專題11 語法選擇 解題技巧

語法選擇解題技巧語法選擇：主要考點分布:冠詞、名詞的單復數(shù)、動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、代詞、連詞、介詞、非謂語動詞、同根詞、定語從句、狀語從句和賓語從句等。語法選擇?？颊Z法點1.考冠詞：a/an：第一次提到；泛指；單詞讀音第一個音為元音時（an）,輔音時（a）；固搭；the：第二次提到；特指；固定搭配；playthe+西洋樂器，the+序數(shù)詞；/（不填）：固定搭配；play+球類2.考數(shù)詞：①seven-year-old;two-meter-long;（數(shù)詞做形容詞用法）②fivehundred/thousand/million/billion（具體數(shù)值后面不需要+s）③hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof(表示概數(shù)時用of結(jié)構(gòu))3.考名詞：①主謂一致（名詞單復數(shù)與后面的動詞的形式（三單，原形）保持一致）②可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別，修飾語等twocupsofcoffee/tea4.考代詞：①many+n復數(shù)much+不可數(shù)名詞②anumberof+n復數(shù)agreatamountof/agreatdealof+不可數(shù)名詞③little/alittle/few/afew否定意義：little+不可數(shù)名詞few+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)肯定意義：alittle+不可數(shù)名詞afew+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)④Other/another/theother/others/theothers1）other+名詞復數(shù)another+名詞單數(shù)（表三者或者三者以上另一個）2）others后面不能加名詞others=other+名詞復數(shù)3）one….Theother….一個….另一個…..(兩者之間)some….Others….一些…..另一些……4）other（無范圍）與theother（有范圍）others（無范圍）與theothers（有范圍）⑤不定代詞something、everything、anything、nothing+形容詞⑥人稱代詞1）主語用主格2）動詞/介詞后用賓格；3）空格后有名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞，沒有名詞則用名詞性物主代詞；名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+具體的名詞4）反身代詞?？糴njoyoneself/helpyourself/dressoneself/teachoneself；5.考形容詞/副詞①-ed是修飾人，-ing是修飾事物②形容詞修飾名詞，副詞（一般以ly結(jié)尾）修飾動詞，副詞修飾形容詞③出現(xiàn)than,用比較級④出現(xiàn)as….as結(jié)構(gòu)，用形容詞/副詞原級⑤oneof+adj最高級+n復數(shù)6.考介詞①時間介詞At：用于具體時刻、節(jié)日前，例如：at8:00，atChristmas.固定搭配：atnoon,atnightIn：用于世紀、年、季節(jié)、月份等不具體的時間前，例如：in2011固定搭配：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon:用于具體的某一天，或具體的早上、下午、晚上;星期。ontheafternoonofMay5thonacoldday，onMonday/Tuesday…for/since:后面+一段時間，現(xiàn)在完成時的標志②其它介詞with:與...一起，和...；帶著...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)without:沒有。by+交通工具③介詞+doingafter/beforedoing;indoing;fordoing…7.考連詞but/however：表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；(but后無逗號；however,后須有逗號)so/therefore/thus：表示因果關(guān)系；or：或者、否則之意。and：表示并列關(guān)系；though/although：表示雖然……但是，不能與but連用。all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；none:表示沒有人，用于三者或三者以上（側(cè)重指人，表否定）both...and：表示兩者都；either...or：表示兩者之一（選擇）；neither...nor：表示兩者中沒有一個；either:用于句末，表示兩者的否定too:用于句末，表示兩者的肯定also:用于句中，表示也8.考動詞：一看：有無時態(tài)標志；單復數(shù)標志；二看：空格前有無情態(tài)動詞（情態(tài)動詞+do）、介詞（介詞+Ving）三看：并列結(jié)構(gòu)；有無and/or（如有則觀察and/or前或后的動詞形式，答案選項的形式要與其保持一致）四看：固定搭配，如make/letsbdosth,seesbdo/doingsth等9.考被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)：be(is/are/am/was/were)+done（過去分詞）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：should/must/can/could/may/might……bedone10.考定語從句：跟在名詞/代詞后面，修飾名詞/代詞修飾人：who修飾物：which11.考賓語從句：跟在謂語后面三要素：①引導詞②時態(tài)當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時時，從句可以為任何時態(tài)；當主句為一般過去時時，從句必須用過去時態(tài)；當從句為表示客觀事實，真理時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時；③語序：陳序語序12.考詞性-tion 一般為名詞后綴separation,selection,-ness 一般為名詞后綴calmness-ly 一般為副詞后綴luckily,fortunately,-ful 一般為形容詞后綴careful,-ing/-ed 一般為形容詞后綴-ing形容的是物；-ed形容的是人13.固定搭配pickup 撿起waitfor 等待dealwith 處理thinkof 思考lookahead 向前看，預測未來lookout 小心lookon 冷眼旁觀lookup 仰望；查閱；拜訪bepleasedwith 對….滿意beworriedabout 擔憂/心besatisfiedwith 對….滿意beamazedat 對….驚訝clearaway 清除sendaway 發(fā)送，派遣turnaway 拒絕giveaway 贈送，泄露throwaway 扔掉lookfor 尋找lookup 仰望；查閱；尊敬；拜訪lookback 回顧；回頭看lookout 注意；小心；面朝；照料lookdown 俯視；向下看lookdownupon 看不起lookafter 照顧lookat 看bemadeof... 由……制成（看得見的材料）bemadefrom... 由……制成（看不見的材料）bemadein... 產(chǎn)于/制于某地makeup 構(gòu)成，化妝makeupone’smindtodosth下定決心做某事解題技巧方法一：上下文推斷法根據(jù)上下文的提示或暗示,體驗語境和作者的情感態(tài)度,結(jié)合語法知識,選出符合場景的最佳選項。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sclasswasstudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroom31somekites.

