八年級的下冊的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)考點(初二英語下)

第1頁共12頁現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)--練習資料結(jié)構：助動詞have/has+過去分詞句型轉(zhuǎn)換：否定句：一般疑問句:特殊疑問句：一、表過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 ,（強調(diào)結(jié)果現(xiàn)在還存在 ）例如Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是 “衣服干凈了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.對(現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓)Hashehadhisbreakfast? Yes, hehas.將一般過去時的句子改寫為現(xiàn)在完成時的句子。1.Myfatherboughtmanybooksformeyesterday.Now,Ihavealottoreadbecause________________________________2.Isawthisfilmlastweek.Now,IknowthisfilmbecauseI_____________________.3.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Now,IcangiveittotheteacherbecauseI______________二、通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞 just(謂語動詞之前)（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)(肯定句)）,before（之前）,yet（一般疑問(句末）,已經(jīng)；否定句：還）never（從不）,ever(疑問句)twice（兩次）,recently(近來）等狀語連用，可以和瞬間動詞和持續(xù)性動詞連用,1Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Tomhasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.2Ihavejusthadmylunch.Shehasn’tseenyoubefore.3Haveyouevereatenfish?Ihavenevereatenfish三、體會時間狀語：Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejustfinishedmyhomework.Hehasnotcomeyet.第2頁共12頁四、請先圈出時間狀語，再用詞的適當形式填空1.I________(have)lunchalready.2. thetrain_______(arrive)yet?3.Tom____never_______(be)toChina.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.______youever_______(ride)ahorse?Never.7._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.8._____he______(see)thisfilmyet?No.When_____he_____(see)it?He______ittomorrow.Howmanytimes_____you______(come)here?Once.五、翻譯句子：你已經(jīng)問過這個問題兩邊了，別再煩我了。2我能借你的字典用一下嗎？對不起，已經(jīng)借給 tom了。你以前見過她嗎？不，從來沒有過。你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？是的我去過那兒三次。你已經(jīng)看完那本小說了嗎？是的，我已經(jīng)把它還給圖書館了。表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動詞使用延續(xù)性動詞。和表時間段的時間狀語連用。常與for或since引導的時間連用，sofar,upto/tillnow到目前為止,inthelast/past+一段時間，allone’slife某人的一生中,bynow,thesedays目前，fortwoyears、since1984、sincehecamehereIhaven’tseenherthesedays.ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?一、注 意：(1)since＋一段時間＋ago＝for＋時間段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.(2)since+時間點＝for＋時間段第3頁共12頁since2000=for13yearssince+從句(常用一般過去時)TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis(4)Itis/hasbeen+一段時間 +since從句.自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時間了 . Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.二、用for或since填空。JillhasbeeninIreland________Monday.JillhasbeeninIreland__________threedays.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_______15days.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_____7o'clock.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry________1974.Thebusislate.We'vebeenwaiting________20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty manyyears.Mikehasbeenill________alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital________OctoberIt’stenyears______wemeteachotherlasttime.HehastaughtEnglish_______25years.TheGreenshavelivedonthefarm______1990.Theyhavebeenpracticingtheguitar_______twohours.13.－Howlonghaveyoubeenareporter? －_____8yearsago.Ihaven’tgoneforawalkinthepark________alongtime.He’sbeencollectingstamps_______hewasinprimaryschool.Peterhasbeentosummercamp________3times.非延續(xù)性動詞與現(xiàn)在完成時短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與時間段連用。為了表述意思，我們常用相應的延續(xù)性動詞來代替非延續(xù)性動詞。他入黨五年了。HejoinedthePartyfiveyearsago.——HehasbeeninthePartyforfiveyears.——HehasbeenaPartymemberforfiveyears.——ItisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheParty電影開始五分鐘了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.——Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.——Itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan一、三類型：第一類：動詞→be+adj.: Die，finish，open/close，fallill/asleep，marrysb/getmarriedto第二類：動詞→be+介詞.:start/begin，leave，Join，第三類：動詞→另一個動詞 : Buy，Borrow，get/beginto延續(xù)性v，.Become，puton，二、巧記瞬間性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換“開始離去借來還，出生入死買到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，開開關關變結(jié)束第4頁共12頁1beginbeon6returnbeback2leavebeawayfrom7joinbein3gobeoff8diebedead4borrowkeep9buyhave5comebehere10arrivebehere10reachbehere11putonwearFallasleepBeasleep13catchacoldhaveacold14openbeopen15closebeclosed/短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4)Theycameherelastweek.They___________heresince_____________.②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.2)WereturnedtoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________ateacherfor___________.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_______dirtyfor_________.④close→beclosed open→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_________for________.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor_____________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup; die→bedead; leavesp.→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep ;finish/end→beover ;marry→bemarried;Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.; begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep;lose→nothave;buy→have;puton→wear第5頁共12頁catch/getacold→haveacold;gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________itsince_____________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I____________apenfor_____________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsince___________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_________myglassesfor______________.have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He______ a_____ fortwoyears.He_____ a____ the________fortwoyears.He_____ theleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_________ a________for_______ ___________.Mybrother_____ in_______ fortwoyears.注意：havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法1、have(has)beenin表示“在某地（多長時間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他們到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust,ever,never等連用，例如：Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我剛才去郵局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.瑪麗從未去過長城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhoubefore?你以前曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？Have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。3、have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。總之，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如：----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到書店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon杰.克.約翰遜到倫敦去了用have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto填空—Hi，Lucy， you ever—No，I .—What aboutyoursister，Lily？

