2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNoteSectionⅢGrammar學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修3

PAGEUnit3TheMillionPoundBankNote賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)境自主領(lǐng)悟先視察原句后自主感悟①OliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.②ItisHenryAdams，anAmericanbusinessman，whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.③Iwonder，MrAdams，ifyou'dmindusaskingafewquestions.④Ididn'tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.⑤That'swhywe'vegivenyoutheletter.⑥Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.1.左欄6個(gè)句子中的黑體部分都是主句中的從句，這些從句在詞性上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，故被稱(chēng)作名詞性從句。2.句①②③④中的黑體部分屬于賓語(yǔ)從句。3.句⑤⑥中的黑體部分屬于表語(yǔ)從句。一、名詞性從句的連接詞項(xiàng)目連接詞意義在句中的功能從屬連詞that無(wú)意義不充當(dāng)成分whether/if是否不充當(dāng)成分連接代詞who(ever)(無(wú)論)誰(shuí)主、賓、表whose誰(shuí)的定what(ever)(無(wú)論)什么主、賓、表、定which(ever)(無(wú)論)哪個(gè)主、賓、定連接副詞when(ever)(無(wú)論)何時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where(ever)(無(wú)論)何地地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)how(ever)(無(wú)論)怎么方式狀語(yǔ)why為什么緣由狀語(yǔ)二、賓語(yǔ)從句1．that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去。Welearntfromhisletter(that)hewouldcometoShanghaisoon.從他的信中我們了解到他不久會(huì)來(lái)上海。[名師點(diǎn)津]賓語(yǔ)從句中兩種狀況中的連接詞that不能省略；①引導(dǎo)的其次個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前的that不行?。虎谠趧?dòng)詞＋形式賓語(yǔ)it＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)＋that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中that不能省略。Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthatyouwereaskednottocareaboutit.他說(shuō)你太年輕，還無(wú)法理解這件事情，你也不要去管它。Wethinkitimportantthateverycitizenshouldobeythetrafficrules.我們認(rèn)為每個(gè)市民都應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守交通規(guī)則是很重要的。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1]單句改錯(cuò)①Hesaidhewouldgiveupthechanceandhewouldtryhardtolookforanotherone. 在and后加that②Wefounditstrangenoonewouldtakethemoney. 在strange后加that2．whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句whether或if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在句中不充當(dāng)成分，但是含“是否”之意，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序。Iwonderwhether/ifwe'llfinishthetaskontime.我不知道我們能否按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。I'llseewhether/ifIcanadvisehimtoacceptit.我要看看我是否能勸他接受。[名師點(diǎn)津]用whether而不用if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的狀況：①作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether；②與or或ornot連用時(shí)只能用whether；③用于There'ssomedoubtwhether...句型中；Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.我們正在探討是否讓學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂(lè)部。Iwanttoknowwhetherit'sgoodnewsornot.我想知道這是不是好消息。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldusethemoneytobuyanewhouse.我們探討了是否該用這筆錢(qián)來(lái)買(mǎi)套新居子。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcomeintime.他是否能剛好趕到值得懷疑。3．連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever和連接副詞when，where，how，why這些連接詞都有詞義，除引導(dǎo)從句外，還在從句中充當(dāng)肯定的成分，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。這種賓語(yǔ)從句有疑問(wèn)意義，但不是疑問(wèn)句，不能用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序，而要用陳述語(yǔ)序。Thepoliceaskedmehowtheaccidenthappened.警察問(wèn)我事故是怎么發(fā)生的。(how作狀語(yǔ))Hewantedtoknowwhatthemanagerhadsaidatthemeeting.他想知道經(jīng)理在會(huì)議上說(shuō)了些什么。(what作賓語(yǔ))DoyouknowwhowillbesenttoworkinXinjiang?你知道會(huì)派誰(shuí)去新疆工作嗎？(who作主語(yǔ))Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他沒(méi)告知我什么時(shí)候我們?cè)傧嘁?jiàn)。(when作狀語(yǔ))CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthisproject?我能和負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的人談?wù)剢幔?whoever作主語(yǔ))[名師點(diǎn)津]“疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever”結(jié)構(gòu)的詞可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。而“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。[明辨異同]what和which引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分what意為“什么”，所涉及之物無(wú)范圍which意為“哪一個(gè)”，所涉及之物有范圍Theywantedtoseewhichshopwouldofferthebestservice.