31.A.to B.in C.with D.by例2(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Hetoldthemthatkites32inChinamorethan2,000yearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem...”32.A.invent B.invented C.areinvented D.wereinvented例3(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

34.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest例4(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentand36,“Butterflies.”

36.A.answers B.answered C.willanswer D.hasanswered例5(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,37thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.

37.A.and B.but C.or D.so例6(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytook38kitetotheparkandtestedit.

38.A.a B.an C.the D.\例7(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Judie,canyoutellme40youlikebutterflies?”askedherdad.

Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”40.A.why B.which C.what D.when方法二：句子成分分析法分析句子的各個成分,結(jié)合語法知識,補充句子所缺的成分。語法選擇中?？嫉木渥映煞?謂語(表示做動作的詞)、賓語(動作的承受者)、定語(修飾性質(zhì)的詞)、狀語(時間、地點、原因、結(jié)果、目的、條件等)。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she例2(2020年廣州卷節(jié)選)Thechildrenholdtheirbookscloseastheysaygood-byeandrunhome12.Davidandhisdonkeysheadback,overandaroundthehills,andintothesunset.

12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.morecheerful方法三：固定搭配結(jié)合上下文并利用動詞短語、介詞短語、常用句型的固定搭配來直接選擇答案。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyou33akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou…

33.A.make B.tomake C.making D.made例2(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Wow!”shecriedproudly.“39highmybutterflyflies!”

39.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How易錯點1如何判斷形容詞或副詞的比較等級(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

A.good B.better C.best D.thebest易錯點2如何區(qū)分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

