陜西省咸陽市禮泉縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省咸陽市禮泉縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中試題英語試題第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whoborrowedtheman’sbike?A.Hisfriend.B.Hiscousin.C.Hisneighbor.2.WhatisScottdoing?A.Seeingadentist.B.Havingameeting.C.Typingthedocument.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthekeytohersuccess?A.Friends’support.B.Naturaltalent.C.Lotsofpractice.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themagazineisgone.B.Themanwillborrowthemagazine.C.Thewomanwillbuyanewmagazine.5.HowmuchdidTonypayforthebag?A.$6.B.$12.C.$18.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsAI?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Objective.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotothebank.B.Ordersomefood.C.Returnhome.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howlongdoestheexhibitionlastintotal?A.Foroneweek.B.Forthreeweeks.C.Forfourweeks.9.Whataretheopeninghoursofthegalleryonweekends?A.From10:00a.m.to3:00p.m.B.From10:00a.m.to4:00p.m.C.From10:00a.m.to5:00p.m.10.Whatdoesthemanwanttoseenow?A.Oldpictures.B.Modernpaintings.C.Oilpaintings.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhendidJ.K.RowlingfinishthefirstHarryPotterbook?A.Atage25.B.Atage27.C.Atage32.12.WhatdidJamesJoycemainlydoinParis?A.HetaughtEnglish.B.Hestudiedmedicine.C.Helookedafterhismother.13.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Turntothecareeradvisor.B.Readmorebooks.C.Changehermajor.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewoman?A.Atourguide.B.Awriter.C.ATVhostess.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.Interestingbutdemanding.B.Easybutboring.C.Excitingandeasy.16.Whichisthemostpopularthemeparkwithadventurerides?A.MagicKingdom.B.CedarPoint.C.UniversalStudio.17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ontheplane.B.Inapark.C.Inastudio.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whenwilltheswimclassesbegin?A.OnNovember25th.B.OnNovember30th.C.OnDecember29th.19.Howmanyswimclassesarebeingoffered?A.10.B.15.C.20.20.Whomustcometotheswimskillshow?A.ThosewhohavenoLevel3certificate.B.Thosewhowanttopasstheskillleveltestquickly.C.Thosewhohaveneverattendedcommunitypoolclasses.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACampinginNewYork’sStateParksReservationRentalFees·ReservationFee:$7.25.·CampsiteRate:$15pernight.Out-of-stateresidentswillpayanextra$5pernightforcampsites.Cancellations·Cancelling8daysormorebeforearrival:Thecostsyouareexpectedtocoverincludethereservationfee$7.25plusthecancellationfee$7.25.·Cancelling7daysorlessbeforearrival:Thecostsyouareexpectedtocoverincludethereservationfee$7.25andthecancellationfee$7.25,plusthefeeofthefirstnight’scampsites.GeneralRulesandInformation·Reservationscanbemade9monthsinadvance.Same-dayreservationswillbealloweduntil3p.m.onthedayofarrival.·CheckIn:3p.m.Thesitesmustberegisteredby9p.m.onthefirstnightofthereservation.·CheckOut:Campersmustleavetheirsitesnolaterthan11a.m.onthedayofleaving.·14continuousnightsatmostperstay.·Rubbishmustbeplacedintrashbags.Toomuchrubbishonsitesmayresultinfeeschargedtothepermitholder.CamperAssistanceProgramme(CAP)CAPvolunteersserveinvariousways.·Welcomingcampersandhelpingenrichtheircampingexperience.·Familiarizingcamperswithparkprogrammesandrules.·Checkingfacilities.CAPvolunteersserveforatleasttwooratmostfourweeks.Theyareondutyforfivedaysperweek,includingweekendsandholidays.Inreturnfortheirservice,theyreceiveafreecampingsiteduringtheirduty.Additionalcamperswhocomewiththevolunteercanenjoythesametreatment.1.Ifamancancelsninedaysbeforecheck-in,heshouldpay________.A.$7.25. B.$14.5. C.$29.5. D.$34.5.2.Whatmustthecampersdo?A.Bookasiteinadvance.B.Payfortheremovalofrubbish.C.Checkoutbefore11a.m.whenleaving.D.Arrangeforanearlymorningcheck-in.3.WhatdoweknowaboutCAPvolunteers?A.Theyarerequiredtotakeahelper.B.Theyneedtoorganiseparkprogrammes.C.Theymustworkforatleastfourweeks.D.Theyareexpectedtoexaminefacilities.