(他們要看好幾家商店)他們想看看哪家商店供應(yīng)的服務(wù)最好。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2]用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空①I(mǎi)wonderhowyouaregettingonwithyourstudies.②Canyoutellmewhenhewillcomeback?③Canyouhelpmetofindoutwhosewalletitis?4．it作形式賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句之后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(通常是形容詞或名詞)時(shí)，通常以it代替that賓語(yǔ)從句作形式賓語(yǔ)，這時(shí)that不行省略。常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有find，think，consider，take，feel等。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我認(rèn)為我們每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的。Wefinditdifficultthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.我們發(fā)覺(jué)我們按時(shí)完成工作有困難。5．賓語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示“建議、吩咐、要求、確定、主見(jiàn)”等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞主要有insist，order，demand等。Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.他堅(jiān)持要我們大家想盡方法按時(shí)去那兒。[巧學(xué)助記](méi)后接賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞口訣：“一二三四”一個(gè)堅(jiān)持(insist)；兩個(gè)吩咐(order，command)；三條建議(advise，suggest，recommend)；四項(xiàng)要求(demand，desire，require，request)。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練3]完成句子①我建議你應(yīng)當(dāng)保持學(xué)習(xí)和消遣的平衡。Isuggestthatyou(should)keepthebalancebetweenyourstudyandentertainment.②假如你想通過(guò)考試，我勸你要勤奮。Iadvisethatyou(should)bediligentifyouwanttopasstheexam.③我已表明我不會(huì)接受這份工作的。IhavemadeitclearthatIwillnotacceptthisjob.三、表語(yǔ)從句1．that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句用法：①無(wú)意義②不充當(dāng)成分③不行省略Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.他缺席的緣由是他沒(méi)接到通知。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建議是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)告知他。2．whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)當(dāng)借錢(qián)給他。[名師點(diǎn)津]if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。3．連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.這就是我所感愛(ài)好的。That'swhereIfirstmether.那就是我第一次遇見(jiàn)她的地方。4．because，asif/though等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.這僅僅是因?yàn)樗幌嘧R(shí)她。NowitseemsasthoughshehadknownMillieforyears.現(xiàn)在似乎她相識(shí)米莉已有好多年了似的。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練4]用where，when，that填空①Lookatthehighmountain.Thatiswherewewillget.②Thefirsttimewemeteachotherwaswhenwestudiedinthatschool.③Myadviceisthatwe(should)worktogether.5．why和because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分That'swhy...意為“那是……的緣由”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果That'sbecause...意為“那是因?yàn)椤?，?qiáng)調(diào)緣由Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'swhyshegotangrywithme.(強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)打電話(huà)”這一結(jié)果)我沒(méi)有給她打電話(huà)。那就是她對(duì)我生氣的緣由。Ididn'tphoneher，andthat'sbecauseIgotangrywithher.(強(qiáng)調(diào)“生氣”這一緣由)我沒(méi)有給她打電話(huà)。那是因?yàn)槲疑臍饬?。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練5]用why，that，because填空①I(mǎi)twasraininghard；thatwaswhyIcamelate.②Icamelate；thatwasbecauseitwasraininghard.③ThereasonwhyIcamelatewasthatitwasraininghard.6．表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中，表示間接的吩咐、要求、懇求、建議、確定等，主句中的主語(yǔ)通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，從句謂語(yǔ)形式是“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”(should可以省略)。Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建議是你應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能常常地練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Haveyoudecidedwhereyouaregoingtohaveyourholiday?2．Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20，halfofwhatitusedtocharge.3．SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary，andIadmittedthatIhadn't.4．Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.5．Ashipinharborissafe，butthat'snotwhatshipsarebuiltfor.6．WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming，sowecanbookaroomforhim.7．Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.8．Anewneighbourhood