河南省鄭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（含答案）

河南省鄭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Fourdestinationsforelectric-biketoursacrossCanadaBanffbye-bikeWhiteMountainAdventuresandBanffCyclebothlaunchedguidede-biketoursofCanada'sfirstnationalparkthissummer.Theformer'sofferingsincludea50-kilometrethere-and-backridealongtheBowValleyParkwayanda50-kmreturnridealongthecar-freeRockyMountainLegacyTrail.BanffCycle,meanwhile,addsathree-hour"BanffandBowValley"guidedtriptothemix.Fat-bikinginYukonThisnewridefromtheluxuriousMountLoganEcoLodgeontheAlaskaHighwaynearHainesJunctionprovidesanexceptiontotherulethatCanadiane-biketoursareunavailableinwinter.Equippedwithoversizedtirestoallowridingonsnowandotherunstablesurfaces,theelectricfatbikescanbebookedfortwo-hourguidedtoursthatexplorethewildernessborderingKluaneNationalPark.Sippingande-cyclinginNiagaraNiagaraCyclingTourshostsgroupoutingsofatleastfoure-bikeridersthatrangeinlengthfrom65tomorethan110kilometres.Theofferingsincludeatwo-day"NiagaraIntroductoryRide,"whichcanbecustomizedtovisitlocalattractions,andanew"BeersandBikes"tour,whichridesbetweenmorethanadozencraftbreweries(啤酒廠).GardensandgoudaonVancouverIslandBasedinprettyQualicumBeach.thenewElectricBikeCo.offersathree-hour"HomeandGardenTour"highlightinghigh-designprivatehousesandseasideflowers;andafour-tofivehourrideandferry(輪渡)voyagetoHornbyIsland,homeoftheHelliwellandTribuneBayprovincialparks.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Asportsposter. B．Atravelbrochure.C．Anacademicarticle. D．Ageographytextbook.2．Whiche-biketourisgreattoexperienceinwinter?A．Banffbye-bike.B．Fat-bikinginYukon.C．Sippingande-cyclinginNiagara.D．GardensandgoudaonVancouverIsland3．Whatcanyouenjoywhene-cyclinginNiagara?A．Tastybeer. B．High-designhouses.C．Seasideflowers. D．Mountainscenery.閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。TikTok?Whynot?MakingourchannelwasmygrandsonKevin'sideafromthestart.It'shisfaultthatI'vegotnearly5millionfollowers.Wewerejustsittinginthekitchenoneday,andhefilmedmechatting.IcanbarelyrememberwhatIsaid-Ithinksomethingaboutclocks?That'swhatIthoughthewastellingmetodo:ticktock,aclock!Itwasmeanttobeajoke,butovernightthatvideogot1millionviews.Kevinhadmadeonlinevideoswithmeforyearsalready.whichneverbotheredme.So.wejustkeptongoingwiththistoseewhatcouldhappen.NowIdoallsortsofstrangethings:dancinginthegarden,dishingoutadvice,savingstupidthings.1justhavefunanddowhatever.SometimesIthinkofthingsI'llsayordoinadvance,butmostlyI'mjustbeingme.Apparently,everyonethinksthislittleoldladyisfunny.It'sallquiteasurprisetome.Iwasthequietkidatschool,andthenIworkedinafactoryandraisedafamily.Makingpeoplelaughwasn'tmyarea.AtfirstitwasalljustfunawayforKevinandItokeepourselvesbusy.ButIrealizedmakingthesevideosmakesmefeelyounger.too.Imightbe92.but1onlyfeel65whenwe'reflamingAndnow,I'malsomakingmoneyfromwhatwedo.Igetsentallsortsofthingsforfree:pocketbooks,clothing,sunglasses,allsortsofstuff.Apparently,I'maninfluencernowIgetpaidtoputstuffinmyvideos.I'mawalkingadvert.Whodoesthatintheir90s?Thesekidsoftengetintouchwantingadvice,usuallyaboutrelationships.NowIrespondinmyvideos.Iftheywanttolivealongandhappylifelikeme,Itellthem:don'tsmokecigarettes,loveyourselfanddon'tdrinkeveryday.It'ssimple.4．