安徽省五校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題 含解析

潁上一中蒙城一中淮南一中懷遠(yuǎn)一中渦陽一中2025屆高三第一次五校聯(lián)考英語試題考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將答題卡上項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whydidn’tthewomanmakeacake?A.Shewasverybusy.B.ShehurtherhandsC.Shewasveryangrywiththeman.2.Whatisthemanusedto?A.Beingdoneharmto.B.Wearingnohat.C.Goingoutonacoldwinterday3.WherewillMaryprobablygotonight?A.Toherhometown.B.ToTom’shome.C.Totheconcert.4.WhoisprobablyHank?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’sbrother.C.Thewoman’sclassmate.5.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.OnTuesday.B.OnThursdayC.OnFriday.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.TobuyanMP4.B.TorepairherMP4.C.ToreplaceherMP4.7.Whatistheman?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesclerk.C.Amanager.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesthewomantalktoProfessorSmith?A.Totakeanadvancedcourse.B.Toaskforsomeadvice.C.Toborrowsomebooks.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthemathcourseshehasalreadytaken?A.Shefounditveryeasy.B.Shehadahardtimekeepingup.C.Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithhergrade.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoesthewomanplantogo?A.ToMaryWhite’s.B.Upnorth.C.Nowhere.11.WhodoyouthinkMaryWhiteis?A.Anexperienceddoctor.B.Theirfriend.C.Bob’ssister.12.Howmanypeoplewillgo?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Lookingforagiftforthewoman’smother.B.Lookingaroundthestorewithoutpurpose.C.Lookingforagiftfortheman’smother.14.Whyisitdifficultforthewomantosolvetheproblem?A.Becausehermotherishardtoplease.B.Becausehermotherhasalmosteverything.C.Becausetherearesomanythingsthatshecan’tmakeuphermind.15.Whichofthefollowingdoesthemansuggestbuying?A.SomeChinesetea.B.Somegrapewine.C.Wineglasses.16.Whatdotheydecidetobuyasagiftatlast?A.Ateapot.B.Afryingpan.C.Apairofglasses.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthewriterdooneday?A.Shepaidavisittoherfriend.B.Shewenttotelephoneheroldfriend.C.Shevisitedafriendandhadlunchwithhim.18.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothisstory?A.Thewriterhadnotmuchdifficultyinfindingaparkingplace.B.Ittookherforty-fiveminutestofindaplacetoparkhiscar.C.Itwasverydifficultforthewritertofindaparkingplace.19.Howdidshelookforhercar?A.Herfriendcalledapoliceman.B.Sheexaminedeverycarinthestreet.C.Sheaskedapolicemanforhelp.20.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Drivinginthecityisapleasure.B.Itisjoyfultofindyourcarinthecrowd.C.Trafficinthecityisaheadache.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AEXPLORETHESEICONICGLOBALSPORTINGEVENTSAreyouasportsenthusiastlookingtoexperiencetheworld’smostthrillingcompetitions?Looknofurther.Herearesomeofthemosticonicsportingeventsgloballythatpromiseexcitementandunforgettablememories.TheOlympicGames,heldeveryfouryears,bringtogetherathletesfromaroundtheglobetocompeteinawiderangeofsports.Summerorwinter,theOlympicsshowcasethepinnacleofhumanathleticachievement.Apartfromtheawe-inspiringtalentondisplay,theeventfostersaspiritofinternationalunityandculturalexchange.Next,theFIFAWorldCupcapturestheheartsoffootballfansworldwide.Thistournament,heldeveryfouryears,seesnationscompeteforthetitleofworldchampion.Withitspassionatefanbaseanddramaticmatches,theWorldCupisacelebrationofskillandteamwork,elevatingfootballtoitshighestlevel.AnothereventworthnotingistheWimbledonChampionships,theoldesttennistournamentintheworld.HostedinLondonannually,Wimbledonisfamousforitslushgrasscourtsandstrictadherencetotradition.Playersstriveforgloryinthisprestigiouscontest,makingitamust-watchfortennisaficionados.Theseeventsoffernotonlycompetitionbutauniqueculturalexperience,drawingspectatorsfromallwalksoflife.Whetheryou’reinthestandsorwatchingfromhome,theelectricatmosphereispalpable.Somarkyourcalendarsandpreparetobepartofhistory.1.Thispassageismeantto________.Acomparedifferentsports. B.criticizeinternationalsportingevents.C.analyzetheeconomicimpactofsportingevents. D.provideanoverviewofmajorsportscompetitions.2.Whichsportingeventisspecificallyknownforitstraditionalsetting?A.TheSuperBowl B.TheOlympicGamesC.TheFIFAWorldCup D.TheWimbledonChampionships3.Whatcommonthemeissharedbyalltheeventsmentioned?A.Theyareheldonceayear.B.Theyfeatureonlyindividualsports.C.Theyemphasizeculturalunityandglobalparticipation.D.Theyareexclusivelyforamateurstomakethemstronger.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了標(biāo)志性的全球體育賽事。【1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Herearesomeofthemosticonicsportingeventsgloballythatpromiseexcitementandunforgettablememories.(以下是一些全球最具標(biāo)志性的體育賽事，它們有望為您帶來激動(dòng)人心的回憶和難忘的回憶。)”可知，本文主要對(duì)一些重大體育競賽進(jìn)行概述，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“HostedinLondonannually,Wimbledonisfamousforitslushgrasscourtsandstrictadherencetotradition.(溫布爾登網(wǎng)球公開賽每年在倫敦舉辦，以其茂盛的草地球場和嚴(yán)格遵循傳統(tǒng)而聞名。)”可知，溫布爾登網(wǎng)球公開賽以其茂盛的草地球場和嚴(yán)格遵循傳統(tǒng)而聞名。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Apartfromtheawe-inspiringtalentondisplay,theeventfostersaspiritofinternationalunityandculturalexchange.(除了展示令人敬畏的人才外，該活動(dòng)還培養(yǎng)了國際團(tuán)結(jié)和文化交流的精神。)”及第三段中“Withitspassionatefanbaseanddramaticmatches,theWorldCupisacelebrationofskillandteamwork,elevatingfootballtoitshighestlevel.(世界杯擁有熱情的球迷群和戲劇性的比賽，是對(duì)技能和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的慶祝，將足球提升到最高水平。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Playersstriveforgloryinthisprestigiouscontest,makingitamust-watchfortennisaficionados.(球員在這項(xiàng)享有盛譽(yù)的比賽中爭奪榮耀，使其成為網(wǎng)球愛好者的必看之作。)”可知，這些賽事共同的主題是強(qiáng)調(diào)文化團(tuán)結(jié)和全球參與，故選C項(xiàng)。BOnSept.29,busdriverRadford-Bakerbeganhershiftlikeanyotherpeople.Itwasshewasfillinginforanotherbusdriverthatdaythatitturnedoutshewasintherightplaceattherighttime.Radford-BakerwasabouttodropoffstudentsatSeagovilleNorthElementarySchoolwhensomethingwentwrong-allofitcaughtonsurveillancevideo(監(jiān)控錄像).Videofrominsidethebusshowed7-year-oldPrestonBellputsomethinginhismouth.Momentslater,hedroppeddownbetweentheseatsbeforeheadingtowardhisbusdriver.“HementionedsomethingaboutapennyandIimmediatelysaid,Penny?Ijustgrabbedhim,randownthestairswithhim.Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”shecontinued.Hewaslimpandblueintheface.ThatiswhenRadford-Bakerspottedaparentandaskedhertocall911.Radford-BakersaidshehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore,butinthatmoment—hertrainingkickedin.“Iwasnervousatthetime.ButIcouldn’tpanic,”shesaid.