2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習Module1DeepSouth學案選修8

Module1DeepSouth一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．polaradj. 極地的2．Antarctican. 南極洲3．rainfalln. 降水量；降雨量4．gravityn. 重力，地心引力5．mercialadj. 商業(yè)的6．intenseadj. 強烈的7．sunburntadj. 曬傷的8．minusprep. 零下的(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．staten. 狀態(tài)；狀況2．flowerv. 開花3．a(chǎn)daptv. (使)適應(yīng)4．balancev. 使平衡5．testn. 試驗6．trapv. 使陷入困境7．voyagen. (乘船的)旅行，航行8．glaren. 刺眼的光9．eyesightn. 視力；目力10．pureadj. 干凈的；不含有害物質(zhì)的11．sunrisen. 日出12．sunsetn. 日落13．platformn. 平臺14．stockv. 儲存，儲備15．emergencyn. 緊急情況；突發(fā)事情16．privilegen. 榮幸17．talen. 傳說；故事(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．explorev．探索；探討；探究；勘探→explorern．探險者→explorationn．探索；探究；探測；勘查2．a(chǎn)nnualadj.每年的→annuallyadv.一年一次地3．deepadj.深的adv.深深地→depthn．深度→deeplyadv.強烈地；深刻地→deepenv．加深；深化4．extremeadj.極端的，極度的→extremelyadv.極端；極其5．ceremonyn．儀式→ceremonialadj.儀式性的；正式的6．promotevt.促進，增進，提升→promotionn．促進；提升7．severeadj.艱難的，艱巨的→severelyadv.艱難地，嚴重地8．normaladj.正常的→abnormaladj.不正常的，反常的9．a(chǎn)bsentadj.缺席的；不在的→absencen．缺乏；沒有10．depressv．使沮喪；使蕭條→depressingadj.令人沮喪的；令人抑郁的→depressedadj.沮喪的；蕭條的→depressionn．沮喪；不景氣，蕭條(期)11．couragen．勇氣→discouragev．阻止；打消……的念頭；使泄氣→discouragingadj.令人泄氣的→discouragedadj.泄氣的；灰心的→encouragev．鼓勵12．relyv．依靠；信賴→reliabilityn．可靠性→reliableadj.可信賴的13．inspirev．鼓舞；激勵→inspirationn．鼓舞；啟示；靈感→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的[語境活用]1．Thebestwaytoexplorethecountrysideisonfoot.Theexplorationfornatureisgoodforourmoodsomoreexplorersarewalkingintothecountrytogainmoreknowledge.(explore)2．Iwasdeeplymovedbyhissincereencouragement,whichreallydeepenedourrelationship.Ibravelydivedintothedeepwatertomeasurethedepthofthelake.(deep)3．Weareworkingunderextremepressureatthemomentsowefeelextremelystressed.(extreme)4．Iwasabsentfromworkyesterday.Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.(absent)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．trapv．儲存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套背詞條用法(1)trapsb.into(doing)sth.誘騙某人(做)某事be/gettrappedin被困在……中，陷入困境(2)fallintothetrap(ofdoingsth.)陷入(做某事的)困境背寫作佳句①IwastrappedintotellingthecheatallIknew.我中計了，把所知道的一切全都告訴了那個騙子。②Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinit.電梯出故障了，我們被困在里面出不來。③Somecollegestudentsfallintothetrapoftakingoutaloantheycannotafford.一些大學生陷入了還不起貸款的困境。2．promotev．促進，增進；晉升；提升；宣傳，推銷背詞條用法promotesb.(fromsth.)tosth.把某人(從某職位)提升到某職位promotesth.to...把某物推銷給……背寫作佳句①WeaimtopromoteanunderstandingofthecultureofChina.我們旨在增進對中國文化的理解。②Toourdelight,ourmotherhasbeenpromotedtomanager.令我們高興的是，我們的母親被提升為經(jīng)理了。③Wehavetothinkupnewwaystopromoteourproductstothelocalpeople.我們必須想出新法把我們的產(chǎn)品推銷給當?shù)厝恕?五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．incaseof 如果；假使2．breakup 碎開；解體；分開3．onaverage 平均4．inchargeof 負責；掌管5．eupwith 想出；提出6．a(chǎn)dapt(to) (使)適應(yīng)7．befondof 喜歡8．intheformof 以……的形式9．standout 引人注目，突出，顯眼10．setfooton 進入，到達；踏上eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．standout引人注目；突出；顯眼；杰出背相關(guān)短語standby站在旁邊；袖手旁觀；支持；位于standfor代表；主張；象征；表示；忍受standup站起來；(論點、證據(jù)等)站得住腳；經(jīng)得起(常與to連用)standupfor支持；維護(權(quán)利)背寫作佳句①Hergradestandsoutamongthestudentssosheisoftenpraisedbytheteacher.她的成績在學生中很突出，所以經(jīng)常受到老師的表揚。②I’llstandbyyou,whateverhappens.無論發(fā)生任何事情，我都支持你。2．