Whatistheauthor'sfirstpopularvideoabout?A．Dancing. B．Misunderstanding.C．Filming. D．Cooking5．Whatisthesecretoftheauthor'ssuccess?A．Tellingjokes. B．Doingcrazythings.C．Dancingwell. D．Beingherself.6．Whyistheauthoramazedbyothers'impressionsofher?A．Sheusedtobehumorous. B．Sheworkedinafactory.C．Sheisanordinaryperson D．Shemakesupstoriesinadvance.7．Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthergettingpopularonline?A．Upset. B．Panicked. C．Content. D．Relieved.閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Whenleaningaforeignlanguage,mostpeoplefallbackontraditionalmethods:reading,writing,listeningandrepeating.Butifyoualsogesture(做手勢)withyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.Linkingawordtobrainaresresponsibleformovementstrengthensthememoryofitsmeaning.Thisistheconclusionaresearchteamreachedafterusingmagneticpulses(磁脈沖)todisturbtheseareasinlanguagelearners.AsMathiasandhiscolleaguesdescribeintheJournalofNeuroscience,theyhad22German-speakingadultsleaatotalof90inventedwords(suchas"lamube"for"camera"and"atesi"for"thought")overfourdays.Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabularytheyarealsoshownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethatmatchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewoodwasrepeated,thesubjectsperformedthegesturethemselves.Fivemonthslater,theywereaskedtotranslatethevocabularytheyhadlearnedintoGermaninatest.Atthesametime,theyhadequipmenttiedtotheirheadsthatsentweakmagneticpulsestotheirmotorcortex-thebrainareathatcontrolsvoluntaryarmmovements.Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortexcontributed(有助于)tothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.Theeffectdidnotoccurwhenthetestsubjectswereonlypresentedwithmatchingpictureinsteadofgestureswhenleaningvocabulary.Incontrast,children-unlikeadults-seemtobenefitfrompicturesasmuchasgesturesinthelongrun.Inanexperimentpublishedin2020theLeipzigresearchgrouphadyoungadultsandeight-year-oldchildrenlistentonewvocabularyforfivedays,sometimespairedwithmatchingpicturesorvideosofgestures.Aftertwomonths,thetwomethodswerestilltied.Butaftersixmonths.theadultsbenefitedmorefromthegesturesthanthepictures,whilethechildrenwerehelpedequallybyboth.8．Whichmethodmightbethebestinmemorizingwords?A．Watchingvideos. B．Usingmagnetictapes.C．Readingthewordsrepeatedly. D．Makinghandmovements.9．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thedesignoftheresearch. B．ThepurposeoftheresearchC．Thesubjectsoftheresearch D．Theresultoftheresearch.10．Whatplayedakeyroleinrememberingthemeaningsofthenewwords?A．Thebestquestions. B．Theequipment.C．Thewordtype. D．Themotorcortex11．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"werestilltied"meaninthelastparagraph?A．Achievedthesameresults. B．Didnothelptheadultsequally.C．Failedtohavebeneficialeffects. D．Wereconnectedwitheachother.閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Inthenot-too-distantfuture,driverlesscarswilldriveourstreets.Thesecarswillneedtomakequickdecisionstoavoidendangeringhumanlives-bothinsideandoutsideofthecars.Todetermineattitudestowardthesedecisions,agroupofresearcherscreatedamodemversionoftheclassicexerciseknownas"theTrolleyproblem".Theyraisedaseriesofmoraldilemmas(道德困境)involvingaself-drivingcarwithbrakes(剎車)thatsuddenlygiveoutShouldthecarchangedirectiontoavoidagroupofpassers-by,killingthedriver?Orshoulditkillthepeopleonfootbutsparethedriver?Doesitmatterifthepassersbyaremenorwomen?Childrenorolderpeople?Doctorsormurderers?Toputthesequestionstoalargerangeofpeople,theresearchersbuiltawebsitecalledMoralMachine,whereanyonecouldclickthroughthesituationsandsaywhatthecarshoulddo"Helpuslearnhowtomakemachinesmoral,"avideoasksonthesite.Whattheresearchersfoundwasaseriesofnearuniversalpreferences,nomatterwheresomeonewasfrom.Peopleeverywherebelievedthemoralthingforthecartodowastosparetheyoungovertheold,sparehumansoveranimals,andsparethelivesofmanyoverthefew.TheinfindingswerepublishedWednesdayinthejournal.Researchersfoundthatthe130countrieswithmorethan100respondents(調(diào)查對象)couldbegroupedintothreegroupsthatshowedsimilarmoralpreferences.Andthesepreferenceseemedtobeconnectedwithsocialdifferences.Respondentsfromcollectivisticcultures,which"valuetherespectforoldermembersofthecommunity,"showedaweakerpreferenceforsparingyoungerpeople.Theresearchersnotedthatthestudy'sresultsshouldbeusedwithextremecarefulness.andtheyshouldn'tbeconsideredthefinalwordonsocietalpreferences-especiallysincetheserespondentsweremuchfewerthantheyhadexpected.12．Whatgive(s)risetothequestionsinparagraph2?A．Theresearchers'attitudes. B．Thedriver'sharddecision.C．Theself-drivingcar'spowercut. D．Thedriverlesscar'sbrakefailure13．Whatmightaffectrespondents'moralpreferences?A．Theirlivinghabits B．Theirfamilymembers.C．Theirculturalbackground. D．Theireducationalbackground.14．Whatisthemajorlimitationoftheresearch?A．Thedifficultquestions. B．Thelimitedquestions.C．Thesmallnumberofrespondents. D．Thecarelessrespondents.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheNewSelf-drivingCars B．TheNew"TrolleyProblem"C．ShouldCarDriversBeMoral? D．DoesMoralPreferenceMatter?二、任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Choosingamajorisobviouslyamajordecision,butdon'tpanic!Ifyoutakethesethingsintocarefulconsideration,you'llbesuretofindjusttherighttrackforyou⒈Isityourpassion(熱愛)?16．Wouldn'titbebettertospendthattimeinclassesyoulove?Thecoolthingaboutcollegeisthatyouaren'tforcedtospendfouryearsleaningthingsyoudon'tcareabout.Youcantailoryourcurseloadtofitacareerpaththatinterestsyou!Chooseamajorthatmakesitexcitingtoattendclass.⒉Willitguaranteeacareer?NomatterhowhardIwish,collegeisn'tjustforfun-youwillwalkoutofhereafterfouryearswithadegreeinwhatevermajoryouchoose.17．Makesureyourmajor(s)onminor(s)willguideyoutowardadegreethatleadsyoutothatrightcareerpath.Fromthismomentonyoushouldbedoingwhatyouloveandlovingwhatyoudo,⒊Isityouridea?Itishighlyunlikelythatyouwillfindhappinessinamajorchosenforyoubysomebodyelseoramajorthatiscommonamongyourfriends.Itdoesnotmatterifallyourfriendsarelawandsocietymajors.ifyou'rereallypassionateaboutcomputerscienceorelementaryeducation,goforit!18．Makesureyouhaveaclear,uninfluencedmindtomakethisimportantdecision.⒋19．Youdonothavetodeclarebusinessmanagementbecauseyou'refrightenedandthatmightbeasafebetTakeyourtimecompletingyourgeneraleducationcoursesandgettinginvolvedoncampustofigureoutwhoyouareandwhatinterestsyou.Gotocareerfairs,networkwithformergraduates,andtalktofriendsandprofessorstolearnaboutthewealthofjobsbeyondcollege.Yourcallingmightbeoutthereandyoudon'tevenknowityet.20．

