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湖北大學(xué)考博英語-1
(總分:55.00,做題時(shí)間:90分鐘)
一、{{B}}PartIVocabulary{{/B}}(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):5.00)
1.Itisimpossibletowhethershe'11bewellenoughtocomehomefromthehospital
nextmonth.
?A.foresee
?B.infer
?C.fabricate
?D.inhibit
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:(foresee預(yù)見)。句意為:難以預(yù)見她是否能在下個(gè)月出院回家。B.infer推論,推斷;
C.fabricate制作,裝配,偽造;D.inhibit禁止,約束。
2.Ididn'tsayanythinglikethatatall.Youarepurposelymyideastoproveyour
point.
?A.revising
?B.contradicting
?C.distorting
?D.distracting
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.J
D.
解析:(distort歪曲)。句意為:我根本沒有那樣說。你故意篡改我的觀點(diǎn)以證明你的論點(diǎn)。A.revise
修訂,校訂;B.contradict反駁,否認(rèn),同...矛盾;D.distract分散(注意力、心思等)。
3.Equippedwithmodernscienceandtechnologypeopleoftodayfeelmanyassertionswhich
wereoncetakenastruthabsurd.
?A.religious
?B.profound
?C.sacred
?D.prominent
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.J
D.
解析:(sacred神圣的)。句意為:如今的人用當(dāng)代科技武裝自己,他們認(rèn)為許多曾經(jīng)被奉為圣旨的東西
非?;闹嚳尚?。A.religious宗教的:B.profound深刻的;D.prominent顯著的。
4.Sheaccidentallyswallowedthepoisonanddeathwas____.
?A.instantaneous
?B.simultaneous
?C.symmetrical
?D.insufficient
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:(instantaneous瞬間的,即刻的)。句意為:她誤吞毒藥,死亡在即。B.simultaneous同時(shí)存在
的,同時(shí)發(fā)生的;C.symmelrical對(duì)稱的,勻稱的;D.insufficient不夠的,無能的。
5.Manystudentsfindjobsduringtheirsummerhoiidays.
?A.contemptible
?B.temperate
?C.temporary
?D.contemporary
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.V
D.
解析:(temporary臨時(shí)的)。句意為:暑假期間,許多學(xué)生尋找臨時(shí)的工作。久contemptible可輕視
的;B.temperate有節(jié)制的;D.contemporary當(dāng)代的,同時(shí)代的。
6.Regularuseofthismoisteningcreamwillhelptotherough,dryconditionofyour
skin.
?A.alleviate
?B.abstract
?C.evaporate
?D.abbreviate
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.V
B.
C.
D.
解析:(alleviate減輕,緩和)。句意為:經(jīng)常使用這種潤(rùn)膚霜將有助于緩解皮膚粗糙、干燥的狀況。
B.abstract使抽象化;C.evaporate使蒸發(fā);D.abbreviate縮寫。
7.Thecomputercanstoredinformationinamatterofminutes.
?A.reassure
?B.release
?C.retrieve
?D.revive
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.V
D.
解析:(retrieve檢索)。句意為:在幾分鐘內(nèi),計(jì)算機(jī)能檢索已儲(chǔ)存的信息。A.reassure使放心;
B.release釋放:D.revive使復(fù)活。
8.Theengineershaveusedspecialmethodstothebridgeagainstdangerfromhigh
winds.
?A.suppress
?B.lubricate
?C.heave
?D.ensure
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.V
解析:[解析](ensure保護(hù),使安全)。句意為:工程師們已采用特殊的方法,防止該橋遭受勁風(fēng)帶來的
危險(xiǎn)。A.suppress鎮(zhèn)壓,壓制;B.lubricate使?jié)櫥?;C.heave舉起。
9.Thepriceofvegetablesaccordingtotheweather.
?A.formulates
?B.flourishes
?C.fluctuates
?D.frames
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.V
D.
解析:(fluctuate波動(dòng))。句意為:菜價(jià)隨著天氣的變化而波動(dòng)。A.formulate制定...的配方;
B.flourish繁榮:D.frame設(shè)計(jì)。
10.Youwillhavetoworkhardtothetimeyoulost.
