Physiology知到智慧樹章節(jié)測試課后答案2024年秋錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)

Physiology知到智慧樹章節(jié)測試課后答案2024年秋錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一章單元測試

Therelativestabilizationofphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofinternalenvironmentiscalled（）

A:reflexB:hemostasisC:homeostasisD:hematocritE:excitability

答案:homeostasisTheregularresponseoforganismtothestimulationunderthemediationofcentralnervoussystemiscalled（）

A:reflexB:excitabilityC:actionD:contractE:production

答案:reflexThecharacteristicsofneuroregulationare（）

A:slow,diffuseandshortB:slow,diffuseandlongC:rapid,accurateandshortD:amplitudeandrangearesmallerE:rapid,accurateandlong

答案:rapid,accurateandshortThecharacteristicsofhumoralregulationare（）

A:slow,diffuseandlongB:rapid,accurateandshortC:rapid,accurateandlongD:slow,diffuseandshortE:amplitudeandrangearesmaller

答案:slow,diffuseandlongWhichisfeed-forward?（）

A:bodytemperatureincreasedbeforewinterswimmingB:defecationC:deliveryD:bloodcoagulationE:depressorreflex

答案:bodytemperatureincreasedbeforewinterswimmingThyroidhormonesecretionincreasedisdueto___inacoldenvironment.（）

A:neuroregulationB:humoralregulationC:neurohumoralregulationD:conductinformationE:autoregulation

答案:neurohumoralregulationInsulincanlowerbloodsugar,whichis（）

A:neuroregulationB:humoralregulationC:autoregulationD:feed-forwardE:positivefeedback

答案:humoralregulationWhichoneispredominantinregulationofbodyfunctions?（）

A:localhumoralregulationB:autoregulationC:systemichumoralregulationD:autocrineregulationE:neuroregulation

答案:neuroregulationTheinternalenvironmentis（）

A:bodyfluidB:interstitialfluidC:intracellularfluidD:bloodE:extracellularfluid

答案:extracellularfluidWhichispositivefeedbackinthefollowingphenomena?（）

A:tendonreflexB:musculartensionC:depressorreflexD:pulmonarystretchreflexE:micturitionreflex

答案:micturitionreflex

第二章單元測試

Themannerthatoxygenenterintothecellis（）

A:endocytosisB:activetransportC:exocytosisD:simplediffusionE:facilitateddiffusion

答案:simplediffusionHowmanytheenergywillbeusedbyNa+pumpinacell?（）

A:5%-10%B:30%-40%C:20%-30%D:60%-70%E:10%-20%

答案:20%-30%TheimbalancedistributionofNa+andK+insideandoutsidethecellitdueto_____.（）

A:theeffectofNa+pumpB:theresultthatNa+andK+movingacrossthecellmembranebyfacilitateddiffusionC:thehighpermeabilityofcellmembranetoK+inrestconditionD:theeffectofATPE:theincreaseofthepermeabilityofthecellmembranetoNa+whenexcited

答案:theeffectofNa+pumpTheneurotransmitterattheneuromuscularjunctionis（）

A:GABAB:5-HTC:noradrenalineD:AChE:adrenaline

答案:AChDuringtheabsoluterefractoryperiod,theexcitabilityoftissuesis（）

A:zeroB:equaltothenormalC:lessthanthenormalD:infinityE:greaterthanthenormal

答案:zeroTheamplitudeofAPoftheneuroniscloseto（）

A:overshootvalueB:Na+equilibriumpotentialC:thesumofRPandNa+equilibriumpotentialD:K+equilibriumpotentialE:thedifferenceofRPandNa+equilibriumpotential

答案:thedifferenceofRPandNa+equilibriumpotentialIfthedurationofanactionpotentialofthemyelinatednervefiberlasts2ms，thenumberoftheactionpotentialspersecondcannotexceeds___intheory.（）

A:600timesB:200timesC:300timesD:500timesE:400times

答案:500timesInthedepolarizationphaseofanactionpotential,Na+movesintothecellby___.（）

A:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbycarrierB:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbychannelC:secondaryactivetransportD:simplediffusionE:endocytosis

答案:thefacilitateddiffusionmediatedbychannelThedepolarizingphaseofAPofaneuronisformedby（）

A:Na+influxB:K+effluxC:Ca2+influxD:Cl-influxE:deactivationofNa+channel

答案:Na+influxInwhichperiodoftheprecedingexcitationinanervefiber,thenextexcitationcannotappear?（）

A:theeffectiverefractoryperiodB:thesupranormalperiodC:thesubnormalperiodD:therelativerefractoryperiodE:theabsoluterefractoryperiod

答案:theabsoluterefractoryperiod

第三章單元測試

Plasmacrystalosmoticpressureismainlycomposedof___.（）

A:globulinB:glucoseC:NaClD:fibrinogenE:albumin

答案:NaClThebloodvolumeofamanwithbodyweightof60kgisabout___.（）

A:2.4-3.0LB:3.0-4.0LC:1.2-2.4LD:4.8-6.0LE:4.2-4.8L

答案:4.2-4.8LTheeffectoftheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureistomaintainwaterequilibrium___.（）

A:betweenthearteryandtheveinB:acrossthecellmembraneC:acrossthebloodvesselD:betweentheatmosphereandthebodyfluidE:inthelungs

答案:acrossthecellmembraneThereisahealthymanweighing60kg,32yearsold.Hisvolumeofplasmashouldbeabout___.（）

A:40LB:3.0LC:4-5LD:20LE:10L

答案:3.0LWhichoneofthefollowingstatementsabouttheplasmaosmoticpressureisfalse?（）

A:TheplasmsacrystalosmoticpressureisequaltotheinterstitialcrystalosmoticpressureB:TheplasmacolloidosmoticpressureisthemostimportantinmaintainingthewaterequilibriumacrossthebloodvesselsC:TheplasmsacolloidosmoticpressureishigherthantheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureD:pressureishigherthantheinterstitialcolloidosmoticpressureE:Theplasmacrystalosmoticpressureisthemostimportantinmaintainingthewaterequilibriumacrossthecellmembrane

答案:TheplasmsacolloidosmoticpressureishigherthantheplasmacrystalosmoticpressureIfthebloodisstoredinlowtemperatureforalongtime,theK+concentrationintheplasmawillrises.Itisdueto___.（）

A:thehemolysisB:hypoxiaC:theincreaseofthedecrepitredcellsD:inshortsupplyofglucoseE:thedecreaseofactivityofNa+/K+pump

答案:thedecreaseofactivityofNa+/K+pumpTheprimaryhumoralfactorregulatingtheerythropoisisis___.（）

A:theextractoftheredcellsB:estrogenC:androgenD:thyroidhormoneE:erythropoietin

答案:erythropoietinGenerallyspeaking,thebloodgroupmeans（）

A:thetypesofspecialagglutininsintheRBCB:thetypesofspecialagglutininsintheplasmaC:thetypesofreceptorsintheRBCD:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheplasmaE:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheRBC

答案:thetypesofspecialagglutinogensintheRBCTheprimarymechanismpreventingcoagulationbyheparinis（）

A:promotingtheformationoffibrinB:enhancingtheactivityofantithrombinIIIC:noneoftheaboveD:inhibitingtheactivationofthethrombinogenE:inhibitingtheactivationofthefactorX

答案:enhancingtheactivityofantithrombinIIIIfapersononlycontainsanti-Aagglutinininhisblood,hisbloodgroupcouldbe___.（）

A:groupOB:groupBorgroupABC:groupABD:groupAE:groupB

答案:groupB

第四章單元測試

Bloodpressurecanbebufferedby___.（）

A:elasticityofaortaB:venousreturnC:rateoftransfusionD:cardiaccontractilityE:heartrate

答案:elasticityofaortaIfstrokevolumeis75ml/beatandheartrateis80beats/min,whatisthecardiacoutput?（）

A:5.25L/minB:5.5L/minC:2.0L/minD:6.0L/minE:3.0L/min

答案:6.0L/minInwhichphaseofcardiaccycleisthepressureoftheventriclehighest？（）

A:theendofrapidejectionperiodB:theendofrapidfillingperiodC:theendofventricularsystoleperiodD:theendofatrialsystoleperiodE:theendofisovolumetriccontractionperiod

答案:theendofrapidejectionperiodAVvalvescloseat___.（）

A:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodB:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiodC:thebeginningofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodD:thebeginningofrapidejectionperiodE:thebeginningofrapidfillingperiod

答案:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiodThecardiacoutputofhealthyadultmaleatrestis（）

A:9-10L/minB:11-12L/minC:7-8L/minD:4-6L/minE:2-3L/min

答案:4-6L/minThesecondheartsoundisprimarilyformedby（）

A:noneofaboveB:theclosureofAVvalvesC:theopenofAVvalvesD:theopenofthesemilunarvalvesE:theclosureofthesemilunarvalves

答案:theclosureofthesemilunarvalvesAutoregulationofheartpumpingfunctionmeansthatthestrokevolumeisdeterminedby____.（）

A:cardiacreserveB:endsystolicvolumeoftheventricleC:meanarterialpressureD:heartrateE:enddiastolicvolumeoftheventricle

答案:enddiastolicvolumeoftheventricleAVvalvesopenat___.（）

A:theendoftheslowejectionperiodB:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodC:thebeginningofisovolumetriccontractionperiodD:thebeginningoftheventricularsystoleE:theendofisovolumetriccontractionperiod

答案:theendofisovolumetricrelaxationperiodWhichtypeofthemyocardialtissuehasthefastestconductionvelocity?（）

A:thePurkinjefiberB:A-VnodeC:theventricleD:theatriaE:SAnode

答案:thePurkinjefiberTheexcitabilityofcardiacmusclecellinthesupranormalperiodishigherthannormal,so___.（）

A:conductionvelocityofexcitationisalsofasterthannormalB:theautorhythmicityishigherthannormalC:thevelocityofthephase0ofanactionpotentialisfasterthannormalD:theamplitudeoftheactionpotentialishigherthannormalE:thethresholdintensityislowerthannormal

答案:thethresholdintensityislowerthannormal

第五章單元測試

Ifthetidalvolumedecreasesby50%，therespiratoryfrequencyincreasesfrom12/minto24/min，___.（）

A:thealveolarventilationincreasesB:thealveolarventilationdecreasesC:theminuteventilationvolumedecreasesD:theminuteventilationvolumeincreasesE:thealveolarventilationdoesnotchange

答案:thealveolarventilationdecreasesTheairexchangebetweenthecapillariesandthealveoliinlungiscalled___.（）

A:gasexchangeintissueB:gastransportC:pulmonaryventilationD:gasexchangeinlungE:cellularrespiration

答案:gasexchangeinlungThefactorthatactsasabufferagainsttheextremechangesinalveolarairpressureis___.（）

A:thefunctionalresidualcapacityB:theinspiratoryreservevolumeC:theinspiratorycapacityD:thetidalvolumeE:theexpiratoryreservevolume

答案:thefunctionalresidualcapacityThetotallungcapacityisequalto___.（）

A:thetidalvolumeplusthefunctionalresidualcapacityB:theinspiratorycapacityplusthefunctionalresidualcapacityC:thesumofthetidalvolumeandthevitalcapacityD:thefunctionalresidualcapacityplusthevitalcapacityE:theresidualvolumeplustheinspiratoryreservevolume

答案:theinspiratorycapacityplusthefunctionalresidualcapacityTheindexusedtocomparethepulmonaryelasticresistanceamongpersonsis___.（）

A:thecomplianceB:thevitalcapacity;C:theminuteventilationvolumeD:thespecificcomplianceE:thetimedvitalcapacity

答案:thespecificcomplianceTheintrapleuralpressureintheendofexpirationis___.（）

A:equaltotheairpressureB:lowerthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofinspirationC:higherthantheairpressureD:higherthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpirationE:lowerthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpiration

答案:higherthantheintrapleuralpressureinthebeginningofexpirationThesitewherethepartialpressureofCO2isthehighestis___.（）

