2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題Unit3Traveljournal（含解析）新人教版必修1

Unit3Traveljournal李仕才一、閱讀理解。Illegallytradedendangeredspeciesthatescape,formingsecondarypopulations,offerhopetotheirlongtermsurvival,astudysuggests."ThisfirstcametomyattentionwhenIreadanewsstoryabouttheseizureofanillegalshipmentof23yellowcrestedcockatoos(小葵花鳳頭鸚鵡),"saidLukeGibson,acollegeteacher.Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichsurprisedhim.ThisencouragedDr.Gibsonandhiscolleaguetoinvestigate(調(diào)查)howacriticallyendangeredspecieshadbeeselfsustainingoutsideofitsnaturalrange.Theydiscovered49casesofagloballythreatenedspeciesbeingestablishedasaseparatepopulation,whichtheyhadn’tthoughtof,includingtheyellowcrestedcockatoointheircity."Thisisaspecieswhichisprimarilythreatenedbywildlifetrade,"hetoldBBCNews."Poachers(偷獵者)gooutintotheforestinitsnativerangeineasternIndonesiaandcapturethebirdandthenshipthemoff,usuallyuptoourcitywherethereisastrongdemandforpetbirds.Thisiswhathasfueledthedeclineofthisspeciesinitsnativerange.Butit'sreallyinterestingbecausethatsamecausealsohadanothereffect:someofthepeoplewhowerekeepingthisspecieshereaccidentallyorintentionallyreleasedthem.”Asaresultofenoughofthebirdssetfree,itallowedanewselfsustainingpopulationtobeestablishedinthiscity.ThegovernmentinofDr.Gibson’scityhasmadeitillegaltocapturethespecies,eventhoughitisanonnativespecies.Becausethecityisaffluentandrelativelywelleducated,thecasesofpeoplebreakingthelawareextremelyrare,explainedDrGibson,unlikeinitsnativerangeinIndonesia,wherecapturingbirdsformsamajorsourceofine.However,therecanbedownsides(缺點(diǎn))tothenewlyestablishedpopulationofendangeredspecies,suchasalimitedgeneticpool,andsufferingfromnoveldiseases.Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforconservationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve"harvesting"someofthenewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowglobalbiodiversityloss.1.WhatwasbeyondGibson’sexpectationsaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Thehighrateofwildlifetrade.B.Thepreciousnessofthebirds.C.Thefactthatthebirdsnearlydisappear.D.Thenewsthatthebirdswerepoached.2.Whathappenedunexpectedlywhenthebirdswereshippedabroad?A.Theyformedaseparatepopulation.B.Theywerekeptaspetbirds.C.Theyweretradedillegally.D.Theywerekilledforresearch.3.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“affluent”?A.Peaceloving. B.Rich.C.Free. D.Environment–friendly.4.Forwhatpurposedidtheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toappealtoeveryonetostopthewildlifetrade.B.Toexplainthechallengethewildbirdsarefacing.C.Tointroduceacreativeapproachtowildlifeconservation.D.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingendangeredspecies.【文章大意】本文為說(shuō)明文。講述的是一項(xiàng)研究表明逃跑的非法交易的瀕危物種形成了次級(jí)群體，為它們的長(zhǎng)期生存提供了希望，也呈現(xiàn)了野生生物保護(hù)的一種可能的方法。1.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichsurprisedhim.可知他沒(méi)有料到的是這些鳥是非常瀕危的物種，與C項(xiàng)一致，故選C。2.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句話可知有些養(yǎng)這種鳥的人偶然地或者故意地放了它們，由此在這個(gè)城市里形成了單獨(dú)的自我維持?jǐn)?shù)量的鳥，故選A。4.C【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句話Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforconservationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve"harvesting"someofthenewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowglobalbiodiversityloss.可知本文作者是為了介紹野生生物保護(hù)的一種創(chuàng)新的方法，故選C。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1．ThismadeHannahverysad,andevenmoredetermined________(do)something.答案：todobedeterminedtodosth.“下定決心做某事”。2．TheWorldHealth________(organize)sayshalfofthemwilldieiftheyarenottreated.答案：Oanization“組織”，theWorldHealthOrganization“世界衛(wèi)生組織”。3．Butthatisnot________manypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars.答案：whathavesth.inmind“心里記著某事”，設(shè)空處是引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故填what。4．NothavingpersuadedHelen________(change)hermind,herparentshadnochoicebuttoallowhertogotoChinatotravelalone.答案：tochangepersuadesb.todosth.“勸說(shuō)某人做某事”。5．Thegovernment'sattitude________thedevelopmentoftheflyingcarisfavorable.答案：to/toward(s)attitudeto/toward(s)...“對(duì)……的態(tài)度”。6．Igraduatedfromuniversitytwentyyearsagoand________(teach)inamiddleschooleversince.答案：havetaughteversince“自從……以來(lái)”，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。7．ShegotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginally________(schedule)．答案：scheduledthanoriginallyscheduled“比起早先的安排”，此處than是連詞，其后是比較狀語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)為it，謂語(yǔ)為was，省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)后只剩scheduled。8．One________(advantage)oflivinginthetownisshortofsafeplacesforthechildrentoplay.答案：disadvantage由isshortof...可知，此處在談?wù)摗吧钤谛℃?zhèn)的缺點(diǎn)”，因此填disadvantage“劣勢(shì)；缺點(diǎn)”。9．Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort,he's________(rely)．答案：reliable此處形容詞reliable“可靠的；可信賴的”，在句中作表語(yǔ)。10．Theystudiedthequestion________(care)beforetheymadethedecision.答案：carefully此處副詞carefully修飾動(dòng)詞studied。三、完形填空。Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy，especiallywhenitestomentalhealthproblems.InaTV__1__，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdealingwithanxietyandpanic.“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhighschool.Iputsomuch__2__onmyself，”shesaid.“Inever__3__aclass.ButIgotsickduring10thgradeandIstartedto__4__.Thatwaswhenthepanicattacksbegan.”Shegoesontodescribewhatapanicattack__5__like，“Onedaytheteacherhandedmemygrade__6__，andIcouldn'tbreathe.Myheartwasbeatingvery__7__.Ifeltdisconnected.IsawpeopletryingtotalktomebutIcouldn'thearthem.Afterwards，Iwassentto__8__，”sheshared.Itwasthen__9__theattacksstartedhappening__10__daily，andtheyhaven'tstopped.“LastyearIstartedcollege.AndIcan'tbethebeststudentherenomatterhowhardItry，”shesaid.“Everyoneisso__11__.MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto__12__myfirstsemester.”However，nowsheisfacingheranxiety，andthingsaregettingbetter.“Iusedtotrytohide__13__.Ithoughtthat__14__nobodyknew，itwouldnotexist，”shesaid.“ButthemoreItalkaboutmy__15__，themoreIrealizethatotherpeopleexperience__16__things.SoI'mtryingtoexpressitmore.Ihadagreatteacher__17__toldme，‘Insteadoflettinganxietykeepyoufromdoingyourart，letitbethethingthat__18__yourart.’”Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto__19__whatanxietyislike.Weare__20__alone.1．A.projectB．programC．platformD．station2．A.weightB．heightC．pressureD．measure3．A.joinedB．succeededC．failedD．