“AllIsaidtomyselfwas,‘God,helpme.Helpmesavethisbaby.’”Shedidn’tevenrealizewhenaquarterflewoutofPreston’smouth.“Theladysaid,‘Ma’am,there’saquarterthere,’andI’mstillinshockbecauseI’mstilltryingtoworkwithhimandhesteppedtothesideandsaid,‘I’mOK.Icanbreathe,’”Radford-Bakerrecalled.“ItwasapowerfulreliefformebecauseIcan’tbelievethatIjustreversedthiswholethingthatcouldhavereallygonewrong.”Shedoesn’tknowhowshegotthecouragetodowhatshedidthatday,butsheknows,“IfeellikeGodplacedmethereforareason...Imean,ifIwasn’tthere,Idon’tknowwhattheotherdrivermayhavedone.”4.WhydidPrestonBellwalktowardthedriver?A.Becausehetrippedovertheseats. B.Becausehechokedonacoin.C.Becausehesuddenlyfellunconscious. D.Becauseheruinedthevideodevice.5WhatdidRadford-BakerdowhileperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver?A.Shecomfortedthestudent. B.Shetriedtospotthestudent’sparent.C.Shecalled911forimmediateassistance. D.Shegavethestudentmouth-to-mouthbreathing.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“kickedin”meaninPara.4?A.Passeddown. B.Poppedup. C.Cameintobeing. D.Didthetrick.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRadford-Baker?A.Earnestandsympathetic. B.Adventurousandcompetent.C.Courageousandcomposed. D.Approachableandconsiderate.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了公交車司機(jī)Radford-Baker在緊急情況下救助被硬幣噎住的學(xué)生PrestonBell的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Videofrominsidethebusshowed7-year-oldPrestonBellputsomethinginhismouth.Momentslater,hedroppeddownbetweentheseatsbeforeheadingtowardhisbusdriver.(公交車內(nèi)的監(jiān)控錄像顯示，7歲的PrestonBell把某樣?xùn)|西放進(jìn)了嘴里。片刻之后，他倒在座位之間，然后走向司機(jī))”和文章第三段“Hementionedsomethingaboutapenny…(他提到了硬幣...)”可知，PrestonBell在吃了某樣?xùn)|西后突然倒下，并走向司機(jī)，同時(shí)提到了硬幣。結(jié)合后文Radford-Baker的描述，可以推斷PrestonBell是因?yàn)楸挥矌乓《呦蛩緳C(jī)求助。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”(在走向人行道的路上，我其實(shí)正在執(zhí)行海姆立克急救法，”Radford-Baker解釋道?！拔乙恢痹谡f，‘寶貝，呼吸。我在這里。呼吸，’”)”可知，Radford-Baker在執(zhí)行海姆立克急救法時(shí)，一直在安慰和鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生呼吸。故選A。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Radford-BakersaidshehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore,but…(Radford-Baker說她之前從未執(zhí)行過海姆立克急救法，但……)”可知，Radford-Baker雖然之前沒有執(zhí)行過海姆立克急救法，但在緊急情況下，她的訓(xùn)練發(fā)揮了作用。這里的“kickedin”意思是“開始起作用，奏效”。因此，選項(xiàng)D“Didthetrick(奏效，起作用)”是正確的。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““HementionedsomethingaboutapennyandIimmediatelysaid,Penny?Ijustgrabbedhim,randownthestairswithhim.Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”Radford-Bakerexplained.“ThewholeentiretimeI’msaying,‘Baby,breathe.Igotyou.Breathe,’”shecontinued.Hewaslimpandblueintheface.(“他提到了硬幣，”Radford-Baker解釋道，“我立刻問，‘是硬幣嗎？’然后我就抓住他，和他一起跑下樓梯。在去人行道的路上，我其實(shí)正在給他做海姆立克急救法。”“我一直對(duì)他說，‘寶貝，呼吸。我在這里，呼吸，’”她繼續(xù)說道。他當(dāng)時(shí)身體綿軟，臉色發(fā)青)”可推知，Radford-Baker在緊急情況下表現(xiàn)出極大的勇氣和冷靜。她不僅迅速反應(yīng)執(zhí)行急救法，還一直安慰學(xué)生并尋求幫助。這些行為展示了她的勇敢和鎮(zhèn)定。因此，選項(xiàng)C“Courageousandcomposed(勇敢且鎮(zhèn)定)”最能描述Radford-Baker。故選C。CThegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.Theyevenfilmedtheincidentandposteditonsocialnetworkingsites,sparkingwidespreadandheateddiscussion.Inthevideo,thelittlegirlisseensqueezedinsideanarrowrestroomwiththetwofemalepassengers,cryingastheyrepeatedlytellhershecan’tleaveuntilshestopscrying.Anumberofparentswhowatchedthevideolosttheircool,feelingthatsocietyhasbecometoostrict,evenchild-averse.Theyrecalledhowtravellingwiththeirkidswasananxiousandunsettledexperience,alwaysfearingthatanynoisemightannoyothers.Anetizensharedonlinethatshehasbeenrepeatedlyinstructedbytrainorflightattendantsto“keepherchildundercontrol”,leadinghertofeeldiscriminatedagainstasamother.LiuMinghui,alawyerwiththeDaoRongLawFirminBeijing,saidthisactionisinappropriateandifthechildfallsillasaresult,itinfringes(侵害)onherrighttohealth.Liualsoemphasizedthatguardiansshouldneverallowstrangerstotaketheirchildrenaway,astherisksaresimplytoounpredictable.QiaoXinsheng,aprofessoroflawfromZhongnanUniversity,saidparents’permissivenesswasmakingchildrenundisciplined,andhavingstrangersstepinmightbeaneffectiveapproach,solongasdonewiththeguardian’sagreementandpresence.In2011,Germany,knownforitsstrictnoisecontrol,changeditslawtoallownoiseexemption(豁免)rightstochildrenundersix,recognizingthattheirsoundsarenaturalandharmlesstotheenvironment.Whilechildrenaremindfulofothersfromanearlyage,thepublicshouldoffermorepatienceandunderstanding.Don’tbehardonthem.8.Whywasthelittlegirltakentotherestroomontheplane?A.Tobearblame. B.Torelieveherself. C.Tofilmtheincident. D.Tocryoutalone.9.Howdidmanyparentsfeelatsightofthevideo?A.Angryandshocked B.IndifferentandspeechlessC.Desperateanddepressed D.Embarrassedandguilty10.Whatcanbeinferredbasedondifferentpeople’sviews?A.Childrendisciplinedbystrangerscanberesilient.B.Twostrangersmaytakepotentialconsequencescaused.C.Permissiveparentingcanerasedisciplineproblems.D.Theguardian’spresencefreesstrangers’responsibility11.Whatdoestheauthormainlyconvey?A.Becautiousofstrangers. B.Don’tbeangrytothepersonintears.C.Betolerantofignorantchildren. D.Don’tblamethechildforanyfault.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述飛機(jī)上小女孩被陌生人管教這一事件以及引發(fā)的廣泛討論，探討在公共場合對(duì)待兒童哭鬧等情況應(yīng)持有的態(tài)度?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.(一名一歲女孩的祖母允許兩名憤怒的同機(jī)乘客帶她的孫女去洗手間進(jìn)行管教，因?yàn)樵陲w行途中女孩一直在不停地哭泣)”可知，小女孩在飛機(jī)上一直哭，兩名憤怒的同機(jī)乘客要帶她去洗手間管教她，也就是讓她去承擔(dān)被管教的責(zé)任。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Anumberofparentswhowatchedthevideolosttheircool,feelingthatsocietyhasbecometoostrict,evenchild-averse.(不少觀看影片的家長失去了冷靜，覺得社會(huì)變得太嚴(yán)格了，甚至厭惡孩子)”可知，很多看過視頻的父母都很生氣，覺得社會(huì)變得太嚴(yán)格，甚至厭惡孩子了。由此可知，他們是既生氣又震驚的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“LiuMinghui,alawyerwiththeDaoRongLawFirminBeijing,saidthisactionisinappropriateandifthechildfallsillasaresult,itinfringes(侵害)onherrighttohealth.Liualsoemphasizedthatguardiansshouldneverallowstrangerstotaketheirchildrenaway,astherisksaresimplytoounpredictable.(北京道榮律師事務(wù)所的律師劉明輝說，這種行為是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，如果孩子因此生病，就侵犯了她的健康?quán)。劉還強(qiáng)調(diào)，監(jiān)護(hù)人絕不能允許陌生人帶走他們的孩子，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)險(xiǎn)實(shí)在是太不可預(yù)測了)”可知，律師劉明輝認(rèn)為這種行為不合適，兩名陌生人這樣做可能會(huì)帶來潛在的后果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thegrandmotherofaone-year-oldgirlallowedtwoangryco-passengerstotakehergranddaughtertotherestroomfordiscipliningasshewascryingcontinuouslyduringaflight.Theyevenfilmedtheincidentandposteditonsocialnetworkingsites,sparkingwidespreadandheateddiscussion.(一名一歲女孩的祖母允許兩名憤怒的副乘客帶她的孫女去洗手間管教，因?yàn)閷O女在飛行過程中不斷哭泣。