2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3Familymatters泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成學(xué)案外研版必修第一冊

PAGEUnit3Familymatters依據(jù)P32－33教材課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．AlistairBrownleehadtobepushedbyothersintherace.B．Jonnywasfasterthanhisbrotherbeforefallingdown.C．Itwasextremelyhotthedaythetriathlonwasheld.D．Alistairfoundithardtochoosewhethertohelphisbrotherornot.2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Alistairwasthefirstcrossingthefinishline.B．JonnypushedAlistairoverthefinishline.C．AlistairhelpedJonnywinthesecondplace.D．Alistairwasproudofhisownmove.3．WhydoesAlistairthinkthathavingabrotheris“anadvantage”？A．Becausehecan'tleavehisbrotherwhentheytrain.B．Becausehelikesarguingwithhisbrotheroverstupidthings.C．Becausehisbrothersetshimagoodexampletolearnfrom.D．Becausehisbrothercanbringhimpositiveforceineverything.4．FromAlistair'sexplanationforhisdecision，weknowthat.A．AlistairisafraidofhismotherB．AlistairreallytreatshimselfasabrotherC．Alistair'smotherloveshisbothermorethanhimD．Alistairdoesn'tlikeothers'opinionsonhisactions5．Thetextmainlytellsus.A．people'sdifferentopinionsabouttheBrownleebrothersB．loveandcompetitionareequallyimportantinthematchC．thevalueofbrotherlyloveD．loveisprecious[答案]1－5BDDBCWordsAndPhrases學(xué)問要點1aimv．力求達(dá)到；瞄準(zhǔn)；對準(zhǔn)；旨在n.目標(biāo)，目的(教材原句P31)Itaimstodeepenpeople'sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.其旨在加深人們對家庭相關(guān)事情的理解。[例1]HewenttoShanghaiwiththeaimoffindingajob.他去上海的目的是找工作。[例2]Theprojectaimstoeducateandpreparestudentsforachallengingcareer.這個項目旨在教化學(xué)生使其為一個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的職業(yè)做好打算。[翻譯]開火之前細(xì)致瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)。Takecarefulaimbeforefiring.[學(xué)問拓展](1)takeaimatsth. 瞄準(zhǔn)……；對準(zhǔn)……withtheaimof... 目的是……(2)aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth. 瞄準(zhǔn)，對準(zhǔn)；旨在(做)某事aimtodosth. 目標(biāo)是做某事(3)aimlessadj. 無目標(biāo)的；無支配的aimlesslyadv. 漫無目的地[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Tomtookaimatthebearandfired.Fortunately，thebearwasjustfrightenedandescapedsoon.②I'maimingtolose(lose)5kgbeforethesummerholidays.③Don'targueaimlessly(aim)．Let'ssitdownandtalkthingsover.④They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.學(xué)問要點2(教材原句P31)Withadifferentthemeeachyear，thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganisedatlocal，nationalandinternationallevels.一年一個主題，人們實行很多當(dāng)?shù)氐?、全國性的乃至國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的活動來慶祝這一天。(1)observev．慶祝，過(節(jié)日、生日等)；視察；留意到；遵守[例1]ThanksgivingDayisobservedasageneralholidaybytheAmericanpeople.感恩節(jié)是美國人普遍慶祝的節(jié)日。[例2]Theteacherstoodatthecorner，observingthebehaviourofeverystudent.老師站在角落里視察每個學(xué)生的行為。[翻譯]你出國時應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。Youshouldobservethelocalcustomwhenyougoabroad.[學(xué)問拓展]observesb.dosth. 視察某人做某事(全過程)observesb.doingsth. 