?A.makeuseof
?B.makeupfor
?C.makewayof
?D.makeroomfor
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:[解析](makeupfor彌補(bǔ))。句意為:你必須努力工作,挽回失去的時(shí)間。A.makeuseof利
用;C.makewayfor為...讓路:D.makeroomfor給...讓出地方。
二、{{B}}PartIIReadingComprehension{{/B}}(總題數(shù):4,分?jǐn)?shù):30.00)
Onceuponatime,innovationatProcter&Gambleflowedoneway:from
theUnitedStatesoutward.WhilethelargeCincinnati-based
corporationwasnostrangertoforeignmarkets,itusuallysoldthem
productsthatwerealreadyfamiliartomostAmericans.ManyJapanese
families,forinstance,swaddletheirbabiesinPampersdiapers,and
lotsofVenezuelansbrushtheirteethwithCrest.Andofcourse
(companyexecutiveassumed)Americanathomewantedthesesame
familiar,red-whiteandbluebrands.Wemightbuyforeign-madecars,
orchocolates,orcamerasbuthouseholdcleanersanddetergents?
Recently,however,P&Gbrokewiththislong-standingtradition.
Ariel,aP&Glaundrydetergent,wasbornoverseas,andisafamiliar
sightonstoreshelvesinEuropeandLatinAmerica.Nowbilingual
packagesofArielUltra,asuper-concentratedcleaner,areappearing
onsupermarketshelvesinLosAngeles.
ArieFsappearanceintheUnitedStatesreflectsdemographicchanges
makingHispanicsthenation,sfastest-growingethnicgroup.Arielis
ahitwiththispopulation.Infact,manyMexicanimmigrantsliving
inSouthernCaliforniahavebeen"importing“ArielfromTijuana,
Mexico."Hispanicsknewthisproductandwantedit,〃saysP&G
spokeswomanMarieSalvado.〃Werealizedthatwecouldn,tconvince
themtobuy(our)otherlaundrydetergents.,zP&Ghopesthatnon-
HispanicconsumerswillgiveArielatrytoo.
ArieFsalreadystrongpresenceinEuropemayprovideaspringboard
forthecompanytoexpandintoothermarketsaswell.RecentlyP&G
boughtRakona,Czechoslovakia'stopdetergentmaker.Ariel,currently
atopsellerinGermany,islikelytobeoneofthefirstnewbrands
toappearinCzechsupermarkets.AndArielisnottheonlyforeign
ideathatthecompanyhopestotransplantbacktoitshometerritory.
Chinch,anall-purposespraycleanersimilartopopularEuropean
products,iscurrentlybeingtest-marketedinCaliforniaandArizona.
TraditionallyAmericanshaveusedseparatecleanersfordifferent
typesofsurfaces,butmarketresearchshowsthatAmerican
preferencesarebecomingmorelikethoseinothercountries.
Insidersnotethatthisnewreverseflowofinnovationreflectsmore
sweepingchangesatProcter&Gamble.Thefirmhashiredmanynew
Japanese,German,andMexicanmanagerswhoviewP&G'sbusinessnotas
aone-wayflowofAmericanideas,butatwo-wayexchangewithother
markets.SaysBonitaAustinoftheinvestmentfirmWertheim-
Schroeder,“WhenyoumetwithP&G'stopmanagersyearsago,you
wouldn,thaveseenasingleforeignface.〃Today"theycouldevenbe
inthemajority.z,
AsProcter&Gamblehasfound,theUnitedStatesisnolongeran
isolatedmarket.Americansaremoreopenthaneverbeforetobuying
foreign-madeproductsandtosellingU.S.-madeproductsoverseas.(分
數(shù):7.50)
(1).Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?
?A.ThebrandsofPampers,Crest,Ariel,andCinchreflectthetraditionalone-way
flowofProcter&Gamble.
?B.Inspiteofmarketchanges,Procter&Gamblestillstickstoitslong-standing
traditionofone-wayflowinnovation.
?C.Procter&Gamblehastochangeitsone-wayflowtraditionbecauseofthe
increasednumberofitsforeignmanagers.
?D.TodayonemaymeetmoreforeignfacesinProcter&Gamblethanyearsago.
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.V
解析:如今人們?cè)趯殱嵐究梢钥吹礁嗤鈬?guó)人的面孔。答案的依據(jù)是倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句。
(2).Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueaboutArielexcept.
