專題11 閱讀理解記敘文、新聞報道-2020-2024年五年高考英語真題分類匯編（全國版）（解析版）

2020-2024年五年高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1【好題匯編】五年（2020-2024）高考英語真題分類匯編（全國通用）解析版專題11閱讀理解記敘文、新聞報道考點五年考情（2020-2024）命題趨勢考點1人與自我類記敘文（5年6考）2023全國甲卷—DIY成為女性新寵;2023全國甲卷改錯the改為a;2023全國乙卷—風(fēng)景攝影師趣聞;2023浙江1月卷—家中零浪費生活方式；2022新課標II卷—記者生活趣事；2022天津卷—接納自己才能成長；2022浙江6月卷—工作中學(xué)會接納自己；2021浙江6月卷—演員演藝生涯；2020新課標卷—逆境完成學(xué)業(yè)樹榜樣；1.高考英語閱讀理解中的記敘類文章一般包括人物傳記、哲理故事等。人物傳記類文章描述某個人的生平事跡，奮斗歷程；哲理故事類文章通過一個小故事，說明一個道理。2.從命題上看，記敘文閱讀理解以細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題為主，以觀點態(tài)度題、寫作意圖題、詞義猜測題和代詞指代題為輔。3.英語記敘文以描寫敘述為主，主要描寫人物、事件、地點或過程。其特點是：主題往往隱藏在字里行間，沒有直接地表達出來；文章主旨要通過任務(wù)事件來提煉。4.故事類文章的作者通常會試圖傳達某些道理、感悟或者教訓(xùn)，而這些往往會通過主要人物在面對沖突、解決困難或問題時的表現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)出來。抓三大要素一人物、沖突、問題解決。5.作為新聞類文章的靈魂，導(dǎo)語為我們提供了豐富的解題線索。研讀的時候我們不能錯過任何一個細節(jié)，重點甄別who、what、when、where、why、how六要素的信息點，了解新聞的主要內(nèi)容。考點2人與社會類記敘文（5年3考）2022全國甲卷—悉尼發(fā)展遇到的問題;2022全國乙卷—書評;2020新課標卷—書評;2020北京卷—科學(xué)家古為今用?？键c3人與自然類記敘文（5年2考）2024新課標I卷—中醫(yī)針灸治療動物；2023新課標II卷—學(xué)校科學(xué)項目；2022北京卷—保護自然活動治愈自己；2021浙江6月卷—把大自然推銷給孩子。考點4新聞報道類閱讀（5年3考）2024新課標II卷—創(chuàng)新打印吸引顧客；2023浙江1月卷—一款電腦辯論程序；2020全國III卷—影視作品使用動物；2020全國III卷—英國多世同堂現(xiàn)象?？键c1人與自我類記敘文【2023全國甲卷】TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“I’msureIwasn’tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksanditwasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A.Anartist. B.Awinner. C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.25.WhydidTerri’sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?A.Forabirthdaygift. B.Asatreatforherwork.C.TosupportherDIYprojects. D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore. B.Byfurnishingitherself.C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate. D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.27.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?A.Itisbecomingmorecostly. B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry. D.Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了一位DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能以及DIY項目可能會在女性群體中變成一種潮流趨勢。24.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段畫線短語下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(她擅長擺架子和拼接家具，從不付錢給別人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此處指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C項“Aspecialist(一位專業(yè)人員)”最接近畫線短語“adabhand”的意思。故選C。25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.(她將這些技能歸功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商DerekLloyd。從六歲起，現(xiàn)年26歲的Terri就在學(xué)校放假期間陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英鎊零花錢的獎勵)”以及“Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.(這花了幾個星期的時間，是一項艱苦的工作，但我知道他為我的技能感到驕傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天給她5英鎊是作為對她的工作的鼓勵。故選B。26.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.(所以，當(dāng)我搬出去時，知道如何掩蓋漏洞并重新粉刷房間以避免任何費用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通過粉飾房間，讓它看起來像以前一樣，來避免被扣除租房的押金的。故選A。27.細節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge(研究表明，現(xiàn)在是女性主導(dǎo)了這項運動)”可知，研究表明，DIY將在女性中越來越受歡迎。故選D。【2023全國乙卷】LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(風(fēng)景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.24.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers. B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions. D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.25.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement. B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit. D.Distinctivestyles.26.WhatcanweinferfromtheauthortripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.27.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing. B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名風(fēng)景攝影師，在攝影途中發(fā)生的一些所見所聞。24.細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.(我傾向于和幾個朋友一起去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險，沿途拍照)”可知，作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B。