A.Youcanchangemajors.B.B.ThisisonlyyourdecisionC.C.Itisokaytobeundecided!D.Isyourdreamjobontheotherside?E.Considertheamountoftimeyou'llspendincollegeclasses.F.Takeyourtimefiguringitouttoensureyoumaketherightchoice.G.Ittakestryingsomethingforawhiletodeterminewhetherornotit'srightforyou.三、完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Fridaynightmeantafamilydinnerformeathome.Therewouldbediscussionsandlaughter.Evenso,I21．thosemoments.Preparationsforthedinnerwouldbegin22．thatday.Asbothmyparentsworked,sometimesIwouldbegiveninstructionsto23．thechickenintheoven(烤箱)afterschool.Iwouldrepeatthe24．processlikeacookingmachine.Theonly25．wasmymother'schickensoup.Oncethedinnerwascooking,thetablewouldbe26．.Awhitelacecloth,thegoodchina,napkins.ThoughIfailedtoseeam27．,Ihadtolightthecandleswithmymom.Yearslater,myfatherpassedaway,andthenmymotherinsistedongoingtoliveinacarehome.Iseemedtobetotally.28．fromtheboringtradition,butIdidn'tfeel29．Imissedthechickensoup.AlthoughIhaveherrecipe,I'veneveractually30．thesoupmyself.Imissedthewarm-lightedcandles.Standingtogether,we'dmake31．withourhandsaroundthelitcandles,bringingthelightintoourhearts.That'swhyIaccepted32．whenmyhusbandadvisedto33．thetradition"Icanhelpwiththesoup."Ifthere'sonethingI've34．,thesefamilytraditionsarereallyworthcherishingbeforethey35．fromthechickensouprecipestolightingcandles.21．A．remembered B．chose C．enjoyed D．hated22．A．early B．late C．a(chǎn)lready D．a(chǎn)gain23．A．kill B．get C．a(chǎn)dd D．count24．A．natural B．formal C．dull D．creative25．A．tradition B．comfort C．upset D．course26．A．elected B．turned C．dressed D．set27．A．point B．dishes C．food D．forks28．A．freed B．protected C．recovered D．discouraged29．A．lost B．happy C．curious D．nervous30．A．served B．stirred C．made D．poured31．A．fortunes B．efforts C．circles D．noises32．A．immediately B．generally C．widely D．regretfully33．A．throwaway B．goover C．putaway D．takeover34．A．controlled B．forgotten C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．learned35．A．exist B．improve C．disappear D．continue四、語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Overalongtime,unhealthydiets,lackofphysicalexercise,andperhapsstressaremajorcausesfordiseaseslikehighbloodpressuretobacco36．(addict)andsoon.Theseleadtovariouslong-termdiseasessuchasdepressionandheartdisease,cancers,andmany37．(other).Internationally,thesediseases38．(call)"LifestyleDiseases".Alifestylediseaseislinked39．livingbehaviorofthatperson.Heartdiseaseandobesityaretheresultsofbadhabitslike40．(smoke)andalcoholabuse(酗酒).Lifestylediseasesarebecomingmorecommonnowadays.Forthefirsttimeinthehumanhistorytheselifestylediseaseskillmorepeoplethaninfectiousones.Mostlikely,eachpersonwantstolivealongandhappylife.So,41．canpeoplestartahealthylifestyle?First,youmust42．(clear)setyourgoal.Donotstartthechangetomorrow43．