?A.itisthebestsellerinCzechoslovakia
?B.itisalaundrydetergentproductofProcter&Gamble
?C.ArielwasbornoutsidetheUnitedStates
?D.italreadyenjoyspopularityinEurope
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.V
B.
C.
D.
解析:就Ariel而言,只有A(itisthebestsellerinCzechoslovakia)不是真實(shí)的。作者在第四段
說,Ariel目前成為德國(guó)最暢銷的一種產(chǎn)品,有可能成為捷克超級(jí)市場(chǎng)頭一批最新的品牌之一。
(3).The“insider”(paragraph5,line1)ismostprobably.
?A.someonewhobuysbothArielandCinch
?B.someonewhoworkswithinProcter&Gamb1eorknowsitfairlywel1
?C.someonewhoisaloyalcustomerofAriel
?D.someoneonceworkedwithinRakona
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:第五段第一行的insider很可能是指在寶潔公司內(nèi)部工作或者對(duì)它非常了解的人。寶潔公司的產(chǎn)品
原來只是單向地輸出,現(xiàn)在同其他市場(chǎng)雙向交流,要么是內(nèi)部工作人員熟悉,要么就是對(duì)它十分了解的人
熟悉情況。
(4).Accordingtothepassage,Procter&Gamblehopestotransplanttheforeignideabackto
itshometerritorybecause.
?A.Americansaremorelikelytobuyforeign-madeproductsthanbefore
?B.formostAmericansforeignproductsaremuchmoreattractivethanhome-madeones
?C.thecompanyhasfoundthatforeign-madeproductsaresuperiortohome-madeones
intermsofquality
?D.thecompanyhashiredmoreforeignersinitstopmanagementthanbefore
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.V
B.
C.
D.
解析:根據(jù)短文,寶潔公司希望讓國(guó)外的觀念回到本土來因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人比以往更可能買外國(guó)的產(chǎn)品。作者在
最后一段說,寶潔公司發(fā)現(xiàn),美國(guó)不再是孤立的市場(chǎng)。美國(guó)人在買外國(guó)產(chǎn)品或在海外銷售美國(guó)產(chǎn)品方面比
以往更加開放。
(5).Theauthormaymostprobablyagreethat
A.itisatrendthatbusinessestodaygoglobal
B.businessestodayareveryreluctanttogoglobal
C.Americanbusinessescanmakemoremoneyiftheyonlysellhome-madeproducts
D.themarketoftheUnitedStatesshouldnotbethatopen
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:作者最有可能同意如今商業(yè)的全球化是一個(gè)趨勢(shì)。作者先介紹美國(guó)的產(chǎn)品是單向輸出后來又說外國(guó)
產(chǎn)品在美國(guó)試銷。作者以美國(guó)為例證,含蓄地表達(dá)了商業(yè)全球化是一大趨勢(shì)。
Coincidentwithconcernsabouttheacceleratinglossofspeciesand
habitatshasbeenagrowingappreciationoftheimportanceof
biologicaldiversity,thenumberofspeciesinaparticular
ecosystem,tothehealthoftheEarthandhumanbeings.Muchhasbeen
writtenaboutthediversityofterrestrialorganisms,particularly
theexceptionallyrichlifeassociatedwithtropicalrain-forest
habitats.Relativelylittlehasbeensaid,however,aboutdiversity
oflifeintheseaeventhoughcoralreefsystemsarecomparableto
rainforestsintermsofrichnessoflife.
AnalienexploringtheEarthwouldprobablygiveprioritytothe
planet'sdominant,mostdistinctivefeature一theocean.Humanshavea
biastowardlandthatsometimesgetsinthewayoftrulyexamining
globalissues.Seenfromfaraway,itiseasytorealizethat
landmassesoccupyone-thirdoftheEarth'ssurface.Giventhattwo-
thirdsoftheEarth'ssurfaceiswaterandthatmarinelifelivesat
alllevelsoftheocean,thetotalthree-dimensionallivingspaceof
theoceanisperhaps100timesgreaterthanthatoflandandcontains
morethan90percentofalllifeonEartheventhoughtheoceanhas
fewerdistinctspecies.