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了紐約州立公園露營的預(yù)訂費(fèi)用、取消政策、一般規(guī)則和信息，以及露營者協(xié)助計(jì)劃(CAP)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Cancellations中“·Cancelling8daysormorebeforearrival:Thecostsyouareexpectedtocoverincludethereservationfee$7.25plusthecancellationfee$7.25.(·在抵達(dá)前8天或更早取消：您需要支付的費(fèi)用包括7.25美元的預(yù)訂費(fèi)和7.25美元的取消費(fèi))”可知，在入住之前9天取消需要支付7.25美元的預(yù)訂費(fèi)和7.25美元的取消費(fèi)；所以一共支付14.5美元。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GeneralRulesandInformation“·CheckOut:Campersmustleavetheirsitesnolaterthan11a.m.onthedayofleaving.(·退房：營員必須在離開當(dāng)天上午11點(diǎn)之前離開營地)”可知，營員必須在離開當(dāng)天上午11點(diǎn)之前離開營地。故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CamperAssistanceProgramme(CAP)中“·Checkingfacilities.(檢查設(shè)備)”可知，志愿者必須檢查設(shè)備。故選D。BWhileotherartistsmightusewatercolorsoroilpaints,MbongeniButheleziuseswasteplasticstocreateportraits(肖像)athisstudioinBooysens,Johannesburg.Hismediumistheplastielitterhecollectsfromlocalrubbishdumpsandcitystreets.“Animalsaredyingandfishintheoceanaredying—becauseofthismaterial.Itiswehumansthatneedtotakeresponsibility,”saidthe56-year-oldartist.Overthepastthreedecades,Buthelezihasbeenusinghisworkstobothhighlightandaddresstheissue.Buthelezi’suseofwastewasn’talwaysindefenseoftheenvironment.Hefirstbeganusingplasticlitterbecausehecouldn’taffordexpensiveoilpaintswhilestudyingatthecollege.Then,hedevelopedauniquetechniqueofusinganelectricheatgunthatproducedhotairtomelttheplastic.AccordingtoButhelezi,thisismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanusingflamestomeltplasticanddoesn’treleasenoxioussmokeandgasesintotheatmosphere.Hisartisticprocessinvolvesmeltingdownpiecesofplasticontoathickplasticbackground,ofteninmorethanonelayer(層)tocreatecomplextexturesandcolorcombinations.Hecallstheprocesssimpleandrandom,butbelievesthatthefinalpiecesspeakforthemselves.“I’minterestedinfindingthedetailsinthepainting,butalsoseethewholestoryasyouviewitfromafar,”hesays.ButhelezialsouseshisartasavehicletotellimportantstoriesaboutSouthAfricaandthedifficultiesoflifeinSouthAfrica’stownships.In2010,onlinemagazineLiveOutLoudsaidhisart“reflectshumanity’softenharmfulimpactontheenvironment,buthisoriginaluseofwasteobjectstopictureanoftenforgottengroupofpeopletrulysetshimapart”.HispaintingshavebeenexhibitedinSouthAfrica,aswellasGermany,theUS,andHolland,foryears.4.WhydidButhelezioriginallyusewasteplasticsforhisart?A.Toreducethecostofcreatingart. B.Todrawattentiontoplasticpollution.C.Tomakehisworkseye-catching. D.Todevelophisownartisticstyle.5.HowdoesButhelezicreatehisartworksonathickplasticsurface?A.Heappliesbrightlypaintedplastic.B.Hecombinesplasticwithwatercolors.C.Helayersthemeltedpiecesofwasteplastic.D.Heusesgluetosticktheplasticlittertogether.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutButhelezi’sworks?A.Theycoverlimitedsubjects.B.Theyhavebeenwellreceived.C.Theysoldnotwellathomeandabroad.D.Theyarelessexpressiveofpoorpeople’slife.7.Inwhichcolumnofthenewspapercanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Health. B.Sports. C.Science. D.People.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了南非約翰內(nèi)斯堡的藝術(shù)家MbongeniButhelezi以廢棄塑料為創(chuàng)作媒介進(jìn)行肖像創(chuàng)作的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hefirstbeganusingplasticlitterbecausehecouldn’taffordexpensiveoilpaintswhilestudyingatthecollege.(他最初開始使用塑料垃圾是因?yàn)樗诖髮W(xué)學(xué)習(xí)期間買不起昂貴的油畫顏料。)”可知，Buthelezi最初使用廢棄塑料進(jìn)行藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作是因?yàn)樗诖髮W(xué)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)買不起昂貴的油畫顏料，也就是為了降低創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的成本，故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hisartisticprocessinvolvesmeltingdownpiecesofplasticontoathickplasticbackground,ofteninmorethanonelayer(層)tocreatecomplextexturesandcolorcombinations.(他的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作過程包括將塑料片熔化到厚厚的塑料背景上，通常不止一層以創(chuàng)建復(fù)雜的紋理和顏色組合。)”可知，Buthelezi是將融化的廢棄塑料片分層放置在厚厚的塑料背景上以創(chuàng)造出復(fù)雜的紋理和色彩組合，從而創(chuàng)作他的藝術(shù)作品，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“HispaintingshavebeenexhibitedinSouthAfrica,aswellasGermany,theUS,andHolland,foryears.(他的畫作已在南非以及德國、美國和荷蘭展出多年。)”