新教材2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit5Education單元提能強(qiáng)化練北師大版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

UNIT5單元提能強(qiáng)化練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類型:說明文Theadvancementofhumancivilisationispossiblejustbecauseofenormouscontributionsmadebyscientists.Theyareoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleoftoday’sworld.Withpracticaladvantagesinengineering,medicineandtechnology,theyhavehelpedustohaveabetterunderstandingoftheworldanddifferentworkingphenomenathatgovernus.Theirnamesarerememberedinthesandsoftimefortheirworkinthewelfareofmankindwithdifferentinventionsthathavemadeourmodernliveseasy.Hereisalistofthefourgreatscientistswe’veeverseenwhochangedtheworld.LouisPasteur(1822—1895)Pasteurcontributedgreatlytowardstheadvancementofmedicalsciencesdevelopingcuresforrabies(狂犬病),anthraxandotherinfectiousdiseases.Healsoinventedtheprocessofpasteurization(加熱殺菌法)tomakemilksafertodrink.Heprobablysavedmorelivesthananyotherperson.OttoHahn(1879—1968)HahnwasaGermanchemistwhodiscoverednuclearfission(裂變)in1939.Hewasapioneeringscientistinthefieldofradio-chemistry,anddiscoveredradioactiveelementsin1921.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1944.NikolaTesla(1856—1943)Teslaworkedonelectro-magnetismandACcurrent.Heobtainedaround300patentsworldwideforhisinventionsfromelectricitytoradiotransmission,butmanyinventionsdevelopedbyTeslawerenotputintopatentprotection.Heplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofmodernelectricity.JamesClerkMaxwell(1831—1879)Maxwellmadegreatprogressinunderstandingelectro-magnetism.Hisresearchinelectricityandkineticslaidthefoundationforquantum(量子)physics.EinsteinsaidofMaxwell,“TheworkofJamesClerkMaxwellchangedtheworldforever.”1.WhatcontributiondidLouisPasteurmaketosociety?A.Thedevelopmentofmedicine.B.Radio-chemistry.C.Modernelectricity.D.Quantumphysics.2.WhowasthoughthighlyofbyEinstein?A.LouisPasteur.B.OttoHahn.C.NikolaTesla.D.JamesClerkMaxwell.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthefourpeople?A.Theyaremedicalpioneers.B.TheyareNobelPrizewinners.C.Theyaregreatcontributorstosociety.D.Theyarefoundersofmodernphysics.B主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類型:記敘文Onlineeducationhasgrownfastoverthepasttenyears.Theexplosionoftechnologyhasmadeteachingoutsidethetraditionalclassroompossibleforteachersandhasprovidedlearnerswitheasyaccesstocoursematerials.Itsattractiveness,benefits,andchallengesareaddressed.InApril,2005,Iwasapproachedbyastudentwhowasinterestedinourdoctoralprogram.However,thefirstquestionoutofhermouthwas,“Doyouofferanyonlinecourses?”Laterthatday,asIwasreadingtheconferenceprogramguidetryingforinterestingpresentations,Inoticedmanyworkshopsonweb-basedlearningandonlineeducation.Ilaterattendedtwoofthoseworkshopsandmetseveralprofessorsfromdifferentuniversitieswhohadeithertaughtonlinecoursesforquitesometimeorwhowerediscoveringthebestpracticeforteachingonline.Theseexperienceshelpedmerealizeatleasttosomeextentthedegreeofgrowthinonlineeducation.Myresponsibilitiesforthetermincludedgainingmoreunderstandingofonlineeducation.Consequently,Imadeseveralattemptstoenrichmyknowledgeofdistancelearningandonlineteaching.Iconsultedwithmycolleagueswhowereteachingonlinecourses.Thishelpedmerecognizetheimportanceofgettingmaterialspreparedevenbeforethestartofaterm.Ialsolearnedthatonlinecoursesmayconsumemoretimethanregularclassroomteaching.AndIattendedseveralworkshopsregardingonlineeducationandestablishedanetworkwiththosewhowereinvolvedinonlineprogramsatotheruniversities.IwouldconsiderthesepeopleasmyconsultantsasIbegantodesignmyownonlinecourse.Also,Iconductedabriefsurveywith15studentsandtwostaffmemberswhohadtakenortaughtanonlinecoursebeforetounderstandtheirexperience.EventuallyIcompletedaliteraturereviewwhichgavemethefoundationandthebackgroundofunderstandingtheneedforonlineeducation.4.Whatbenefitsthedevelopmentofonlineeducation?A.Teachers’goodteachingability.B.Lackoftraditionalclassrooms.C.Learners’accesstofreecourses.D.Therapidadvanceoftechnology.5.Whydidtheauthortakeastudentforexample?A.Toshowstudents’loveforthedoctoralprogram.B.Topersuadelearnersoftraditionaleducation.C.Toexplainthegrowingtrendofonlineeducation.D.Topredictthefutureoftheteachingcareer.6.Whatcausedtheauthortoknowmoreaboutonlineeducation?A.Theappetiteforknowledge.B.Theprofessionalresponsibilities.C.Therequirementofresearch.D.Thecolleagues’encouragement.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoonlineeducation?A.Carefree. B.Doubtful.C.Supportive. D.Unwilling.C主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類型:說明文Readingbookscanobviouslymakeyouabetter,smarterentrepreneur.Accordingtoa2024studyofover160,000adultsin31countries,themorebooksthatwerepresentinparticipants’childhoodhomes,themorecompetenttheynowareasadultswithskillsinliteracy,mathematics,andtechnologicalproblem-solving.Researchersnotethatbook-orientedsocialization,indicatedbyhomelibrarysize,equipsyouthwithlifelongtastes,skillandknowledge.Growingupwithhomelibrariesboostsadultskillsinliteracy,numeracyandtechnologicalproblem-solvingbeyondthebenefitsacquiredfromparentaleducationoryourowneducationaloroccupationalattainment.Kidswhogrowupinahomewherereadingisvaluedandmodeledaremorelikelytobegoodreaders.Strangelyenough,though,advancededucationdoesn’tnecessarilyoffsetthe“l(fā)otsofbooksinthehome”advantage.Adultswhogrewupwithrelativelyfewbooksintheirhomesandlaterearnedacollegedegreehadliteracylevelsapproximatelyequaltoadultswhogrewupinhomeswithlargelibrariesbutonlyattendedschoolfornineyears.JessicaStillmanwrites,surroundingyourselfwithmorebooksthanyoucouldeverreadsaysgoodthingsaboutyourmind.Thosebooksserveasaconstantreminderofallthethingsyoudon’tknow—whichhelpskeepyouintellectuallyhungryandcurious.Andpossibly,thiswillkeepyoualittlemoremodest,sinceresearchshowsthequickeryouaretoadmityoudon’tknowsomething,thefasteryoucanthenlearnit.AsJeffBezossays,akeysignofintelligenceisthewillingnesstochangeyourmind,somethingthatonlyhappensifyou’rewillingtoadmitthatyourcurrentthinkingmaynotbethebestthinking.Modesty,learningandthewillingnesstochangeyourmindwhennewdatapresentsitself:That’sanotherthreebonuseseveryentrepreneurcanbenefitfrom.8.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytalkabout?A.Thetoughprocessoftheresearch.B.Aninspiringdiscoveryoftheresearch.C.Numerousdataoftheresearch.D.Advancedtechnologyoftheresearch.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“offset”inparagraph2?Apetewith. B.Differfrom.C.Goagainst. Dpensatefor.10.WhydoestheauthormentionJessica?A.Tokeepreadersintellectuallyhungry.B.Tostressthesignificanceofmodesty.C.Toremindreadersoftheirignorance.D.Toevidencethebenefitsofhomelibrary.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Homelibrarysizeindicatessomelifelongskills.B.Homereadingequalstoacollegedegree.C.Modestymakesapromisingentrepreneur.D.Childhoodlibrariesleadtoadulthoodsuccess.Ⅱ.七選五(2024粵湘鄂名校聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考)主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我語(yǔ)篇類型:記敘文Mygrandmais95yearsoldandstilllivesindependentlyandhappilyathome.Shehaslookedafterherbodyandherwholelife,neverdrankorsmokedadayinherlife.1