incaseof如果；假使；萬一背相關(guān)短語incase假使；以防萬一inanycase無論如何，不管怎樣innocase決不(置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝)inthis/thatcase假使這樣/那樣的話asisoftenthecase這是常有的事背寫作佳句①Weshouldkeepatorchandbatteriesincaseofpowercuts.我們應(yīng)該備好手電和電池以防萬一斷電。②Incaseyouneedsomething,pleasedon’thesitatetoletmeknow.如果你需要什么東西，請不客氣地對我說。③Hemaynotbebackatsix.Inthiscasewewon’twaitforhim.他可能六點鐘回不來。要是這樣，我們就不等他了。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle,butheneversawland.(notuntil置于句首，句子用部分倒裝)直到18世紀末，英國探險家詹姆斯·庫克才穿越了南極圈，但他卻從未發(fā)現(xiàn)任何陸地。佳句①(2018·北京高考書面表達)Althoughthetraditionofdrinkingteadatesbackto3,000BCinChina,notuntilthemid-17thcenturyintheUKdidtheconceptof“afternoontea”appear.雖然飲茶的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到公元前3000年，但直到17世紀中葉，英國才出現(xiàn)了“下午茶”的概念。佳句②Notuntiltherainstoppeddidweleavetherestaurant.直到雨停了我們才離開餐館。2．Thenin1895,aNorwegiancalledCarstensBorchgrevinkbecamethefirstmantosetfootontheAntarcticmainland.(the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋動詞不定式作后置定語)后來到了1895年，一個叫卡斯騰·博克格雷溫克的挪威人成為第一個踏上南極大陸的人。佳句①(2018·浙江高考寫作)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamthefirststudentinmyclasstogoabroadtostudyEnglishfurther.我英語流利，是我們班第一個出國進修英語的人。佳句②Iwanttobethefirstpersontoliveonthemoon.我想成為第一個居住在月球的人。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．AntarcticaisthecontinentwhichisthemostsouthernareaoflandontheEarthandismostlycoveredwithice.南極洲是地球上最南面的大陸，大部分被冰覆蓋著。2．Morepeopleareweletoehereforfurtherstudyofthecontinent!歡迎更多人來探索這個大陸！(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學點——敘事記敘文(一)[題目要求](2020·全國卷Ⅱ)上周末，你和同學參加了一次采摘活動。請你為班級英語角寫一篇短文，介紹這次活動，內(nèi)容包括：1．農(nóng)場情況；2.采摘過程；3.個人感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．題目已為你寫好。MyWeekend[背范文]MyWeekendLastweekend,myclassmatesandIwenttoafarmwherewetookpartinameaningfulpickingactivity.Uponarrivingthere,weweregivenawarmwelebythefarmworkers.Thefarmcovers30squarekilometers,onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason.Aroundthefarmstandmanytreessoastopreventstrongwindsandprovideshelter.Themostinterestingpartwasthatwepickedmanyripevegetablesandfruits,suchastomatoes,watermelonsandpeas,duringwhichweenjoyedtastyfruitsandlearnedmanyinterestingstoriesaboutthefarmandworkers.Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivitycannotbetaughtinaclassroom,sopersonallyspeaking,studentsshouldberegularlyscheduledwithcolorfulandfruitfulactivities.[學亮點]1．學亮麗開頭開頭運用一個陳述句交代了故事發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物、事件，且句子運用定語從句進行整合銜接，使句子非常緊湊、合理。2．學高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：ameaningfulpickingactivity,cover,varietiesof,soasto,personallyspeaking等。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：定語從句wherewetookpartinameaningfulpickingactivity和onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason；“介詞upon＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)Uponarrivingthere；倒裝句Aroundthefarmstandmanytrees...；表語從句thatwepickedmanyripevegetablesandfruits；非限制性定語從句duringwhichweenjoyedtastyfruitsandlearned...；主語從句Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivity等，增加了文章的亮點。3．學精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾使用cannotbetaughtinaclassroom強調(diào)了參加活動的意義，接著，使用personallyspeaking銜接上文，發(fā)表了自己的建議。4．學過渡銜接考生使用了upon,so等銜接詞使文章富有條理性，語意連貫，上下文銜接自然。5．防微點失分考生容易把“Thefarmcovers30squarekilometers,onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason.”中的介詞on誤用成in，或把“Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivitycannotbetaughtinaclassroom...”中的taught誤寫成teached，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Therosesthatyouplantintheautumnshouldflower(開花)thefollowingspring.2．Shebalanced(使平衡)ahugepoteffortlesslyonherheadandwalkeddowntotheriver.3．Somefamousfilmstarstookpartinthemercial(商業(yè)的)activity.4．Thevoyage(航行)fromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.5．Hesuddenlyfeltanintense(強烈的)paininhisbackwhenhebentdown.6．Themountainairwaswonderfullypure(干凈的)sothatvisitorswishedtoliveinthemountainforever.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍部分的漢語意思1．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful. 鼓舞2．(2020·5月天津高考)Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous. 洞察力3．(2018·天津高考)Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements. 儲存4．(2016·北京高考)It’ssuchaprivilegetobeapartofthesekids’lives,evenjustforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories. 榮幸5．(熟詞生義)(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms. 站臺6．(熟詞生義)(2020·天津高考)Youshouldremainmodestwhenapproachingperfection. 謙虛的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Thereisnotenoughroomsothetelevisionisbalanced(balance)ontopofapileofbooks.2．Hergoodfriendwasveryangrybecauseshewasabsent(absence)fromherbirthdayparty.3.Theseseverely(severe)disabledpeoplecontinuetochallengethemselves.4.It’sadepressing(depress)thoughtthatIwillhavetodropout.5．LivingstonewasthefirstEuropeantomakeanexploration(explore)oftheZambeziriver.6.Itisimportanttoassessthereliability(reliable)ofthedata.名師點撥“一站清”(1)balance作為動詞，意思是“使平衡”，此處主語thetelevision和balance之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。balance作為名詞，意思是“平衡”，經(jīng)常構(gòu)成短語keep/loseone’sbalance“保持/失去平衡”。(2)severely是副詞，意思是“嚴重地，艱巨地”，此處修飾形容詞disabled。(3)depressing是形容詞，意思是“令人沮喪的”；depressed也是形容詞，意思是“感到沮喪的”，形容人的內(nèi)心感受。(4)reliability是名詞，其形容詞是reliable。able表示“能的”，它的名詞就是ability，有些以-able/-ible結(jié)尾的形容詞的名詞，把able變成ability。如：capable→capability;responsible→responsibility。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．trap[明其義]v．儲存，留存；困??；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Aftertheyweretrapped(trap)inthecoalminefortwodays,theminerswerefinallyrescued.②Shehadbeentrappedintosaying(say)somethingshedidnotmean.(2)詞匯升級③Heclaimedhewastrickedintotakingdrugs.→Heclaimedhewastrappedintotakingdrugs.[解其困]trapsb.intodoingsth.意思是“誘騙某人做某事”，相當于tricksb.intodoingsth.。2．promote[明其義]v．促進，增進；晉升；提升；宣傳，推銷[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Ourproductshavebeenpromoted(promote)mainlythroughWeChatMomentssinceWeChatappeared.②Thepromotion(promote)ofenergyconservationisbeneficialtotheprotectionofnature.(2)補全句子③Weshouldpromoteawarenessofthedangersthatthreatenourplanettoday.我們應(yīng)該提高對危險的認識，這些危險現(xiàn)在對我們的星球有威脅。④Muchtoourdelight,hewaspromotedtoheadmaster.令我們很高興地是，他被提升為校長。[解其困]promoteawarenessof＝raiseawarenessof意思是“提高對……的認識”；“promotesb.to＋職務(wù)”意思是“提升某人做”。學案(二)詞塊、句式的活學活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空incaseof，breakup，onaverage，inchargeof，eupwith，adaptto，befondof，intheformof，standout，setfooton1.Incaseoffire,runoutimmediatelywithawettowelcoveringyourmouthandnose.2.Itwasgettingwarmerandwarmer,andtheiceintheriverbegantobreakup.3.Themaninchargeofthesupermarketismycousin.4．Onaverage,peoplelostabout11pounds,or5%oftheirbodyweightaftertrainingforayear.5．Mygrandpaisfondofcollectingoldthings.6．Simplyincreasingthespeedofproductionoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.7.Thegovernmentshouldeupwithabettersolutiontotheproblemscausedbythehighpriceofhouse.8．Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,butwewilladapttoit.9．Shealwaysstoodoutinacrowdbecauseherhairwasbrightred.10．Whenpeoplesetfootonastrangeland,theyareusuallyexcitedandmeanwhileterrified.名師點撥“一站清”(1)incaseof是介詞短語，表示“假使，萬一”。incase用作連詞，表示條件或目的，意為“萬一，以防”，或起副詞作用，意為“以防萬一”。如：Incasethereisnofoodathome,hewillbuysome.Hebroughtsomefoodjustincase.(2)breakup的意思是“(指群體中的成員)解散；(指學校、教職員或?qū)W生)期末放假；結(jié)束；瓦解；擊碎”。此處表示“(冰)融化”。(3)inchargeof和inthechargeof：前者表示“負責”，主語通常是人；后者表示“由……負責”，主語通常是物或事。(4)eupwith意思是“想出，提出”，相當于thinkup,raise。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．eupVSeupwith比較①ThesubjectabouthowtolearnEnglishwellcameupinconversation.②Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.辨清(1)eup意思是“(指植物)長出地面，(指太陽)升起；被提及；被討論；出現(xiàn)”，是不及物動詞短語，主語經(jīng)常是物，但不能用于被動語態(tài)。(2)eupwith意思是“找到或提出(答案、辦法等)”，是及物動詞短語，后面可以接賓語。2．inchargeofVStakechargeof比較①Hisbossaskedhimtotakechargeoftheofficeforafewdayswhileshewasaway.②WhowillbeinchargeofthedepartmentwhenSophieleaves？辨清(1)inchargeof是介詞短語，其前面要加be動詞，與be動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。(2)takechargeof是動詞短語，可以作謂語和非謂語。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中breakup的含義)①Theminutethesportsmeetbrokeupateleveno’clock,allstudentsrushedtothedininghall. 結(jié)束②ThelittleboyswhoareeagerforaholidayoftenaskwhentheywillbreakupforChristmas. 放假③Toourastonishment,she’sjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend. 分手[句式的驗收盤點](一)notuntil置于句首，句子用部分倒裝[通其用]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Bamboosweren’tusedinpeople’sdailylifeuntiltheShangDynasty.→NotuntiltheShangDynastywerebamboosusedinpeople’sdailylife.②Hedidn’tseeashipinguntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedays.→Notuntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedaysdidheseeashiping.→Itwasnotuntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedaysthathesawashiping.[解其困]not...until...意思是“直到……才……”，它的倒裝句為：notuntil...＋助動詞＋主語＋其他；此句型的強調(diào)句型為：it＋be動詞＋notuntil...＋that＋主語＋其他。(二)the＋序數(shù)詞(＋n.)＋動詞不定式作后置定語[通其用]補全句子①Hewasthefirstdoctortofindacureforthedisease.他是第一位為這種疾病找到治愈方法的醫(yī)生。②MrSmithwasthelasttospeakatthemeeting.史密斯先生在會議上最后一個發(fā)言。③Thisfactorywasthefirsttobesetupinmyhometown.這家工廠是我的家鄉(xiāng)建立的第一家。[解其困](1)當thefirst,thelast,thebest,theonly,thevery,theright等修飾名詞，且這些詞與動詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時，常用不定式的主動形式作后置定語。(2)動詞不定式如果和被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系，用動詞不定式的被動式。學案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學科素養(yǎng)2019北京高考·閱讀理解D篇——對接課標主題：自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.[2]Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms①(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuel②thegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance.[3]Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulate③theglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean’swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.[4]StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT’sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbeeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters④，suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.eq\o(“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplankton,\s\do4(1))intheoceanchanging，”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”[5]Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.