2024年高考英語全真預(yù)測卷-新高考卷2

2024年高考英語全真預(yù)測卷-【新高考II卷】

英語

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡

皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完

每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來問答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whowillposttheletterprobably?

A.Mary.B.Tom.C.Jack.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Ineedsomeonetopostthisletter.Areyoufree,Mary?

W:Sorry,Tom,I'mbusynow.Whydon'tyouaskJack?Heisfreeandheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.

M:OK.Thankyouallthesame.

2.Whendid（hewomanbegintosr.eeze?

A.OnMondaymorning.B.OnMondayafternoon.C.OnMondaynight.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Arcyoufeelingallright,Annie?Youlookabitpale.

W:That'sbecauseI'mstillrecoveringfromtheflu.ItseemedeverythingwasfineuntilMondaymorning.ThenI

startedsneezingonMondayafternoonandbybedtimemytemperaturehadreached39.5degrees.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aperformance.B.Aninvestment.C.Afilm.

【答案】C

【原文】W:ThefilmwesawinAugustperformedpoorlyattheboxoffice.Itcouldn'tevencovertheinvestors'

cosis.

M:Oh,I'mnotsurprisedeventheallstarcastcouldn'trescuetheweakplot.

4.Wherearethespeakersnow?

A.Atanaiq>ort.B.Inarailwaystation.C.Onaflight.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Whatdidtheannouncersayjustnow?

W:Shesaid,“PassengersonFlightCAI()1toHongkongpleasemaketheirwaytothedeparturegate?,

M:Really?I'mgoingtotakethisflight.

5.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?

A.Tomakeanappointment.B.Toattainsomeinformation.C.Toputoff

hisweekendtrip.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Hello,CityRobotMuseum.MayIhelpyou?

M:Whatareyouropeninghoursforweekend?

W:From9:00inthemorningto6:00intheafternoononSaturday.

第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小

題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Running.B.Goingshopping.C.Buyingmedicine.

7.Whydidthemanputoffthetrip?

A.Hiswifewasill.B.Theywantedtoski.C.Theweatherwasbad.

【答案】6.B7.A

【原文】W:Hey,Jack!Hi!

M:Oh,hi!Howarcyoudoing,Catherine?

W:Nottoobad.Whereareyouheadedsolate?

M:Err,justtotheconveniencestoreonthecorner.We'verunoutofmilk.

W:Isee.How'syourwife?Didshegetoverthatflu?

M:Oh,yeah,yeah.Thanks.She'sfinenow.Actually,wehadtoputoffthisweek,striptoWhistlerforskiing

becauseofit.Butwearegoingnextweek.

W:Oh,youare?Skiingisgreat.It?simportanttostayactiveinwinter.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8.WhydocsBrucecometoGloria?

A.Toissueaninvitation.

B.Tohelpherorganizeaschooldance.

C.Toinquireaboutstudyingabroad.

9.WherewillGloriabeonSaturdaynight?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inadancestudio.C.Athercousin'splace.

10.WhatdoesGloriaadviseBrucetodo?

A.Practicetenniswithher.B.GetintouchwithAlice.C.Searchforinformationonline.

【答案】8.A9.C10.B

【原文】M:Hey,Gloria,haveyouheardabouttheschooldancethisweekend?

W:Yes,Bruce,what'sup?

M:Hmm.Haveyouhadadate?Iwonderifyou'dliketogowithme.

W:I'dlovetoBruce,butIhaveafamilyreuniononSaturdaynightatmycousin,shouse.Shewillstudyabroad

soon.WewillhaveabigfamilydinnerandIneedtoprepareagiftfbrher.

M:That'stotallyfine,Gloria.IguessImightgoalone.

W:Well,whenIplayedtenniswithAliceyesterday,shementionedshewantedtogotothedanceparty,butshe

couldn'tfindanyonetopairupwith.Youmaytryaskingher.

M:Oh,really,thanksfortheinformation.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

11.Whendidthemuseumreopen?

A.In2004.B.In2008.C.In2012.

12.WhichexhibitwillfocusonAsianculturenextyear?