Monday.Youneedtostartfromtoday!Naturally,youneedtoeathealthyfood,andexclude(排除)fastfoodandsandwichesfromyourmenu.Besides,itisofequal44．(important)tokeepmentalhealth.Donotallowpessimisticemotions45．(disturb)yourepeatedly.五、寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)46．假定你是校英文報的記者李華，請寫一篇新聞稿，報道你校上周末組織的以“保護(hù)湖泊”為主題的志愿活動，內(nèi)容包括：1）活動時間、地點、過程；2）活動意義。注意：1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。LakeProtection47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AsthelateafternoonsunbeatdownonhisfarmlastMay,BrandonLesebergfinishedfeedinghiscowsanddecidedtocallitaday.Astheyoftendid,histwosons,Louie,6,andEverett3followedhim.Astheyheadedforthehouse,thetwoboysranaheadoftheirfatherwhostoppedtoclosethegate.Louiestoppedatawatertap(水龍頭)aboveanoldwellUnknowntotheLesebergs,theboardcoveringthewellhad,overtime,grownbrittle(易碎的).WhenLouiesteppedonit,itcavedin.Brandonhadjustfinishedlockingthegatewhenhetunedaroundandsawonlyhisyoungestson.Where'sLouie?"heshouted."Hefellinthehole!"Everettsaid.Brandkon,37,quicklyrealizedwhathadhappened.HerantothewellandheardLouiestruggling.Withouthesitation,hejumpedin.Ashefellsome70feetdownthewellBrandonheardLouiescreaming.SomehowBrandonmanagedtograbontoapipethatrandownthesideofthewell.Hehitthecoldwateratthbottomofthewell.HepoppedhisheadoutofthewaterandgrabbedLouie,whowaspanickingandtryingtostayafloat(漂浮的)inthewater.Brandonraisedhissonontohischestasheputhisownlegsandbackagainstthenarrowwallsforsupport."Allright,Dad,youcanpullusoutnow,"Louiesaid.Ifonlyitwerethateasy.Therewasnowayhecouldclimbout.Thepipethathe'dgrabbedduringhisfallwastooslippery(滑的)tobeofanyuse.Therewasonlyonewayout.LookinguptoseeEverettlookingdownatthemfromthetopofthewell,Brandonshouted,"Everett,you'regoingtohavetobeabigboyandsaveus.Runtotheroadandstandbythemailboxuntilsomeonestops.Tellthemweneedhelp."注意：1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Everettdidashewastold.TheneighboursnowtunedtheirattentiontoBrandon,buthewastooheavytopullouofthewellusingjusttherope.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了加拿大電動自行車之旅的四個目的地?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及標(biāo)題“Fourdestinationsforelectric-biketoursacrossCanada”加拿大電動自行車之旅的四個目的地，可知，本文介紹的是加拿大電動自行車之旅的四個目的地，是關(guān)于旅游的，因此本文可能來自一本旅游手冊。故選B。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Fat-bikinginYukon部分中的“ThisnewridefromtheluxuriousMountLoganEcoLodgeontheAlaskaHighwaynearHainesJunctionprovidesanexceptiontotherulethatCanadiane-biketoursareunavailableinwinter.”在海恩斯交界處附近的阿拉斯加高速公路上，豪華的洛根山生態(tài)度假村提供了一種新的騎行方式，打破了加拿大冬季無法進(jìn)行電動自行車旅行的規(guī)則?？芍熳钸m合體驗Fat-bikinginYukon，故選B。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Sippingande-cyclinginNiagara部分中的“Theofferingsincludeatwo-day‘NiagaraIntroductoryRide,'whichcanbecustomizedtovisitlocalattractions,andanew‘BeersandBikes'tour,whichridesbetweenmorethanadozencraftbreweries(啤酒廠).”該公司提供的服務(wù)包括為期兩天的“尼亞加拉導(dǎo)覽之旅”，游客可以根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)鼐包c進(jìn)行定制，以及新的“啤酒和自行車”之旅，游客可以在十多個精釀啤酒廠之間騎行?？芍?，在尼亞加拉騎電動自行車能享受到美味的啤酒。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．B5．D6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者通過一個不經(jīng)意的視頻在抖音上走紅，并且一直拍攝作品，做自己，自己對現(xiàn)狀也感到很滿意的經(jīng)歷?