Thefactthathalfoftheknownspeciesarethoughttoinhabitthe
world,srainforestsdoesnotseemsurprising,consideringthehuge
numbersofinsectsthatcomprisethebulkofspecies.Onescientist
foundmanydifferentspeciesofantsinjustonetreefromarain
forest.Whileeveryspeciesisdifferentfromeveryotherspecies,
theirgeneticmakeupconstrainsthemtobeinsectsandtoshare
similarcharacteristicswith750000speciesofinsects.Ifbasic,
broadcategoriessuchasphylaandclassesaregivenmoreemphasis
thandifferentiatingbetweenspecies,thenthegreatestdiversityof
lifeisunquestionablythesea.Nearlyeverymajortypeofplantand
animalhassomerepresentationthere.
Toappreciatefullythediversityofabundanceoflifeinthesea,it
helpstothinksmall.Everyspoonfulofoceanwatercontainslifeon
theorderof100to100000bacterialcellsplusassortedmicroscopic
plantsandanimals,includinglarva'sororganismsrangingfrom
spongesandcoralstostarfishandclamsandmuchmore.(分?jǐn)?shù):7.50)
(1).Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?
?A.Humansaredestroyingthousandsofspecies.
?B.Therearethousandsofinsectspecies.
?C.Theseaisevenricherin1ifethantherainforests.
?D.Coralreefsaresimilartorainforests.
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.J
D.
解析:[解析]本文的要點(diǎn)是海洋中的生命比熱帶雨林中的生命更豐富。第二段說,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去,就很容易
意識(shí)到陸地占地球表面的三分之一??紤]到地球表面的三分之二是水,海洋生物生活在海洋中,海洋中所
有的三維生存空間也許是陸地上三維生存空間的100倍,而且可以容納地球上全部生命的90%以上,盡
管海洋中不同尋常的物種要少一些。
(2).Whydoestheauthorcomparecoralreefswithrainforests(Para.1)?
?A.Theysharemanysimilarspecies.
?B.Theyareapproximatelythesamesize.
?C.Mostoftheirinhabitantsrequirewater.
?D.Bothhavemanydifferentformsoflife.
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.V
解析:[解析]作者為什么把珊瑚礁同雨林進(jìn)行比較?因?yàn)槎叨己卸喾N生物。第一段末尾說,就生物的
豐富程度而言,珊瑚礁可以同雨林相比。
(3).Thepassagesuggeststhatmostrainforestspeciesare.
?A.insects
?B.bacteria
?C.mammals
?D.birds
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:[解析]本文暗示,熱帶雨林中的大多數(shù)物種是昆蟲。第三段開頭說,已知的物種中有一半被認(rèn)為
棲息在雨林之中,這一事實(shí)似乎不令人吃驚,因?yàn)檫@里有大量的昆蟲構(gòu)成大多數(shù)物種。
(4).Theauthorarguesthatthereismorediversityoflifeintheseathanintherain
forestbecause.
?A.therearetoomanyinsectstomakemeaningfuldistinctions
?B.morephylaandclassesoflifearerepresentedinthesea
C.manyinsectspeciesaretoosmalltodivideintocategories
D.marinelife-formsreproduceatafasterpace
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:[解析]作者認(rèn)為,海洋中生物的多樣性超過了雨林,因?yàn)橛懈嗌锏募易遄V系和綱呈現(xiàn)在海洋
之中。根據(jù)第二段末尾,如果更強(qiáng)調(diào)基本的和主要的物種,如生物的譜系和綱,而不對(duì)它們進(jìn)行區(qū)分,那
么生命的多樣性毫無疑問存在于海洋之中,幾乎每一種主要的動(dòng)物和植物都在海洋中有所體現(xiàn)。
(5).Whichofthefollowingconclusionsissupportedbythepassage?
?A.Oceanlifeishighlyadaptive.
?B.Oceanlifeisprimarilycomposedofplants.
?C.Theseaishighlyresistanttothedamagedonebypollutants.
?D.Moreattentionneedstobepaidtopreservingoceanspeciesandhabitats.
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.J
解析:[解析]要更加注意保護(hù)海洋物種和棲息地。第一段后半部分說,關(guān)于地球上生物多樣性的問題,
已有大量的著述,尤其是與熱帶雨林特別豐富的生物有關(guān)的著述。然而,就海洋生物的多樣性而言,則著
述甚少。言下之意是:陸地上的生物,尤其是熱帶雨林中的生物受到了很好的保護(hù),但海洋生物及其棲息
地未受到很好的保護(hù)。
Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutan
education,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadverse
circumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-century
opportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modern
states"invest"ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback"interest"in
theformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoare
potentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionso
carefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks一一thosepurchasable
wellsofwisdom--whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutits
benefits?