A.WorldView.B.MovingArena.C.LifeonEarth.

13.Whatattractsvisitorsmostinthemuseum?

A.Theperiodicalshow.B.Theexperttalk.C.Theinteractiveexhibit.

【答案】11.B12.A13.C

【原文】M:Couldyoustartbytellingmealittleaboutthemuseum'shistory?

W:Okay,itwasfoundedintheearlynineteenthcentury,butitwasdamagedin1941.Then,afewdecadeslater,city

councilcollectedmoneytofoundanewmuseum.Thismoneywasawardedtothemuseumin2004butitwasn't

untilfouryearslaterthattherestoredmuseumopenedtothepublic.

M:Whatahistory!

W:Asyoucansee,thereareseveralgalleries.ThegalleryonyourleftiscalledWorldView.Itchangesperiodically.

It,snowaboutAfricanculture.It511lookatAsianextyear.

M:Amazing!

W:Thenwccometoanotherpopulargallery,lifeonearth.It'saboutthehistoryoftheplanetwcliveon.Therearc

experttalkseveryweekend.Nexttothisgalleryisaninteractiveexhibit.It'scalledmovingarena.It'sactuallya

giantmapofthecitythatyoucanwalkon.Thisisthemainreasonwhythemuseumissopopular.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

14.Howdidthemanlearntodoskateboardingatfirst?

A.Bytakingafewlessons.B.Bywatchingsomevideos.C.Byasking

hiscousinforhelp.

15.Wheredoesthemanoftendoskateboarding?

A.Aroundthecitysquare.B.Onthebasketballcourt.C.Bythebeach.

16.Whaldoesthemanusuallydotokeepfit?

A.Swim.B.Cycle.C.Jog.

17.Whatistheman'slatestplan?

A.Totrainforaskateboardcompetition.

B.Tovisitchildren'sskateboardcamps.

C.Totakepartinaskateboardadvertisement.

【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.B

【原文】W:Blaine,whendidyoustartskateboarding?

M:Igotmyfirstskateboardateight,Iwantedtojointheskateboardclubatmylocalpark,butyouhadtobeat

leasttwelve.Mycousinwasgoodatdoingjumps,buthewasnotinterestedinteachingkidslikeme.SoIwatcheda

lotofskateboardingvideosandpractisedallthemoves.

W:Whereisthebestplaceforskateboarding?

M:Well,fbrfreestyleboarding,whichdoesn'tneedaskatepark.Anysmooth,flatgroundlikeabasketballcourtor

asquarewilldo.TheplaceImostoftengotoistheparkthatgoesalongthebeach.

W:Thenwhatdoyouliketodotostayfit?

M:Iusedtocycleorjogtwiceaweek.Thatwasn'tkeepingmefitenoughthough.NowPvejoinedthegymto

spendtimeswimming.

W:Doyouhaveanyplansforthefuture?

M:PHmissabigcompetitionasI'mrecoveringfromanankleinjury,i'vcbeenaskedtoadvertiseanew

skaicboard,butthat'llhavetowaituntilIgetbackfromtheUSA.First,I'mgoingtheretoseeskateboardcampfbr

children.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

18.Whydidthespeakermaketheappointment?

A.Tovisithisnewneighbour.

B.Tohavehishouseexamined.

C.Toorganizeafamilyouting.

19.WhatdidthespeakerfailtodolastMonday?

A.Calltheexaminerinadvance.

B.Chargethemanforhisservice.

C.Makethepaperworkready.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestinthetalk?

A.Stayingenergeticatalltimes.

B.Alwaysbeingprepared.

C.Neverfearingfailure.