留意到某人正在做某事[名師點津]和observe類似，后面可接動詞原形、現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的感官動詞(短語)有：一感覺feel；二聽listento，hear；三使let，make，have；五看lookat，see，watch，notice，observe。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Sheobservedamanwalking(walk)ontheoppositesideoftheway.②Theywereobservedtoenter(enter)theblank.(2)rangen．一系列；范圍；射程；山脈vi.改變[例1]Readingshouldbeapleasure，sothetextsshouldbewithinyourrange.閱讀是一種樂趣，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)在你的實力范圍之內(nèi)。[例2]Itisoneofthemostdifficultpeakstoclimbinthewholerange.在整個山脈中，這是最難攀登的山峰之一。[翻譯]我們等著敵人進(jìn)入我們的射程。Wewaiteduntiltheenemywithinrange.[學(xué)問拓展]awiderangeof 一系列的；大范圍的beyond/outofrange 超出……的范圍rangefrom...to... 在……和……之間改變[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空③Thestudenthasawiderangeofinterests.④Thepricesofthedollsrangefrom$5to$100.⑤Histheorywasbeyondrangeofhumanunderstandingatthattime.學(xué)問要點3apologisev．致歉(教材原句P31)Later，onthephonesheapologisedandexplainedthatshewasbusywithworkbecausesomeonewasoffsick.后來，她在電話里致歉并說明說，她工作很忙是因為有人請了病假。[例1]Ifyou'relate，youshouldapologise.假如你遲到了，你應(yīng)當(dāng)致歉。[例2]Iapologisedforlosingmytemper.我致歉我不應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)脾氣。[翻譯]特別對不起，我真心致歉。I'msosorry，Idoapologise.[學(xué)問拓展](1)apologisevi. 致歉apologiseforsth. 因某事致歉apologisetosb.for(doing)sth. 因(做了)某事向某人致歉(2)apologyn. 致歉，謝罪accept/refuseanapology 接受/拒絕致歉demandanapology 要求致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.＝offer/givesb.anapologyfor(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而向某人致歉[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotbeingabletoinformmeofthechangeintheplan.②I'mafraidshe'sstillangryandrefusestoaccept(accept)myapology.③Imadeanapologytoherforsteppingonherfoot.學(xué)問要點4admirev．敬佩，贊美，艷羨[例1]MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeelencouragedbyhiscompliments.同桌特別艷羨我流利的英語，我常常被他的贊美所鼓舞。[例2]WhenIwasyoung，Iadmiredcleverpeople.NowthatIamold，Iadmirekindpeople.少時喜愛聰慧人，老來喜愛仁厚人。[造句]中國和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這時人們會賞月。在中國，人們還品嘗月餅。BothChinaandJapanhaveMid-AutumnFestivals，whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina，enjoymooncakes.[學(xué)問拓展](1)admiresb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而敬佩某人(2)admirationn. 敬佩；艷羨with/inadmiration 敬佩地(3)admirableadj. 可敬佩的；值得贊許的；令人艷羨[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Weadmiretheoldscientistforhisgreatcontributiontohiscountry.②I'dliketoexpressmyadmiration(admire)forhiscourageanduncomplainingspiritofthefirefighters.③Hisbraveryisadmirable(admire)sowealllikehim.學(xué)問要點5judgev．認(rèn)為，推斷n.裁判員；法官[例1]Whenweplaytabletennis，weshouldjudgethedirectionoftheball，andhititbackwithgreatstrength.打乒乓球時，我們須要推斷球的方向，并用力把它打回去。[例2]Iaminnopositiontojudgewhetherwhatsheisdoingisrightorwrong.我無權(quán)評判她在做的事是對還是錯。[造句]我認(rèn)為他四十歲左右。Ijudgedhimtobeaboutforty.[學(xué)問拓展](1)judgesb./sth.by/from 通過……推斷……asfarasIcanjudge 據(jù)我推斷(2)judgingfrom/by... 從……來看；依據(jù)……推斷[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Astheoldsayinggoes，“Youcan'tjudgeabookby/fromitscover.”②Judging(judge)fromherlastletter，theyarehavingawonderfultime.