儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解析-20211202

1—趙家林2021-12-02儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)

國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解析

IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards12/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsContent212/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards其他國(guó)家儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)介5UL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)4IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)3儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概覽21儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)312/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)（EnergyStorageSystem:ESS）：Equipmentthatreceivesenergyandthenprovidesameanstostorethatenergyinsomeformforlateruseinordertosupplyelectricalenergywhenneeded.(UL9540)能夠接收能量，然后通過(guò)一定方式存儲(chǔ)能量，待需要時(shí)以電能的方式被使用的設(shè)備。儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)種類(lèi)Source:EnergyMarketAuthority,HandbookforEnergyStorageSystems機(jī)械儲(chǔ)能電化學(xué)儲(chǔ)能熱儲(chǔ)能電氣儲(chǔ)能化學(xué)儲(chǔ)能儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)412/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards比較項(xiàng)目一般電氣產(chǎn)品儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)*構(gòu)成單一產(chǎn)品形態(tài)多個(gè)子系統(tǒng)及零部件組成應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景單一應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景多應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景：戶(hù)用、工商業(yè)、公用事業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以電氣危害為主電氣危害+能量危害+火災(zāi)和爆炸危害備注：*主要以鋰離子電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)為例。Content512/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards其他國(guó)家儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)介5UL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)4IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)3儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概覽21儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概覽612/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards系統(tǒng)安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、系統(tǒng)安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、特殊測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)北美ANSI/CAN/UL9540:2020ANSI/CAN/UL9540A:2019NFPA855:2020澳洲AS/NZS5139:2019歐洲ENIEC62933-5-2:2020VDE-AR-E2510-2:2021VDE-AR-E2510-50:2017國(guó)際電工委員會(huì)IECTS62933-5-1:2017IEC62933-5-2:2020新加坡TR77-2:2020Content712/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards其他國(guó)家儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)介5UL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)4IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)3儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概覽21IEC62933系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)StructureofIEC62933series812/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsIEC62933seriesPart1:VocabularyPart2:UnitparametersandtestingmethodsPart3:PlanningandperformanceassessmentofelectricalenergystoragesystemsPart4:EnvironmentalissuesPart5:Safetyconsiderationsforgrid-integratedEESsystems安全要求環(huán)境影響設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃和性能評(píng)估參數(shù)和測(cè)試方法詞匯定義儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)安全要求

SafetyRequirementsforelectricalenergystorage(EES)systems912/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsIECTS62933-5-1:安全考量通用規(guī)范

IEC62933-5-2:安全要求——電化學(xué)系統(tǒng)IEC62933-5-2框架Framework1012/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards一般說(shuō)明范圍Scope參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Normativereferences名詞定義Termsanddefinitions電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)基本準(zhǔn)則BasicguidelinesforsafetyofBESS危害考慮Hazardconsiderations電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估BESSsystemriskassessment降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需要求Requirementsnecessarytoreducerisks系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting指引和手冊(cè)Guidelinesandmanuals風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估及降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)措施測(cè)試驗(yàn)證文件要求IEC62933-5-2:電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)安全基本準(zhǔn)則

BasicguidelinesforsafetyofBESS1112/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析儲(chǔ)能模式定義（4.2&6.1）危害識(shí)別（6.3.1&6.3.2）風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估（6.3.3&6.3.4）風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)（6.3.3&6.3.4）風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是否可容忍：對(duì)操作人員、用戶(hù)和相鄰人員的影響IEC62933-5-2:電池儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)安全基本準(zhǔn)則

BasicguidelinesforsafetyofBESS1212/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低（7&8）風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估、評(píng)價(jià)（6.3.3&6.3.4）驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試（7&8）條款7降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需要求Clause7Requirementsnecessarytoreducerisks條款8系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Clause8SystemvalidationandtestingIEC62933-5-2:危害考慮Hazardconsiderations1312/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards電氣危害Electricalhazards:觸電Electricshock——燒傷Burns，心室顫動(dòng)Ventricularfibrillation弧閃Arcflash——燒傷Burns靜電Staticelectricity——引發(fā)其他危害，如爆炸explosion機(jī)械危害Mechanicalhazards電磁危害Hazardsarisingfromelectrical,magnetic,andelectromagneticfields火災(zāi)危害Firehazards溫度危害Temperaturehazards：高溫&低溫化學(xué)危害Chemicalhazards爆炸危害ExplosionhazardsIEC62933-5-2:危害考慮Hazardconsiderations1412/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards儲(chǔ)能種類(lèi)