【答案】18.B19.C20.B

【原文】M:TodayIwanttotalkabouttheimportanceofbeingprepared.Thereisafamoussayingthatgoes:uIf

youfailtoprepare,preparetofhil.“【t'sfamousbecauseitissotrue.Letmesharewithyouastorythathappenedto

merecentlythatprovesthis.Overthesummer,Ihadtogetthemainbedroomofmyhouserebuilt.Lastweek,I

organizedforabuildingexaminationfor11o'clockonMonday.Well,at10:55,Iwasstillintheshower.Ihad

forgottenallaboutit!Whentheexaminerknockedonthedoor,Irushedoutoftheshower.However,Ihadn'ttaken

thetimetoupgradeallthepaperwork.Iwastotallyunprepared—nottomentioncompletelyenioarrassed!By

11:05,theexaminerhadleft.Hecouldn'twaitaroundfbrmetogetreadyashewasscheduledforanotherjob

somewhereelse.Imadehimangrybywastinghistime.Unfortunately,Ihadtobookanotherappointment—andI

hadtopaytwice!ThepointIamtryingtomakeis,please,whateveryoudoinlife,alwaysbeprepared!

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

（原創(chuàng)試題）題源:_JAdaptedfromTravelicious

HiddenGems:UnderratedNationalParksWorthExploring

ManytravelersflocktopopularnationalparkslikeYellowstonefortheirfamilyvacationsoradventurous

getaways.However,therearesomelesser-knowngemsthatoftengounnoticeddespitetheirremarkablebeautyand

attractions.

IsleRoyaIeNationalPark

NestledintheheartofLakeSuperior,IsleRoyalerequiresabi（ofefforttoreach,butthejourneyisrewarded

withbreathtakingscenery.Accessibleonlybydailyferries,thisparkseesfarfewervisitorscomparedtolarger

dcs:inationslikeYellowstone.Hikersarctreatedtosightingsofwildlifesuchaswolvesalongthepark'spicturesque

trails.

DryTortugasNationalPark

Situated68milessouthwestoftheFloridaKeys,theDryTortugasisasecluded（偏僻的）islandparkaccessible

onlybyboatorplane.Despiteitssmallsize,itboastsrichhistory,abundantmarinelife,andstunningcoralreefs.At

itscenterstandsFortJefferson,thelargestmasonrystructurein（heWesternHemisphere.

Wrangell-St.EliasNationalPark

Coveringover13.2millionacres,Wrangell-StEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.parksystem.

Remoteandlargelyundeveloped,thisparkchallengesvisitorswithlimitedaccess-onlytworoadsleadintoit.

However,thosewhoventureherearerewardedwithaprofoundconnectiontonatureunparalleledelsewhere.

BigBendNationalPark

Fortravelersseekingatrulyrugged（崎嶇的）experience.BigBendNationalParkisamust-visitdestination.

Renownedforitswhitewaterrafting,camping,andhikingopportunities,thisparkcanbeexcessivelyhotduringthe

summermonths,deterringmanytourists.

Thesehiddengemsofferuniqueexperiencesandbreathtakinglandscapes,makingthemworthycontendersfor

anyadventurer'sbucketlist.

21.WhydoesIsleRoyaleNationalParkreceivefewervisitors?

A.Itislocatedinaremoteareaandisdifficulttoreach.

B.Itlackswildlifeandnaturallandscapes.

C.Ithasnohistoricalorculturalsignificance.

D.Itsclimateisextremelyhot.

22.WhatisDryTortugasNationalParkrenownedfor?

A.Itswhitesandbeaches.B.Itsancientruins.

C.Itsabundantmarinelifeandcoralreefs.D.Itsmountainouslandscapes.

23.Whichnationalparkisparticularlynotableforitsvastsizeandprofoundconnectiontonature?

A.IsleRoyaleNationalParkB.DryTortugasNationalPark

C.BigBendNationalParkD.Wrangell-St.EliasNationalPark

【答案】21.A22.C23.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇文章主要介紹了美國幾個著名國家公園的特點。作者首先提到了IsleRoyale

NationalPark,指出它位于蘇必利爾湖中，需要乘坐渡輪才能到達(dá)，因此游客相對較少。接著介紹了Dry

TortugasNationalPark,強(qiáng)調(diào)了它豐富的海洋生物和壯麗的珊瑚碓。最后，提及了Wrangell-SlEliasNational