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Wewerejustsittinginthekitchenoneday,andhefilmedmechatting.IcanbarelyrememberwhatIsaid—Ithinksomethingaboutclocks?That'swhatIthoughthewastellingmetodo:ticktock,aclock!Itwasmeanttobeajoke,butovernightthatvideogot1millionviews.”有一天我們坐在廚房里，他拍下了我聊天的畫面。我?guī)缀醪挥浀梦艺f了什么——我想是關(guān)于鐘的事？我以為他是讓我這么做的：滴答，時鐘！這本來是一個玩笑，但一夜之間，這個視頻的播放量達(dá)到了100萬次?？芍髡叩谝淮闻臄z品就是個玩笑，所以也可以說是一個誤會，故選B。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Kevinhadmadeonlinevideoswithmeforyearsalready.whichneverbotheredme.So.wejustkeptongoingwiththistoseewhatcouldhappen.NowIdoallsortsofstrangethings:dancinginthegarden,dishingoutadvice,savingstupidthings.1justhavefunanddowhatever.SometimesIthinkofthingsI'llsayordoinadvance,butmostlyI'mjustbeingme.Apparently,everyonethinksthislittleoldladyisfunny.”凱文已經(jīng)和我一起制作在線視頻很多年了。這從來沒有困擾過我。所以，我們一直這樣做，看看會發(fā)生什么。現(xiàn)在我做各種奇怪的事情：在花園里跳舞，提出建議，拯救愚蠢的東西。玩得開心，做什么都可以。有時候我會提前想好要說的話或要做的事，但大多數(shù)時候我只是做我自己。顯然，大家都覺得這個小老太太很有趣。可推斷，作者成功的秘訣就是做自己，故選D。6．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Apparently,everyonethinksthislittleoldladyisfunny.It'sallquiteasurprisetome.Iwasthequietkidatschool,andthenIworkedinafactoryandraisedafamily.Makingpeoplelaughwasn'tmyarea.”顯然，大家都覺得這個小老太太很有趣。這一切對我來說都很意外。我在學(xué)校里是個安靜的孩子，后來我在一家工廠工作，養(yǎng)家糊口。逗人發(fā)笑不是我的專長。可知作者就是一個普通人，所以她發(fā)的視頻能讓別人覺得她有趣，作者感到很意外，很驚訝，故選C。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“AtfirstitwasalljustfunawayforKevinandItokeepourselvesbusy.ButIrealizedmakingthesevideosmakesmefeelyounger,too.Imightbe92,butIonlyfeel65whenwe'reflaming.”起初，這只是我和凱文讓自己忙起來的一種方式。但我意識到，制作這些視頻也讓我感覺更年輕了。我可能已經(jīng)92歲了，但只有激情四射的時候，我才覺得自己65歲；以及第四段“Thesekidsoftengetintouchwantingadvice,usuallyaboutrelationships.NowIrespondinmyvideos.Iftheywanttolivealongandhappylifelikeme,Itellthem:don'tsmokecigarettes,loveyourselfanddon'tdrinkeveryday.It'ssimple.”這些孩子經(jīng)常找我尋求建議，通常是關(guān)于人際關(guān)系的?，F(xiàn)在我在視頻中做出回應(yīng)。如果他們想要像我一樣長壽快樂地生活，我告訴他們：不要吸煙，愛自己，不要每天喝酒。這很簡單?？赏茰y作者作者對她在網(wǎng)上走紅很滿意，故選C?！敬鸢浮?．D9．A10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究者通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)人們學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時，通過手勢進(jìn)行輔助學(xué)習(xí)可以更好地記住詞匯的翻譯?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butifyoualsogesture(做手勢)withyourarmswhilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.”但如果你也用你的手臂做手勢，你能更好地記住單詞，甚至在幾個月之后還能記住?？芍鍪植縿幼骺梢詭椭糜涀卧~。故選D。9．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段“AsMathiasandhiscolleaguesdescribeintheJournalofNeuroscience,theyhad22German-speakingadultsleaatotalof90inventedwords(suchas"lamube"for"camera"and"atesi"for"thought")overfourdays.Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabularytheyarealsoshownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethatmatchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewoodwasrepeated,thesubjectsperformedthegesturethemselves.”正如Mathias和他的同事在《神經(jīng)科學(xué)雜志》上所描述的那樣，他們讓22名德語成年人在四天內(nèi)總共發(fā)明了90個單詞（如“l(fā)amube”代表“相機(jī)”，“atesi”代表“思想”）。當(dāng)測試對象第一次聽到新詞匯時，他們也會看到一段視頻，視頻中一個人做出了與單詞含義相符的手勢。當(dāng)重復(fù)使用木頭時，受試者自己做手勢?？芍?