A.her B.herself C.hers D.she方法四：復習方法1.復習《義務(wù)教育英語課程標準》(2011年版)中的各個語法點并能掌握和熟練運用各語法點的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和基本規(guī)則。2.平時多積累,多閱讀文章和對話,領(lǐng)悟文章、對話中句子與句子之間的關(guān)系,把握段落之間的關(guān)系,并理解整篇文章、對話的大致內(nèi)容以及上下文邏輯關(guān)系,不斷形成英語的語感,這樣做起題目來會更加得心應手。3.加強練習,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)并掌握該類題目的規(guī)律,對自己不熟悉的、容易錯的語法知識抓緊時間查漏補缺。訓練自己的邏輯思維,并提高做題的準確性。一閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項Everyoneuseshisorherownspecialwords1hisorherideasandfeelings.Someoftheseexpressionsare2usedformanyyears.3arepopularforjustashorttime.SuchanAmericanexpressionis“Whereisthebeef?”It4whensomethingisnotasgoodasitissaidtobe.5,“Whereisthebeef?”wasoneof6expressionsintheUnitedStates.It7asifeveryonewasusingitatthattime.Weallknow“McDonald’s”wasfamousforahamburgermade8beef.Whensomebusinessmensawit,theyopenedtheirownhamburgerrestaurants.Onecompany9“Wendy”saiditshamburgerswerebiggerthan10soldbyMcDonald’soranyoneelse’s.Thecompanybegantousetheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”tomakepeople11thatWendy’shamburgerswerethebiggest.Thetelevisionshowedthreeoldwomeneatinghamburgers.Thebread12coveredthemeatwasverybig,butinsidetherewasonly13meat.Oneofthewomensaidshewouldnoteatahamburgerwithsuchalittlepieceofbeef.“Whereisthebeef?”Sheshouted14afunnyway.TheideaforWendy’shamburgerrestaurantwasa15.Aswesaid,itseemedeveryonebeganusingtheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”1.A.shows B.toshow C.showing D.show2.A.common B.commonly C.incommon D.commons3.A.Other B.Theother C.Others D.Another4.A.using B.used C.isused D.uses5.A.Intheearly1980s B.Inearly1980s C.Intheearly1980 D.Atearly1980s6.A.popular B.morepopular C.mostpopular D.themostpopular7.A.seemed B.seems C.isseemed D.seem8.A.of B.from C.by D.in9.A.calls B.calling C.called D.call10.A.this B.that C.these D.those11.A.know B.knows C.knowing D.knew12.A.who B.whose C.which D.what13.A.afew B.much C.alotof D.abitof14.A.with B.at C.in D.by15.A.succeed B.success C.successful D.successfully二語法選擇閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1-15小題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出一個最佳選項Many,manyyearsagomostpeopledidnothavebeautifulbooks.Somefamiliesdidnothavebooksatall.Thepeople____1_____didhavebookshadonlyafew.Insteadof____2_____books,peopletoldstories.Theywouldrememberthings____3_____happenedtothemandwouldretellthesetalestofriends.Somestoriesyoureadinbookstoday____4_____tochildrenmanyyearsagobytheirfathersandmothers.____5_____thosegirlsandboysgrewup,they,inturn,toldtheirchildrenthesametales.Sometimesthestorieschangedasonemantold____6_____.Thatiswhytodaytherearedifferentbeginningsanddifferentendingstothesamefolktales.You____7_____differentnamesforallkindsofcharactersinthedifferentversions(版本)ofthetales.Inthiswaythestoriesalmostseem____8_____differentonesandnotyourfavoritetalesatall.Somepeople_____9____stories.Theywouldsuppose____10_____thingswhichhadhappenedcouldnotreallyhavehappened.Suchpeoplebecame____11_____asstorytellers.Inmanyofthetales,animalsdidthetalking.Inothers,goodmencametohelpbadmen.Strange,excitingthings____12_____.Thedifferentideasmadeinterestingstories.Someoftheearlytales,___13______themMotherGooseversesweretoldinrhyme.Thepoemswerelearnedbyboysandgirlsathomeandatschool.WhatMotherGooserhymesdoyouknowandremember?Doyouthinktherewas_____14____aMotherGoose?MotherGoosestoriesandrhymesare____15_____goodonesthatwereadandenjoythemtoday,yearsaftertheywerefirsttold.1.A.which B.whom C.who D.when2.A.read B.toread C.reads D.reading3.A.who B.that C.what D.where4.A.tell B.told C.wastold D.weretold5.A.When B.Though C.While D.Which6.A.other B.another C.theother D.theothers7.A.evenfind B.evenfound C.willevenfind D.wouldevenfind8.A.is B.are C.willbe D.tobe9.A.madein B.madeup C.madeof D.madefrom10.A.that B.what C.when D.where11.A.know B.knew