Park,強(qiáng)調(diào)了其作為美國公園系統(tǒng)中最大的公園，以及其偏遠(yuǎn)、未開發(fā)的特點，給游客提供了與自然深刻連

接的機(jī)會。

[211解析】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)文章中的描述:"IsleRoyaleNationalPark,nestledinLakeSuperior,canonlybe

accessedbydailyferries,deterringmanytouristscomparedtolargerparks.”可推斷出，該公園位于蘇必利爾湖

中，只能通過每日渡輪才能進(jìn)入，這相比較于更大的公園，使得許多游客望而卻步。因此，答案選項A正

確。

[22解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章直接提到:"DryTortugasNationalParkisrenownedforitsrichmarinelifeand

stunningcoralreefs,makingitano:ableattractiondespiteitssmallsize.”這清楚地說明了該公園以其豐富的海

洋生物和令人驚嘆的珊瑚礁而聞名，支持答案選項C為正確答案。

[23解析】推斷判斷題。文章指出：“WrangeU-StEliasNationalParkisthelargestintheentireU.S.parksystem,

coveringover13.2millionacres.Itisdescribedasremoteandlargelyundeveloped,offeringvisitorsaprofound

connectiontonature"這表明了其龐大的規(guī)模和偏遠(yuǎn)、未開發(fā)的特點為游客提供了與自然深刻連接的機(jī)會。

因此，答案選項D正確。

B

Istarteda“questionoftheday“sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviesto

politics.ButdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwas

tooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We'dsharedlaughs,

encouragement,andfunnymemes（表情包）.Ittookonlyoneconversation—whichIwasinthemiddleof—to

endit.

IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Beforesmartphonesenabled

instantcommunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inperson,ycucouldcutina“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?”

tocouectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutofhand.Don'tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgrouptext.Itmakesme

feelconnectedtopeopleinawaythatIjustcan'tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.

\'mlearning,butIhadarelapse（復(fù)發(fā)）recently.Ijoinedanewtextgroup.1introducedmy“questionofthe

day“feature.Ifooledmyselfintothinkingthatiwasencouragingahealthydebateoncurrentevents.No.Othersin

thegroupsawi（asmetryingtoprovethatmywaywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsome

personalinformationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthis

friendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch—nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit—inperson.That's

whenhetoldmeI'dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn'ttoldanyoneelse.Iapologizedplentifullyandcame

awayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.

Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowchatIhaveavoidedmakingafewpoints

thatIwastempted（鼓動）tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insomecases,Ididn'tevenrespond.Ihaven'tlost

anymoreconnectionsbydoing（his.

24.Howdocstheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics.B.Byrespondingtosometextmessages.

C.Bypresentingapersonalexperience.D.Bystartingafunnyconversation.

25.Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalcommunication?

A.Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers.B.Makingquickandsharpresponses.

C.Failingtoexpresshimselftimely.D.Focusingontheissuesofhisown.

26.Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?

A.Hegaveawaytheprivacycfhisfriend.

B.Healwaysmademistakesoncurrentevents.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.

D.Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.

27.Whatdocstheauthorlearnfronhisexperience?

A.Hurrymakeswaste.B.Understandingeachotherisvital.

C.Sometimesfastisjusttoofast.D.Trustisthebridgeofcommunication.

【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過個人經(jīng)歷反思了智能手機(jī)和即時通訊帶來的溝通問題，特別是在群

聊中容易引發(fā)誤解和沖突，了解到自己的不當(dāng)行為對他人造成的影響，進(jìn)而決定改變自己在短信交流中的

方式，更加謹(jǐn)慎地對待信息分享和回應(yīng)速度，以維護(hù)人際關(guān)系和促進(jìn)有效的溝通。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的"1starteda“questionoftheday^^sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabout

everythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswere

judgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.（我在一個家庭短信群里開

了一個，，每日問題，，版塊。我們無所不談，從電影到政治。但是，盡管我的親人多次警告我，說我的一些回復(fù)

帶有評判性，而且我太急「攻擊別人的觀點，我還是差點取消了那條群發(fā)短信。）”和第二段“IrealizedthatI

hadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.（我意識到我有問題了。我的問題的媒介是智能手

機(jī)。戶可知，作者通過個人經(jīng)歷引入了本文的主題。故選C。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反駁一個觀點了）”和倒數(shù)第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歌，然后離開了談話，下定決心放慢我發(fā)短信的速度。戶可知，作者的問題是在群組討論中，急于反駁他