A:thecapillarybloodB:thetissuesC:thearterialbloodD:thealveoliE:thevenousblood

答案:thetissuesIfthetidalvolumeofamanisabout500ml，hisdeadspacevolumeisabout150ml，hisrespiratoryrateis12/min，andhiscardiacoutputis5L/min,hisventilation/perfusionratiois___.（）

A:0.84B:0.8C:1.2D:1.4E:3

答案:0.84Thebicarbonatesintheplasmaismainlysynthesizedintheredcells,because___.（）

A:CO2partialpressureishigherB:hemoglobincaninhibitthereactionofCO2andwaterC:theredcellcontainsalargeamountofcarbonicanhydraseD:thereisaspecialHCO-3carrieronthemembraneoftheredcellE:theredcellisrichinhemoglobin

答案:theredcellcontainsalargeamountofcarbonicanhydraseTheprimaryformaswhichCO2istransportedinbloodis___.（）

A:carbaminohemoglobinB:bloodglucoseC:physicaldissolutionD:bicarbonateE:bloodproteins

答案:bicarbonate

第六章單元測試

Theactivatorofpepsinogenis（）

A:K+B:HClC:Na+D:gastrinE:intrinsicfactor

答案:HClMostofnutrientsareabsorbedin（）

A:theduodenumB:thesmallintestineC:theesophagusandthestomachD:thelargeintestineE:thestomach

答案:thesmallintestineWhichiswronginthefollowingdescriptionsabouttheeffectsofhydrochloricacid?（）

A:killingmanyswallowedbacteriaB:promotingtheabsorptionofvitaminB12C:activatingthepepsinogenD:promotingthesecretionofpancreaticjuiceE:promotingtheabsorptionofcalciumandferrum

答案:promotingtheabsorptionofvitaminB12ThesubstancethatisinvolvedintheabsorptionofvitaminB12is___.（）

A:HClB:pepsinC:Cl-D:intrinsicfactorE:Na+

答案:intrinsicfactorThemechanismbywhichtheaciditychymeinthesmallintestinepromotesthesecretionofpancreaticjuiceis___.（）

A:thereleaseofthesecretinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineB:thereleaseofthegastrinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineC:theexcitationofsympatheticnerveD:thereleaseofthecholecystokininbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineE:theexcitationofthevagusnerve

答案:thereleaseofthesecretinbymucousmembraneofthesmallintestineMostdigestionoccursin（）

A:thesmallintestineB:thelargeintestineC:thestomachD:theesophagusE:themouth

答案:thesmallintestineWhichofthesestatementsaboutgastricsecretionofHClisfalse?（）

A:HClhydrolyzespeptidebondsB:HClissecretedbyparietalcellsC:HClisneededfortheconversionofpepsinogentopepsinD:HClisneededformaximumactivityofpepsinE:HClcankillbacteria

答案:HClhydrolyzespeptidebondsOriginalsiteofslowwave(basicelectricalrhythm,BER)ofthegutsmoothmuscleis（）

A:CajalcellB:ScellC:IcellD:Gcell

答案:CajalcellTheorderfromfasttoslowofgastricemptyingrateinstomachis（）

A:sugar＞fat＞proteinB:protein＞fat＞sugarC:sugar＞protein＞fatD:protein＞sugar＞fatE:fat＞sugar＞protein

答案:sugar＞protein＞fatThemostactiveofpepsinisunderthepHvalue（）

A:pH0.9～1.5B:pH2～3C:pH2～3.5D:pH1.8～3.5E:pH2～2.5

答案:pH1.8～3.5

第七章單元測試

Whichoneisthelargesteffectaboutspecificdynamiceffectoffood?（）

A:mineralsaltsB:proteinsC:fatsD:vitaminE:carbohydrates

答案:proteinsWhichdiseasewithbasalmetabolicrateincreasessignificantly?（）

A:hypothyroidismB:hyperthyroidismC:hyperlipidemiaD:hypertensionE:diabetes

答案:hyperthyroidismWhentheenvironmenttemperatureishigherthantheskintemperature,themainmanneroftheheatlossis（）