Beijing？—Oh，she

Chengdu，shewillcomebacknextweek.—Ok，thanks.—You’rewelcome.第6頁共12頁現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況，而一般過去時只單純表示 過去的動作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關系。試比較：Theplanehasarrived.飛機已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機在這兒）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飛機是一刻中以前來的。（強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間在過去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。 ）Itaughthereforayear.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）用括號中所給的動詞的適當形式完成下列句子。Mary_______(lose)herpen.______you______(see)ithereandthere?______you______(find)yourwatchyet?3.---Areyouthirsty? ---NO,I______just_______(have)someorange.We________already______(return)thebook.______they_____(build)anewschoolinthevillage?---HasTomtaughtyouEnglish?---Yes,he______(teach)usEnglishfortwoyears.I______(notfinish)myhomeworkyet.Canyouhelpme?What______they_____(do)withthenewspaper?Theyhavereadthem.---Thedoorisopen.Who______(open)it?Doyouknow?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.WuDong_____(be)asoldierforoneyear.Thestudents______(study)inthemiddleschoolsincelastmonth.Howlong______you______(know)him?Mike______(make)quiteafewfriendssincehecametoChina.I_____(give)myfriendanicebookrecently.LiPingandWuDong______(see)theoldmanthreetimes._____sheever_____(teach)youEnglish?Thesechildren_____(stay)intheparkfortwohours.一、完成句子1.A：你收集貝殼有多長時間了？ B:自從我上中學以來。A：Howlong______you_______ __________ shells?B：________I_________tomiddleschool.2.我滑冰已有五個小時了。I______ _______ ______________5hours.3.A:這是你首次參加滑冰馬拉松嗎 ?B:不,去年我參加過。A:Wasthisyour________ _________ _____________?B:No，I___________ ina ______________ lastyear.4.A: B: 3A:Whendidyou______yourfirst__________________?第7

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12頁B:Threeyearsago.5.A:他游泳有多長時間了？ B:A:Howlong_______he________B:He______ _______ _______

他已游了半小時了。______________?_______halfanhour.你上網(wǎng)多久了?我上網(wǎng)三小時了。你什么時候開始集郵的？我五年前開始集郵的。他收集貝殼十年了。你上網(wǎng)多久了?我上網(wǎng)三小時了。你什么時候開始集郵的？我五年前開始集郵的。他收集貝殼十年了。動詞的過去分詞一、規(guī)則變化在動詞后加ed，規(guī)則變化有以下四種：①原形+ed 如：worked,passed②詞尾是e時，直接加d 如：likedlived③若詞尾為“輔音字母加 y”，則改y為i加ed。詞尾