25.推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準備和管理我的時間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認為，風(fēng)景攝影成功的關(guān)鍵是適當(dāng)?shù)臅r間管理。故選A。26.推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.(然而，我們沒有標出路線，所以我們幾乎完全錯過了日落)”可推知，作者在與朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到達拍攝地點的時間比預(yù)期的要晚。故選C。27.推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌M管如果我能明智地準備和管理我的時間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認為自己在魔鬼湖拍攝的照片是令人滿意的。故選B。【2022新課標II卷】Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A.Providedshelterforme. B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme. D.Workedquitewellonme.25.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A.Hetookitforatabletcomputer. B.Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C.Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa. D.Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.26.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A.Sociallyambitious. B.Physicallyattractive.C.Financiallyindependent. D.Digitallycompetent.27.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A.Helacksexperienceinhisjob. B.Heseldomappearsontelevision.C.Hemanagesavideodepartment. D.Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?4.B。詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及畫線詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個講故事的新時代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒有意識到它是新的。對他們來說，這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認識到了這一點。故畫線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。25.A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實上，他對書本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開心，當(dāng)你戳它們的時候，這些圖片就會變得栩栩如生。他認為我的故事書就是那樣的)”可知，那孩子戳故事書是因為他把它當(dāng)成了平板電腦。故選A。26.D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但從數(shù)字角度來說，我還沒有毫無希望的挑戰(zhàn)。我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站)”可知，作者認為自己懂?dāng)?shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D。27.B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒體體驗中有一個明顯的差距：我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因為我的臉是為電臺而生的)”可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B?！?022天津卷】I’man18-year-oldpre-medicalstudent,tallandgood-looking,withtwoshortstorybooksandquiteanumberofessaysmycredit.WhyamIsingingsuchpraisesofmyself?Justtoexplainthatheattainmentofself-pridecomesfromagreatdealofself-love,andtoattainit,onemustfirstlearntoacceptoneselfasoneis.Thatwaswheremystrugglebegan.BornandraisedinAfrica，IhadalwaystakenmyAfricanoriginasburden.Myself-dislikewasfurtherfueledwhenmyfamilyhadtorelocatetoNorway,whereIattendedahighschool.Comparedtoallthewhitegirlsaroundme,withtheirgoldenhairanddelicatelips,I,ablackgirl,hadcurlyhairandfull,redlips.Mynoseoftenhadathinsheetofsweatonit,whatevertheweatherwas.Ijustwantedtoburymyselfinmyshellcrying“I’msodifferent!”Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering(口吃),whichhadweakenedmyself-confidence.Italwaysstoodbetweenmeandanyfineopportunity.I’dtakenitasanexcusetoavoidanypublicspeakingsessions,andunknowinglyletitruleoverme.Fortunately,asIgrewolder,therecameaturningpoint.Onedayawhitegirlcaughtmyeyeontheschoolbuswhenshesuddenlyturnedback.Tomyastonishment,shehadathinsheetofsweatonhernosetoo,anditwasinNovember!“Wow,”Iwhisperedtomyself,“thisisn’tagenetic(遺傳的)disorderafterall.It’sperfectlynormal.”Dayslater,mylifetookan-othertwist(轉(zhuǎn)折).Searchingtheinternetforstutteringcures,IaccidentallylearnedthatsuchfamouspeopleasIsaacNewtonandWinstonChurchillalsostuttered.Iwasgreatlyrelievedandthenanideasuddenlyhitme—ifI’msmart,Ishouldn’tallowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysuccess.Anotherboosttomyself-confidencecamedayslaterasIwaswatchingthenewsaboutOprahWinfrey,thefamoustalkshowhostandwriter—she’sblacktoo!WheneverIthinkofherstoryandmyformerdislikeofmycolor,I’mpracticallyfilledwithshame.Today,I’vegrowntoacceptwhatIamwithpride;itsimplygivesmefeelingofuniqueness.Theideaofself-lovehastakenonawholenewmeaningforme:there’salwayssomethingfantasticaboutus,andwhatwneedtodoislearntoappreciateit.41.Whataffectedtheauthor’sadjustmenttoherschoollifeinNorway!A.Herappearance