③據(jù)我推斷，李明更牢靠。AsfarasIcanjudge，LiMingismorereliable.學(xué)問要點6settlev．使定居；安靜；安定；解決；和解，結(jié)束(爭辯)；安家；定居；停留[例1]Withtheproblemsettled，hewenthomehappily.問題解決了，他興奮地回家了。[例2]ManyJewishpeoplesettledintheLowerEastSide.很多猶太人在下東區(qū)定居。[造句]孩子們靜下來后，布朗小姐給他們發(fā)新的故事書。Whenthechildrenhadsettled，MissBrowngaveoutthenewreadingbooks.[學(xué)問拓展](1)settlefor 牽強(qiáng)接受，將就settlein/into 安排下來；習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)settledown (使)安定；定居settledowntosth. 著手細(xì)致做某事(2)settlementn. 解決；定居settlern. 移居者；殖民者[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①M(fèi)r.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettledown，getmarried，andhavekids.②Havingsettledin/intoabeautifulvillage，hesettleddowntohisresearch.③Herefusedtosettleforanythingthatwassecondbest.學(xué)問要點7detailn．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，微小之處vt.詳述，具體說明(教材原句P32)Featuresarewritteninanindividualstyle，withextradetailandbackground.特寫是用一種獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格寫的，帶有額外的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)和背景。[例1]Dadplannedourvacationdowntothesmallestdetail.爸爸把我們度假的事情支配得極為細(xì)致周到。[例2]Thebrochuredetailsallthehotelsintheareaandtheirfacilities.這本小冊子具體介紹了這個地區(qū)全部的旅館及其設(shè)施。[造句]今日的報紙具體報道了這起謀殺案。Today'snewspapergivesallthedetailsofthemurder.[學(xué)問拓展](1)indetail 具體地gointodetail(s) 詳述forfurtherdetails 欲知詳情(2)detailedadj. 具體的；詳盡的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Youdon'thavetowritedowneverythingindetail.②Somebuildingsareknownfortheirartisticbeauty，somefortheirdetailed(detail)design，andothersfortheirarchitects'imagination.③簡要地告知我所發(fā)生的事情，不要詳述。Tellmewhathappenedinafewwords，anddon'tgointodetail(s)．學(xué)問要點8containvt.包含，含有；容納(教材原句P32)Themiddlepartcontainsthe“meat”ofthestory，withtheendingbeingasummary，apowerfulquoteorevenasurpriseforthereader.中間部分是故事的“肉”，結(jié)尾是一個總結(jié)，一句有力的引言，甚至是給讀者的一個驚喜。[例1]Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.這本書包含你所需的一切信息。[例2]Thehallcancontain3,000people.這個大廳能容納3000人。[造句]聽到這個消息，我抑制不住我的興奮。WhenIheardthenews，Icouldnotcontainmyexcitement.[學(xué)問拓展](1)contain“包含，含有”，側(cè)重于“整體內(nèi)有”，指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物，不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。(2)include“包括”，側(cè)重于被包含者只是整體中的一部分。include常以including(名詞/代詞前)或included(名詞/代詞后)的形式出現(xiàn)。[即學(xué)即練]選詞填空(contain/include)①Therearethreeboxesintheroom，includingaredone，whichcontainstenbooks.②Thiskindoffruitcontainslotsofvitamins，vitaminDincluded.學(xué)問要點9inthelead領(lǐng)先(教材原句P32)Withjust700metrestogo，AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，wasinthelead.離終點只有700米了，阿利斯泰爾·布朗利名列第三，他的弟弟約翰尼領(lǐng)先。[例1]Atfirst，wewereintheleadthroughout，buttheygraduallycaughtupwithus.原來我們始終領(lǐng)先，可是后來他們漸漸趕上來了。[例2]Shewasintheleadduringtherace.她在賽跑中領(lǐng)先。[造句]盡管難受難忍，這位運(yùn)動員還是在整個競賽中處于領(lǐng)先地位，最終贏得了金牌。Despitethepain，theathletewasintheleadthroughouttheentirerace，andfinallywonthegoldmedal.[學(xué)問拓展](1)takethelead(indoingsth.) 