BESSCategory電氣危害Electrical爆炸危害Explosion火災(zāi)危害Fire溫度危害Temperature化學(xué)危害Chemical主要危害PrincipalhazardsC-A:鋰電池YYYYY熱失控、熱蔓延可燃?xì)怏w泄漏火災(zāi)導(dǎo)致化學(xué)有毒氣體C-B:鉛酸電池YYNNY可燃化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳播有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳播C-C:高溫電池YYYYY熱擴(kuò)散異常加熱C-D:液流電池YYNYY可燃化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳播有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)傳播IEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)級(jí)別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析Systemlevelriskanalysis1512/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsBESS系統(tǒng)級(jí)別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析應(yīng)當(dāng)基于系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和復(fù)雜度采用以下或等同方法進(jìn)行評(píng)估：ThesystemlevelBESSriskanalysisshallbeperformedbasedontherisk(BESSsize/severity)andcomplexityofthesystemusingoneofthefollowingtechniquesoranequivalentone:自下而上第一性原則風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析：例如失效模式分析FMEA(IEC60812)bottom-upfirstprinciplesriskanalysis(e.g.failuremodeandeffectanalysis(FMEA):seeIEC60812);自上而下分析：例如故障樹(shù)FTA(IEC61025)top-downanalysis(e.g.faulttreeanalysis(FTA):seeIEC61025);綜合分析：例如危害與可操作性研究HAZOP(IEC61882)，系統(tǒng)理論事故模型和過(guò)程STAMPcombinedand/orintegratedanalysis(e.g.hazardandoperabilitystudy(HAZOP):seeIEC61882,STAMP(systemstheoreticaccidentmodelandprocesses)).IEC62933-5-2:降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需要求——產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)角度

Requirementsnecessarytoreducerisks1612/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的方法The

priority

of

risk

reduction

approaches:本質(zhì)安全設(shè)計(jì)

inherentlysafedesign防護(hù)和保護(hù)裝置guardsandprotectivedevices提供終端用戶(hù)信息informationforendusersIEC62933-5-2:降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需要求——過(guò)程控制角度

Requirementsnecessarytoreducerisks1712/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards從過(guò)程控制角度：控制和監(jiān)視預(yù)防緩解現(xiàn)場(chǎng)緊急響應(yīng)區(qū)域緊急響應(yīng)以火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為例：BMS控制+偵測(cè)（氣體/溫感/煙感）維護(hù)保養(yǎng)滅火裝置聲光報(bào)警消防救援損害從故障演變?yōu)槭鹿室约白钚』瘬p害的層級(jí)措施最小化危害的一般風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低措施IEC62933-5-2:降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所需要求