Sheappreciatesthelittlethingsinlifelikehavingcupsofteawhilesittinginherchair.ButwhatshereallylovestodoisREAD!2Blessherheart!

EverySaturdayIdrive70kmstospendthedaywithher.Ialsobringmythreekids.Theyrunaroundthehomealldayandbouncetheirballsinherdriveway.3Laughingherheadoff,sheisalwayslaughing.Iracearounddoingallkindsofhousework.ImakeGrandma’sbedandmakesureshehasenoughsandwichestokeepinthefridgeforlater.

EverymonthGrandmagetsadeliveryfromthelibrarywhichshelooksforwardtoverymuch,twobigcontainersfullofbooks.4MosthavebeenPayItForwardbooks.Grandmasmiles,sayingthatisagoodthing.Shecanpassmybooksontoherfriendwhothenpassesthemontoherfriend.TherehavebeenafewtimeswhenIpurchasedacoupleofbooksbecauseIdidn’treceiveanybooksfromothersandtoldGrandmatheyweregiventomewhenIknewsheneededbooks.5Yousee,Grandmarespectedmoneyherwholelifeandshetooraisedthreechildrenalone,likeme.

I’velearntsomuchfromher.Itfeelssogreatjusttobeabletodosomethingtobekindandtomakesomeoneelsesmile.ShetellsmeshewouldbelostwithoutmebutthetruthisIwouldbesolostwithouther.A.Iadmireherforsomanydifferentthings.B.Besides,hersmilemadeitallworthwhile.C.Ibenefitfromherpositiveattitudestolife.D.Sheputsheartandsoulintoeverybookshereads.E.GrandmasaysthehousecomestolifeeverySaturday.F.ButshereadssomuchthatIbringherbookstoreadalso.G.Iremembershereadthetelephonedirectorywhensheranoutofbooks.Ⅲ.完形填空(2024湖北武漢期中)主題語(yǔ)境:人與自我語(yǔ)篇類型:記敘文Itwasamostdifficultperiod.Thingsathomeweregettingfrombadtoworse.Dad’salcoholismhadbecomeworse.Mumalwayslosther1asshecouldnotmakeendsmeet.Ihadbeenanabove-averagestudent,butnowIwasdoing2inschool.

ThenMrsJustinenteredmylife.Shewasmyclassteacher.Shewas3enoughtonoticethechangethathadcomeoverme.Oneday,duringthelunchtime,Iwasstanding4inonecornerofthecanteenwhenMrsJustin5me.Shegesturedformetofollowher.We6forthelibrarywheresheletmetakeaseatnexttoher.Isatwithmyheadbent.“Helen,”shecalled.I7myheadandlookedather.Isawthewarmth,thelove,andthecompassioninherlovelyeyes.Tears8inmyeyesandItriedmybesttoholdthemback.However,Icouldnot.Theystartedflowingdownmycheeks.Sheheldmyhandsand9.WhenIhadfinished,sheaskedmeifIwantedtosharemyproblemwithher.Itoldher.Shelistenedintently(用心地)with10.Attheendofmystory,shegavemealessonon11anditsupsanddowns.AsIheardhertalk,myperception(看法)changed.

Inthedaysthatfollowed,MrsJustinmadeitapointto12myworkatschoolwithme.Forthefirsttimethatyear,IfeltIwasworthyofbeing13.Thingsathomeremainedquitethesamebuttherewasachangeinme.Aftertheend-of-yearexamination,MrsJustin14totheclassthatIwasthetopstudentintheclass.AsIlookedather,Ifeltasuddensenseof15.

1.A.temper B.moneyC.interest D.mind2.A.normally B.properlyC.poorly D.differently3.A.quick B.friendlyC.curious D.calm4.A.nervously B.aloneC.hopelessly D.independently5.A.spotted BfortedC.lectured D.scared6.A.switched B.targetedC.intended D.headed7.A.held B.buriedC.lifted D.laid8.A.burntout B.piledupC.blockedout D.welledup9.A.nodded B.hesitatedC.waited Dmented10.A.patience B.confidenceC.curiosity D.courage11.A.school B.lifeC.attitude D.determination12.A.help B.discussC.explore D.figure13.A.praised B.rememberedC.loved D.owned14.A.explained B.announcedC.reported D.promised15.A.embarrassment B.shameC.responsibility D.happinessⅣ.語(yǔ)篇填空(2024福建漳州質(zhì)量檢測(cè))主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)語(yǔ)篇類型:說明文PingyaoCountyislocatedincentralShanxiProvince,China.It1.(consist)offivetownsandninevillages,coveringanareaof486.5squaremiles.Thissmallcountywasnotedforsome2.(impress)architecturesinancientconventionalstyles.

AsthebirthplaceoftheJinBusinessmenduringtheMingandQing3.(dynasty),itplayedanimportantroleintheeconomicdevelopmentofShanxiduringthatperiod.ThefirstChinesetradingshopwasopenedthere.For4.nexthundredyears,thecitywashometoalmostallofthelargetradingshopsinthecountry.

ItsCityWallisrated5.(high)ofthe“ThreeTreasures”ofthecountytogetherwithZhenguoTempleandShuanglinTemple.Withatotallengthofsixkilometers,theCityWallcoveredbybricksandstonesisabout12meterstalland3to6meterswideontop.Fromabird’seyeview,therectangular(長(zhǎng)方形的)wallrepresentsatortoise(龜).Atortoisewas6.(traditional)consideredasymboloflongevity,conveyingtheresidents’hope7.theancientcitywouldbepermanentlysecure.

Pingyaoisnolongerveryprosperous(旺盛的),8.thegrandPingyaoAncientCity,constructedathousandyearsago,standsthetestoftime.9.(wander)alongtheAncientStreetinsidetheoldtown,youcanstillsenseitsformergrandeur.SinceitwaslistedasUNESCOWorldHeritagein1997,Pingyao10.(become)ahotdestinationofmillionsoftourists.

答案：Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位偉人,他們都是社會(huì)的重要貢獻(xiàn)者,為社會(huì)變革做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。1.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LouisPasteur部分中的“Pasteurcontributedgreatlytowardstheadvancementofmedicalsciencesdevelopingcuresforrabies,anthraxandotherinfectiousdiseases.”可知,LouisPasteur促進(jìn)了醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展。2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)JamesClerkMaxwell部分尾句“EinsteinsaidofMaxwell,‘TheworkofJamesClerkMaxwellchangedtheworldforever.’”可知,愛因斯坦對(duì)JamesClerkMaxwell的評(píng)價(jià)很高。3.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,他們四個(gè)人都是社會(huì)的重要貢獻(xiàn)者,為社會(huì)變革做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者接觸、探討、學(xué)習(xí)以及實(shí)施在線教化的故事。4.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Theexplosionoftechnologyhasmadeteachingoutsidethetraditionalclassroompossibleforteachersandhasprovidedlearnerswitheasyaccesstocoursematerials.”可知,技術(shù)的發(fā)展讓老師們可以在傳統(tǒng)課堂以外教學(xué),也讓學(xué)習(xí)者能夠很簡(jiǎn)單獲得課程材料。由此可知,技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展讓在線教化的發(fā)展從中受益。故選D項(xiàng)。5.D推理推斷題。由其次段中的“Theseexperienceshelpedmerealizeatleasttosomeextentthedegreeofgrowthinonlineeducation.”可知,作者以一個(gè)學(xué)生為例是想表明他起先接觸在線教化,這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)幫助他相識(shí)到在線教化已成為教化大勢(shì)。由此推知,提及學(xué)生是為了預(yù)料教學(xué)生涯的將來(lái)。故答案為D項(xiàng)。6.A推理推斷題。由第三段中的“Myresponsibilitiesforthetermincludedgainingmoreunderstandingofonlineeducation.Consequently,Imadeseveralattemptstoenrichmyknowledgeofdistancelearningandonlineteaching.”可推知,作者嘗試遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)和在線教學(xué)是因?yàn)閷?duì)學(xué)問的渴望,故答案為A項(xiàng)。7.C推理推斷題。由第三段中的“IwouldconsiderthesepeopleasmyconsultantsasIbegantodesignmyownonlinecourse...EventuallyIcompletedaliteraturereviewwhichgavemethefoundationandthebackgroundofunderstandingtheneedforonlineeducation.”可推知,作者對(duì)在線教化的看法是支持的(supportive),故答案為C項(xiàng)?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。探討人員留意到,家庭圖書館的規(guī)模表明,以書籍為導(dǎo)向的社會(huì)化,使年輕人擁有終身的品位、技能和學(xué)問。文章還說明白在家庭圖書館的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大,可以提高成年人的讀寫、計(jì)算和解決技術(shù)問題的實(shí)力,這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了父母教化或自己的教化或職業(yè)成就所帶來(lái)的好處。8.B主旨大意題。第一段主要介紹了2024年的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺:讀書明顯能讓人成為一個(gè)更好、更聰慧的企業(yè)家。參加者小時(shí)候家里的書越多,他們成年后所具備的讀寫、數(shù)學(xué)和解決技術(shù)問題的技能就越強(qiáng)。由此可知,第一段主要講的是一項(xiàng)鼓舞人心的探討發(fā)覺。故選B項(xiàng)。