，實驗挑選了22名說德語的人在四天內(nèi)說出9個新發(fā)明的單詞，并觀看含有和單詞含義相匹配的手勢的視頻，同時也要求他們進(jìn)行模仿?？梢酝茢喑龅诙谓榻B了實驗的設(shè)計過程。故選A。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortexcontributed(有助于)tothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.”研究者得出結(jié)論，運動皮層有助于通過手勢學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的翻譯。可知，在記憶新單詞時起關(guān)鍵作用的是運動皮層。故選D。11．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Incontrast,children-unlikeadults-seemtobenefitfrompicturesasmuchasgesturesinthelongrun.”相比之下，與成人不同的是從長遠(yuǎn)來看孩子們似乎從圖片和手勢中收益一樣多?？芍⒆釉趫D片和手勢學(xué)習(xí)中的收益是一樣的，而still意為“仍舊”，從而推斷出兩個月后的測試結(jié)果是一樣的，bestilltied是“擁有相同的結(jié)果”之意，故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．C14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了研究者對無人駕駛汽車上路遇到緊急情況時，是保全車?yán)锏娜诉€是車外的人進(jìn)行的調(diào)查研究。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyraisedaseriesofmoraldilemmas(道德困境)involvingaself-drivingcarwithbrakes(剎車)thatsuddenlygiveout.”他們提出了一系列的道德困境，包括一輛突然剎車失靈的無人駕駛汽車，可知，引起了第2段中的問題的是無人駕駛汽車的剎車失靈。故選D。13．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Andthesepreferenceseemedtobeconnectedwithsocialdifferences.Respondentsfromcollectivisticcultures,which‘valuetherespectforoldermembersofthecommunity,'showedaweakerpreferenceforsparingyoungerpeople.”這些偏好似乎與社會差異有關(guān)。來自集體主義文化的受訪者“重視對社區(qū)中年長成員的尊重”，他們對保護(hù)年輕人的偏好較弱，可推知，會影響受訪者的道德偏好的是他們的文化背景。故選C。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersnotedthatthestudy'sresultsshouldbeusedwithextremecarefulnessandtheyshouldn'tbeconsideredthefinalwordonsocietalpreferences-especiallysincetheserespondentsweremuchfewerthantheyhadexpected.”研究人員指出，該研究的結(jié)果應(yīng)該非常謹(jǐn)慎地使用，不應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是社會偏好的最終決定——特別是因為這些受訪者比他們預(yù)期的要少得多，可知，本研究的主要局限性是受訪者的數(shù)量少。故選C。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段“Todetermineattitudestowardthesedecisions,agroupofresearcherscreatedamodemversionoftheclassicexerciseknownas‘theTrolleyproblem'.Theyraisedaseriesofmoraldilemmas(道德困境)involvingaself-drivingcarwithbrakes(剎車)thatsuddenlygiveout.Shouldthecarchangedirectiontoavoidagroupofpassers-by,killingthedriver?Orshoulditkillthepeopleonfootbutsparethedriver?Doesitmatterifthepassersbyaremenorwomen?Childrenorolderpeople?Doctorsormurderers?”為了確定人們對這些決定的態(tài)度，一組研究人員創(chuàng)造了一個被稱為“電車問題”的經(jīng)典練習(xí)的現(xiàn)代版本。他們提出了一系列的道德困境，包括一輛突然剎車失靈的無人駕駛汽車。汽車應(yīng)該改變方向以避開一群路人，殺死司機(jī)嗎？或者它應(yīng)該殺死步行的人，但救了司機(jī)？過路人是男是女有關(guān)系嗎？孩子還是老人？醫(yī)生還是殺人犯？，可知，本文主要講的是研究者對無人駕駛汽車上路遇到緊急情況時，是保全車?yán)锏娜诉€是車外的人進(jìn)行的調(diào)查研究?！靶碌摹娷噯栴}'”適合做本文的標(biāo)題，故選B?！敬鸢浮?6．E；17．D；18．B；19．C；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了選擇專業(yè)時要考慮的幾個方面的問題。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后“Wouldn'titbebettertospendthattimeinclassesyoulove?Thecoolthingaboutcollegeisthatyouaren'tforcedtospendfouryearslearningthingsyoudon'tcareabout.”把這些時間花在你喜歡的課程上不是更好嗎？大學(xué)最酷的一點是，你不用被迫花四年時間學(xué)習(xí)你不關(guān)心的東西?？崭裉幰f考慮你花在課堂的時間，E.Considertheamountoftimeyou'llspendincollegeclasses.“考慮一下你在大學(xué)課堂上花費的時間”說明了要考慮自己花在大學(xué)課堂上的時間，引起下文，符合語境，故選E。17．根據(jù)空前“NomatterhowhardIwish,collegeisn'tjustforfun—youwillwalkoutofhereafterfouryearswithadegreeinwhatevermajoryouchoose.”不管我多么努力地希望，大學(xué)不僅僅是為了好玩——四年后你就可以離開這里，獲得你選擇的任何專業(yè)的學(xué)位?？崭裉幰f畢業(yè)后要從事的工作，D.Isyourdreamjobontheotherside?“你夢想的工作在另一邊嗎？”是對未來工作所提出的疑問，承接上文，符合語境，故選D。18．根據(jù)空前“Ifyou'rereallypassionateaboutcomputerscienceorelementaryeducation,goforit!”如果你真的對計算機(jī)科學(xué)或基礎(chǔ)教育充滿熱情，那就去做吧！；以及空后“Makesureyouhaveaclear,uninfluencedmindtomakethisimportantdecision.”確保你有一個清晰的，不受影響的頭腦來做這個重要的決定。空格處應(yīng)說這是你的決定，B.Thisisonlyyourdecision.“這是你的決定”說明了這是你的決定，承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。19．根據(jù)空后“Youdonothavetodeclarebusinessmanagementbecauseyou'refrightenedandthatmightbeasafebet.Takeyourtimecompletingyourgeneraleducationcoursesandgettinginvolvedoncampustofigureoutwhoyouareandwhatinterestsyou.”你不必申報商業(yè)管理，因為你害怕，這可能是一個安全的賭注。花點時間完成你的通識教育課程，參與校園活動，弄清楚你是誰，什么讓你感興趣?？芍?，本段主要講的是一時間決定不下來也沒關(guān)系，C.Itisokaytobeundecided!“猶豫不決是可以的！”說明了可以猶豫，決定不下來也沒關(guān)系，因此概括本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選C。20．根據(jù)空前“Gotocareerfairs,networkwithformergraduates,andtalktofriendsandprofessorstolearnaboutthewealthofjobsbeyondcollege.Yourcallingmightbeoutthereandyoudon'tevenknowityet.”參加招聘會，與以前的畢業(yè)生交流，與朋友和教授交談，了解大學(xué)畢業(yè)后工作的財富。你的職業(yè)可能就在那里，而你甚至還沒有意識到?？崭裉帒?yīng)說明在決定之前要先花時間多了解，F(xiàn).Takeyourtimefiguringitouttoensureyoumaketherightchoice.“花點時間來弄清楚，以確保做出正確的選擇”說明了要花時間通過與人交流來搞清楚職業(yè)的相關(guān)情況，而且在句式上和前面的“Takeyourtimecompletingyourgeneraleducationcoursesandgettinginvolvedoncampustofigureoutwhoyouareandwhatinterestsyou.”花點時間完成你的通識教育課程，參與校園活動，弄清楚你是誰，什么讓你感興趣，是一致的，因此F選項承接上文，符合語境，故選F?！敬鸢浮?1．D；22．A；23．B；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．A；29．B；30．C；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．D；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者家在星期五晚上有家庭聚餐的傳統(tǒng)，起初作者覺得很無聊，在父親去世，母親住進(jìn)養(yǎng)老院后，作者卻并不高興，作者懷念母親的雞湯，后來作者意識到這些家庭傳統(tǒng)在它們消失之前真的值得珍惜。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：即便如此，我還是討厭那些時刻。A.remembered“記得”；B.chose“選擇”；C.enjoyed“喜歡”；D.hated“討厭”。根據(jù)上文“Therewouldbediscussionsandlaughter.Evenso”可知，句子表示“即便如此，我還是討厭那些時刻”。故選D。22．句意：那天很早就開始準(zhǔn)備晚餐了。A.early“早地”；B.late“晚，遲”；C.already“已經(jīng)”；D.again“再一次”。根據(jù)下文“Asbothmyparentsworked,sometimesIwouldbegiveninstructionsto3thechickenintheoven(烤箱)afterschool.Iwouldrepeatthe4processlikeacookingmachine”可知，準(zhǔn)備過程很長，所以開始地很早。故選A。23．句意：由于我的父母都要工作，有時放學(xué)后，他們會指示我把雞肉放進(jìn)烤箱。A.kill“殺死”；B.get“準(zhǔn)備（飯菜）”；C.add“增加”；D.count“數(shù)數(shù)”。根據(jù)空后“thechickenintheoven(烤箱)afterschool”可知，句子表示“有時放學(xué)后，他們會指示我把雞肉放進(jìn)烤箱”，空格處意為“準(zhǔn)備（飯菜）”。故選B。24．句意：我會像烹飪機(jī)器一樣重復(fù)這個枯燥的過程。A.natural“自然的”；B.formal“正式的”；C.dull“枯燥無聊的”；D.creative“有創(chuàng)造性的”。根據(jù)空后“l(fā)ikeacookingmachine”可知，作者是像烹飪機(jī)器一樣重復(fù)這個枯燥的過程。故選C。25．句意：唯一的安慰是我媽媽的雞湯。A.tradition“傳統(tǒng)”；B.comfort“安慰”；C.upset“煩惱，失望”；D.course“課程”。根據(jù)下文“Imissedthechickensoup”可知，此處表示“唯一的安慰是我媽媽的雞湯”。故選B。26．句意：晚飯一做好，桌子就擺好了。A.elected“選舉”；B.turned“轉(zhuǎn)向”；C.dressed“穿衣”；D.set“擺放餐具”。根據(jù)下文“Awhitelacecloth,thegoodchina,napkins”可知，此處表示“晚飯一做好，桌子就擺好了”，此處指擺放餐具。故選D。27．句意：雖然我看不出有什么意義，但我不得不和媽媽一起點蠟燭。A.point“意義”；B.dishes“菜”；C.food“食物”；D.forks“叉”。根據(jù)空前“ThoughIfailedtoseeany”和空后“Ihadtolightthecandleswithmymom”可知，句子表示“雖然我看不出有