動詞時態(tài)一（五種時態(tài)知識梳理）-2024年上海中考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)（學(xué)生版）

01動詞時態(tài)一（五種時態(tài)知識梳理）

模塊導(dǎo)航

?模塊一一般現(xiàn)在時SimplePresentTense

?模塊二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時PresentContinuousTense

?模塊三一般過去時SimplePastTense

,模塊四過去進(jìn)行時PastContinuousTense

?模塊五一般將來時SimpleFutureTense

?模塊六用實(shí)踐檢驗(yàn)真知

模塊一一般現(xiàn)在時SimplePresentTense

結(jié)構(gòu)公式：am/is/are/do/does

常見時間狀語：sometimes,usually,never,always,often;everyday/week/month/year/...;

onSunday(s)/Monday(s)/...

1.經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，如日常行為，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。

常用頻度副詞：

every.../allthetime>always>usually>ofiten>sometimes>seldomurarely仁hardly>never

>Liferarelyturnsoutthewaythatweplan.

生活幾乎從不按招出牌。

2.表示按計(jì)劃將會發(fā)生的事情，主語常常是物。

>這列高速列車（高鐵）早上9點(diǎn)出發(fā)去北京。（high-speedtrain）

Thehigh-speedtrainleaves/heads/makesforBeijingat9am.

3.表示真理或不變的事實(shí)。

>樹葉在秋季從綠變黃。

Leavesturnfromgreentoyellowinautumn.

4.在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,簡稱為“主將從現(xiàn)”。

>如果我在紐約時有時間去購物，我會幫你去蘋果店買個iPad10。

IwillbuyyouaniPad10fromtheAppleStoreifIhavetimetogoshoppinginNewYork.

5.特別結(jié)構(gòu)

結(jié)構(gòu)公式一：Itis+一段時間+since+從句

結(jié)構(gòu)公式二：Ithasbeen+一段時間+since+從句

▼Attention，

第一種句型更常見。如：

1)Asformyself,itismany,manyyearssinceIfirstbegantothinkofhiminaverydifferent

manner.

—PrideandPrejudice

至于說到我自己對他印象轉(zhuǎn)壞，那已經(jīng)是好多好多年的事了。

2)Ithasbeenalongtimesincewemetlasttime.

好久不見。

★真題試煉*

1.Mr.Whitehisshortstorywhenhisassistantin.

A.writes;comesB.iswriting;iscoming

C.writes;iscomingD.iswriting;comes

2.Wewillhavetostayathomeandwatchvideosifittomorrow.

A.rainsB.willrainC.rainedD.wasraining

3.TheDanubeinariverinEurope.ItthroughVienna.

A.willgoB.wentC.goesD.hasgone

4.一SunshineTaxiService.CanIhelpyou?

一Myplaneoffat11:30inthemorning.Canyousendataxinolaterthan9o9clock?

A.takesB.tookC.hastakenD.willbetake

5.Davidwithhisfriendseveryweekend.

A.swimsB.isswimmingC.swimD.wasswimming

6.——Excuseme,whereisMr.Evans?

一Heisnotintheofficetoday.Iyoutrycallinghimtomorrow.

A.amsuggestingB.suggest

C.suggestedD.willsuggest

7.Mymotherworksinahighschool.Andallstudents_herclasses.

A.loveB.willloveC.lovedD.areloving

8.Theremanymodernhigh-speedrailwaysinJiangsuandtheyhelppeopletraveleasily.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

9.——Shallwemeetatthezoogateat8a.m.?

——Infactweneedn't.Ituntil9a.m.

A.doesn9topenB.opensC.didn9topenD.opened

10.Mr.Wuisourteacher.HeusEnglish.

A.teachB.teachesC.hastaughtD.taught

模塊三』現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時PresentContinuousTense

結(jié)構(gòu)公式：am/is/are+doing

時間狀語：Now,atpresent,atthemoment,look,listen

1.表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作。

>噓，孩子們正在睡覺呢。

Sh,/Xu/Hush,thebabiesaresleeping.

2.表示最近一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。

>Jack'shavingahardtimeattheofficeatthemomentandhe'ssmokingaboutfiftycigarettesa

day.

Jack眼下在辦公室里日子不好過，（因此）每天要抽50來根煙。

3.與頻率副詞連用，表示作者的一種感情態(tài)度。（如always,forever,constantly,continually）

>你老是像我媽一樣嘮叨我。（nagsb.）少

Youarcalwaysnaggingmelikemymom.

4.表達(dá)某種情感，表示關(guān)切，禮貌，贊美等。

>Pmtellingyouthetruth.CfItellyouthetruth.

我是在告訴你真相。（關(guān)切）我告訴你真相。（事實(shí)）

5.表示將來即將發(fā)生的動作，給人一種期待感，常伴有表示將來的時間狀語。

>Theyaregettingmarriednextmonth.

VAttentionV

1)止匕用法常用于：arrive,return,land,leave,come,go,drive,fly,travel,move,die,stay等位移

動詞。

>Fmgoinghometonight.我今晚回家。

2)以下詞匯在特定語境中也可進(jìn)行時表將來：

a.Pmmeetingyousoonafterclass.

b.Whatareyoudoingthisevening?

------I'mhavingdinnerathomewithmyfamilies.

不能使用進(jìn)行時的動詞

情感類動詞fear（害怕），love（愛），hate（討厭），mind（介

意），like（喜歡），please（喜愛），prefer（更喜愛）

心理活動類動think（認(rèn)為），believe（相信），doubt（懷疑），remember

a（記起了），realize（認(rèn)識），suppose（懷疑）

結(jié)果類動詞see,hear,find...

瞬間動詞become,return,buy,join,getto(know),hearfrom...

特例：-

*He9sjumpingwithjoy.

(少數(shù)瞬間動詞用于進(jìn)行，表反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作)

Theoldmanisdying.這個老人已奄奄一息。

（此處進(jìn)行時表示逐漸、即將）

★真題試煉*

11.——Ihaven'tfinishedmydinneryet.

一Hurryup!Ourfriendsforusatthegate.

A.waitB.havewaitedC.arewaitingD.willwait

12.-Wouldyouliketocomeandplaywithus,Haixia?

一rdloveto,butIteawithmyparentsnow.

A.amdrinkingB.wasdrinkingC.drankD.hasdrunk

13.Look!Thestudentscleanupthecitypark.

A.arehelpingB.helpedC.werehelpingD.willhelp

14.——CanIborrowyourdictionary?

一Sorry.Iit.I'llgiveittoyouintenminutes.

A.useB.amusingC.haveusedD.used

15.——Mr.Black,canTomplaybasketballwithusinthesquare?

一Waitaminute,please.Helunchintheroom.

A.iseatingB.eatsC.haveeatenD.willeat

16.一Whafsthatnoise,Tom?

一Oh,somechildrenintheyard.

A.playB.areplayingC.playedD.willplay

17.Don'twatchTVwhileyouyourhomework.Ifsbadforyourstudy.

A.willdoB.didC.aredoingD.hasdone

18.Jimforanimportantexamandhasnotimetochatwithyou.

A.preparesB.preparedC.ispreparingD.waspreparing

19.——Mum,canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?

一Waitamoment.Idishes.

A.cookB.amcookingC.wascookingD.cooked

20.一Whafsthatnoise?

一Oh,Tomhisbedbecausehewantstopainthisroom.

A.movesB.movedC.ismovingD.willmove

模塊三、一般過去時SimplePastTense

結(jié)構(gòu)公式：was/were/did(初中不規(guī)則動詞表見附錄一)

時間狀語：

yesterday,lastweek,thedaybeforeyesterday,theweekbeforelast,inJuly,in2006justnow,

threedaysago,atthattime,fromthenon,theotherday,onceuponatime...

1.表示過去某個時間一連串的行為。

結(jié)構(gòu)公式：didA,didB,…anddidN

>史瑞克給了公主一個丑陋的微笑，拉起她綠色的胖手，然后溫柔的吻了她一下。

Shrekgavetheprincessanuglysmile,heldher血greenhand(N)/greenfkthand(x)andkissed

hergently.

2.表示過去某行為或某狀態(tài)已發(fā)生，不強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行。

>當(dāng)我1990年代在上海時，我每周末都去美術(shù)館。

WhenIwasinShanghaiinthe1990s,Iwenttotheartgalleryeveryweekend.

3.usedtodosth.過去常常做某事

>OnSundayeveningsweusedtobepermittedtoplay,ifwedidnotmakemuchnoise;nowa

meretitterissufficienttosendusintocomers!