人的觀點，對于分享信息不謹(jǐn)慎等，故選B。

26.推理判斷題。結(jié)合第三段的"ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthatonefriendhad

toldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch

—nottermsofkindword.（然后我犯了一個錯誤，分享了一個朋友在電話中告訴我的一些個人信息。我以為

每個人都知道。然后這個朋友開始說我是告密者——這可不是什么好話。）”可知，作者的一位朋友在群組中

攻擊作者，是因為作者在群里說出了他和朋友之間私下交流的內(nèi)容，故選A。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反駁一個觀點了）”和倒數(shù)第二段

的“Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三

道歉，然后離開了談話，下定決心放慢我發(fā)短信的速度。戶可知.作者通過在?次家庭群聊中的經(jīng)歷意識到

自己的問題在于急于反駁他人的觀點，因此作者從他的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的是有時候就是太快了，故選C。

C

Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsofyears.sUndingonthe

shouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobe

reinventedeach（imetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?

AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsroots

inearliestchildhood.44It'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoour

observation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesarcimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesacultural

transferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations5efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhuman

beings,“saysMarkusPaulus.

Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabies

cameintothelabforthefirst（imeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.

Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.The

long-termstudyshowed（hatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinceraciionswithhersix-month-oldchildand

themoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageofl8months.

Paulus'researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildren

successfullylearnvariousskills,suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage.uThisinteraction

isthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,vsaysPaulus.

“Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,

particularlyourcaregiversduringovrearliestchildhood,''saysPaulus.''Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherand

passonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinvented

again.M

28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?

A.Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels.B.Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.

C.Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.

29.WhatcanweleamaboutPaulus5research?

A.Children'simitationwasrecordedbymothers.

B.Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren'simitation.

C.Children'sabilitywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.

D.Eflectiveinteractionpromotedchildren'sdevelopment.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nucleus”meaninparagraph4?

A.Core.B.Result.C.Aim.D.Content.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeihcbesttitlefbrthetext?

A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter?B.HowtoInteractwithChildren?

C.Imitation:TheEngineofEvolutionD.CulturalLearning:TheRootofImitation

【答案】28.D29.D30.A31.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了模仿對于人際互動，學(xué)習(xí)和人類文明演進(jìn)的重要性。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsof

years.standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheels

donothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredocsourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?（我

們通過幾千年積累的知識來了解世界。站在偉人的肩膀上，我們不必經(jīng)歷無盡的嘗試和錯誤，就像汽車的

輪子不必每次都重新發(fā)明一樣。但是我們向別人學(xué)習(xí)的能力從何而來呢？戶和第二段"It'sgenerallyassumed

thatchildren'sabilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausethey

themselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesacjlturaltransferofknowledge,which,through

generations5efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings（人們通常認(rèn)為孩了?的模仿能力是天

生.的，但根據(jù)我們的觀察，孩子模仿是因為他們自己被照顧者模仿。這種相互作用使知識的文化轉(zhuǎn)移成為

可能，通過幾代人的努力，知識的文化轉(zhuǎn)移最終導(dǎo)致了人類的發(fā)展）“可推知，作者提到輪子的例子是為了強(qiáng)

調(diào)先前知識的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我們不必再重新進(jìn)行研究和試驗。故選D。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"The'ong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractions

withhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreater（hechild'soverallabilitywasat

theageofl8months.（這項長期研究表明，母親在與6個月大的孩子互動時越敏感，她模仿孩子的次數(shù)越多，

孩子在18個月大時的整體能力就越強(qiáng)戶可知，Paulus的研究表明，媽媽越頻繁地模仿孩子，孩子的發(fā)育水

平越好。因此可知，有效的互動促進(jìn)了孩子們的發(fā)展。故選D。

30.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞bJ^4toflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman^nf^n,這