C.known D.toknow12.A.happen B.happened C.arehappened D.werehappened13.A.in B.of C.among D.between14.A.real B.really C.tobereal D.tobereally15.A.such B.so C.sucha D.somany三語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thetraditionofbirthdaypartiesstartedalongtimeago.Therearesometraditions1youcanfindalmostanywhere,anytime,such2sendingbirthdaycards,3outthecandlesonabirthdaycakeandsingingthe‘HappyBirthday’song.Othersareonly4forcertainagesandincertaincountries.InChina,5achild’ssecondbirthday,familymembersputmanythingsontheflooraroundthechild.AccordingtoChinesetradition,thefirstthingthatthechildpicksup6youwhatprofessionthechildwillchooselaterin7.ForJapanesechildren,8third,fifthandseventhbirthdaysare9important.Atthisage,thereisaspecialcelebrationShichi-Go-San(seven,five,threeinJapanese)whenchildrengotothetemplewearinganewkimono(和服).Thepriest(僧侶)givesthemspecialsweets,andtheparentsusuallyorganizeapartyfortheirfriendsintheirhome.InArgentina,Mexicoandseveral10LatinAmericancountries,girlshaveaspecialbirthdaycelebration11theyreachtheageoffifteen.Afteraspecialceremony(儀式),thegirlsdanceawaltzwiththeirfatherandotherboys.Eighteenisthetraditional‘comingofage’—theagewhen(inmanycountries)youhavetherighttovote(選舉),jointhearmyand(inBritain)drinkalcohol12buyahouse.InmanyEnglish-speakingcountries,a13birthdaycakeoftenhasakeyontop,orthecakeitselfissometimesintheshapeofakey.Thekeymeansthattheyoungperson14now15toleaveandenterthefamilyhomeatanytimetheywantto!1.A.where B.what C.that D.when2.A.for B.like C.so D.as3.A.blow B.blowing C.toblow D.blown4.A.find B.finds C.found D.finding5.A.on B.in C.at D.to6.A.telling B.told C.willtell D.tells7.A.life B.lives C.living D.live8.A.a B.an C.the D./9.A.especial B.especially C.moreespecial D.mostespecial10.A.theother B.another C.others D.other11.A.when B.before C.since D.because12.A.and B.but C.or D.so13.A.twenty-one B.twenty-first C.twentieth-one D.twentieth-first14.A.has B.was C.have D.is15.A.oldenough B.youngenough C.enoughold D.enoughyoung四語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法行和上下文連貫的要求，從1-15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thebackdooroftheambulancewassuddenlyshut.Thedriverrantothefront,jumpedintohisseatand____1____theengine.Insideweretheworriedparents,Mr.andMrs.Green.Themotherwasholding____2____babydaughter,Ellen.Thelittlegirlhad____3____foodstuckinherthroatand____4____hardlybreathe.Thedriver,Mr.White,turned____5____hissiren(警笛)andflashinglight,andstartedspeedingtowardsthe____6____hospital.Thecarsaheadofhimpulledoutofthewayashedrovethroughthebusytraffic.Fromthebackoftheambulance,theparentswereshouting____7____himtohurry,sinceEllenhadalmoststoppedbreathing.Mr.Whiteknewhehadnotimetolose,____8____hedrovestraightpastthetrafficlights.Comingtowardshimfromhisrightwasataxi.Thedriver____9____waslisteningtohisradiodidnotheartheambulance.Thelightsweregreen,andhedrovestraightonintothepathoftheambulance.Mr.Whitetried____10____hisambulance,butitwastoolate.Ithit____11____taxi.Everyonewasshaken,____12____noonewashurt.Mr.Whitelookedbacktosee____13____littleEllenwas.“Look!”criedMrs.Green.“She____14____again.”“Itmusthavebeenthecrash,”saidherhusband____15____.“Itknockedthefoodoutofherthroat.Theaccidentturnedouttobeablessing.”1.A.start B.started C.hasstarted D.starts2.A.their B.theirs C.they D.them3.A.any B.no C.some D.each4.A.would B.might C.should D.could5.A.on B.off C.out D.into6.A.near B.nearly C.nearer D.nearest7.A.with B.by C.at D.for8.A.because B.although C.so D.after9.A.which B.why C.while D.who10.A.stop B.tostop C.stops D.stopped11.A.the B.a C.an D./12.A.and B.or C.but D.before13.A.where B.how C.when D.what14.A.isbreathing B.breathed C.wasbreathing D.willbreathe15.A.happy B.happily C.unhappy D.happiness五語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1～15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項并在答題卡上將該項涂黑．