Requirementsnecessarytoreducerisks1812/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards預(yù)防措施Preventivemeasures安全設(shè)計(jì)Safetydesign防護(hù)和保護(hù)措施Guardsandprotectivemeasures生命周期安全管理LifecyclesafetymanagementIEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting1912/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards試驗(yàn)Test條款Subclauseno.參考文件Referenceddocument型式試驗(yàn)TypeTest工廠驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)FATTest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)SATTest備注Remark電氣危害Electricalhazards短路保護(hù)Short-circuitprotection-X--過(guò)充、高電流充電和接地故障保護(hù)Overcharge,highcurrentchargeandearthfaultprotection-X-X模擬故障脈沖耐受電壓保護(hù)ImpulsewithstandvoltageprotectionIEC60664-1X--“V-L”:OVCIII耐壓DielectricvoltageIEC60664-1XXX“V-L”:OVCIII絕緣電阻InsulationresistanceIEC60364-6XXX接地系統(tǒng)檢查EarthingandbondingsystemcheckIEC62368-1IEC61936-1X-X防孤島Anti-islanding-XXXIEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting2012/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards試驗(yàn)Test條款Subclauseno.參考文件Referenceddocument型式試驗(yàn)TypeTest工廠驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)FATTest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)SATTest備注Remark機(jī)械危害Mechanicalhazards殼體沖擊EnclosureimpactIEC62477-1X--靜態(tài)壓力StaticforceIEC62477-1X--地震沖擊和震動(dòng)Earthquakeimpactandvibration---X爆炸Explosion可燃?xì)怏w規(guī)格Specificationofflammablegas-X--氣體偵測(cè)/廢氣偵測(cè)Gasdetection/off-gasdetectionIEC60079-29(allparts)XXX通風(fēng)VentilationIEC60079-7IEC60079-13-XX電磁危害Hazardsarisingfromelectric,magnetic,andelectromagneticfields8.2.4IEC61000-1-2IEC61000-6-7IEC60364-4-44X--EMCIEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting2112/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards試驗(yàn)Test條款Subclauseno.參考文件Referenceddocument型式試驗(yàn)TypeTest工廠驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)FATTest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)SATTest備注Remark火災(zāi)危害Firehazards(propagation)8.2.5IEC62619XXXUL9540A儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)如果存在熱失控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，其火災(zāi)特性需要參考附錄C通過(guò)大規(guī)?；馃囼?yàn)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)，根據(jù)其預(yù)期安裝情況帶或者不帶消防系統(tǒng)。ThefirecharacteristicsofaBESSwhichhasthepotentialtoexhibitthermalrunawayaccordingtoAnnexBshouldbedeterminedthroughalarge-scalefiretestoftheBESSthatevaluatesfirepropagationandheatgenerationforananticipatedBESSinstallationwithandwithoutthefiresuppressionsystem.Testdatageneratedasaresultoflarge-scalefiretestingcanvalidateaBESSinstallationwiththeintendedfiresuppressionsystem.SeeAnnexCfordetailsregardinglarge-scalefiretesting.大規(guī)?；馃囼?yàn)方法參考UL9540A.Alarge-scalefiretestofaBESSisintendedtoevaluatethefirecharacteristicsofaBESSsystemthatundergoesthermalrunaway.ThedatageneratedcanbeusedtodeterminethefireandexplosionprotectionrequiredforinstallationofaBESS.AnexampleofthistypeoftestmethodcanbefoundinUL9540A.IEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting2212/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards試驗(yàn)Test條款Subclauseno.參考文件Referenceddocument型式試驗(yàn)TypeTest工廠驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)FATTest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)SATTest備注Remark溫度危害Temperaturehazards熱控制操作驗(yàn)證Verificationofthermalcontroloperation-X-X電池溫度控制通風(fēng)子系統(tǒng)異常操作Abnormaloperationsofsubsystemsforventilation-X-X封堵或斷開(kāi)正常工作溫度試驗(yàn)Temperatureundernormaloperationtest-X-X滿(mǎn)載充放電化學(xué)危害Chemicaleffects有毒液體規(guī)格Specificationoftoxicfluids-X--適用于有有害液體的儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)液體偵測(cè)Fluidsdetection-XXX有害液體保護(hù)措施Protectivemeasuresagainsthazardousfluids-XXXIEC62933-5-2:系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試Systemvalidationandtesting2312/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards試驗(yàn)Test條款Subclauseno.參考文件Referenceddocument型式試驗(yàn)TypeTest工廠驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)FATTest現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)SATTest備注Remark輔源控制和通訊系統(tǒng)故障危害Hazardsarisingfromauxiliary,controlandcommunicationsystemmalfunctions8.2.8IECTS62933-5-1X-X基于FMEA故障模擬環(huán)境危害Hazardsarisingfromenvironments耐潮氣進(jìn)入ResistancetomoistureingressIEC60529X--洪災(zāi)環(huán)境：浸水測(cè)試暴露在海洋環(huán)境（鹽霧）Exposuretomarineenvironments(saltfog)IEC60068-2-52X--嚴(yán)酷等級(jí)Severitylevel1or2IP防護(hù)IPratingofBESSenclosureandprotectiveguards8.2.10IEC60529X--“S-U”:min.IPX4;