種相互作用最終導(dǎo)致了人類進(jìn)化的成功，說明是學(xué)習(xí)的核心，故劃線詞意思是“核心故選A。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后,段'"'Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedinthe

imi:ationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,''saysPaulus."Throughthis,welearn

fromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobe

constantlyinventedagain.”(“文化學(xué)習(xí)是人類進(jìn)化的重要組成部分，它植根于對他人的模仿，尤其是我們童年

早期的照顧者，”保盧斯說?！巴ㄟ^這種方式，我們相互學(xué)習(xí)，并將知識傳授給下一代，因此某些動作或技術(shù)

不必不斷地重新發(fā)明。結(jié)合文章主要講述了模仿在人類進(jìn)化中的重要性，強(qiáng)調(diào)了模仿對「人類進(jìn)化的推

動作用。因此，最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“模仿：進(jìn)化的引擎故選C。

D

Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeonscantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificialintelligence,enablingthemto

solvedifficulttasksthatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorizedthatpigeonsemploya

problem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartotheapproachusedinAImodels

butdiffersfromhumans'relianceonselectiveattentionandruleuse.Toexamineit,BrandonTurner,apsychology

professorattheOhioSlateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesconducted(henewstudy.

Inthestudy,(hepigeonswerepresentedwithvariousvisualimages,includinglinesofdifferentwidthsand

angles,anddifferenttypesofrings.Thepigeonshadtopeck(啄jabuttonontherightorlefttoindicatethe

categorytowhichtheimagebelonged.Iftheygotitcorrect,theyreceivedfood;iftheywerewrong,theyreceived

nothing.Resultsshowedthat,throughtrialanderror,thepigeonsimprovedtheiraccuracyincategorizationtasks,

increasingtheircorrectchoicesfromabout55%to95%.

Researchersbelievedpigeonsusedassociativelearning,whichislinkingtwophenomenawitheachother.For

example,itiseasytounderstandthelink.between“water"and“wet".“Associativelearningisfrequentlyassumed

tobefartooprimitiveto.explaincomplexvisualcategorizationlikewhatwesawthepigeonsdo,“Turnersaid.But

thafsexactlywhattheresearchersfound.

Theresearchers'AImodeltackledthesametasksusingjustthetwosimplemechanismsthatpigeonswere

assumedtouse:associativelearninganderrorcorrection.And,likethepigeons,theAImodellearnedtomakethe

rightpredictionstosignificantlyincreasethenumberofcorrectanswers.Forhumans,thechallengewhengiven

taskslikethosegiventopigeonsisthattheywouldtrytocomeupwithrulesthatcouldmakethetaskeasier.Butin

thiscase,therewerenorules,whichupsetshumans.

What'sinteresting,though,istliatpigeonsusethismethodoflearningthatisverysimilartoAIdesignedby

humans,Turnersaid."Wecelebratehowsmartwearcthatwedesignedartificialintelligence:atthesametime,we

regardpigeonsasnotcleveranimals/'hesaid.

32.Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?

A.Totestatheory.B.Toevaluateamodel.

C.lbemployastrategy.D.Toinvolveanapproach.

33.Whatwerethepigeonsexpectedtodointheexperiment?

A.Drawcircles.B.Correcterrors.C.Copygestures.D.Identifyimages.

34.WhatdopigeonsandAIhaveincommonaccordingtothestudy?

A.Theyareofequalintelligence.

B.Theyaregoodatmakingrules.

C.Theyrespondrapidlytoordersfromhumans.

D.Theyemploysimplewaystogetthingsdone.

35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitletorthetext?

A.PigeonsTtrial-and-errormethodisrevealed

B.Pigeonsoutperformhumansintoughtasks

C.”Notsmart^^pigeonsmaybeassmartasAI

D.AImodelsafterpigeons'learningapproach

【答案】32.A33.D34.D35.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項新的研究，該研究揭示了鴿子在某些問題解決上的能力與人工智

能相似，并通過實驗驗證了這一觀點。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeons(鴿子)cantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificial

intelligence,enablingthemtosolvedifficulttasks(hatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorized

thatpigeonsemployaproblem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartothe

approachusedinAImodelsbutdilTersfromhumans'relianceonselectiveatte