Somuchiscertain:thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyers
anddefendants,marriagesandbirths;butourspiritualoutlookwould
bedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstressonz,factsandfigures"and
moreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityof
amantogetalongwithhisfellowcitizens.Ifoureducational
systemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemost
democraticformof"college"imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomwe
liketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionisshared
byall;itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthis
respecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.
Itistheidealconditionofthe"equalstart"whichonlyourmost
progressiveformsofmodemeducationtrytoregain.Inprimitive
culturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditional
instructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno"illiterates〃--ifthe
termcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript一一whileourown
compulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrance
in1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumber
of"civilized"nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemed
itnecessarytomakesurethat'allourchildrencouldshareinthe
knowledgeaccumulatedbythe"happyfew"duringthepastcenturies.
Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.All
areentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,in
oursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowing
personality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattention
ofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno
/zjuveniledelinquency”.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfrom
homeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwith
hisinabilityto〃buy〃aneducationforhischild.(分?jǐn)?shù):7.50)
(1).Theword"interest"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans.
?A.pleasure
?B.returns
?C.share
?D.knowledge
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:第一段中的interest很可能指“回報(bào)”。interest所在的句子意為:現(xiàn)代的國(guó)家深信教育的重要
性,投資興辦學(xué)校,培養(yǎng)一大批開明的、有可能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的青年人,以期獲得回報(bào)。
(2).Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe.
?A.againsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes
?B.infavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures
?C.quitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone
?D.positiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:根據(jù)短文,作者似乎贊同原始文化中的教育傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)第二段最后三句,如果我們教育體制的形成
仿效沒有書籍的過去,我們就會(huì)有可以想象的、最民主的“大學(xué)”。在那些我們想稱之為未開化的人當(dāng)
中,大家分享靠傳統(tǒng)傳承下來的全部知識(shí)。知識(shí)傳授給部落里每一位成員,因此,從這種意義上講,大家
享受平等的生活。
(3).Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.
?A.theaimof"equalstart“hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages
?B.savagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople
?C.themodemeducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore
?D.therearenoi11iteratesincivi1izednationsintoday*ssociety
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:根據(jù)短文可以推斷,“平等的開始”的目的已經(jīng)在未開化的人當(dāng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第三段第二句和第三
句,在原始文化中,尋求和接受傳統(tǒng)教育的義務(wù)對(duì)所有的人來說都具有約束力。如果“文盲”這個(gè)詞也適
用于沒有文稿的人,那就沒有“文盲”。
(4).Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
?A.Educationcan*tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.
?B.Wehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.
?C.Compulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.
?D.Ourspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.V
D.
解析:義務(wù)教育并非在所有的國(guó)家都存在。根據(jù)第三段,德國(guó)是在1642年將義務(wù)敦育寫進(jìn)法律條文的;
法國(guó)是在1806年:英國(guó)是在1876年,義務(wù)教育在許多“文明的”國(guó)家尚不存在。
(5).Thebesttitleforthispassageis____.
?A.EducationandModernCivilization
?B.TheSignificanceofModernEducation
?C.EducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings
?D.Education:AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.J
解析:本文的最佳標(biāo)題是《教育的過去與現(xiàn)在》。第一段主要講現(xiàn)代教育的理念,第二段和第三段將過去
的教育同現(xiàn)代的教育進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisno
gainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethaninthe
classroom.Therefore,thegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbe
ignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongallies
oftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyhinderandthwart
curricularobjectives.
Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsinformed
ofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconducted
workshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,
manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.
Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthe
supervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.
Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearsaswellasnewways
ofreportingpupilsprogress,cansignificantlyaidinachievinga
harmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.
Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorin
arithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,the
teachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterest
intoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJunior
participateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usinga
yardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculating
mileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthat
haveamathematicalbasis.
Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathe
willsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressin
mathematicsand,atthesametime,enjoyingthework.
Toooften,however,teachers'conferenceswithparentsaredevotedto
pettyaccountsofchildren,smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlaziness
andpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsat
home.
Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asa
professionaladviser,plantsideasinparents'mindsforthebest
utilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutofthe
classroom.
Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthe
fullestdevelopmentofyoungsters'capacities.(分?jǐn)?shù):7.50)
(1).Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat___.
?A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendsso
manyhourswithhisparents
?B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesof
theschool
?C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives
?D.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome
(分?jǐn)?shù):L50)
A.
B.V
C.
D.
解析:[解析]本文的大意是教師能夠且應(yīng)該幫助家長(zhǎng)了解并推行學(xué)校的目標(biāo)。A不能選,因?yàn)槲恼碌牡?/p>
一段只是說:孩子們?cè)诩掖臅r(shí)間比在教室待的時(shí)間長(zhǎng),教師不應(yīng)當(dāng)忽視或輕視家長(zhǎng)的巨大影響。作者并
沒有說家庭教育比學(xué)校教育更具影響力。如果第,段的aTherefore,thegreatinfluenceofparents
cannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.”中的great改成比較級(jí)greater則可以選A。C
和D都是具體的例子,都是用于支持論點(diǎn)的論據(jù),不能作為本文的中心思想。
(2).Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat.
?A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic
?B.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents
?C.afathercanhavehissonhelphimconstructarticlesathome
?D.aparent'smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.V
解析:[解析]家長(zhǎng)的誤區(qū)可以重新引導(dǎo)到正確的路線上來。第四段指出,為了說明問題,假設(shè)一位父親
每天晚上都訓(xùn)練朱尼亞解算術(shù)題。在充滿友好氣氛的家訪中,教師可以幫助家長(zhǎng)把本能的父愛轉(zhuǎn)化為富有
成效的方法。教師可能會(huì)勸家長(zhǎng)讓朱尼亞參與討論家庭預(yù)算、買食物、使用直尺或在家測(cè)量杯子、撥準(zhǔn)鐘
表、計(jì)算旅途中的里程,且從事許多其他與數(shù)學(xué)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。
(3).Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor.
?A.believesthatschoolsarelackinginguidancepersonnel
?B.believespresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschoolaresatisfying
?C.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothe
developmentalprogram
?D.feelsthatparentteacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethanthey
areatpresent
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.J
解析:[解析]可以合理地推斷,作者覺得應(yīng)讓家長(zhǎng)和教師之間的會(huì)談比目前更富有創(chuàng)造性。倒數(shù)第三段
說,在教師同家長(zhǎng)的會(huì)談中,家長(zhǎng)不得要領(lǐng)地講述孩子行為不端,抱怨孩子懶惰,學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣不好,建議在
家里實(shí)行懲罰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。倒數(shù)第二段說,所需要的是一種更具有創(chuàng)造性的方法,作為專業(yè)顧問的教師可以向
家長(zhǎng)灌輸一些觀念,以便充分利用孩子在課外耗費(fèi)的許多時(shí)光。
(4).Theauthorimpliesthat.
?A.participationininterestingactivitiesrelatingtoaschoolsubjectimproves
one'sachievementinthatarea
?B.schoolprincipalsdomorethantheirshareininterpretingthecurriculumtothe
parents
?C.onlyasmallpartoftheschooldayshouldbesetapartfordrillingin
arithmetic
?D.toomanychildrenarelazyandhavepoorworkhabits
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.J
B.
C.
D.
解析:[解析]作者喑示,參加與學(xué)校課程有關(guān)的、有趣的活動(dòng)能夠提高這門課的成績(jī)。四、五兩段是選
擇答案A的依據(jù)。
(5).Theauthor,sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto.
?A.tel1parentstopaymoreattentiontotheguidanceofteachersinthematterof
educationalactivitiesinthehome
?B.helpensurethateverychild'scapacitiescanfullydevelopwhenheleavesschool
?C.urgeteachersandschooladministratorstomakeuseofamuchunderusedresource
oftheparents
?D.improvetheteachingapproachinmathematicsinandoutsidetheclassroom
(分?jǐn)?shù):1.50)
A.
B.
C.J
D.