為“元音字母

+y”時，直接加

d；如:playedstayedstudiedcried④末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)是，雙寫最后一個輔音字母加ed.如：stoppeddropped二、不規(guī)則動詞的過去式以及過去分詞巧記規(guī)律put–put–putlet—let–letABA:become—became—becomeABB:stand—stood—stoodABC:eat—ate—eaten現(xiàn)在完成時練習[Exercises7]A）用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。Where____________LiFei___________?He____________toHainanIsland.Howlong___________he___________there?He_____________thereforthreedays.CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?Sorry,I_________never___________there.Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?He_____________thereonlyonce.B）用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各種形式填空。WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.第8頁共12頁John_______Englandsincehecameback.Howlong_____have_____thisvillage?TheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.C）選擇填空()1.Jim'sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,__________he?(A)isn't(B)wasn't(C)hasn't(D)doesn't()2.She'sneverbeentoEngland,_______she?(A)has(B)hasn't(C)isn't(D)is()2.___________hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary.(A)Howlong(B)Howsoon(C)Howfar(D)Howoften()3.Howlong___he______thelibrarybook.(A)has,borrow(B)has,kept(C)has,bought(D)did,buy()4.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,He__________tothelibrary(A)hasgone(B)went(C)hasbeen(D)willgo()5.Mrsmith_______toTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek(A)hasbeen(B)hasvisited(C)hassent(D)hasgone()6.They_________Chinafortwoyears(A)havebeento(B)havebeenin(c)havegoneto(D)havecometo[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.come/go/movetosw.beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return →beback come/goout →beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I________ __________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.第9頁共12頁Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup →beupdie →bedeadleavesw. →beawayfromsw.fallasleep/gettotsleep sleep→beafinish/end →beovermarry →bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth. →dosth.begin →beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keeplose→nothavebuy→haveputonhaveacoldgettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeague/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.

→wear catch/getacold →第10頁共12頁Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.C）填空()2.Herfather______in1990andherhusband______formorethanfiveyears(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihave_____thisnicewatchfortwoyears(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend()4.He_____hishomefortenyears(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom()5.He_____aleaguememberforthreeyears(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome()6.Lihua'sbrotherhas_______fortwoyears(A)joinedthearmy(B)beenanarmy(C)becomeasoldier(D)beeninthearmy()7.Hehasn't_____Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool(A)left(B)beenaway(C)been(D)away[Exercises11]填空()1.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework()2.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Yes,I_______itlastnight——Not__________.(A)finish(B)finished(C)havefinished(A)ever(B)already(C)yet(D)just()2.——________youever_______toNanjing()3.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework.——Yes,I______therelastyear.(A)already(B)ever(C)yet(D)never(A)Have?gone,havegone(B)Have?been,went()4.——Haveyou__________learnedEnglish?(C)Did?go,went(D)Did?go,has,been——Yes,I've________learnedalot.()3.——When_____you_____LucyinNewYork?(A)never,ever(B)ever,never(C)ever,——I_________herefortwoyearsalready(D)already.ever(A)did?meet,haven'tseen(B)did?meet,haven'tseen()5.——Haveyoufinishedyour(C)did?meet,don'tsee(D)would?meet,hadn'tseenhomework________?()4.when_youtoBeijing?——Yes,I've_____donethat()3.He______finishedhishomework.yet(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(A)doesn’t(B)haven’t(C)hasn’t(D)doesn’thave(C)ever,never(D)still,just()1.——Haveyou________traveledonthetrain.()6.John'sfather_______borrowedsomepictures——Yes,Ihave.(A)havealready(B)hasjust(A)never(B)ever(C)just(D)yet(C)haveever(D)hasyet[Exercises4]A）用since和for填空1)______twoyears2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth4)______19995)_______yesterday6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours8)_______anhourago9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime11)______shelefthere4B）用since和for填空HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.第11頁共12頁It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.()1.I'vebeenlikethiseversince_________(A)lastweek(B)foraweek(C)aweekbefore(D)thelastweek()2.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory_____2years.(A)about(B)for(C)in(D)since()3.Ihaven'theardfromhim______lastweek.(A)since(B)for(C)ago(D)before()4.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________(A)forthreeyears(B)sincethreeyearsago(C)threeyearsago(D)intwoyears'time51.–WhereisMr.Liu? ----- He_______thelibrary.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenin2.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,________?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey3.IlikeHainan.I________therethreetimes.A.wentB.goC.havebeenD.havegone4.WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe________hereforthreeyears.5.-Howlong______you_______yourdictionary? -Abouttwomonths.A.did;buy B.have;get C.have;had D.have;bought6.Hetellsmehe________Chinaforoverfiveyears.A.hasbeen B.hasbeenin C.hasbeento D.hasgoneto7.________hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_______toChina?A.Howsoon, comes B.Howoften,gotC.Howlong, came D.Howf