[6]eq\o(Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesintheingdecadeswillprobably,\s\do4(2))betoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①構(gòu)詞法——micro-表示“小的”“微小的”“微量的”microorganismsn． 海洋微生物microphonen. 麥克風microscopen. 顯微鏡②微點撥——名詞動用：fueln. 燃料v. 促進；增加③微積累——regulateregulatevt. 調(diào)節(jié)；約束；控制regulationn. 規(guī)章制度regulatetheglobalclimate調(diào)節(jié)全球氣候④微積累——熟詞生義：watern．水 (熟義)n．水域 (生義)通句式——句子(1)為部分倒裝句當notonly位于句首時，notonly引導(dǎo)的分句要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即助動詞、情態(tài)動詞等放在主語之前，但是butalso分句不倒裝，其中also可省略。通句式——句子(2)中but連接兩個并列句，其中第一個分句中whatever引導(dǎo)主語從句。[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]42．Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B．Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C．Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D．Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.解析：選B段落大意題。閱讀第一段可知，該段主要說明在不久的將來，隨著氣候變暖，不同地區(qū)的海洋將變得更藍、更綠；閱讀第二段可知，氣候變化將影響海洋浮游植物的生長，從而導(dǎo)致海洋外觀的變化。故第一、二段主要介紹了海洋顏色變化的原因。43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial.C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，溫度變化會改變海洋的主要特征，并且能夠影響海洋浮游植物的生長；由此可推知海洋浮游植物對海洋的溫度很敏感，故選A。44．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B．Dutkiewicz’smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C．Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D．Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句和第四句可知，浮游植物數(shù)量越少，海洋的顏色越藍；數(shù)量越多，海洋的顏色越綠，故D項正確。45．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B．Toanalysethepositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C．Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D．Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.解析：選C寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了氣候變暖影響浮游植物的生長變化，進而造成海洋顏色發(fā)生變化，故選C項。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第45題主要考查學生的概括性思維。第一段是主旨句，點出“隨著氣候變暖，不同地區(qū)的海洋將變得更藍、更綠”，然后接下來對其原因進行解釋，整篇文章主題一直貫穿始終，闡述了氣候變暖的影響。由此概括得出C項正確?？忌谄綍r學習中注意概括性思維的鍛煉。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了由于全球氣候變暖導(dǎo)致了海洋浮游植物的變化，進而影響海洋顏色的變化，旨在引導(dǎo)學生關(guān)注自然生態(tài)，增強環(huán)境保護的意識?！熬G水青山就是金山銀山”。中國的發(fā)展不僅要“金山銀山”，也要“綠水青山”，因此在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的同時必須保護環(huán)境，每個人都必須要有強烈的環(huán)保意識。選文極具教育意義，呼吁人們愛護環(huán)境、保護環(huán)境。借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theareahasseenarapidpopulationgrowth(grow)．2．Thescientistsarecarryingoutastudyontheeffectsofglobal(globe)warming.3.Inresponsetothisproblem,various(vary)academicsproposedmanymeasuresandsteps.4．Significantly(significant),thepanyrecentlyopenedahugeshopinAtlanta.5．Exportingisnecessaryforoureconomicsurvival(survive)．Ⅱ.補全句子1．Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateon(專心)herstudies.2．Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinlargequantities(大量地)byplanes.3．Tastesandpreferencesvaryfrompersontoperson(因人而異)．Ⅲ.分析長難句“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”[句式解構(gòu)]本句是主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干是but連接的兩個并列部分It’llbeawhile以及thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbe...，其中before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；show后為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，warningsignals后為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。