B.Socialdiscrimination.C.Herchangingemotions. D.TheclimateinNorway.42.Whatdidtheauthor’soccasionalstutteringbringaboutaccordingonParagraph3?A.Herlackofself-confidence. B.Herlossofinterestinschool.C.Herunwillingnesstogreetherclassmates. D.Herdesireforchancestoimproveherself.43.Howdidtheauthorfeelonnoticingthesimilaritybetweenherandnegirlonthebus?A.Blessedandproud. B.Confusedandafraid.C.Amazedandrelieved. D.Shockedandashamed.44.WhatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthecasesofNewtonandChurchill?A.Greatmindsspeakalike. B.Stutteringisnobarriertosuccess.C.Wisdomcountsmorethanhardwork. D.Famouspeoplecan’tlivewiththeirweaknesses.45.Whatcanbestsummarizethemessagecontainedinthepassage?A.Pridecomesbeforeafall. B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Self-acceptanceisbasedontheloveforoneself. D.Self-loveiskeytotheattainmentofself-pride.【答案】41.A42.A43.C44.B45.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述的是作者在非洲長大的經(jīng)歷，在成長的過程中作者意識到一個人要獲得自尊就要首先學(xué)會接受自己本來的面目。41.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第二段“Comparedtoallthewhitegirlsaroundme,withtheirgoldenhairanddelicatelips,I,ablackgirl,hadcurlyhairandfull,redlips.Mynoseoftenhadathinsheetofsweatonit,whatevertheweatherwas.Ijustwantedtoburymyselfinmyshellcrying“I’msodifferent!”(與我周圍所有有著金色頭發(fā)和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一個黑人女孩，有著卷曲的頭發(fā)和飽滿的紅唇。無論天氣如何，我的鼻子上經(jīng)常有一層薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在殼里哭著“我太不一樣了！”)”可知，作者的外表與其他的孩子不同，這使得作者不容易適應(yīng)學(xué)校的生活。故選A項。42.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering(口吃),whichhadweakenedmyself-confidence.(導(dǎo)致我自我厭惡的還有我偶爾的口吃，這削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃導(dǎo)致作者失去了自信。故選A項。43.推理判斷題。文中第四段提到“Tomyastonishment,shehadathinsheetofsweatonhernosetoo,anditwasinNovember!(令我驚訝的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者見到小女孩兒感到很驚訝，根據(jù)句子中““Wow,”Iwhisperedtomyself,“thisisn’tagenetic(遺傳的)disorderafterall.It’sperfectlynormal.”(“哇，”我低聲對自己說，“這畢竟不是遺傳疾病。這很正常?！?”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故選C項。44.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Iwasgreatlyrelievedandthenanideasuddenlyhitme—ifI’msmart,Ishouldn’tallowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysuccess.(我大大地松了一口氣，然后一個想法突然出現(xiàn)在我腦海中——如果我聰明，我不應(yīng)該讓我的口吃阻礙我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意識到口吃不應(yīng)該是自己成功的障礙。故選B項。45.主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Justtoexplainthatheattainmentofself-pridecomesfromagreatdealofself-love,andtoattainit,onemustfirstlearntoacceptoneselfasoneis.Thatwaswheremystrugglebegan.(只是為了解釋他獲得自尊來自大量的自愛，而要獲得它，一個人必須首先學(xué)會接受自己的本來面目。這就是我掙扎開始的地方。)”可知，本文要講述的是作者在經(jīng)歷中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自愛。故選D項?！?022浙江6月卷】Pastaandpizzawereoneveryone’slunchmenuinmynativelandofItaly.Everyonewhohadsuchalunchwasfair-skinnedandspokeItalian.Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.Thefoodchoiceswerealmostasdiverseasthestudents.InfrontofmewasanarrayoffoodsIcouldn’tevennameinmynativelanguage.FearingthatIwouldpickoutsomethingawful,Idesperatelytriedtoasktheboyaheadofmeforarecommendation.Unfortunately,betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguage.Althoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.IoftenhadtobeaninterpreterfortheItalian-speakingones.AsIservedtheroleofvitalcommunicationlink,IwasremindedofmydesperatestruggletoconversebeforeIlearnedEnglish.IwatchedwithgreatsympathyaselderlyItalianstriedtoholdaconversationinItalianwithpeoplewhodidnotspeakthelanguage.ItsuddenlybecameverycleartomehowluckyIwastobefluentintwolanguages.InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.InmyEnglishtoItaliantranslations,I’velearnedaboutsocialprogramsthatIdidn’tknowexisted.Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.21.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterenteringschoolinBrooklyn?A.Timepassedquickly. B.Englishwashardtolearn.C.Thefoodwasterrible. D.Peoplewereverydifferent.22.Whodoes“thelittlegirl”inparagraph2referto?A.AnItalianteacher. B.Agovernmentofficial.C.Theauthorherself. D.Theauthor’sclassmate.23.Howdidthesummerjobbenefittheauthor?A.Itstrengthenedherloveforschool. B.Ithelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.C.Itopenedhereyestotherealworld. D.Itmadeherchildhooddreamcometrue.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過三個夏天的工作，開闊了視野，接受真實世界的多樣性，不再是幼兒園里那個害怕的小女孩了。21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三四句“Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.(幾年后，當(dāng)我站在布魯克林一所幼兒園的午餐隊伍里時，我意識到事情不再那么簡單了。我的同學(xué)中有皮膚白皙、藍眼睛大的，也有棕色皮膚、深色頭發(fā)的)”可知，當(dāng)作者去了在Brooklyn的一所學(xué)校之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校里的人不一樣。故選D。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二三句“Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.(過去的三個夏天，我一直在紐約的一家政府機構(gòu)工作。新移民涌入我們的辦公室尋求幫助，就像排隊吃午餐的小女孩一樣)”以及第一段第三句“Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.(幾年后，當(dāng)我站在布魯克林一所幼兒園的午餐隊伍里時，我意識到事情不再那么簡單了)”可知，當(dāng)年的小女孩長大了，在紐約的一家政府機構(gòu)工作，工作環(huán)境讓她想到當(dāng)年自己在幼兒園的午餐隊伍排隊的情境。故選C。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三四五句“Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.(這項工作拓展了我的思維，這是在四面墻的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布魯克林的街道上，我不再對這座城市的聲音和氣味感到困惑。相反，我會享受它的多樣性)”可知，作者三個夏天的工作拓展了思維，開始接受真實世界的多樣性。故選C?！?021浙江6月卷】LeslieNielsen’schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer（職業(yè)）inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn’tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn’tuntil1980-32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen’sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.21.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.22.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.23.WhatdoesNielsen’scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【解析】〖祥解〗本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了LeslieNielsen的演藝生涯。21.細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段“hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting.(他的叔叔，是一位著名的演員。Nielsen的叔叔所贏得的欽佩和尊重激勵他走上了演藝事業(yè))”可知，Nielsen想當(dāng)演員的原因是想像他叔叔一樣。故選C項。22.細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.(這部電影使他進入了職業(yè)生涯的后半段，即使影評人對這部電影評價不高，但僅僅憑他的喜劇表演就可以使這部電影獲得經(jīng)濟上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen職業(yè)生涯的后半段，他成了一個成功的喜劇演員。故選D項。23.推理判斷題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章最后一段“Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.(他憑借平凡的努力和決心建立了一個非常成功的事業(yè)。他告訴我們，即使是只有一個愿望，永不放棄，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷告訴我們：有志者事竟成。故選D項?！?020新課標卷】JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學(xué)費),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.24.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.25.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.26.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.27.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學(xué)教育的情況下，通過自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學(xué)位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵。24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來支付她的學(xué)費，因為家里沒有額外的錢用來支付大學(xué)教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學(xué)教學(xué)，因為家里沒有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了大學(xué))符合以上說法，故選C項。25.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項目，因為她可以在離家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項目是因為離家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項。26.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissing