閱讀理解題型（中考必考閱讀技能考點(diǎn)）（解析版）-2025年中考英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

中考題型

第13講閱讀理解題型

要點(diǎn)歸納思維導(dǎo)圖

解題口訣及母題典例

閱讀理解題型高頻考點(diǎn)快用解而快

高頻考點(diǎn)1：?jiǎn)我患?xì)節(jié)題

解題口訣：畫(huà)定比

口訣注釋：

畫(huà)……閱讀題干畫(huà)關(guān)鍵(數(shù)詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞；大寫(xiě)：人名、地名)

定——回文定位找區(qū)間

比——選項(xiàng)比較原文

口訣識(shí)別

閱讀理解題目以6W(WhatAVhoAVhen/Where/Why/Which)+lH(How)及其變式進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí)，用此口訣

解題。

口訣解題典例

Awomanwascollectingmoneyforacharity.Themoneyshecollectedwasgoingtobegiventopoorchildren

whohadnoparentstotakecareofthem.Shewentfromhousetohouse.Sheknockedondoorsandaskedfor

money.

Whowasthewomancollectingmoneyfor?

A.Poorchildren.B.Herself.C.HerfriendsD.Anartist.

口訣解題答案解析

題干用Who進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，滿足6W+1H的細(xì)節(jié)題特征，用“畫(huà)定比”口訣解題。畫(huà)出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞(the

womancollectingmoney),定位到原文的第1句和第2句，對(duì)比原文和選項(xiàng)可知，這位女士是為了幫助貧困的

孤兒而籌錢，故選A。

解題坑點(diǎn)

在對(duì)比原文和選項(xiàng)過(guò)程中，部分細(xì)節(jié)題的正確答案是原文原詞、原文原句，但遇到有難度的文章時(shí)，

細(xì)節(jié)題的正確答案可能是原文單詞的近義詞轉(zhuǎn)換或原文改寫(xiě)，所以在對(duì)比過(guò)程中要仔細(xì)閱讀，仔細(xì)比對(duì)每

一處細(xì)節(jié)。

母題

（2024.山東荷澤?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Sixteen-year-oldYangShunchengofChinawonintheArtisticSwimmingWorld

CupinSomabay,EgyptonSaturday,May13,2023.

WiththethemeofTheCelloSongbyThePianoGuys,Yangchallengea

difficultysoreof27.0,higherthanallothersixplayers,andreceived232.5792points.

“Ithoughtaboutthevictorybutdidnotthinkmuch.Itwasmyfirstinternational

competitionandIwasverynervousbeforetherace.Iwasluckytowinandfeelthe

tasteofgoldmedals.Iexpectamorechallengingcompetitiontomorrow,9,saidYang.

FortykilometersnorhofcentralChengdu,theSanxingduisiteisrgrdedasoneof

themostimporantdscveriesofthe20thcentury.Visitorscanseethousandsof

treasuresdatingbacktotheShangDynasty（1600—1046BC）inSanxingdui■

Museum.

Thisone-dayChengdutournotonlytakesyoutovisitthelovelykingdomof

giantpandas,butalsothemysteriousSanxingduiillizaion.Theprotectedpandasand

Sanxingduirelis（遺跡）arebothconsiderednationaltreasures.

YanYanGuShi（SaltandWordsStory）,anewapp（應(yīng)用程序）forstorytellersto

shareshortstorieswhichcanbemostlyfinishedin10to20minutes,appearedforthe

firsttimeonChina'slargestQAplatform（平臺(tái)）ZhihuonMay18,2023.?as見(jiàn)零

Anexhibition（展覽），whichwasheldinBejingFuninQianmenStreetbetween密

May18and28,showedthepaintedprops（道具）ofsomeofthemostpopularstories11nL\__工

ontheapp,providingvisitorswithanexperiencetoplaytheroles.

1.WhogotthegoldmedalintheArtisticSwimmingWorldCupinEgypt?

A.YangShuncheng.B.ThePianoGuys.C.Thesixplayers.

2.WherecanvisitorsseethousandsoftreasuresdatingbacktotheShangDynasty?

A.InSomabay.B.InSanxingduiMuseum.C.Inthekingdomofpandas.

3.WhatisYanYanGuShi?

A.Ifsanewappforstorytelling.B.Ifsaplatformtosellpaintings.C.Ifsan

exhibitioninBeijingFun.