9.D詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞后文“Adultswhogrewupwithrelativelyfewbooksintheirhomesandlaterearnedacollegedegreehadliteracylevelsapproximatelyequaltoadultswhogrewupinhomeswithlargelibrariesbutonlyattendedschoolfornineyears.”可知,那些在家中書籍相對(duì)較少的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大、后來(lái)獲得高校學(xué)位的成年人,其文化水平與那些在擁有大量圖書的家庭中長(zhǎng)大、但只上了九年學(xué)的成年人大致相當(dāng)。由此可見,高等教化并不確定能彌補(bǔ)“家里有很多書”的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故畫線詞意思是“彌補(bǔ)”。故選D項(xiàng)。10.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“JessicaStillmanwrites,surroundingyourselfwithmorebooksthanyoucouldeverreadsaysgoodthingsaboutyourmind.Thosebooksserveasaconstantreminderofallthethingsyoudon’tknow—whichhelpskeepyouintellectuallyhungryandcurious.Andpossibly,thiswillkeepyoualittlemoremodest,sinceresearchshowsthequickeryouaretoadmityoudon’tknowsomething,thefasteryoucanthenlearnit.(杰西卡·斯蒂爾曼寫道,讓自己置身于你讀不完的書之中,這說明你的思想很好。那些書會(huì)不斷提示你還有什么東西是你不知道的——這有助于你保持求知欲和新奇心。這可能會(huì)讓你更虛心一點(diǎn),因?yàn)樘接懕砻?你越快承認(rèn)自己不知道某件事,你就能越快地學(xué)會(huì)它。)”可推知,作者提到杰西卡是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)虛心的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。11.A主旨大意題。文章主要說明白家庭圖書館給人帶來(lái)的各種優(yōu)勢(shì)和好處。2024年的一項(xiàng)探討結(jié)果顯示,參加者小時(shí)候家里的書越多,他們成年后所具備的讀寫、數(shù)學(xué)和解決技術(shù)問題的技能就越強(qiáng)。探討人員留意到,家庭圖書館的規(guī)模表明,以書籍為導(dǎo)向的社會(huì)化,使年輕人擁有終身的品位、技能和學(xué)問。文章還說明白,在家庭圖書館的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大可以提高成年人的讀寫、計(jì)算和解決技術(shù)問題的實(shí)力,這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了父母教化或自己的教化或職業(yè)成就所帶來(lái)的好處。由此可知,這篇文章主要講的是家庭圖書館的規(guī)模示意著一些終身技能。故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的奶奶特別喜愛讀書,同時(shí)又很節(jié)約,因此奶奶參加了“讀書傳遞”的活動(dòng)。作者也會(huì)在奶奶沒有書讀的時(shí)候買給她。1.A依據(jù)上文“Mygrandmais95yearsold...inherlife.”以及下文“Sheappreciatesthelittlethings...lovestodoisREAD!”可知,第一段在介紹奶奶是什么樣的人,其次段在介紹奶奶的愛好。又依據(jù)最終一段“I’velearntsomuchfromher...solostwithouther.”可知,作者很敬重奶奶,奶奶對(duì)她來(lái)說特別重要。因?yàn)榇丝赵诘谝欢?應(yīng)當(dāng)起到總結(jié)全文,承上啟下的作用。A項(xiàng)“我因?yàn)楹芏嗖煌氖戮粗厮?。”符合上下文?.G依據(jù)上文“ButwhatshereallylovestodoisREAD!”以及下文“Blessherheart!”可知,此空在強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的奶奶有多愛讀書。G項(xiàng)“我記得當(dāng)沒有書讀的時(shí)候,她就讀電話本?！狈仙舷挛?。3.E依據(jù)上文“Ialsobringmythreekids...inherdriveway.”以及下文“Laughingherheadoff...allkindsofhousework.”可知,作者帶孩子在奶奶家跑來(lái)跑去,奶奶特別快樂,并笑得前仰后合。因此此空應(yīng)表達(dá)出奶奶興奮的狀態(tài)。E項(xiàng)“奶奶說,每到周六,家里就復(fù)原了朝氣。”符合上下文。4.F依據(jù)上文“EverymonthGrandmagetsadelivery...fullofbooks.”以及下文“Shecanpassmybooks...ontoherfriend.”可知,此空應(yīng)和“我的書”有關(guān)。F項(xiàng)“但她讀得太多了,我也帶我的書給她讀?！狈仙衔?雖然很期盼圖書館的書,但書還是不夠,須要作者給她帶。5.B依據(jù)上文“Therehavebeenafewtimes...sheneededbooks.”以及下文“Yousee,Grandmarespectedmoneyherwholelifeandshetooraisedthreechildrenalone,likeme.”可知,奶奶是一個(gè)很節(jié)約的人,作者為了不讓她知道書是自己花錢買的,而說是別人送給自己的,此空應(yīng)填奶奶收到作者“送的書”的反應(yīng)。B項(xiàng)“此外,她的微笑使這一切都值得?！狈仙舷挛?。Ⅲ.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者因?yàn)楦改傅膯栴}而影響了學(xué)習(xí),作者的老師很快發(fā)覺了作者的問題,她和作者談話,關(guān)切作者的功課,