a(chǎn)ttended4．A.fallbehindB．falldownC．leavebehindD．leavealone5．A.looksB．soundsC．tastesD．feels6．A.reportB．surveyC．researchD．notice7．A.mildlyB．wildlyC．slowlyD．severely8．A.schoolB．workC．hospitalD．home9．A.whenB．sinceC．beforeD．that10．A.stillB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．merelyD．a(chǎn)lmost11．A.ambitiousB．a(chǎn)nxiousC．talentedD．experienced12．A.arrangeB．performC．operateD．cancel13．A.itB．themC．meD．us14．A.unlessB．ifC．whileD．a(chǎn)s15．A.confidenceB．dreamC．issueD．desire16．A.similarB．familiarC．variousD．serious17．A.whoB．whomC．whoseD．which18．A.abandonsB．quitsC．motivatesD．protests19．A.advertiseB．a(chǎn)dviseC．shareD．pare20．A.alwaysB．sometimesC．seldomD．never【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一個(gè)女孩分享了她曾經(jīng)的焦慮經(jīng)歷，后來(lái)，她勇敢面對(duì)焦慮，情況得以好轉(zhuǎn)。作者借這個(gè)事例說(shuō)明直面困難、坦誠(chéng)問(wèn)題往往是解決心理健康問(wèn)題的良策?！竞诵脑~匯】dealwith處理，應(yīng)付panicn．恐慌，驚恐v．使恐慌policyn．政策，策略，保險(xiǎn)單disconnectedadj.分離的，斷開(kāi)的，不連貫的，無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)的semestern．半學(xué)年，一學(xué)期1．B根據(jù)“InaTV__1__，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdealingwithanxietyandpanic”可知，在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目(program)中，一個(gè)女孩坦誠(chéng)地分享了她克服焦慮和驚恐的經(jīng)歷，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“項(xiàng)目”；C項(xiàng)意為“平臺(tái)”；D項(xiàng)意為“站”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。2．C根據(jù)前一句“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhighschool”，再結(jié)合該句“Iputsomuch__2__onmyself”可知，該句是說(shuō)，在學(xué)校里這個(gè)女孩是一位優(yōu)等生，她自己給自己施加了很多壓力。C項(xiàng)意為“壓力”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“體重”；B項(xiàng)意為“身高”；D項(xiàng)意為“度量單位”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。3．C根據(jù)上文，再結(jié)合該句“Inever__3__aclass”可知，這個(gè)女孩從沒(méi)有考試不及格過(guò)；C項(xiàng)意為“不及格”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“加入”；B項(xiàng)意為“成功”；D項(xiàng)意為“參加”。4．A根據(jù)上下文可知，在十年級(jí)時(shí)這個(gè)女孩生病了，成績(jī)開(kāi)始落后；A項(xiàng)意為“落后”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“不實(shí)，不能令人滿意”；C項(xiàng)意為“留下，遺留”；D項(xiàng)意為“不打擾”。5．D根據(jù)空處前后句可知，這個(gè)女孩是在描述焦慮癥發(fā)作時(shí)的感覺(jué)。feellike為固定搭配，意為“感覺(jué)像是……”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。6．A根據(jù)該句中“Onedaytheteacherhandedmemygrade__6__，andIcouldn'tbreathe”可知，老師將成績(jī)單交給了這個(gè)女孩；表示“成績(jī)單”用“gradereport”，故A項(xiàng)正確。7．B根據(jù)后一句“Ifeltdisconnected”可以判斷，這個(gè)女孩看到了她的成績(jī)單后感覺(jué)無(wú)法呼吸，心臟瘋狂地(wildly)跳動(dòng)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“溫和地”；C項(xiàng)意為“緩慢地”；D項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)格地”。8．C參見(jiàn)上題解析并結(jié)合該句“Afterwards，Iwassentto__8__”可以判斷，最后，這個(gè)女孩被送往醫(yī)院。故C項(xiàng)正確。9．D根據(jù)該句“Itwasthen__9__theattacksstartedhappening__10__daily，andtheyhaven'tstopped”可知，該句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是then，故用that引導(dǎo)句中的其他部分，故D項(xiàng)正確。10．D根據(jù)空處所在句可知，從那時(shí)起焦慮幾乎每天發(fā)生，沒(méi)有停止過(guò)。D項(xiàng)意為“幾乎”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。11．C根據(jù)空處前一句可知，在大學(xué)里，無(wú)論這個(gè)女孩怎么努力都無(wú)法成為最好的學(xué)生；結(jié)合該句“Everyoneisso__11__”可知，每個(gè)人都有天賦；C項(xiàng)意為“有天賦的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。12．