【答案】1.A2.B3.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了三則新聞報(bào)道。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Sixteen-year-oldYangShunchengofChinawonintheArtisticSwimmingWorldCupin

Somabay,EgyptonSaturday,May13,2023.”可知楊順誠(chéng)在埃及藝術(shù)游泳世界杯上獲得金牌。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"VisitorscanseethousandsoftreasuresdatingbacktotheShangDynasty（1600—1046BC）

inSanxingduiMuseum.”可知游客可以在三星堆博物館看到數(shù)千件商朝的珍寶。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"YanYanGuShi（SaltandWordsStory）,anewapp（應(yīng)用程序）forstorytellerstoshareshort

stories”可知鹽言故事是一款講故事的新應(yīng)用。故選A。

高頻考點(diǎn)2：復(fù)雜細(xì)節(jié)題

解題口訣：四次四辨

畫(huà)定比x4

畫(huà).....每個(gè)選項(xiàng)畫(huà)關(guān)鍵（數(shù)詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞；大寫(xiě)：人名、地名）

定.....每個(gè)選項(xiàng)回文定位找區(qū)間

比.....每個(gè)選項(xiàng)比較原文

口訣識(shí)別

題干要求找出四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中正確或錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)時(shí)，可利用“畫(huà)定比”的方法分析選項(xiàng)，得出正確答案。

口訣解題典例：

Youwillswimtherewithoutdangerifyouremembertheseinstructions日旨示）：

*Neverswimalone.

*Neverswimafteramealorwhenyoufeelhungryortired.

*Donotstayinthewatertoolong.

*Nevergooutinaboatifyoucannotswim.

Remember:Aredflagmeansthatitisdangerousforanybodytogointothewater.Ablueflagmeansthatitis

dangerousforchildren.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Youcanalwaysswimwhenyouseearedflag

B.Youshouldnotswimwithotherpeople.

C.Youshouldnotswimafterlunch

D.Youcan*tswimforashorttime.

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)題干中的TRUE及口訣可知，A項(xiàng)的alwaysswim與原文"Aredflagmeansthatitisdangerousforanybody

togointothewater."不符，B項(xiàng)在原文中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，C項(xiàng)的notswimafterlunch與原文Neverswimafterameal

同義，D項(xiàng)can'tswimforashorttime與原文“Donotstayinthewatertoolong.”意思相反，故選C。

解題坑點(diǎn)

1.進(jìn)行復(fù)雜細(xì)節(jié)題的畫(huà)定比時(shí)，須特別注意錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特征：

(1)偷換概念：句子部分內(nèi)容和原文重合，但通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞的改變而使得含義大相徑庭。

(2)張冠李戴：選項(xiàng)信息在文章中全部涉及，但是主體和信息的匹配做了位置調(diào)換。

(3)無(wú)中生有：原文無(wú)相關(guān)描寫(xiě)。

(4)以偏概全：用部分代替整體。

2.復(fù)雜細(xì)節(jié)題?？肌岸徽`”，選NOTTRUE的情況，不要選擇正確表述。

母題2

(2024.山東濟(jì)南.統(tǒng)考中考真題)

◎◎◎BlogQ、蒯

DianaIfsamini-projectformycourseatcollege.Thankstoallmy

Garciafriends（174intotal）whoansweredmyquestionsabout

n@dgarciaselfies（自拍）.Here'stheresult.

SelfiesinNumbers

Who'sTakingSelfies?TopSituationsforSelfies

MALES重FEMALES30%ataparty/onanightout

64%行：選36%

一甘34%onvacation

Age

20%atschool

18

65%16%infrontofthemirror

20?6%______________

30%withafriend/agroupoffriends

21andover

52%alone

ChangingSelfiesTopReasonsforSelfies

Ihaveusedanapp（應(yīng)用程序）to.??1torememberahappy2becauseyoufeelgood

...changemyhair37%moment

...addglassesorasillymustache32%4toshareinformationabout

3becauseyoulookgood

目…addafilter（濾鏡）25%yourlife

...changemyeyecolor6%FUNFACT!!PeopletakeTWOselfiesadayonaverage.

4.WhatisDiana?

A.Acollegestudent.B.Anactress.C.Anewsreporter.D.Adirector.

5.HowmanypeopleansweredDiana'squestions?

A.36.B.52.C.64.D.174.

6.Who'stakingthemostselfies?