A:convectionB:conductionC:shiveringD:evaporationE:radiation

答案:evaporationTheformofheatproductioninnewborninfants’bodyis（）

A:skeletalmusclescontractionB:yellowadiposetissueC:whiteadiposetissueD:brownadiposetissueE:shivering

答案:brownadiposetissueNormalrectaltemperatureis（）

A:36.0～37.9℃B:36.0～37.4℃C:36.0～36.4℃D:36.9～37.9℃E:36.7～37.7℃

答案:36.9～37.9℃Themajorformofheatproductionofthebodyis___duringthecoldenvironment.（）

A:temperaturestimulusproducesmuscletonusB:increasingmetabolismofvisceraC:non-shiveringthermogenesisD:increasingmetabolismofliverE:shiveringthermogenesis

答案:shiveringthermogenesisThewrongdescriptionaboutbodymassindex(BMI)is（）

A:waistcircumferenceofmaleislessthan87cmB:weight/(height)2C:＞24withboundaryofoverweightD:18-24withnormalE:＞28withboundaryofobesity

答案:waistcircumferenceofmaleislessthan87cmWaistcircumferenceofmaleislessthan（）

A:75cmB:95cmC:80cmD:90cmE:85cm

答案:85cmWhichmuscleactivitycansignificantlyincreasemetabolicrate?（）

A:playingvolleyballB:sweepingthefloorC:washingclothesD:playingbasketballE:playingfootball

答案:playingfootballThewrongdescriptionaboutspecificdynamiceffectoffoodis（）

A:proteincanproducegreatesteffectB:theingestionoffoodrapidlyincreasesthemetabolicrateandproducesextraheatforafewhoursaftereatingC:becauseoffooddigestionintheGItractD:proteincanproduce30%extraheatE:becauseoftheaminoacids’metabolismintheliver

答案:becauseoffooddigestionintheGItract

第八章單元測試

Na+reabsorptioninthedistaltubulesandthecollectingductsismainlyregulatedby（）

A:adhB:angiotensinIIC:aldosteroneD:adrenalineE:glucocorticoid

答案:aldosteroneThemechanismofabsorptioninthickascendinglimbis（）

A:2Na+∶K+∶Cl-activetransportbysymportB:Na+∶K+∶2Cl-activetransportbysymportC:Na+∶K+∶2Cl-passivetransportbysymportD:Na+∶K+∶2Cl-passivetransportbyantiportE:Na+∶K+∶2Cl-activetransportbyAntiport

答案:Na+∶K+∶2Cl-activetransportbysymportWhichoneisnotthefactoraffectingglomerularfiltration?（）

A:plasmacolloidosmoticpressureB:capsularpressureC:renalbloodflowD:glomerularcapillarybloodpressureE:filtrationarea

答案:renalbloodflowThesubstancemeasuringglomerularfiltrationrateis（）

A:creatinineB:para-aminohippuricacidC:inulinD:diodrastE:urea

答案:inulinThemostimportantexcretionorganis（）

A:digestivetractB:gallbladderC:skinD:lungE:kidney

答案:kidneyCharacteristicofreabsorptionintheproximaltubuleis（）

A:thevolumeofreabsorptionisverysmallB:thesoluteconcentrationdifferenceonbothsidesofrenaltubularcellsisverybigC:accompaniedbythesecretionofotherionsD:thepotentialdifferenceonbothsidesofrenaltubularcellsisverybigE:isotonicreabsorption

答案:isotonicreabsorptionTheformofHCO3-reabsorptionintheproximaltubuleis（）

A:HCO3-B:CO2C:H+D:Na+-K+exchangeE:H2CO3

答案:CO2Therightdescriptionaboutosmoticgradientintherenalmedullais（）

A:frominnertooutermedulla,fromhighertolowerosmoticgradientB:nochangeC:frominnertooutermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradientD:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromhighertolowerosmoticgradientE:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradient

答案:fromoutertoinnermedulla,fromlowertohigherosmoticgradientThemosthormonetoregulatewaterreabsorptionis（）

A:glucocorticoidB:ADHC:angiotensinⅡD:aldosteroneE:atrialnatriureticpeptide

答案:ADHTransectionbetweencerebralcortexandsacralcordwillinduce（）

A:infantileenuresisB:urineretentionC:atonicbladderD:overflowincontinenceE:urineincontinence

答案:urineincontinence

第九章單元測試

Theeyethatalltheparallellightfocusesonthefrontofretinais（）

A:presbyopiaB:hyperopiaC:emmetropiaD:myopiaE:astigmatism

答案:myopiaThestructuretobalancethepressuredifferencebetweenthemiddleearandatmosphereis（）

A:cochlearholeB:cochlearductC:eustachiantubeD:ovalwindowE:roundwindow

答案:eustachiantubeRegulatingcapacityofeyeismainlydeterminedbythe（）

A:refractionindexofaqueoushumorB:vitreouselasticityC:cornealelasticityD:lenselasticityE:pupildiameter

答案:lenselasticityDeficiencyofVitaminAcanaffect（）

A:colorvisionB:photopicvisionC:visualfieldD:highresolutionE:scotopicvision

答案:scotopicvisionWhichoneiswrongaboutvisualfield?（）

A:bigininferiorandtemporalsideB:smallinsuperiorandnasalsideC:visualfieldofyellowissmallestD:visualfieldofwhiteisbiggestE:visualfieldofredismorethanthatofgreen

答案:visualfieldofyellowissmallestAparticularformofstimulustowhichareceptoristhemostsensitive,whichiscalled___ofreceptor.（）

A:adaptationB:transducerfunctionC:reciprocalinhibitionD:adequatestimulusE:coding

答案:adequatestimulusOpticalrefractionsystemofeyedoesn’tinclude（）

A:retinaB:aqueoushumorC:corneaD:lensE:vitreousbody

答案:retinaThefarthestdistancethatonecanseeobjectsclearlywithoutanyaccommodationofeyeiscalled（）

A:focusB:principalpointC:nearpointD:nodeE:farpoint

答案:farpointThemajoradjustmentduringseeingthenearobjectsis（）

A:convergenceofopticaxisB:myosisC:thelenscurvatureradiusincreasedD:thelenscurvatureradiusdecreasedE:mydriasis

答案:thelenscurvatureradiusdecreasedThecenterofpupillarylightreflexisin（）

A:medullaoblongataB:thehypothalamusC:themidbrainD:thecerebralcortexE:thepons

答案:themidbrain

第十章單元測試

Themaineffectofvestibulocerebellumis（）

A:establishingofmovementprogramB:weakeningmuscletonusC:controllingtheequilibriumofthebodyD:strengtheningmuscletonusE:coordinatingthevoluntarymovement

答案:controllingtheequilibriumofthebodyTheinitialnucleiofthenonspecificprojectionsysteminthalamusare（）

A:specificsensoryrelaynucleusandassociatednucleusB:nonspecificprojectionnucleusandassociatednucleusC:associatednucleusD:nonspecificprojectionnucleusE:specificsensoryrelaynucleus

答案:nonspecificprojectionnucleusConductionvelocityinmyelinatedfibersisfasterthanunmyelinatedfiber,mainlybecause（）

A:theintensityofstimulationB:diameterC:thethicknessofmyelinsheathD:temperatureE:saltatoryconduction

答案:saltatoryconductionThehormonesecretionincreasingduringslowwavesleepis（）

A:adrenalineB:thyroidhormoneC:glucocorticoidD:growthhormoneE:noradrenaline

答案:growthhormoneThemostbasicreflexmaintainingthebodypostureis（）

A:crossedextensorreflexB:rightingreflexC:flexorreflexD:tendonreflexE:muscletonus

答案:muscletonusWhatkindofionpermeabilityincreasedwhentheinhibitorypostsynapticpotential?（）

A:K+,Cl-,especiallyCl-B:Ca2+,Cl-,especiallyCa2+C:K+,Cl-,especiallyK+D:Na+,Cl-,especiallyNa+E:K+,Ca2+,especiallyCa2+

答案:K+,Cl-,especiallyCl-Th