Ihadnevernoticedher．Shewasnotthekindofgirlwhocoulddrawattention．Shewasnottall（1）lookedordinary．Inclass，shelikedsittingattheback，readingorwritingnotes．OnedayIaskedher（2）aloudthetext．WhenIheardherstandard（標準）AmericanEnglish，Ilookedatherwithneweyes．AndIremembered﹣Kelly．Lateron，theNationalCollegeSpeechCompetitionwouldbeheld．Onestudentinourschool（3）toattend．Ithoughtitoverandfilledinhername．Kellypractised（4）forthecompetition．However，Iwasalittleworried（5）shewasalwaystooquiet．Couldshereally（6）wellinthecompetition？（7）thenightofthecompetition，Isatinthefrontrowofthehallveryearly．Itoldhertotakeiteasy．Herfaceturnedredandshesaidnothing．（8）seemedthatshewasreallynervous．Ifeltupset，butIjustpattedheron（9）shoulderandlethergotodrawlots（抽簽）．Asaresult，shedrewNo.9whileNo.8wasaboywhowasverygoodatgivingspeeches．Sureenough，No.8wasvery（10）．Thewholeaudiencemadeawarmapplause．Whilethey（11）abouthisspeechwithexcitement，Kellyappearedonthestage．Iwithnocouragetolookather．Itwasher（12）timetogoupthestage，soIcouldn'tbeangrywithherforanysmallmistakes．Butatthatmoment，Ifound（13）Iwassoafraidofherfailure（失?。甌hestrongspotlightandlargehallmade（14）sosmallthatnobodyseemedtonoticeshehadbeenonthestage．Ifelthopeless．Butthemomentthatsurprisedmecame．Iclearlyheardavoice，averyloudvoice，"Now，pleasefocusonme．"Threetimesinall，louderandlouder．Thewholeaudiencefellsilent．Icouldhardlybelievethatloudvoicecamefromthegirl，whowasusuallysoft﹣voicedanddidn'tcatchattentionatall．Shegaveaperfectspeech．IthinkIwillneverforgetthistouchinglesson（15）mystudenttaughtme﹣neverunderestimate（低估）thepowerofthesilentpeople．1．A．or B．but C．a(chǎn)swell D．a(chǎn)nd2．A．read B．reading C．toread D．toreading3．A．a(chǎn)llow B．a(chǎn)llowed C．wasallowed D．a(chǎn)llows4．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest5．A．though B．because C．when D．if6．A．did B．bedone C．do D．doing7．A．In B．At C．By D．on8．A．That B．This C．It's D．It9．A．a(chǎn)n B．a(chǎn) C．不填 D．the10．A．success B．successful C．succeed D．successfully11．A．talked B．wouldtalk C．a(chǎn)swell D．weretalking12．A．one B．theone C．first D．thefirst13．A．when B．that C．why D．what14．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers15．A．which B．whose C．what D．who．六語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote1300songsandanopera.XianwasbominPanyu,Guangdong,Chinain1905.Becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewasborn,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith2mother.Hebeganlearningtoplay3violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,hisviolinwas4cheapandbadlymadethathe5notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop6andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents7studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe8,Xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent9wonseveralprizesforhistalents.In1935,hereturnedtoChinaandhelpedfightagainsttheJapanesearmy.Later,hecametoYan'an10musicatacollege.11therewerenopianosinYan'anatthattimeXianstillwrote11ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingTheYellowRiver,hismostfamouswork.InMay1940,Xian13totheSovietUnionbytheChineseCommunistPartytowritemusicformovies.IntheSovietUnion,lifewasvery14.Xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness15October30,1945,agedonly40.Xian'smusic,however,livesoninthepeople'shearts.1.A.near B.nearly C.nearby D.nearer2.A.he B.him C.his D.he’s3.A.a B.an C.the D.this4.A.so B.such C.very D.much5.A.need B.may C.should D.could6.A.practice B.practicing C.topractice D.practised7.A.what B.which C.whom D.who8.A.leave B.leaves C.left D.wasleaving9.A.and B.but C.as D.or10.A.teach B.taught C.teaching D.toteach11.A.If B.Although C.When D.Because12.A.any B.little C.few D.some13.A.sent B.wassent C.hassent D.wassending14.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest15.A.at B.in C.on D.by