IP2XIEC62933-5-2:指引和手冊(cè)Guidelinesandmanuals2412/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards用戶(hù)手冊(cè)Usermanual緊急程序手冊(cè)Emergencyproceduremanual第一響應(yīng)手冊(cè)Firstresponsemanual個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備Personalprotectiveequipment(PPE)guidelines

弧閃故障能量評(píng)估determinearcflashincidentenergyContent2512/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards其他國(guó)家儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)簡(jiǎn)介5UL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)4IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)思路及要點(diǎn)3儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)國(guó)際安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概覽21美國(guó)儲(chǔ)能相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2612/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsUL9540:范圍Scope2712/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，系統(tǒng)包括能量存儲(chǔ)機(jī)制，電力轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備和其他配套設(shè)備Thisstandardisasystemstandard,whereanenergystoragesystemconsistsoftheanenergystoragemechanism,powerconversionequipmentandbalanceofplantequipment.單獨(dú)部件不認(rèn)為是儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)Individualparts(e.g.powerconversionsystem,batterysystem,etc.)ofanenergystoragesystemarenotconsideredanenergystoragesystemontheirown.該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用于評(píng)估系統(tǒng)各部件的兼容性和安全性Thisstandardevaluatesthecompatibilityandsafetyofthesevariouscomponentsintegratedintoasystem.UL9540框架Framework2812/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards部分Section條款Clause主要內(nèi)容Content介紹Introduction1~6標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用范圍，零部件要求，參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及其他通用說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)Construction7~9非金屬材料、金屬材料及殼體要求10~14電氣安全：布線、設(shè)備、電氣安規(guī)距離、絕緣和接地15~17系統(tǒng)安全分析和控制18~21加熱和制冷系統(tǒng)，管路，運(yùn)動(dòng)部件和危害液體控制22,

23可燃?xì)怏w聚集及消防24,

25PCS和電池系統(tǒng)要求性能Performance27~32電氣測(cè)試33~36機(jī)械測(cè)試37環(huán)境測(cè)試制造和生產(chǎn)測(cè)試ManufacturingandProductionTests38~40工廠生產(chǎn)測(cè)試和要求標(biāo)識(shí)和文件Markings&Instructions41,

42標(biāo)識(shí)和文件要求UL9540符合性要求2912/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards電池系統(tǒng)PCS儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)Electrochemical:

UL1973Fuelcell:CSAFC1Stationaryenginegenerators:UL2200orCSAC22.2No.100,andCSAC22.2No.14.材料適用性結(jié)構(gòu)適用性零部件符合性及適用性電氣安全性（絕緣、保護(hù)、接地）火災(zāi)及爆炸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（UL9540A，防爆泄爆，消防）安全控制（功能安全）測(cè)試驗(yàn)證工廠質(zhì)量控制標(biāo)識(shí)和文件符合性UL1741UL62109-1orCAN/CSAC22.2No.62109-1UL1012,UL1564,orCAN/CSAC22.2No.107.1難點(diǎn)1：UL9540A測(cè)試3012/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards評(píng)估儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)熱失控火災(zāi)蔓延的測(cè)試方法電芯級(jí)別CellLevel熱失控及氣體成分及爆炸特性模組級(jí)別ModuleLevel熱失控特性，HRR,SRR,氣體成分等單元級(jí)別UnitLevel對(duì)周?chē)挠绊懀厣?、熱流、氣體成分、爆炸危害）安裝級(jí)別InstallationLevel消防系統(tǒng)有效性（溫升、熱流、氣體成分、爆炸危害）難點(diǎn)1：UL9540A測(cè)試3112/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsUL9540A測(cè)試驗(yàn)證容量（Energycapacity）超過(guò)限值安全距離（Separationdistances）縮短特殊安裝方式（Mountingmethod）或場(chǎng)所（Location）單個(gè)電化學(xué)ESS單元最大能量：戶(hù)外壁掛Outdoorwallmounted