[句意翻譯]“距我們能在統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)上證明這種變化是由氣候變化引起的還為時尚早”，Dutkiewicz說，“但是海洋的顏色的變化將是一個預(yù)警信號：我們確實已經(jīng)改變了我們的地球。”Ⅳ.主題語境寫作隨著社會的發(fā)展，地球上的資源越來越短缺，所以節(jié)約資源、保護環(huán)境變得尤為重要。請你以“保護環(huán)境從我做起”為題寫一篇小短文。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Protectingtheenvironmentstartsfromme參考范文：ProtectingtheenvironmentstartsfrommeWiththedevelopmentofoursociety,energybeesmoreandmorelimited,soitisquiteimportantforustosaveenergyandtoprotectourenvironment.Asstudents,therearealotofmethodswecandotosaveenergyathome.Firstofall,wecanturnoffthelightsaswellasotherapplianceswhennotusingthem.Secondly,recyclethewastewaterandpapersothatwecanreusethem.What’smore,itisawisechoicetousepublictransportation.Aboveall,everyonecanmakeacontributiontoourenvironment.Solet’stakeactionnow.課下主題訓(xùn)練自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護Ⅰ.閱讀理解AInspireyourstudentswithaschooltriptoAntarctica,thedriest“desert”onearth!Sinceitisnolongerthefieldofjustscientistsandexplorers,weareofferingauniqueopportunityforyouandyourstudentstoexplorethegreatAntarcticregion.Undercarefullycontrolledconditions,youcandiscoverAntarcticextraordinarywildlifeandsceneryonavoyageintheworld’slasttruewilderness.Antarcticaoffersyourstudentsdifferentkindsofstudytopicsfromgeologyandplatetectonics(構(gòu)造學)atDeceptionIslandtocoldenvironments.Asthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld,Antarcticacoversanareaofroughly14millionsquarekilometers,mostofwhichisblanketedbyavasticesheet,averaging2,000metersinthickness.Forhalfoftheyear,itliesindarkness.However,withthearrivalofitsshortsummer,thiscoldlandplayshosttosomeofthegreatestwildlifeonearth.Millionsofpairsofpenguins,andotherseabirdsliveintheregion.Fivespeciesofsealsareregularlyobservedhuntingforfoodonice.Orcas,humpback,whalesandsomeotherseaanimalsareoftenseenfeedingontheocean’srichpicking,addingtotheimpressivelistofmarinemammals.Thesummerclimateisoftensurprisinglymildwithtemperaturesabovefreezingandthelonghoursofdaylightmeanthatwildlifeviewingispossiblealmostanytime.Wewouldarguethatit’simpossibletodescribethesceneryofthiscontinentinasingleword,but“breathtaking”esclose!Thishugecontinentliesunderthesnowandicewhiledramaticmountainrangesarecutthroughbygreatglaciers,forminglotsofcoastalislands,inletsandwaterways.Thesearefilledwithice,bigofsmallglacierssoitisdifficulttogettoAntarcticabyship.Thesculpturedshapesandbeautifulcoloroftheblueoceansinspiretheimaginationandprovideperfectphotographicmoments.AnexpeditionvoyagetoAntarcticaisatripofalifetimeforstudentsandteachersalike.Pricesareavailableonrequest—startingfromapproximately4,500poundsperpersonincludingreturnflightsandvoyage.PleasecontactustofindoutmoreaboutthetraveltoAntarctica.Call01737218807.語篇解讀：本文是一則廣告，鼓勵學生參加南極洲旅行。1．NowAntarcticaisnotonlyalandofscientists,butalso.A．a(chǎn)placewherenolivingthingscanbeseenB．a(chǎn)fantasticcontinentallthestudentsareinterestedinC．a(chǎn)goodtopicforresearchinggeologyandplatetectonicsD．a(chǎn)nexcellentplaceforstudentstomakediscoveriesandexplorations解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Sinceitis...greatAntarcticregion.”可知，南極洲不再僅僅是科學家和探險家去的地方，我們正在為你和你的學生們提供探索南極大陸的機會。故選D。2．Itispossibletoviewthewildlifeinsummeralmostanytimebecause.A．thewildanimalseoutonlyinsummerB．visitorscanviewtheanimalsmoreclearlyinsummerC．summerofferswarmweatherandlonghoursofdaylightD．wildanimalsneversleepduringthesummertime解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thesummerclimate...almostanytime.”可知，夏季氣候溫和，氣溫在零度以上，白天日照時間長意味著觀看野生動物在任何時候都是可能的。故選C。3．Whatdoestheauthorexpectthereaderstodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．TosavemoneyforthetriptoAntarctica.B．Tomakeabetterunderstandingofthepany.C．Togetintouchwitheachothertoorganizetheirtrip.D．TofindfurtherinformationaboutthetriptoAntarctica.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“PleasecontactustofindoutmoreaboutthetraveltoAntarctica.Call01737218807.”可知，作者期望讀者聯(lián)系他們得到更多的關(guān)于去南極洲旅行的信息，打01737218807咨詢。由此可知，選D。BAntarcticaisknownforbeingavastlandoficeandsnow,aplacetoocoldformostlife.Despitethis,thecontinentisslowlystartingtoturnwarm.AccordingtotheGuardian,theAntarctichasregisteredanewhightemperatureforthefirsttimeonrecord,causingfearsofclimateinstabilityintheworld’siciestplace.OnFebruary9,BrazilianresearchersatSeymourIslandreportedatemperatureof20.75℃ontheicycontinentofAntarctica.Itwasalmostafulldegreehigherthanthepreviousrecordof19.8Thisrecord-breakingreadingwastakenatamonitoringstationinthenorthernpartofAntarctica.AccordingtoBraziliansoilscientistCarlosSchaefer,thetemperaturewasdocumentedduringa20-year-longresearchproject.Thefocusofthisprojectistostudytheeffectthatclimatechangehasonthepermafrostwithintheregion.Permafrostissoilthatstaysfrozenforatleasttwoyears.AlthoughthisisafirstrecordhighforAntarctica,Schaeferstressedthat“Wecan’tusethistopredictclimaticchangesinthefuture.It’ssimplyasignalthatsomethingdifferentishappeninginthearea.”Butinfact,thelasthightemperaturereadingwasinthe19℃range.ThesehighertemperaturescancauseiceandglaciersinAntarcticregionstomelt.TheAntarcticpeninsula—thelongfingeroflandthatstretchestowardsArgentina—ismostdramaticallyaffected.Scientistssawglaciersthathaveretreatedbymorethan100metersinDiscoveryBayLikeAmericanwriterErnestHemingwayoncesaid，“TheEarthisafineplaceandworthfightingfor.”Weshoulddoeverythingwecantohelpsaveourplanet.Otherwise,itmaybeetoohotforustofix.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。南極測得有氣象記錄以來的最高溫，引發(fā)人們對于全球極寒之地氣候不穩(wěn)定的擔憂。4．WhatdidBrazilianresearchersreportonFebruary9?A．SignyB．Antarcticahitarecordhightemperatureof20.75℃C．TheaveragetemperatureofAntarcticarangesfrom19.8℃to20.75D．Antarctica’snewrecordtemperatureisafulldegreehigherthanthepreviousdecade.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，2月9日，巴西研究人員在處于嚴寒地帶的南極洲西摩島記錄下了20.75攝氏度的高溫。這比先前西格尼島1982年1月記錄的19.8攝氏度高了將近1攝氏度。故選C。5．What’sthemainpurposeofthe20-year-longresearchproject?A．Topredictpossibleclimaticchangeinthefuture.B．TomonitorAntarctica’scontributionstoworldclimatechange.C．Toexplainwhythepermafrostmaycauseglacierstomelt.D．Toexaminehowthepermafrostisinfluencedbyclimatechange.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thefocusofthisprojectistostudytheeffectthatclimatechangehasonthepermafrostwithintheregion.”可知，該項目的關(guān)注點在于研究氣候變化對于該地區(qū)永久凍土的影響。故選D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retreated”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Movedforward. B．Increasedinsize.C．Coveredacertainarea. D．Gotsmaller.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，高溫天氣會導(dǎo)致南極洲地區(qū)的冰雪與冰川融化，所以此處指科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，探索灣的冰川已經(jīng)后退了100多米，地面的積雪用一周多的時間就化得裸露出