他們甚至將事件拍攝下來并發(fā)布到社交網(wǎng)站上，引發(fā)了廣泛而激烈的討論)”及最后一段“In2011,Germany,knownforitsstrictnoisecontrol,changeditslawtoallownoiseexemption(豁免)rightstochildrenundersix,recognizingthattheirsoundsarenaturalandharmlesstotheenvironment.Whilechildrenaremindfulofothersfromanearlyage,thepublicshouldoffermorepatienceandunderstanding.Don’tbehardonthem.(2011年，以嚴(yán)格噪音控制而聞名的德國修改了法律，允許6歲以下兒童享有噪音豁免權(quán)利，承認(rèn)他們的聲音是自然的，對(duì)環(huán)境無害。雖然孩子們從小就關(guān)心他人，但公眾應(yīng)該提供更多的耐心和理解。不要對(duì)他們太苛刻)”可推知，作者主要是想傳達(dá)公眾應(yīng)該對(duì)孩子多一些耐心和理解，不要對(duì)他們太苛刻，也就是要寬容無知的孩子。故選C項(xiàng)。DScientistshavecreatedavirtualbrainnetworkthatcanpredictthebehaviorofindividualneurons(神經(jīng)元)inalivingbrain.Themodelisbasedonafruitfly’svisualsystem,whichoffersscientistsawaytoquicklytestideasonacomputerbeforeinvestingweeksinexperimentsinvolvingactualfliesorotherlabanimals.Theapproach,describedinthejournalNature,alsosuggeststhatpower-hungryartificialintelligencesystemslikeChatGPTmightconsumemuchlessenergyiftheyusedsomeofthecomputationstrategies(計(jì)算策略)foundinalivingbrain.Afruitflybrainis“smallandenergyefficient,”saysJakobMacke,aprofessorattheUniversityofTubingenandanauthorofthestudy.“It’sabletodosomanycomputations.It’sabletofly,it’sabletowalk,it’sabletodetectpredators,it’sabletosurvive-usingjust100,000neurons.”Incontrast,AIsystemstypicallyrequirecomputerswithbillionsoftransistors(晶體管)Worldwide,theyconsumeasmuchpowerasasmallcountry.WhenscientiststhinkaboutAIrightnow,theleadingchargeistomaketheseAIsystemsmorepowerefficient.Borrowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainmightbeonewaytomakethathappen,hesays.Thevirtualbrainnetworkwasmadepossiblebyintenseresearchonthecompositionandstructureofthefruitflybrain.Muchofthisworkwasdonebytheteamwhichhasmapsthatshoweveryneuronandeveryconnectionintheinsect’sbrain.Thesemapshelpcreateacomputermodelthatcanbehavemuchlikethefruitfly’svisualsystem.Thissystemaccountsformostoftheanimal’sbrain.“BrainsaresocomplexthatIthinktheonlywayweareeverabletounderstandthemisbybuildingaccuratemodels,”Mackesays.Ultimately,theteamproducedamodelthatcouldpredicthoweveryneuronintheartificialnetworkwouldrespondtoaparticularvideo.Remarkably,themodelalsopredictedtheresponseofneuronsinactualfruitfliesthathadseenthesamevideosinearlierstudies.Futureversionsofthemodelareexpectedtoextendbeyondthevisualsystem.andtoincludetasksbeyonddetectingmotion.“Wenowhaveaplanforhowtobuildwhole-brainmodelsofbrainsthatdointerestingcomputations,”Mackesays.12.Whatcanavirtualbrainnetworkgetscientiststoguess?A.Howtheflybrainworksafteranexperimentaltest. B.Howneuronsinanimals’brainfunctionindividually.C.Howafruitfly’svisualsystemcomesintobeing. D.Howscientists’predictioncanbepassedquickly.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3mean?A.LoweringAIsystems’energyconsumption. B.KnowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainC.MeasuringChatGPT’computingaccuracy. D.EvaluatingthequantityofAI’stransistors.14.Howcanbuildingmodelshelpscientistsknowcomplexbrains?A.Preciselyandstatistically. B.Ambiguouslyandabstractly.C.Accuratelyandtheoretically. D.Directlyanduniversally.15.Whatisfutureversionsofthemodelexpectedtobe?A.AI-assistedToolsforwhole-brainscience. B.Complexsystemsfordetectingmotion.C.Wonderfulvideosrecordingneurons’responses D.Multi-functionalartificialnetworks.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹科學(xué)家創(chuàng)建的虛擬大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)這一科研成果，包括其基于果蠅視覺系統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)建原理、能夠預(yù)測活體大腦中單個(gè)神經(jīng)元行為的功能，以及闡述該成果對(duì)人工智能系統(tǒng)能耗問題的啟發(fā)，最后還提及了該模型未來版本的拓展方向及其潛在影響。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientistshavecreatedavirtualbrainnetworkthatcanpredictthebehaviorofindividualneuronsinalivingbrain.(科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)虛擬大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)，該網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠預(yù)測活體大腦中單個(gè)神經(jīng)元的行為。)”可知，虛擬大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)能讓科學(xué)家預(yù)測活體大腦中單個(gè)神經(jīng)元的行為，也就是動(dòng)物大腦中的神經(jīng)元是如何單獨(dú)發(fā)揮作用的，故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenscientiststhinkaboutAIrightnow,theleadingchargeistomaketheseAIsystemsmorepowerefficient.Borrowingstrategiesfromthefruitflybrainmightbeonewaytomakethathappen,hesays.(當(dāng)科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在想到人工智能時(shí)，首要任務(wù)是使這些人工智能系統(tǒng)更加節(jié)能。他說，借鑒果蠅大腦的策略可能是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的一種方法。)”可知，that指代的是降低人工智能系統(tǒng)的能源消耗，故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thesemapshelpcreateacomputermodelthatcanbehavemuchlikethefruitfly’svisualsystem.Thissystemaccountsformostoftheanimal’sbrain.(這些地圖有助于創(chuàng)建一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)模型，該模型的行為與果蠅的視覺系統(tǒng)非常相似。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)可以解釋大部分的動(dòng)物大腦。)”可知，該模型與果蠅的視覺系統(tǒng)非常相似，而且可以解釋大部分的動(dòng)物大腦行為，說明該模型可以直接地幫助科學(xué)家了解普遍動(dòng)物的復(fù)雜的大腦行為。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Futureversionsofthemodelareexpectedtoextendbeyondthevisualsystem.andtoincludetasksbeyonddetectingmotion.‘Wenowhaveaplanforhowtobuildwhole-brainmodelsofbrainsthatdointerestingcomputations,’Mackesays(該模型的未來版本有望超越視覺系統(tǒng)。并包括探測運(yùn)動(dòng)以外的任務(wù)?！拔覀儸F(xiàn)在有一個(gè)計(jì)劃，如何構(gòu)建可以進(jìn)行有趣計(jì)算的大腦全腦模型，”Macke說)”可知，該模型的未來版本有望超越視覺系統(tǒng)，并且包括除檢測運(yùn)動(dòng)之外的其他任務(wù)，即成為全腦科學(xué)人工智能輔助工具。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheImpactofExtracurricularActivitiesonStudentDevelopmentExtracurricularactivitiessignificantlycontributetopersonalandsocialdevelopment,preparingstudentsforfuturechallenges.Workingtowardsacommongoalenhancestheirpersonalabilitytocollaborateandcommunicateeffectively.___16___.Whenstudentsengageingroupprojects,theylearntheimportanceofresponsibilityandcanbuildlastingrelationshipsbasedonmutualrespectandunderstanding.Moreover,extracurricularactivitiesprovideaplatformforstudentstodiscoverandpursuetheirpassions.Whetherit’sinarts,science,orcommunityservice,theseexperiencesallowstudentstoexplorevariedinterestsoutsidetheclassroom.___17___Thisexplorationhelpsstudentsdevelopasenseofidentityandpurpose,crucialfortheirpersonalgrowthanddecision-makingskills.Despitethesebenefits,balancingextracurricularactivitieswithacademicresponsibilitiescanbechallenging.Studentsoftenfacethedilemmaofmanagingtheirtimeefficientlytomeetbothacademicandextracurricularcommitments.