達到(1)aimtodosth目標是做某事，旨在做某事aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth瞄準，對準；旨在(做)某事(2)takeaimat...瞄準……；對準……withtheaimof...目的是……，為了…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))[佳句]AnEnglishspeechcontestnamedLearntoBeGratefulwasorganizedbyourschoollastFriday，whoseaimistomakethestudentshaveagratefulheart.上周五，我們學校組織了一場名為“學會感恩”的英語演講比賽，旨在讓學生們有一顆感恩的心。(應用文寫作之活動介紹)[點津]aim作主語時，常用動詞不定式形式作表語。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Theprojectaims__________(get)kidstoastagecalled“deepreading”，wheretheycanreadtolearn.②Youmusttakeaim__________thetargetcarefullybeforeyoushoot.③Thepetitionwasstarted__________theaimofencouragingyoungwriters.eq\x(寫美)——句式升級④Thisactivityisaimedatimprovingthestudents'abilityoflisteningandspeaking，whichisverypopular.→________________________________________，thisactivityisverypopular.(動詞-ed形式短語作狀語)10．distancen．距離，間距(1)inthedistance在遠方；在遠處atadistance稍遠處；隔一段距離distancesbfromsth使某人遠離某事，使某人撇清和某事的關系(2)distantadj.遙遠的；冷漠的bedistantfrom離……遙eq\o(遠,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Pleasewearyourmaskandkeepsocialdistance.請戴上口罩，保持社交距離。[點津]distance還可用作動詞，意為“使(與)……保持距離，撇清和……的關系”。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Thedoglookeddangerous,soIdecidedtodistancemyself__________it.②Therailwaystationis__________adistanceoftwomilesawayfromourschool.③Thetimewespenttogetherisnowa__________(distance)memory.eq\x(寫美)——讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫④我們三人沿著小路跑，邊喊邊笑，這時我們的狗魯比突然在遠處停了下來。Wethreewererunningdownthepath,shoutingandlaughingwhenourdogRubbysuddenlystopped__________．[新聞元素]OnAugust1,thefirstinternationalcargotraindepartedfromtheChengduInternationalRailwayPorttoHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam,whichgreatlyshortensthedistanceforexportingRussiangoodstoSoutheastAsia.8月1日，首列國際貨運列車從成都國際鐵路港出發(fā)開往越南胡志明市，這大大縮短了俄羅斯商品出口到東南亞的距離。11．stressn．壓力；憂慮；緊張(1)lay/put/placestresson/uponsth強調/重視……underthestressof...在……的壓力下(2)stressv.強調stresstheimportanceof強調……的重要性(3)stressfuladj.壓力大的；令人緊張的；繁重的stressedadj.緊張的；感覺有壓力eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Notonlydoesithelpusrelieveourstressandanxiety,relaxourwholebodybutalsogivesusagreatsenseofwell-being.它不僅幫助我們緩解壓力和焦慮，放松我們的全身，而且給我們帶來極大的幸福感。(應用文寫作之健康生活)[點津]stressed意為“緊張的，感覺有壓力的”，指人自身感到有壓力；stressful意為“令人緊張的，有壓力的”，指事物給人帶來壓力。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①WhenIwasachild,Motherputgreatstress__________myproperbehavior.②Shefindshernewjobvery__________(stress),butshewillnevergiveitup.③Ifyou'refeeling__________(stress),listeningtosomecalmingmusiccouldreallyhelp.④When__________stress,evenamostgentlepersoncangetangryeasily.eq\x(寫美)——應用文寫作之家庭生活⑤我父母經常強調保持健康的重要性。Myparentsoften__________keepinghealthy.12．suffervi.&vt.遭受(痛苦)(1)sufferfrom(身體或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)，患……病(作不及物動詞時，常與from連用，指遭受戰(zhàn)爭、自然災害帶來的苦難及患病或其他之苦)sufferloss/pain/hardship/defeat遭受損失/痛苦/困苦/失敗(2)sufferern.受苦者，受難者；患者sufferingn.痛苦，苦eq\o(難,\s\do4(,))[佳句]NomatterwhatOliversuffered,hedidn'tlosehope,remainingpureinbodyandmind.無論奧利弗遭受了什么，他都沒有失去希望，保持了身心的純潔。(應用文寫作之人物評價)[點津]suffer作及物動詞時，其后常接抽象名詞，如pain,loss,defeat,damage,punishment,poverty,hunger,hardship等。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatsignificancetopeoplesuffering__________heartproblems.②Thefilmisbasedonthetrue-lifestoryofacancer__________(suffer).③Thedoctorpromisedthatthemedicinehehadprescribedwouldeasethepatientofhis__________(suffer).eq\x(寫美)——句式升級④Afterhehadsuffereddefeatafterdefeat,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.→______________________________,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.(動詞-ing形式作狀語)[中國元素]Chinesepeoplesufferedgreatlyfromwarsandinvasionsinthepast,andtheyfeeldeeplyhowpreciouspeaceis.中國人民在過去飽受戰(zhàn)爭和被侵略的痛苦，深感和平的珍貴。13．reducevt.減少；降低；縮小(1)reduce...to...把……減少到……reduce...by...把……減少了……reduce...from...to...把……從……減少到……bereducedto...淪落為……；陷入某種狀態(tài)(2)reductionn.減少；縮??；降eq\o(低,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Iapproveofthenewideapletelybecauseitcannotonlyreducetheharmdonetotheenvironmentbutalsosaveresourcesthroughrecycling.