D根據(jù)該句“MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto__12__myfirstsemester”可知，這個(gè)女孩的焦慮癥變得如此嚴(yán)重，她不得不休學(xué)。D項(xiàng)意為“取消”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。13．A根據(jù)空處前后句可知，空處指代前一句的“anxiety”，后一句中的“itwouldnotexist”也是提示。故此處用it。14．B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故此處用if。15．C根據(jù)上下文可知，空處是指這個(gè)女孩的焦慮問(wèn)題。C項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)題”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“信心”；B項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”。16．A根據(jù)上下文可知，此處是指這個(gè)女孩對(duì)她的問(wèn)題談得越多，她就越意識(shí)到其他人也經(jīng)歷過(guò)相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故A項(xiàng)正確。17．A分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“agreatteacher”，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。18．C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)用與“keepyoufromdoingyourart”意義相反的一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。C項(xiàng)意為“激勵(lì)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；B項(xiàng)意為“停止”；D項(xiàng)意為“反對(duì)”。19．C根據(jù)該句“Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto__19__whatanxietyislike”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦慮的經(jīng)歷。C項(xiàng)意為“分享”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。20．D參見(jiàn)上題解析，再結(jié)合該句“Weare__20__alone”可知，焦慮者不是孤獨(dú)的，故用否定詞never。四、單句改錯(cuò)1．Ifyoustandhere,you'llgetbetterviewoftheriver.________________________________________________________答案：get后加agetabetterviewof...“更好地看到……”，view“風(fēng)景”，為可數(shù)名詞。2．Ourteacherinsistedthatthekeywordsworthpayingattentiontobeingunderlinedbeforeclass.________________________________________________________答案：being→be動(dòng)詞insist表“堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，其后賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)。3．Theoldmanwasstillingoodhealth.Hepreferredtoworkinthegardenratherthansatidly.________________________________________________________答案：sat→sitprefertodoAratherthandoB“寧愿做A而不愿做B”，ratherthan后要接動(dòng)詞原形。4．Inmyviews,thereisnoneedtocaretoomuchaboutyourclothes.________________________________________________________答案：views→viewinone'sview“依某人看”，是固定短語(yǔ)。5．AlthoughMrLiwasill,hestillwenttoworkontimeasusually.________________________________________________________答案：usually→usualasusual“像往常一樣”，是固定搭配。五、七選五InthetinyvillageofAngelica,NewYork,thepostofficeismorethanaplacetogetmailorsendpackages.Thereyou’llfindtheheartofthislovelymunity.It’swherevillagersmeetandgreetfriends.WhenAngelica’spostofficewasthreatenedwithbeingclosedinthe1980s，avillager，Pat,cameupwithaplantosaveit.“AtChristmastimeIwouldhearonthenewsabouttownsnamedSnoworBethlehemhavingcelebrations,”saysPat,“Whycouldn’twedothesamethingwithAngelica?”Pat,whoisanartist，createdapostalcancellation(郵戳)designfeaturinganAngelicaangel.ShedrewherangelsinatraditionalfashionandsubmittedhersuggestiontotheU.S.PostalService.Onceapproved,thedrawingwascarvedintoacancellationstampthatcouldbeusedforonedayonly.Thepostmistress(女郵局局長(zhǎng))thenhadanotherideatomakethedayevenmorespecialcallingthepostofficeAngelStation.ThelargeincreaseinmailamountsavedAngelica’spostofficefrombeingclosedandkeepsthedoorsopentoday.Nowit’straditionthatonthefirstFridayinDecember，peopleetoAngelicatomailtheirChristmascards.Eachyeartheamountofmai