高中英語-虛擬語氣

SubjunctiveMood英語動(dòng)詞有

種語氣

陳述語氣祈使語氣

虛擬語氣用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不太可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。三if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句主從句的謂語形式時(shí)間If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去將來did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虛擬語氣[例句]Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhave

methim.

要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。(與過去事實(shí)相反)2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.

明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。(與將來事實(shí)可能相反)3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.

假如我是你的話，我會(huì)馬上走。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，事實(shí)上我不可能是你)虛擬語氣在在條件從句中如果條件狀語中有were,had,should時(shí),可以倒裝成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其他WereIyou,

…

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

…Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

…IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.注意：當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的動(dòng)作或行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。e.g.Ifhehadjustfollowedmyadvice,hewouldbebetternow.1.____theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass2.___fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣及幾種虛擬語氣特殊句型1.wish引導(dǎo)的虛擬句表示愿望(wish),wish接賓語從句有三種情況：

1)現(xiàn)在：用過去式（did）

2)過去：用過去完成式(haddone)3)將來：用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(would/could/might+do)Iwish(that)Iwereabird.Iwish(that)Ihadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）HowIwishhehadnotleft.要是他沒有離開這里就好了。（他已離開）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（說話人以預(yù)料明天不會(huì)下雨）HowIwish+（that）=Ifonlydid/were現(xiàn)在haddone過去would/might/coulddo將來2.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose(advice,suggestion,proposal)4.demand,require,request,desire這些詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要使用虛擬語氣。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略。Mydemandisthatshe_______________(come)toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks

(be)closeddown.Hesuggestedthatwe____________(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.Theproposalthatwe

(go)outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed.(should)go(should)come(should)be(should)go表語從句同位語從句賓語從句同位語從句注意：如suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明“、”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody__________(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe______(be)seriouslyillandthat_________(send)tohospitalsatonce.3.Hesuggestedthatwe________(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______(be)ill.obeywasbesenthavewas虛擬語氣3.在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural/essential/apity)that....”中，that后面的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用：should+動(dòng)詞原形

[例句]1)It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.

我們有必要出去散散步。2)It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.

她這樣做是很自然的。3)It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.

重要的是我們要照顧好病人。

虛擬語氣在在主語從句中考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotake C.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastoldDB虛擬語氣4.在asif從句中，常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用過去式；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成式(haddone)；與將來事實(shí)相反，用過去將來時(shí)（would+do）.一、asif(asthough)連接表語從句shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.

她看起來似乎是冰做的helookedasifhehadn’tsleptfortwodays.二、asif連接讓步狀語從句Shelookedaftertheboyasifhewereherownson.

她照顧這男孩就像自己的兒子一樣。Hespeakstousasifhehadbeenthere.

他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。

虛擬語氣在在asif從句中asif/though+Clause現(xiàn)在：過去：將來:did/were(現(xiàn)在)haddone(過去)would+動(dòng)詞原形(將來)Helooksasifhewereanartist.（同時(shí)）shespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstudiedintheUK.（過去）HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheUS.（將來）虛擬語氣5.在would(had)rather(寧愿)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中

虛擬語氣中的幾個(gè)特例1.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去時(shí)Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.虛擬語氣1.It’s(high)timethat…

that從句要用虛擬語氣：謂語用過去時(shí)或should+do注意：此處should不省略It’stimethatyoulefthere.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed虛擬語氣中的幾個(gè)特例It’s(high)time+that--should+V.過去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撍X了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.虛擬語氣2.在incase,lest,forfearthat,inorderthat,sothat等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，動(dòng)詞用“would/could/should/might

+do”，表示虛擬Shecalledhimlestheshouldgoout.Theyleftearly

forfearthattheywouldmeethim.Theyremovedtheprisionerinorderthathewouldnotdisturbtheproceedingsanyfurther.虛擬語氣中的幾個(gè)特例虛擬語氣4.

一些介詞短語,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否則),inthatcase(如果是那樣的話),表示含蓄的條件,這時(shí)主句要用虛擬語氣

Without/Butforyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.

虛擬語氣中的幾個(gè)特例有時(shí)為了表達(dá)需要,并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句,而通過其他手段來代替條件句.1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I___________________(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_______________(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking____________(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it________(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.wouldhavetakenmighthavegivenwouldbewouldbe虛擬語氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgoneBAB虛擬語氣6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得飽),thoughhisparentsfee