從前一到星期天晚上，還準(zhǔn)許我們玩玩，只要我們不太吵，現(xiàn)在我們只要偷偷一笑，就得

罰站墻角啦！

-WutheringHeight

4.近義詞辨析woulddosth.VSusedtodosth.

usedtowould

過去習(xí)慣動作y

狀態(tài)N(be,live,have)X

過去和現(xiàn)在對比qX

偶爾Xq

>Insuchcases,wewouldgototheoldworkersforhelp.

>Before1949heusedtoworktwelvehoursaday.

>Heusedtoliveinthecountryside.

5.近形詞辨析

be/getusedtodoingsth/sth習(xí)慣于做某事

beusedtodo被用來做某事

＞城里人習(xí)慣把狗當(dāng)寵物，而在農(nóng)村狗狗通常用來看家(guard).

Peoplelivinginthecityareusedtotakingdogsaspets,whiledogsareusedtoguardhomein

thecountryside.

★真題試煉十

21.一HowdoesPeterusuallygotowork?

一He_driveacar,butnowhe_theretoloseweight.

A.usedto;isusedtowalkB.wasusedto;isusedtowalking

C?wasusedto;isusedtowalkD.usedto;isusedtowalking

22.一Whatdidtheteachersaytoyou?

一Heaskedme.

A.whyIlookunhappythenB.whattimedidIgolastnight

C.whatIhavedoneD.ifIhadgotreadyfortheexam

23.一Maryveryhardfortheexamforthewholeweekendandgotan"A"

一Herhardworkfinallypaidoff.

A.studiedB.studiesC.hasstudiedD.isstudying

24.Nancyeverynightforhalfamonthbeforeherbigexamandgotagoodgrade.

A.studiesB.studiedC.hasstudiedD.willstudy

25.Kateeverynightforaweekbeforehermathtestandgotaverygoodgrade.

A.studiesB.hasstudied

C.studiedD.willstudy

26.ArieleverynightforaweekbeforeherChinesetestandgotaverygoodgrade.

A.studiedB.studies

C.hasstudiedD.wasgoingtostudy

27.AlthoughIearlythismorning,Istillarrivedlatebecauseoftheheavytraffic.

A.leftB.leaveC.isleavingD.willleave

28.TheYouthCeremonywasheldsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme?

A.whowillbethehostofitB.inwhichhallwasitheld

C.whoseshowmadeyouthemostexcitedD.thatyouwereencouragedbythespeech

29.一HaveyoueverclimbedDashuMountain?

一Yes,IinHefeiforaweeklastyearandreachedthetopofit.

A.havestayedB.stayedC.stayD.hadstayed

30.Hemehisname,butIcan'trememberitnow.

A.hastoldB.toldC.istellingD.tells

模塊四、過去進(jìn)行時PastContinuousTense

結(jié)構(gòu)公式：was/were+doing

時間狀語thistimeyesterday,atthattime,atthemoment（這個詞組也可以用在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時）,

allmorning等。

1.強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某時間段或某個時間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事。

>Yesterdayatsixo'clock,Kobewasplayingfootball.

2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性，比一般過去時更生動。（用一般過去時和過去進(jìn)行時填空）

>Itrainedheavilylastnight.（昨天下雨了這個事實(shí)）

>Itwasrainingheavilylastnight.（昨晚下雨持續(xù)時間長）

3.與always,constantly,continually,forever等連用表達(dá)某種感情色彩。

>Mybrotherwasalwayslosinghiskeys.

★真題試煉十

31.——Isawthelightofyourlivingroomwasstillonateleveno'clocklastnight.

一Oh,myfatherandIabasketballmatchonTV.

A.watchB.watchedC.werewatchingD.arewatching

32.Whileshesupperinthekitchen,thebell.

A.cooks;ringsB.iscooking;rang

C.wascooking;isringingD.wascooking;rang

33.Weonthecountrysideroadwhenasuddenstormhit,sowemadeourwayback.

A.joggedB.werejoggingC.havejoggedD.willjog

34.一Didyourcousinfinishhishomeworklastnight?

-WhenIcalledhimat7:00p.m.,heonit.

A.workedB.isworkingC.wasworkingD.hasworked

35.InordertoimproveherEnglish,myaunttookeverychancetopracticewhileshe

abroad.

A.worksB.wasworkingC.hasworkedD.willwork

36.一Peter,whatwereyoudoingatthistimelastnight?