___18___Timemanagementbecomesanessentialskill,enablingstudentstoprioritizeandmaintainbalanceintheirlives.Furthermore,beinginvolvedinactivitiesoutsideschoolcanexpandastudent’ssocialnetwork.Itoffersopportunitiestoconnectwithpeerswhohavesimilarinterests,fosteringfriendshipsthatextendbeyondschool.___19___Theseconnectionscanleadtoasupportivenetworkthatprovidesencouragementandadviceduringchallengingtimes.Educatorsandparentsshouldencouragestudentstoparticipateinextracurricularactivitiesstrategically.Guidingstudentstochooseactivitiesthatalignwiththeirinterestsandpotentialcareerpathscanenhancetheiroveralleducationalexperience.___20___Thisguidancehelpsstudentsprepareforfutureacademicandcareeraspirations,makingthetransitionsmoother.A.Solearningtosetprioritiesbecomesessential.B.Theybecomeexpertinhandlingdiversereal-worldcases.C.Additionally,itcanimprovestudents’academicperformanceindirectly.D.Therefore,studentsoftenfindtheseexperiencesrewardingandenriching.E.Similarly,such.interactionscanbroadentheirbetterunderstandingoftheworldF.Thisdynamicenvironmentfostersbothpersonalandinterpersonaldevelopment.G.Ultimately,thisguidanceisvitallyimportantforfuturecareersuccessandadaptability.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了課外活動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生個(gè)人和社會(huì)發(fā)展的影響，以及教育者和家長應(yīng)如何引導(dǎo)學(xué)生戰(zhàn)略性地參與課外活動(dòng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Workingtowardsacommongoalenhancestheirpersonalabilitytocollaborateandcommunicateeffectively.(為共同目標(biāo)而努力可以提高他們的個(gè)人合作和有效溝通能力)”指出共同目標(biāo)對(duì)提升個(gè)人能力的作用，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Thisdynamicenvironmentfostersbothpersonalandinterpersonaldevelopment.(這種動(dòng)態(tài)的環(huán)境促進(jìn)了個(gè)人和人際關(guān)系的發(fā)展)”中的this指代上文提到的“為共同目標(biāo)而努力'”這種環(huán)境，且F項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步說明了這種環(huán)境對(duì)個(gè)人和人際關(guān)系發(fā)展的促進(jìn)作用，與上文銜接緊密。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Whetherit’sinarts,science,orcommunityservice,theseexperiencesallowstudentstoexplorevariedinterestsoutsidetheclassroom.(無論是在藝術(shù)、科學(xué)還是社區(qū)服務(wù)方面，這些經(jīng)歷都能讓學(xué)生探索課堂之外的各種興趣)”指出課外活動(dòng)可以讓學(xué)生探索課堂之外的興趣，D項(xiàng)“Therefore,studentsoftenfindtheseexperiencesrewardingandenriching.(因此，學(xué)生往往覺得這些經(jīng)歷很有收獲，也很豐富)”是對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，指出學(xué)生能從這些課外活動(dòng)中獲得益處，且D項(xiàng)中的“therefore”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，銜接自然。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Studentsoftenfacethedilemmaofmanagingtheirtimeefficientlytomeetbothacademicandextracurricularcommitments.(學(xué)生們經(jīng)常面臨高效管理時(shí)間以滿足學(xué)術(shù)和課外承諾的兩難境地)”指出學(xué)生在時(shí)間管理上面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，A項(xiàng)“Solearningtosetprioritiesbecomesessential.(所以學(xué)會(huì)設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)變得至關(guān)重要)”中的“so”與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出面對(duì)時(shí)間管理的挑戰(zhàn)，學(xué)會(huì)設(shè)定優(yōu)先級(jí)是必要的，與上文銜接緊密。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Itoffersopportunitiestoconnectwithpeerswhohavesimilarinterests,fosteringfriendshipsthatextendbeyondschool.(它提供了與有相似興趣的同齡人交流的機(jī)會(huì)，培養(yǎng)了超越學(xué)校的友誼)”指出課外活動(dòng)能讓學(xué)生與有相似興趣的同齡人建立聯(lián)系，E項(xiàng)“Similarly,suchinteractionscanbroadentheirbetterunderstandingoftheworld.