帶頭(做某事)playthelead 演主角(2)leadto 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)；通向leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事lead/livea(n)...life 過……樣的生活leadtheway 引路；帶路[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Whatwasitthatledyoutosay(say)that?②IfIcouldrelivemylife，Iwouldleadquiteadifferentlife，leavinglessregrets.③Yourlazinesswillfinallyleadtofailing(fail)theexam.④Shewasintheleadfromstarttofinish.SentencePatterns重點句式1過去分詞(短語)作狀語(教材原句P33)Watchedbymillions，theendingtotheracehasdividedopinions：shouldthebrothershavebeendisqualifiedorhighlypraisedfortheiractions?這場競賽有百萬觀眾收看，人們對競賽結(jié)果存在分歧：是應(yīng)當(dāng)取消兄弟倆的競賽資格，還是對他們的舉動大加贊揚(yáng)？句式分析：過去分詞(短語)作狀語時可以表示讓步、條件、方式、緣由、時間、伴隨，表示方式或伴隨時一般可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列分句，其他狀況下通常可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的狀語從句。[例1]Givenafewminutes，I'llfinishit.再給幾分鐘，我就會完成它。[例2]Askedaboutthematter，shekeptsilent.當(dāng)被問及那件事時，她保持緘默了。[造句]由于被這個故事深深地感動，孩子們哭了起來。Deeplymovedbythestory，thechildrencried.[學(xué)問拓展]過去分詞作狀語時，構(gòu)成分詞的動詞與分詞的邏輯主語之間為動賓關(guān)系，且過去分詞的邏輯主語為句子的主語。[翻譯]①盡管被很多人訕笑，他還是接著他的探討。Laughedatbymanypeople，hecontinuedhisstudy.②那位女士回家了，福爾摩斯先生跟在她后面。Theladyreturnedhome，followedbyMr.Holmes.[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Ordinarysoap，used(use)correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively(有效地)．②Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow，hehadalong，hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.③Ordered(order)overaweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.重點句式2be＋adj.＋動詞不定式(教材原句P33)ButforAlistair，hisdecisionwaseasytoexplain：“Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind.”但對阿利斯泰爾來說，他的確定很簡單說明：“假如我把約翰尼落下，媽媽是不會興奮的?！本涫椒治觯涸摼湫褪恰爸髡Z＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中hisdecision和及物動詞explain構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。在該句型中常常運(yùn)用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。常用于該句型的形容詞多為表示主語性質(zhì)、特征的詞，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting，comfortable等。[例1]Thismachineisveryeasytooperate.這臺機(jī)器很簡單操作。[例2]Thepieceofmusicispleasanttohear.這首樂曲聽起來很悅耳。[造句]早上的簇新空氣呼吸起來真好。Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.[學(xué)問拓展](1)在上面結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞不定式和主語在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系；當(dāng)不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，要加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。(2)不定式有時會帶上自己的邏輯主語。[翻譯]①他很簡單相處。He'seasytogetalongwith.②這個長句對你來說很難記。Thelongsentenceisdifficultforyoutoremember.[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①However，inotherregionsoftheworld，e.g.EasternEurope，waterisnowmostlysafetodrink(drink)．②Thebikewastooheavyanddifficulttocontrol(control)．詞義揣測題可以是對一個單詞的意義的推斷，也可以是對一個短語或句子的意義的推斷；既可以考查生詞的意義，也可以考查熟詞的新意，還可以是對替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的推斷。要做好詞義揣測題，必需嫻熟駕馭《考試大綱》規(guī)定的詞匯，在平常的訓(xùn)練中還要留意積累生詞和短語，駕馭構(gòu)詞法的基本學(xué)問，對于各種前、后綴的改變形式了然于心。還要學(xué)會依據(jù)上下文語意進(jìn)行合理推想。[例題剖析]KyleSchwartz，anewteacheratDoullElem