-20kWh住宅用途Residentialuse-20kWh非住宅用Non-residentialuse-50kWh室內(nèi)壁掛系統(tǒng)Indoorwallmountedsystems住宅中安裝（如允許）Systemsforinstallationinresidentialdwellings(wherepermitted)難點(diǎn)2：可燃?xì)怏w聚集防控3212/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards正常工作時(shí)釋放氫氣或其他可燃?xì)怏w故障時(shí)釋放可燃?xì)怏w控制可燃?xì)怏w濃度不超過(guò)25%LFL排氣Ventilation開(kāi)孔Openings難點(diǎn)3：功能安全評(píng)估3312/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards控制系統(tǒng)（對(duì)安全至關(guān)重要）：功能安全ControlSystems(criticalforsafety):functionalsafety–a)UL991andUL1998;b)CSAC22.2No.0.8(ClassB);c)AnnexHofUL60730-1orCAN/CSA-E60730-1(ClassB);d)IEC61508(allparts)(minimumofSafetyIntegrityLevel(SIL)"2");e)ISO13849-1andISO13849-2(minimumofPerformanceLevel(PL)"c");f)ISO26262(allparts)(minimumAutomotiveSafetyIntegrityLevel(ASIL)"C").難點(diǎn)4：弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估3412/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsRequirementIEC62933-5-2:2020UL9540:2020AS5139:2019Arcflashriskassessment弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估─accordingtoNFPA70EorCSAZ462根據(jù)NFPA70E或CSAZ462accordingtoNFPA70EAnnexDDetaileddescriptionandrequirements根據(jù)NFPA70E附錄D，提供了詳細(xì)說(shuō)明和要求Arcflashboundary弧閃邊界1.2cal/cm2(5J/cm2)1.2cal/cm2(5J/cm2)1.2cal/cm2(5J/cm2)Marking(arcflashhazardandPPErequirements)標(biāo)識(shí)（弧閃危害及PPE要求）YesYesYesDocumentation(addresselectricalsafetyincludingarcflash)文件（說(shuō)明包含弧閃的電氣安全要求）YesYesYes難點(diǎn)4：弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估3512/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandardsNFPA70E:2018Skindamagefromasecond-degreeburn安全能量限值：1.2cal/cm2(5J/cm2)SeconddegreeburnsAustralianEnergyCouncil,Electricalarcflashhazardmanagementguideline,2019難點(diǎn)4：弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估3612/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards兩種評(píng)估方法：PPEcategorymethod（個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備等級(jí)方法）Incidentenergyanalysismethod（故障能量分析方法）NFPA70E:2018,Riskassessmentflowchart(partial)難點(diǎn)4：弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估3712/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards計(jì)算弧閃能量確定弧閃邊界選擇PPEDeterminingarcflashincidentenergyDeterminingarcflashboundarySelectingpersonalprotectiveequipmentMarking&Documentation設(shè)備標(biāo)識(shí)及文件說(shuō)明難點(diǎn)4：弧閃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估3812/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards直流電弧故障能量評(píng)估方法：最大功率法Maximumpowermethodology(Doanmethod).詳細(xì)弧閃電流和能量計(jì)算方法Detailedarcingcurrentandenergycalculationmethod(Ammermanmethod)Doan,D.R,“ArcFlashCalculationsforExposurestoDCSystems,”IEEETransactionsonIndustrialApplications,Vol46,No.6,2010.Simpledcsystemmodel難點(diǎn)5：步入式單元附加要求3912/02/2021IntroductiontoESSSafetyStandards尺寸：不超過(guò)16.2×2.6×2.9-m(53×8.5×9.5-ft)高人可進(jìn)入：安全流程，標(biāo)識(shí)，門(mén)鎖等措施人員進(jìn)出門(mén)：內(nèi)部打開(kāi)/寬度高度/出口標(biāo)識(shí)工作空間尺寸：符合NFPA70，CSAC22.1或IEEEC2通風(fēng)：5.1L/s/m2

照明：100lux，按照NFPA70