語法選擇解題技巧語法選擇：主要考點分布:冠詞、名詞的單復數(shù)、動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、代詞、連詞、介詞、非謂語動詞、同根詞、定語從句、狀語從句和賓語從句等。語法選擇常考語法點1.考冠詞：a/an：第一次提到；泛指；單詞讀音第一個音為元音時（an）,輔音時（a）；固搭；the：第二次提到；特指；固定搭配；playthe+西洋樂器，the+序數(shù)詞；/（不填）：固定搭配；play+球類2.考數(shù)詞：①seven-year-old;two-meter-long;（數(shù)詞做形容詞用法）②fivehundred/thousand/million/billion（具體數(shù)值后面不需要+s）③hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof(表示概數(shù)時用of結(jié)構(gòu))3.考名詞：①主謂一致（名詞單復數(shù)與后面的動詞的形式（三單，原形）保持一致）②可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別，修飾語等twocupsofcoffee/tea4.考代詞：①many+n復數(shù)much+不可數(shù)名詞②anumberof+n復數(shù)agreatamountof/agreatdealof+不可數(shù)名詞③little/alittle/few/afew否定意義：little+不可數(shù)名詞few+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)肯定意義：alittle+不可數(shù)名詞afew+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)④Other/another/theother/others/theothers1）other+名詞復數(shù)another+名詞單數(shù)（表三者或者三者以上另一個）2）others后面不能加名詞others=other+名詞復數(shù)3）one….Theother….一個….另一個…..(兩者之間)some….Others….一些…..另一些……4）other（無范圍）與theother（有范圍）others（無范圍）與theothers（有范圍）⑤不定代詞something、everything、anything、nothing+形容詞⑥人稱代詞1）主語用主格2）動詞/介詞后用賓格；3）空格后有名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞，沒有名詞則用名詞性物主代詞；名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+具體的名詞4）反身代詞常考enjoyoneself/helpyourself/dressoneself/teachoneself；5.考形容詞/副詞①-ed是修飾人，-ing是修飾事物②形容詞修飾名詞，副詞（一般以ly結(jié)尾）修飾動詞，副詞修飾形容詞③出現(xiàn)than,用比較級④出現(xiàn)as….as結(jié)構(gòu)，用形容詞/副詞原級⑤oneof+adj最高級+n復數(shù)6.考介詞①時間介詞At：用于具體時刻、節(jié)日前，例如：at8:00，atChristmas.固定搭配：atnoon,atnightIn：用于世紀、年、季節(jié)、月份等不具體的時間前，例如：in2011固定搭配：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon:用于具體的某一天，或具體的早上、下午、晚上;星期。ontheafternoonofMay5thonacoldday，onMonday/Tuesday…for/since:后面+一段時間，現(xiàn)在完成時的標志②其它介詞with:與...一起，和...；帶著...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)without:沒有。by+交通工具③介詞+doingafter/beforedoing;indoing;fordoing…7.考連詞but/however：表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；(but后無逗號；however,后須有逗號)so/therefore/thus：表示因果關(guān)系；or：或者、否則之意。and：表示并列關(guān)系；though/although：表示雖然……但是，不能與but連用。all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；none:表示沒有人，用于三者或三者以上（側(cè)重指人，表否定）both...and：表示兩者都；either...or：表示兩者之一（選擇）；neither...nor：表示兩者中沒有一個；either:用于句末，表示兩者的否定too:用于句末，表示兩者的肯定also:用于句中，表示也8.考動詞：一看：有無時態(tài)標志；單復數(shù)標志；二看：空格前有無情態(tài)動詞（情態(tài)動詞+do）、介詞（介詞+Ving）三看：并列結(jié)構(gòu)；有無and/or（如有則觀察and/or前或后的動詞形式，答案選項的形式要與其保持一致）四看：固定搭配，如make/letsbdosth,seesbdo/doingsth等9.考被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)：be(is/are/am/was/were)+done（過去分詞）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：should/must/can/could/may/might……bedone10.考定語從句：跟在名詞/代詞后面，修飾名詞/代詞修飾人：who修飾物：which11.考賓語從句：跟在謂語后面三要素：①引導詞②時態(tài)當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時時，從句可以為任何時態(tài)；當主句為一般過去時時，從句必須用過去時態(tài)；當從句為表示客觀事實，真理時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時；③語序：陳序語序12.考詞性-tion 一般為名詞后綴separation,selection,-ness 一般為名詞后綴calmness-ly 一般為副詞后綴luckily,fortunately,-ful 一般為形容詞后綴careful,-ing/-ed 一般為形容詞后綴-ing形容的是物；-ed形容的是人13.固定搭配pickup 撿起waitfor 等待dealwith 處理thinkof 思考lookahead 向前看，預測未來lookout 小心lookon 冷眼旁觀lookup 仰望；查閱；拜訪bepleasedwith 對….滿意beworriedabout 擔憂/心besatisfiedwith 對….滿意beamazedat 對….驚訝clearaway 清除sendaway 發(fā)送，派遣turnaway 拒絕giveaway 贈送，泄露throwaway 扔掉lookfor 尋找lookup 仰望；查閱；尊敬；拜訪lookback 回顧；回頭看lookout 注意；小心；面朝；照料lookdown 俯視；向下看lookdownupon 看不起lookafter 照顧lookat 看bemadeof... 由……制成（看得見的材料）bemadefrom... 由……制成（看不見的材料）bemadein... 產(chǎn)于/制于某地makeup 構(gòu)成，化妝makeupone’smindtodosth下定決心做某事解題技巧方法一：上下文推斷法根據(jù)上下文的提示或暗示,體驗語境和作者的情感態(tài)度,結(jié)合語法知識,選出符合場景的最佳選項。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sclasswasstudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroom31somekites.