解析:[解析]作者寫這篇短文的目的是敦促教師和學(xué)校行政人員利用尚未得到充分利用的資源一一家
長(zhǎng)。作者在第一段說,不管我們認(rèn)為學(xué)校生活是多么的重要,但是不可否認(rèn),孩子在家待的時(shí)間比在教室
里待的時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)。因此,教師不應(yīng)忽視或輕視家長(zhǎng)的巨大影響。家長(zhǎng)可以成為學(xué)校工作人員強(qiáng)大的同盟
者。作者在最后-一段指出,學(xué)校和家庭通力合作,以使小孩子的各種能力得到最充分的發(fā)揮。
三、{{B}}PartIIICloze{{/B}}(總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù):10.00)
InmostcountriesaPhDisabasicrequirementforacareerin
academia.Itisa(n){{U}}{{U}}1{{/U}}{{/U}}totheworldof
independentresearch一akindofintellectual{{U}}{{U}}2{{/U}}
{{/U}},createdbyanapprenticeinclosecollaborationwitha(n)
{{U}}{{U}}3{{/U}}{{/U}}.Therequirementstocompleteone{{U}}
{{U}}4{{/U}}{{/U}}enormouslybetweencountries,universitiesand
even{{U}}{{U}}5{{/U}}{{/U}}.Somestudentswillfirsthaveto
spendtwoyearsworkingona{{U}}{{U}}6{{/U}}{{/U}}degreeor
diploma.Somewillreceiveastipend;otherswill{{U}}{{U}}7
{{/U}}{{/U}}theirownway.SomePhDs{{U}}{{U}}8{{/U}}{{/U}}only
research,somerequire{{U}}{{U}}9{{/U}}{{/U}}andexaminations
andsomerequirethestudenttoteachundergraduates.A(n){{U}}
{{U}}10{{/U}}{{/U}}canbedozensofpagesinmathematics,ormany
hundredsinhistory.Asaresult,newlymintedPhDscanbeasyoung
astheir{{U}}{{U}}11{{/U}}{{/U}}20sorworld-wearyforty-{{U}}
{{U}}12{{/U}}{{/U}}.
OnethingmanyPhDstudentshavein{{U}}{{U}}13{{/U}}{{/U}}is
dissatisfaction.Somedescribetheirwork{{U}}{{U}}14{{/U}}
{{/U}}“slavelaborzz.Seven-dayweeks,ten-hourdays,lowpayand
uncertain{{U}}{{U}}15{{/U}}{{/U}}arewidespread.Youknowyou
areagraduatestudent,{{U}}{{U}}16{{/U}}{{/U}}acomment,when
yourofficeisbetterdecoratedthanyourhomeandyouhavea
favoriteflavorof{{U}}{{U}}17{{/U}}{{/U}}noodles.〃Itisn,t
graduateschoolitselfthatisdiscouraging,〃saysonestudent,who
confessestoratherenjoyingthehuntforfreepizza.〃What's
discouragingisrealizingtheendpointhasbeenpulledoutofreach.
〃
WhiningPhDstudentsarenothingnew,butthereseemtobegenuine
problems{{U}}{{U}}18{{/U}}{{/U}}thesystemthatproduces
researchdoctorates(thepractical''professionaldoctorates^in
fieldssuchaslaw,businessandmedicinehaveamoreobviousvalue).
ThereisanoversupplyofPhDs.Althoughadoctorateis{{U}}{{U}}
19{{/U}}{{/U}}astrainingforajobinacademia,thenumberofPhD
positionsis{{U}}{{U}}20{{/U}}{{/U}}tothenumberofjob
openings.(分?jǐn)?shù):10.00)
(1).
?A.conclusion
?B.introduction
?C.steppingstone
?D.milestone
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.J
C.
D.
解析:[解析](introduction初次經(jīng)歷,后跟to)。句意為:博士學(xué)位是進(jìn)入獨(dú)立研究這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的入門階
段。A(conclusion)意為“結(jié)論”;C(steppingstone)意為“抵達(dá)某處的墊腳石,求得某事的敲門磚”,
其后也跟to,C若放到原句中,帶有一定的貶義色彩,所以不宜作為正確答案;D(milestone)意為“里程
碑”。
(2).
?A.paper
?B.project
?C.masterpiece
?D.exercises
(分?jǐn)?shù):0.50)
A.
B.
C.J
D.
解析:[解析](masterpiece杰作)。句意為:博士學(xué)位也是師徒密切合作
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