A.18-year-olds.B.19-year-olds.C.20-year-olds.D.21-year-olds.

7.Whichappistheleastpopularforchangingselfies?

A.Anappforaddingafilter.B.Anappforaddingglasses.

C.Anappforchangingeyecolor.D.Anappforchanginghair.

8.Whatareincludedintheresult?

①problemsofselfies

②whypeopletakeselfies

③famouspeople'sselfies

④wherepeopletakeselfies

⑤howoftenpeopletakeselfies

A.①③⑤B.②③④C.①②④D.②④⑤

【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C8.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是戴安娜關(guān)于自拍問(wèn)題的調(diào)研結(jié)果。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It，samini-projectformycourseatcollege.”可知，戴安娜是一名大學(xué)生，故選A。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thankstoallmyfriends(174intotal)whoansweredmyquestionsaboutselfies(自拍).”可

知，一共有174人回答了戴安娜關(guān)于自拍的問(wèn)題，故選D。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Age”下面的圖片顯示可知，19歲的人最愛(ài)自拍，故選B。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Ihaveusedanapp（應(yīng)用程序）to..."下面的"changemyeyecolor6%"可知，"changemy

eyecolor”最不受歡迎，故選C。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TopReasonsforSelfies"、"TopSituationsforSelfies"和"PeopletakeTWOselfiesadayon

average.”可知，文章提到了自拍的原因、地點(diǎn)和頻率，故選D。

高頻考點(diǎn)3：代詞指代

解題口訣：替身法

代詞指代找名詞，原詞通常在前方；看單復(fù)，辨人稱，所有格，找就近。

口訣識(shí)別

閱讀題目中需要對(duì)代詞所指代的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分辨，需要確認(rèn)所指代的對(duì)象是什么/誰(shuí)時(shí)，用此口訣解題。

口訣解題典例：

Thenextday,Mrs.Greengavetheclassatest.Emmadidwell.Mrs.Greengaveherasmilefacesticker（貝占紙）.

ButEmmadidn'tputitonherpaper.Sheputthestickeronherlunchbox.

TheunderlinedwordHit"inthisparagraphrefersto.

A.thelunchboxB.thestickerC.thetestD.thework

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)文中"Emmadidwell.Mrs.Greengaveherasmilefacesticker."可知，it指代asmilefacesticker,故選B。

解題坑點(diǎn)

多個(gè)名詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，要注意具體指代對(duì)象是誰(shuí)，并用單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)和人稱去驗(yàn)證。

母題

2021?山東??？级＃?/p>

AfewyearsagoIwentthroughsuchaseriousdepression（抑郁癥）thatlifedidn'tseemworthliving.Itwas

likethatIwaslivinginthecoldwinterallthetime.ThenIsawsnowdrops（雪花蓮）pushingthroughthecoldand

hardground.IlookedatthemeverydayuntilIfeltthatiftheycouldcomebacktolife,thensocouldI.⑴Those

greenplantsgavemehopeinaspecialway.

Asspringcame,Istartedtoputinmoreandmoreplants,untilthegardenwasfullofcolours.Lifewas

growingthroughmyhands,gentleandpeaceful.IfIgavelove,itwasreturned,ahundredfold（百倍的）.

Icouldspendhourslostingardening.TheformofdepressionIhaveisbiological（遺傳的）.（2）Ithas

influencedmanyofmyfamilywithnoreasonandnorules.IcanbedepressedwhenthesunisshiningorIam

surroundedbyagroupoflovingfriends.Ofcourse,freshairandexercisehelptoreducedepression,butforme

gardeningismorethanthat.Itstandsfortreatmentaswellashope.

Atthecentreofthefirstgarden,Iplantedatreebymyself.Itishugeandmagnificent（茂盛的）now.Itstands

thelowtemperaturesandstrongwinds.Theleavesdropsinautumnbutthetreealways,always（3）tolife

inspring.AndsoIlearnthatwemayfall,wemayhurt,wemaybetested,butthereisalwayshope.