我完全贊成這個新想法，因為它不僅可以減少對環(huán)境的危害，而且可以通過回收利用節(jié)約資源。(應用文寫作之環(huán)境保護)eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①ThenumberofcitiesproducingCO2beyondthestandardhasbeenreduced__________fortytonine.②Bydietingandexercising,Ireducedmyweight__________5kilograms.③Severalstudiesalsoshowa__________(reduce)inbloodpressurewhenmorefruitandvegetablesareeaten.eq\x(寫美)——讀后續(xù)寫之人物描寫④令我大吃一驚的是，這位曾經的百萬富翁現(xiàn)在淪為街頭乞討。Tomygreatsurprise,theformermillionaire__________onthestreetsnow.[新聞元素]WaterlevelsinmanysectionsoftheYangtzeRiverandotherplaceshavebeensignificantlyreduced,sometorecordlows,becauseofthesummerheat.由于夏季酷熱，長江許多河段和其他地方的水位已大幅下降，一些地區(qū)的水位已降至歷史新低。14．frankadj.坦率的，坦誠的(1)tobefrank坦白說，坦率地說befrankwithsb對某人坦誠相待befrankaboutsth對某事坦誠(2)franklyadv.坦率地；直率地franklyspeaking坦率地說(3)franknessn.率直，坦率，坦eq\o(白,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Isuggestyouhaveafullandfrankconversationwithyourparents.我建議你和你的父母進行一次全面而坦率的談話。(應用文寫作之親子關系)eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Tobefrank__________you,Ithinkyoursonhaslittlechanceofpassingtheexam.②Hewasfrank__________hispastexperiencesanddecidedtohaveachange.③Manyparents__________(frank)admitthattheyhavetroublebringinguptheirchildren.④Everyonelikedtheyoungmanforhis__________(frank)andgoodhumour.eq\x(寫美)——一句多譯坦率地說，我覺得這個決定并不明智。⑤__________,Idon'tthinkthisisawisedecision.(frank)⑥__________,Idon'tthinkthisisawisedecision.(frankly)15．graduatevi.畢業(yè)(1)graduatefrom從……畢業(yè)graduatein畢業(yè)于……(專業(yè))graduatefrom...to...從……過渡到……，由……發(fā)展成……(2)graduationn.畢業(yè)，畢業(yè)典禮aftergraduation畢業(yè)之eq\o(后,\s\do4(,))[佳句]IgraduatedfromPekingUniversityin2008,majoringinbiologyandholdingabachelor'sdegree.我于2008年畢業(yè)于北京大學，主修生物學，并獲得學士學位。(應用文寫作之自我介紹)[點津]graduate還可用作名詞，意為“畢業(yè)生”。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①(2020·山東卷)ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduated__________UniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.②Marygraduated__________lawfromYaleUniversitylastyearandsheisafamouslawyernow.③Withthe__________(graduate)seasoninJune,thejobmarkethasfacedincreasingpressureasmorecollegegraduatesstartedtolookforjobs.④Heeventuallygraduatedfromanordinaryworker__________thegeneralmanagerofthepany.eq\x(寫美)——小語段寫作⑤韋伯斯特1996年畢業(yè)于耶魯大學。畢業(yè)后，他成為一家國際公司的一名工程師。Webster__________YaleUniversityin1996.__________,hebecameaengineerinaninternationalpany.16．inspirevt.鼓勵，激勵(1)inspiresbtodosth激勵某人做某事inspiresbwithsth＝inspiresthinsb以……激勵某人；激起某人的……(2)inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的(3)inspirationn.鼓舞；啟示；靈eq\o(感,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Theactivityisintendedtoinspirechildren'sinterestinscienceandtechnology.該活動旨在激發(fā)兒童對科技的興趣。(應用文寫作之活動目的介紹)eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Theteacherinspireshisstudents__________(give)theiropinionsactivelyeveniftheyaredifferentfromhisown.②__________(inspire)bymyteacher,Isignedupforthepetitionandmadefullpreparationsforit.③Itisreally__________(inspire)tohearthatmysongotfirstplaceinthemathscontest.④Musicisagreatsourceof__________(inspire),whichcanmakeyoulaugh,cryorshout.eq\x(寫美)——一句多譯他鼓勵的話語激發(fā)了我的信心。⑤Hisencouragingwords____________________confidence.⑥Hisencouragingwords____________________me.17．applyvi.申請；請求(1)apply(tosb)forsth(向某人)申請某事applytodosth申請做某事applytosth/sb適用于/運用于……(to為介詞)applysthto...把……應用于……；把……涂抹到……(to為介詞)applyoneselfto(doing)sth集中精力/專注于做某事(to為介詞)(2)applicationn.申請；申請書；應用(3)applicantn.申請eq\o(人,\s\do4(,))[佳句]Ifyouwanttoapplyforthejob,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.如果你想申請這份工作，你必須滿足以下要求。(應用文寫作之招聘啟事)[點津]apply作動詞，還有“涂抹，敷；應用，使用”之意。eq\x(練透)——單句語法填空①Iapplied__________fouruniversitiesandwasrefusedbyallofthem,whichmademeveryupset.②Allthepeoplewhoarewillingtohelpotherscanapply__________(join)theorganization.③Therulesofsafedrivingapply__________everyone,withoutexception.④Heisnowapplyinghimselfto__________(study)traditionalChinesemedicine.⑤The__________(apply)ofth