31.A.to B.in C.with D.by解析:聯(lián)系上下文可知,她的老師帶著風箏走進教室,with表伴隨,故選C。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中介詞的常見考法:(1)表示時間:at+時刻,in+世紀/年/月/季節(jié),on+具體一天或具體某一天的早/午/晚,for+一段時間;(2)表示方式:by乘坐,用……方式;with用……;in使用……(語言或文字);(3)短語或句型的搭配:withone’shelp,onone’sown,It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.等。例2(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Hetoldthemthatkites32inChinamorethan2,000yearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem...”32.A.invent B.invented C.areinvented D.wereinvented解析:由句意可知,風箏是“被發(fā)明的”,由told可知時態(tài)是一般過去時,故選D。[總結(jié)]被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):主語+bedone(看主謂,注意前后時態(tài))。例3(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

34.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest解析:由上下文及thanbefore可知,用形容詞比較級,故選B。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中形容詞?？荚?、比較級、最高級,常見句型:(1)A+be+(not)so/as+原形+as+B.(2)A+be+比較級+than+B.(3)A+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞復數(shù).例4(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentand36,“Butterflies.”

36.A.answers B.answered C.willanswer D.hasanswered解析:and連接兩個并列謂語,看前后動詞時態(tài),thought是過去式,故選B。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中動詞時態(tài)的解題方法:看首句及上下文時態(tài)、前后動詞時態(tài)、時間狀語等。例5(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,37thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.

37.A.and B.but C.or D.so解析:由下文Next,Finally可知,前后表承接,故選A。例6(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytook38kitetotheparkandtestedit.

38.A.a B.an C.the D.\解析:特指上文的abutterflykite,故選C。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中冠詞的常見考法:(1)首次出現(xiàn)且表示數(shù)量為一個的名詞前,a+輔音音素開頭的單詞,an+元音音素開頭的單詞;(2)第二次出現(xiàn)或表特指的名詞前+the。例7(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Judie,canyoutellme40youlikebutterflies?”askedherdad.

Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”40.A.why B.which C.what D.when解析:下文說明了喜歡蝴蝶的原因,由此推斷出用why引導賓語從句,故選A。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中連詞的常見考法:(1)判斷關(guān)系:轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(but,although/though,or)、因果關(guān)系(because,so)、并列關(guān)系(and)、固定搭配(either…or…,neither…nor…,so…that…,both…and…)(2)引導從句:狀從—if(如果),when,while,as,after,since,before,assoonas,till(until),unless賓從—that,what,if(是否),whether,how,when,why,where方法二：句子成分分析法分析句子的各個成分,結(jié)合語法知識,補充句子所缺的成分。語法選擇中?？嫉木渥映煞?謂語(表示做動作的詞)、賓語(動作的承受者)、定語(修飾性質(zhì)的詞)、狀語(時間、地點、原因、結(jié)果、目的、條件等)。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she解析:用形容詞性物主代詞修飾后面的firsttime,故選A。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中?？嫉拇~:(1)動詞、介詞后用人稱代詞賓格(him/her/them);(2)空格后有名詞,用形容詞性物主代詞(his/her/their);(3)空格后沒有名詞,用名詞性物主代詞(his/hers/theirs);(4)反身代詞:enjoy/help/dress/teachoneself(-selves);(5)不定代詞:other,theother,another,others,theothers等。例2(2020年廣州卷節(jié)選)Thechildrenholdtheirbookscloseastheysaygood-byeandrunhome12.Davidandhisdonkeysheadback,overandaroundthehills,andintothesunset.

12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.morecheerful解析:作狀語,用副詞修飾前面的動詞run,故選C。[總結(jié)]副詞(-ly)用于修飾動詞/句子。方法三：固定搭配結(jié)合上下文并利用動詞短語、介詞短語、常用句型的固定搭配來直接選擇答案。例1(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyou33akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou…

33.A.make B.tomake C.making D.made解析:固定搭配:expectsb.todosth.“期望某人做某事”,故選B。[總結(jié)]語法選擇中非謂語動詞的常見考法:(1)介詞+doing,todo(表目的);(2)接todo的動詞(agree,promise,decide,refuse,advise等);(3)接doing的動詞或短語(mind,practice,enjoy,lookforwardto,giveup等)。例2(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)“Wow!”shecriedproudly.“39highmybutterflyflies!”

39.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How解析:感嘆句:How+adv.+主語+謂語!,故選D。[總結(jié)]感嘆句句型:(1)What(+a/an)+adj.+n.(+主語+謂語)!(2)How+adj./adv.(+主語+謂語)!易錯點1如何判斷形容詞或副詞的比較等級(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

A.good B.better C.best D.thebest點撥:本題易錯選C。句中有標志詞than出現(xiàn),一般要選比較級。解析:good好的(原級);better更好的(比較級);best最好的(最高級);thebest最好的(最高級)。根據(jù)句中的thanbefore,可知應用比較級,故選B。結(jié)構(gòu):“A+謂語動詞/系動詞+形容詞或副詞比較級+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。易錯點2如何區(qū)分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞(2020年廣東省卷節(jié)選)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

A.her B.herself C.hers D.she點撥:本題易錯選C或D。選代詞時,如果空格后面有名詞,可判斷填形容詞性物主代詞;如果空格后面沒有其他內(nèi)容,可判斷填名詞性物主代詞。解析:句意:朱迪決定向她的爸爸求助,因為這是她第一次做風箏。根據(jù)空后的名詞time,可知此空應用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞,故選A。方法四：復習方法1.復習《義務(wù)教育英語課程標準》(2011年版)中的各個語法點并能掌握和熟練運用各語法點的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和基本規(guī)則。2.平時多積累,多閱讀文章和對話,領(lǐng)悟文章、對話中句子與句子之間的關(guān)系,把握段落之間的關(guān)系,并理解整篇文章、對話的大致內(nèi)容以及上下文邏輯關(guān)系,不斷形成英語的語感,這樣做起題目來會更加得心應手。3.加強練習,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)并掌握該類題目的規(guī)律,對自己不熟悉的、容易錯的語法知識抓緊時間查漏補缺。訓練自己的邏輯思維,并提高做題的準確性。一閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項Everyoneuseshisorherownspecialwords1hisorherideasandfeelings.Someoftheseexpressionsare2usedformanyyears.3arepopularforjustashorttime.SuchanAmericanexpressionis“Whereisthebeef?”It4whensomethingisnotasgoodasitissaidtobe.5,“Whereisthebeef?”wasoneof6expressionsintheUnitedStates.It7asifeveryonewasusingitatthattime.Weallknow“McDonald’s”wasfamousforahamburgermade8beef.Whensomebusinessmensawit,theyopenedtheirownhamburgerrestaurants.Onecompany9“Wendy”saiditshamburgerswerebiggerthan10soldbyMcDonald’soranyoneelse’s.Thecompanybegantousetheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”tomakepeople11thatWen