(同樣，這樣的互動(dòng)可以拓寬他們對(duì)世界的更好理解)”中的similarly與上文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步指出這種互動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生理解世界的積極作用，且E項(xiàng)中的“such”指代上文提到的“與有相似興趣的同齡人交流的機(jī)會(huì)”，銜接自然。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Guidingstudentstochooseactivitiesthatalignwiththeirinterestsandpotentialcareerpathscanenhancetheiroveralleducationalexperience.(引導(dǎo)學(xué)生選擇符合他們興趣和潛在職業(yè)道路的活動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)他們的整體教育體驗(yàn))”指出教育者和家長應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生戰(zhàn)略性地參與課外活動(dòng)，G項(xiàng)“Ultimately,thisguidanceisvitallyimportantforfuturecareersuccessandadaptability.(最終，這種指導(dǎo)對(duì)未來職業(yè)成功和適應(yīng)能力至關(guān)重要)”中的“thisguidance”指代上文提到的“引導(dǎo)學(xué)生選擇活動(dòng)”，且G項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了這種指導(dǎo)對(duì)學(xué)生未來職業(yè)成功和適應(yīng)能力的重要性，與上文銜接緊密。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It’s11a.m.onaglowingPerthdayandI’mwalkingmyblackLabradorbytheriver.She___21___theneatgrassedgingthefootpath.Aglimpseofthebottlenosedolphinsthatcallthisriverhomewould___22___myday.That’swhenIsuddenlythinkofmyson,Alex.WhenAlexmovedtoNewYork,itlefta___23___inmyheart.ButIwasn’t___24___he’dtriedlivingthere—hewasanenthusiastforlife.Whenhewasyoung,heloveditwhenhisgrandfather___25___FrankSinatraonthecarstereo.NewYork,NewYorkwashisfavoritesong.Nowhe’saNewYorker,___26___withconcreteandglass,livinginafifth-floorapartmentwithhiscompanions.I’malwaysexcitedbyhis___27___calls,givingmeapeekintohislife.Thephotoshe’sshownmeoftheblackcatthatlivesnearhishomearesofunny.Hetoldmeto___28___thecatonInstagram,whereIlearnedthecatwasthewayofdrivingoffmillionsofratsthat___29___hismodestlittlehome.___30___,myworriesaboutratsfeelsmall-scalecomparedwithmyotherpreviousconcerns.Iremembermy___31___backinFebruarywhenAlexwasseriouslyill,and18,000kmawayonlyaddedtomy___32___sorrow.ThequietnessisbrokenbyavideocallfromAlex.Iturnmyphonesohecanseethegentleriverwevisited.Suddenlytheconnection___33___andAlexisgone.Eyesbrimming,IspotMotherdolphinsnurturingtheirbabiesandpassingonlifelessonsjustasI’vedonebefore.NowAlexhas___34___andhastheconfidencetoexplorelifeonhisown.Mysadnessismixedwithpride,evenifhe’shavingallthose___35___alongside.21.A.tastes B.sniffs C.touches D.barks22.A.fill B.enrich C.have D.make23.A.hole B.scar C.memory D.song24.A.surprised B.scared C.delighted D.concerned25.A.read B.wrote C.composed D.played26.A.equipped B.surrounded C.decorated D.packed27.A.urgent B.temporary C.precious D.reliable28.A.catch B.delete C.shoot D.follow29.A.reached B.found C.shared D.abandoned30.A.Instead B.Still C.Also D.Thus31.A.hardships B.barriers C.fears D.despair32.A.protection B.reflection C.connection D.separation33.A.breaksaway B.dropsout C.hangsabout D.takesoff34.A.recovered B.resigned C.matured D.travelled35.A.rats B.cats C.companions D.natives【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位母親對(duì)遠(yuǎn)在他鄉(xiāng)兒子的思念之情以及她從自然中獲得的情感慰藉。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她嗅著沿著人行道整齊修剪的草。A.tastes嘗；B.sniffs嗅；C.touches觸摸；D.barks吠叫。根據(jù)上文“It’s11a.m.onaglowingPerthdayandI’mwalkingmyblackLabradorbytheriver.”可知，我?guī)е业暮谏祭嗳诤舆吷⒉剑吠ǔ?huì)用鼻子嗅聞草地。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到那些把這條河當(dāng)作家園的寬吻海豚會(huì)讓我這一天變得特別美好。A.fill充滿；B