30.將文中劃線句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。

31.Whatdoestheunderlindewordtcif,referto?(文中劃線單詞It指代什么)

32.在空白處填寫(xiě)一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)，使句意完整。(從文章中找出)

33.Whatdoesgardeningmeanforthewriter?（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題）

34.Pleasegiveabesttitletothepassage.（從文中找出本文最好的標(biāo)題寫(xiě)出來(lái)）

【答案】30.那些綠色的植物以一種特殊的方式給我希望。31.(Theformof)depression.32.comes

back33.Itmeans/standsfortreatmentaswellashope.34.ThereIsAlwaysHope

【分析】文章大意：本文主要講了多年前作者患有嚴(yán)重的抑郁癥，有一天看到一題綠芽從堅(jiān)硬的土里長(zhǎng)了

出來(lái)，作者深受觸動(dòng)，并且走出抑郁的故事。

30.Thosegreenplants那些綠色的植物；gavemehope給我希望；inaspecialway以一種特殊的方式。故填“那

些綠色的植物以一種特殊的方式給我希望?！?/p>

31.根據(jù)上文“TheformofdepressionIhaveisbiological.Ithasinfluencedmanyofmyfamilywithnoreasonand

norules.”可知此處It指代上文提到的"Theformofdepression”,故填(Theformof)depression.

32.根據(jù)第一段中的信息“HookedatthemeverydayuntilIfeltthatiftheycouldcomebacktolife”結(jié)合本句

“Theleavesdropsinautumnbutthetreealways,always...tolifeinspring.“可知是秋天樹(shù)葉掉落，但樹(shù)總是在春

天復(fù)活。因此此處應(yīng)填comeback,這里的主語(yǔ)thetree是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因

此come也要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填comesback。

33.根據(jù)"Itstandsfortreatmentaswellashope.”可知它代表著治療和希望，故填I(lǐng)tmeans/standsfortreatmentas

wellashope.

34.根據(jù)文中的信息“AndsoIlearnthatwemayfall,wemayhurt,wemaybetested,butthereisalwayshope.“結(jié)

合文章內(nèi)容可知本文主要講了多年前作者患有嚴(yán)重的抑郁癥，有一天看到一題綠芽從堅(jiān)硬的土里長(zhǎng)了出來(lái)，

作者深受觸動(dòng)，并且走出抑郁的故事。標(biāo)題可用“ThereIsAlwaysHope”。故填ThereIsAlwaysHope。

高頻考點(diǎn)4：詞義猜測(cè)題

解題口訣：剝洋蔥法

猜詞題一看單詞構(gòu)成；二看解釋舉例；三看同義反義；四看因果關(guān)系。

口訣識(shí)別

當(dāng)題干為T(mén)heunderlinedword''xxx"inthepassageprobablymeans66n;Whatdoestheunderlined

wordnxxxnprobablymean?等表述時(shí)，用此口訣解題。

口訣解題典例：

Doyouhaveanyfriendsfromothercountries?Doyouknowwhattheyarelike?TheGermans（德國(guó)人）are

veryquietandtheydon'tgetexcitedeasily.Theydon'twanttosaymorewords.Theylookserious（嚴(yán)肅的），but

theyreallyknowhowtohavefun.Theyworkhardandliketidiness.MostGermanwomenliketokeeptheirhouses

clean.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tidiness"meaninChinese?

A.整潔B.安靜C.時(shí)尚D.隨意

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)口訣“三看同義反義”，后文“l(fā)iketokeeptheirhousesclean"正好與"liketidiness”相對(duì)應(yīng)（同義），故選A。

解題坑點(diǎn)

部分猜詞題選項(xiàng)會(huì)設(shè)置成所猜詞的一詞多義，此時(shí)需要選擇文中意思。

母題

（2020?廣西賀州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Fouryearsago,mymothergavebirthtoabrotherformewhenIwas10.1

havelearnedalotfromgettingalongwithhim.

Afterhewasborn,Ialmostbecameababysitter.Ihadtoamusehimafterschool.Iwouldmakefacesandsing

tohimwhenhewascrying.SometimesIevencarriedhimeverywhereinouryardtocheerhimupwhilemy

parentswerebusy.WhatIlikedtodobestwastofeedhimwhenlookingafterhim.Howcutehewasashetasted

hisfavoritefood!Myparentsoftenpraisedmehappily.Asanelderbrother,you*vemadecontributionstolooking

afteryouryoungerbrother.

Ihavegothappinessfromlookingaftermybrother.WhenIwasyoung,Iwastheonlychildinmyfamily.I

couldgetwhatIwantedfrommyparents.Iwasa"LittleEmperor"inmyfamily.

Butnow,aslongasIgetsomethinggood,Iwanttogiveittomybrotherfirst.Irememberedtheyearwhenhe

wasthree,hewasfondofRubikcubes（魔方）.Iboughtoneforhimwithmyluckymoneyasabirthdaypresent.

Whenhegotit,hewassohappythathelaughed,huggedmeandkissedme.

Thanksforspendingtheseyearstogetherwithmyfamily.Ithastaughtmehowtoberesponsibleandunselfish.

NotonlyshouldIlookaftermyself,butalsoIshouldpayattentiontomyfamily.

9.Whendidthewriter'smothergavebirthtoabrotherforhim?

A.3yearsago.B.4yearsago.C.8yearsago.D.10yearsago.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordnamuse"inthesecondparagraphmean?

A.令...開(kāi)心B.令....生氣C.令......討厭D.開(kāi)……玩笑

11.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEwhenlookingafterhisyoungerbrother?

A.Hefedhim.B.Hetoldstoriestohim.

C.Hemadefacesandsangtohim.D.Hecarriedhimeverywhereintheyard.

12.Whatmightyoulearnthepassage?

A.Beresponsible.B.Beunselfish.

C.Beresponsibleandconfident.D.Beresponsibleandunselfish.

【答案】9.B10.A11.B12.D

【分析】本文主要講述了作者照看自己弟弟的故事。作者在十歲有了弟弟之后，悉心照顧弟弟，從中教會(huì)

了作者什么是責(zé)任，什么是無(wú)私。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一句"Fouryearsago,mymothergavebirthtoabrotherformewhenIwas10.“可知，作

者在四年前有了自己的弟弟。故選B。

10.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下一句力wouldmakefacesandsingtohimwhenhewascrying.”可知，作者給弟弟做鬼

臉、唱歌的目的是為了讓弟弟開(kāi)心，所以amuse意為“使開(kāi)心”。故選A。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iwouldmakefacesandsingtohimwhenhewascrying.SometimesIeven

carriedhimeverywhereinouryardtocheerhimupwhilemyparentswerebusy.WhatIlikedtodobestwasto

feedhimwhenlookingafterhim.”可知在照看弟弟時(shí)，作者會(huì)做鬼臉、唱歌，帶弟弟到院子里的任何地方以及

喂他，所以選項(xiàng)A、C和D說(shuō)法正確，本小題要求選擇說(shuō)法不正確的選項(xiàng)。故選B。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段開(kāi)頭兩句"Thanksforspendingtheseyearstogetherwithmyfamily.Ithastaught

mehowtoberesponsibleandunselfish.“可知在與家人相處的歲月中，作者學(xué)會(huì)了如何負(fù)責(zé)和無(wú)私。故選D。

高頻考點(diǎn)5：文章出處題

解題口訣：落葉歸根法

正向匹配話題，反向排除驗(yàn)證（想象自己若是作者，會(huì)包含什么要素）。

口訣識(shí)別

如果遇到如下出題方式，可以使用本口訣。

Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom.

Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

Wherewouldyouprobablyreadthispassage?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof

口訣解題典例：

AI（人工智能）makesourliveseasierandbetter.Let'sseetheamazingALCooldriverlessbus

Abusdooropensandyougeton..Yourclosefriend

Hi,everyone.FmXiaoice,achatbot（聊天機(jī)器人）.WorldsfirstAIanchor（主播）Hey,look!ThefamousChinese

anchorQiuHaoisreportingthenewsforus.

PopularAIartist

Thisbeautifulpaintingwasatanauction（拍賣）in2022...Wecanprobablyseethepassagein

A.anewspaperB.anoticeC.anovelD.aguidebook

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)文中“AI、聊天機(jī)器人、主播、拍賣”等新聞詞匯可知，我們可能在報(bào)紙上看到這篇文章，故選A。

解題坑點(diǎn)

常見(jiàn)出處類型和特點(diǎn)如下，學(xué)生需要通過(guò)進(jìn)行匹配和排除答題。

1.newspaper/website/magazine:事件日期/地點(diǎn)、人物事件、名人故事、體育賽事等。

2.advertisement/ad:格式特殊，介紹價(jià)格、折扣、營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間等。

3.researchpaper:介紹科學(xué)知識(shí)、新型科技等，含有experiment、research>study>scientist、technology等詞。

4.travel/touristguide:介紹某地或行程等。

母題

（2024?江蘇鎮(zhèn)江?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

Thenosehelpsusalot.Ittellsuswhendinnerisalmostreadyandleadsthewaytosweetcakes.Italsotellsus

tokeepawayfrombadsmells.Butdoyouknowtheinterestingfactsaboutsomethingthatsmellsbad?

Fish

Youmighthavenoticedthatfishsmellunpleasantsometimes.Fishfromtheoceansmellthestrongest.These

saltwaterfishhaveachemical（化學(xué)物質(zhì)）calledTMAO.Whilewepreparefishforcooking,TMAOisalready

changingintootherthings.OneiscalledTMA.Itsmellssupersmelly.Usually,beforecooksmakesaltwaterfisha

dish,theywashfish.AndmostoftheTMAcanbewashedaway.Cooksalsoaddlemontomakethefishless

smelly.

Feet

Footsweat（腳汗）itselfdoesnothaveabadsmellatfirst.Butithasfoodandwaterthatthebacteria（細(xì)菌）

need.Withthem,thebacteriagiveoffsomesmell.Mostshoesoftenkeepsweatinthem.Thatmakesshoesand

sockswarmandwet——aplacewherebacteriacangrow.Differenttypesofbacteriagiveoffdifferentsmells.Thafs

whyfeetmaysmelllikebadvegetables,smellyeggsorothersmellythings.

Eggs

Manythingssmellterriblewhentheygobad.Butabadegggivesoffthemostfamousbadsmellofalland

drawspeople'sattention.Whenanegggoesbad,thebacteriahelptochangethesulfur（硫）initswhitepartinto

sulfurandhydrogen（硫化氫）.Anditsmellsreallybad.Thenosejustwarnsusawayfromitbecausetoomuch

sulfurandhydrogenwillharmourhealth.

13.Howdoesthewritertellreadersthatsomethingsmellsbadinthepassage?

A.Byshowingforms.B.Bylistingnumbers.

C.Bydrawingpictures.D.Bygivingexamples.

14.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?

A.Differentbacteriaproducethesamesmell.

B.Asmellyegggivesoffsulfurandhydrogen.

C.Dryshoesandsockscanhelpbacteriagrow.

D.Lemonincreasesthebadsmellofsaltwaterfish.

15.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?

A.WordHistory.B.CookingTips.C.TravelGuide.D.FunFacts.

【答案】13.D14.B15.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一些關(guān)于聞起來(lái)很難聞的東西的有趣事實(shí)。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Butdoyouknowtheinterestingfactsaboutsomethingthatsmellsbad?”可知，文章第一

段介紹本文主題，一些聞起來(lái)很難聞的東西的有趣事實(shí)，接下來(lái)作者列舉了魚(yú)、腳以及變質(zhì)的雞蛋的味道，

故作者通過(guò)舉例子的方式介紹文章內(nèi)容。故選D。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Whenanegggoesbad,thebacteriahelptochangethesulftir（硫）initswhitepartinto

sulfurandhydrogen（硫化氫）.“可知，臭雞蛋會(huì)釋放出硫和氫。故選B。

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Butdoyouknowtheinterestingfactsaboutsomethingthatsmellsbad?”及全文可知，本

文介紹了一些關(guān)于聞起來(lái)很難聞的東西的有趣事實(shí)，故文章可能來(lái)源于“FunFacts”版塊。故選D。

高頻考點(diǎn)6：推斷題

解題口訣：一步推理

一步推理法+排除法

一步推理：回文定位，立足原文，只推一步；排除法：排除過(guò)度推理和無(wú)推理的選項(xiàng)。

口訣識(shí)別

通常出現(xiàn)以下題干時(shí)，用此口訣解題。

Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentence?

Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat

AccordingtoParagraph3,wecaninferthat

口訣解題典例：

TherewasanEnglishteacherinfifthgradewhocouldmagicallytakeustodifferentworldseverydayby

tellingusstoriesandreadingtousfrombookswewouldotherwiseneverpickup.Thiswasoursecretandfuntime

becausefifthgraderswereconsideredtoooldtohavestoriesreadouttothem.

Wecaninferfromthisparagraphthatthestories

A.weretoldinamagicwayB.werewrittenbytheteacher

C.includedsomestudents*secretsD.leftthestudentswithhappymemories

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)文中"Thiswasoursecretandfuntime"可推斷出，這些故事給學(xué)生們留下了美好的回

憶，故選D。

解題坑點(diǎn)

注意選項(xiàng)無(wú)推理時(shí)，是錯(cuò)誤的，但選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)“三錯(cuò)和一原文”的情況時(shí)，只能選“一原文”。

母題

（2024?江蘇鎮(zhèn)江?統(tǒng)考中考真題）KatiewaswaitingforGulliver'scalls.Instead,shejustheardsparrows

makingnoiseinthebushes."MaybeGullivermissedtheharbour.^^Dadsaid.Afterbreakfast,Katietookhercamera

totheharbour.Allthecolourfulboatsmadeprettypictures,butnottheoneshewantedmost.

KatiewavedtoErnest,heruncle'sneighbour,ontheboathouse.Thegull'sname,Gulliver,wasgivenbyhim.

Thegulfssizeandhissinglelegmadethebirditselfdifferent.ButErnesttoldKatiewhatGulliverdidthatfirst

summerKatieandherdadcamecaughteveryone'sattention.YoungKatielayinherstroller（嬰JL車）onthe

floatingdock（碼頭）whenUncleRalphandDadwererepairingboatsnearby.Thewavesfromthepassingboat

madeKatie9sstrollershakestrongly."Kee-aah!Kee-aahrGullivermadetheloudestcry.Dadandunclerushedto

Katieandstoppedthestrollerfromfallingintothewater.TheykeptacloseeyeatKatieafterthat.Anothersummer

Katiewasthreeyearsold,shelikedtotoucheverything.ButDaddidn'twatchhereveryminutewhenshetriedto

catchsmallducksaroundorfishfromwater.^Kee-aah!Kee-aahrThegull'scrybroughtDadbackintime.He

stoppedKatieasshetriedtofollowthesmallducksrunningtowardswater.Severalsummerspassed,andGulliver

continuedtocalloutasKatietriednewthings.

ThissummerKatiedidtheusualby-the-seathingsshe'dlearnedtodo.Oneday,sherowedaboatoutbutwas

trappedonarockbyastorm.Asshelookedupandtriedtocatchthelastwarmthofthesunshinethroughdark

clouds,shesawasinglewhitefeather.Agullfeather?Shesearchedtheskyforananswer.Puttingherarmsaround

knees,sheclosedeyestoholdinthetears（眼淚）.“Kee-ia/z/Kee-aahrKatiesatup.Katie!KatieTSoon,Dad

andUncleRalphappeared.4tHowlucky!WeheardGulliveraswecamearoundtherocks,9,UncleRalphsaid,"At

least...itsoundedlikehim.Strange,hewasnowhereinsight."Katierememberedthefeather.6<IthoughtIheard

him,too.”

一AdaptedfromthestorybyGillianRichardson

16.Katietookacameratotheharbourinordertotakeapictureof.

A.GulliverB.ErnestC.sparrowsD.boats

17.WhafstherightorderofthefollowingeventsaboutKatie?

①Shewastrappedonarockbyastorm.

②Shelayinherstrolleronthefloatingdock.

?Shefollowedthesmallducksrunningtowardswater.

A.①②③B.①③②C.②③①D.②①③

18.WhichofthefollowingcanshowthechangeofKatie,sfeelingsinParagraph3?

A.sad-peaceful-excitedB.sad一excited-nervous

C.helpless-hopeful-thankfulD.helpless-thankful-nervous

19.Whafsthebesttitleforthestory?

A.KatieandGulliverB.Katie9sHolidays

C.KatieandDadD.Katie5sTears

【答案】16.A17.C18.C19.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文根據(jù)GillianRichardson所寫(xiě)的故事改編，主要講述了女孩Katie和海鷗Gulliver的故事。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"KatiewaswaitingfbrGulliver飛calls.”可知，Katie想拍Gulliver。故選A。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"YoungKatielayinherstroller（嬰兒車）onthefloatingdock（碼頭）whenUncleRalphand

Dadwererepairingboatsnearby.“可知，她躺在浮動(dòng)船塢上的嬰兒車?yán)铮虼刷谂旁诘谝晃?；根?jù)“Hestopped

Katieasshetriedtofollowthesmallducksrunningtowardswater.“可知，她跟著小鴨子朝水邊跑去，因此③排

在第二位；根據(jù)“Oneday,sherowedaboatoutbutwastrappedonarockbyastorm.“可知，她被暴風(fēng)雨困在巖

石上，因此①排在第一位。故選C。

18.推理判斷題o根據(jù)“Oneday,sherowedaboatoutbutwastrappedonarockbyastorm.”可推矢口，她被暴風(fēng)

雨困在巖石上應(yīng)該是無(wú)助的；根據(jù)“shesawasinglewhitefeather.Agullfeather?Shesearchedtheskyforan

answer.”可推知，當(dāng)看到白色羽毛時(shí)，她應(yīng)該是滿懷希望的；根據(jù)“Soon,DadandUncleRalphappeared.”可知，

爸爸和叔叔找到了她應(yīng)該是感激的。故選C。

19.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，主要講述了女孩Katie和海鷗Gulliver的故事。故選項(xiàng)A"Katie和Gulliver^^

適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。

高頻考點(diǎn)7：段落大意題

解題口訣：見(jiàn)首也見(jiàn)尾

段落首尾句，關(guān)注高頻詞：若遇轉(zhuǎn)折詞，主旨其后出。

口訣識(shí)別

閱讀理解題中需要對(duì)段落大意進(jìn)行總結(jié)時(shí)，用此口訣解題。

口訣解題典例

Today,manyhospitalsletinspeciallytraineddogstobringloveandcheertopatientsShayneisatherapy（治

療）dog.Shevisitschildrenwhoareinhospital.DogslikeShaynehelppatientsfeelcalm.Theyhelppeoplestay

strongduringthelonghospitalstay.Withthehelpofthedogs,thepatientscangetbettermorequickly.

Whatisthemainideaofthisparagraph?

A.Hospitalsneedmanyspecialdogs.B.Dogscanhelppatientsgetbetter.

C.Patientsneedloveinthehospital.D.Doctorsaretoobusytoseepatients

口訣解題答案解析

根據(jù)段尾句“Withthehelpofthedogs,thepatientscangetbettermorequickly.“可知，本段主旨是“狗可以幫助患

者康復(fù)”，故選B。

解題坑點(diǎn)

1.要注意段落大意題的正確選項(xiàng)可能是同義改寫(xiě)，而非原文原句。

2.如果段首段尾沒(méi)有主旨句，則需要對(duì)段落內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納與整合。

母題

（2024?山東濟(jì)南?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Warmingtemperaturesandshorterwintersmightsoundliketheendof

snowdays.However,risingtemperaturesmayactuallycausesnowstormstodumpmoresnow,saysDavid

Robinson.HeisaprofessoratauniversityinNewJersey.Hestudiesclimate（氣候）change.

TemperaturechangeisoneofthegreatestinEarth5sclimatechangeoveralongperiodoftime.Itcanhappen

naturallyorbecauseofhumanactivities,suchasburninggasandcoal.Burningthesefuelsproducescarbondioxide

（二氧化碳）andotherpollutantsintotheatmosphere,whichholdheatintheatmosphere,leadingtowarmerglobal

temperaturesovertime.

Buthowcouldwarmertemperaturesleadtomoresnow?Togetsnow,youneedmoisture（水汽）andfreezing

temperatures（0℃orless）,saysRobinson.Withoutmoistureintheair,thereisnoprecipitation（rainorsnow）.

Robinsonsaystherearesignsthatsnowstormsarebecomingstronger.Thisisbecauseofthisconnectionbetween

moistureandprecipitation.

“Thewarmertheairbecomes,themoremoistureitholds.So,ififswarmingandstillcoldenoughtosnow,

youcangetmoresnow,“Robinsonsays.

Ofthe10biggestsnowfallsinD.C.region,fivehappenedinthepast25years,accordingtotheNWS.

Duringthatsametimeperiod,averagewintertemperaturesinD.C.increased.In1996,theaveragewinter

temperaturewas1.8℃.In2020,itwas6℃.

Weatherexpertssuggestthatrisingtemperaturesmaymakewintershorterandlesscold.Butfornow,thesnow

isstillfalling.Oneday,wintermightnothaveanydaysbelowthefreezingtemperature.Oncetemperaturesstay

abovefreezing,snowstormsbecomerain.Untilthen,wemightcontinuetoseestrongstorms.

AccordingtoRobinson,thattimecouldcomesoonerthanwethink.Hesays,“Whenwelookback,yearsfrom

now,wemayseethatthiswasthebreakingpoint.^^

20.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Ho