——Ichesswithmygrandfather.

A.playB.wasplayingC.amplayingD.played

37.——IsyourbrotherTomhome?

一1guessso.Isomebodysingingloudlyinthenextroomjustnow.

A.hearB.heardC.amhearingD.haveheard

38.——Whydidn'tyouopenthedoorforme,Jim?

一Iclothesinthebathroom.Ididn'theartheknock.

A.waswashingB.amwashingC.havewashedD.washed

39.一Icalledyouyesterday,butnobodyanswered.

一I'msorryIdidn'tansweryourcallbecauseImyhomeworkatthattime.

A.amdoingB.didC.wasdoingD.havedone

40.MylittlebrothervegetablesaladwhenIcamebackfromschool.

A.makesB.wasmakingC.willmakeD.Made

模塊五一般將來時SimpleFutureTenseO

結(jié)構(gòu)公式一：sb.will/shalldo

結(jié)構(gòu)公式二：am/is/aregoingtodo

結(jié)構(gòu)公式三：am/is/aretodo

結(jié)構(gòu)公式四：am/is/areabouttodo

時間狀語：next...,tomorrow,in+時間，soon,thisevening等

結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句

begoingsb:有計(jì)劃sth:有跡象I'mgoingtogetmarriednextmonth,soI'm

todopreparingformywedding.

Thedayisgettingdark.It'sgoingtorain.

will/shallsb:沒有計(jì)劃，隨時想到并且Shallwegotothelibrary?（shall用于第一人

馬上會做的，意愿和決稱）

心,sth：隨機(jī),不確定性Willyouhelpmewithmyhomework?（所有人

稱）

bedoing位移動詞進(jìn)行時表示將來Sheisarrivingattheporttonight

do/does1)主將從現(xiàn)；Themeetingbeginsat3.

2)按計(jì)劃

beto正式，按計(jì)劃Theannualmeetingistobeheldnextweek.

beabout馬上Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasetakeyourseats.

Theperformanceisabouttostart.

willbe早已安排好或預(yù)計(jì)發(fā)生的Iwillbehavingameetingat3p.m.tomorrow.

doing事，難以改變，表承諾。

▼Attention^

注意分清：由when和if引導(dǎo)的從句是狀語從句還是賓語從句

*補(bǔ)充選擇：

Iforyouherethistimetomorrow.

AwillwaitBwillbewaiting

CamgoingtowaitDshallwait

★真題試煉*

41.Thereashowaboutclassicalmusicintheartfestivalinourschool.

A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.aregoingtobeD.willbe

42.一Haveyoudecidedyet?

一Notyet.I_______itmorethought.

A.hasgivenB.willgiveC.giveD.gave

43.——Thecarwillnotstart.WhatcanIdo?

一Don'tworry.TomandI___________itapush.

A.giveB.hasgivenC.willgiveD.gave

44.——Goodnews!WecanvisitTangshanZooforfreenow!

一Really?I______therewithmymother.

A.havegoneB.goC.willgoD.went

45.Linda,waitatthestation.I________youup.

A.pickB.pickedC.willpickD.havepicked

46.There_________anEnglishspeechthisweekendonline.Shallwewatchit?

A.aregoingtobeB.isgoingtohave

C.willbeD.willhave

47.一Mom,thereisn'tanymoreyogurtinthefridge.

一Don'tworry,Isomeonline.

A.buyB.ambuyingC.amboughtD.willbuy

48.一Dad,couldyoupickmeuparoundsixtomorrowevening?Ihaveclassesuntilthen.

一Sure,honey.Iyouattheschoolgate.

A.waitedforB.waitforC-amwaitingforD.willwaitfor

49.一DidyouinviteBettytotheparty?

一Oh,no!Iforgot.Iherrightaway.

A.inviteB.invitedC.haveinvitedD.willinvite

50.——DidyourmumknowthatyouwouldgotoBeijingtomorrow?

一Oh,no,Iforgottotellher.Ihertotellheraboutthatnow.

A.calledB.wascallingC.havecalledD.willcall

綜合檢測用實(shí)踐檢驗(yàn)真知O

用所給單詞的正確形式填空

51.IfKate(finish)herhomework,herparentswillallowhertohangoutwithfriends.

52.Hundredsofpeople(visit)thePyramidseveryday.

53.