可知，他的畫作多年來在南非、德國、美國和荷蘭等地展出，這說明他的作品受到了廣泛的認(rèn)可，即被人們很好地接受了，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章主要講述了藝術(shù)家MbongeniButhelezi使用廢棄塑料創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品的相關(guān)情況，包括他創(chuàng)作的原因、過程以及作品所傳達(dá)的內(nèi)容等，是關(guān)于一個(gè)人的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作經(jīng)歷的介紹，所以最有可能在報(bào)紙的“人物”專欄讀到這篇文章，故選D項(xiàng)。CManypeopleaskthisquestion,“Whyisbodylanguagesoimportant?”Studieshaveshownthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbal(非語言的)expressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualwords.Thismeansthat“howtosay”ismoreimportantthan“whattosay”:Ofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthatyoudon’tneedtomakepreparationsforyourinterviewsandnordoesitmeanthatyoucantakeanyshortcuts.Onthecontrary,thismeansthatyouhavemorethingstopayattentiontoandpreparefor.Intherealworkplace,bodylanguageismuchmoreimportantthanyouthink.Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucan’tintegrate(融合)withtheexternalenvironment,nottomentionthedifficultiesintheabsenceofbodylanguageintheworkplace.“Peoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfromactions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectlyaffectlives:forexample,whowillbeemployedandwhowillbepromoted.”AcademicianAmyCuddysaidinaTVtalkshow.Shealsosaidthat“ourbodylanguagewillalsoaffectourperceptionofourselves.Whenyoutrytomakemoreauthoritativeactions,yourbrainwillunconsciouslyreceivesignalsandactuallycreateanideathatyouaremoreauthoritative,sothatyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself”.Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhaveyourbackbentforward.Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyupright.Youcanevenstandstraightwitharelativelyauthoritativeposture.Ofcourse,youmayneedtodothesethingsinthebathroomorplaceswherenoonecouldseeyou.So,asagreenhand,everytimeyouarenervousorfeelthatyoucan’tdoit,stretchyourbody,smile,andtellyourself,“Fakeittillyoubecomeit!”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph1referto?A.Yourwordshaveagreatereffectthanthewayyouexpressyourself.B.Thewayyouexpressyourselfhasagreatereffectthanyourwords.C.Youshouldpaymuchattentiontothebeginningofcommunication.D.Youshouldattachimportancetotheprocessofcommunication.9.Howcanimproperbodylanguageaffectpeopleaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Theymaynotbeacceptedasamemberofasocialgroup.B.Theymaymakeotherscompletelyunderstandthem.C.Theymaymakeasmallerachievementintheircareer.D.Theymaynothavemuchcontrolovertheirfeelings.10.FromwhatangledidAmyCuddypresentherviewsinParagraph3?A.Medicine. B.Philosophy. C.Psychology. D.History.11.Whydoestheauthorsuggestpeoplenotleanonanyobject?A.Todemonstratetheyshowrespecttoothers.B.Toprovetheyareingoodphysicalcondition.C.Toindicatetheytendtobefriendlytoothers.D.Toshowtheyhavetrustinthemselves.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了身體語言在工作場(chǎng)合的重要性?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。this通常指代前文提到的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)文章第一段畫線前“Studieshaveshownthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbal(非語言的)expressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualwords.Thismeansthat“howtosay”ismoreimportantthan‘whattosay’.(研究表明，在交際過程中，非語言表達(dá)比實(shí)際言語的影響力高出65%~93%。這意味著“怎么說”比“說什么”更重要)”可知“怎么說”比“說什么”更重要?？赏浦?，this指代的是“你表達(dá)自己的方式比你說的話更重要”。即“怎么說必說什么重要”并不意味著你不需要為面試做準(zhǔn)備，也不意味著你可以走捷徑。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucan’tintegrate(融合)withtheexternalenvironment,nottomentionthedifficultiesintheabsenceofbodylanguageintheworkplace.(沒有適當(dāng)?shù)闹w語言，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被困在一個(gè)無法融入外部環(huán)境的圈子里，更不用說在工作場(chǎng)所沒有肢體語言的困難了)”可知，沒有合適的肢體語言，他們可能不會(huì)被一個(gè)社會(huì)群體所接受，無法融入這個(gè)群體或者圈子。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“‘Peoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfromactions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectlyaffectlives:forexample,whowillbeemployedandwhowillbepromoted.’AcademicianAmyCuddysaidinaTVtalkshow.Shealsosaidthat‘ourbodylanguagewillalsoaffectourperceptionofourselves.Whenyoutrytomakemoreauthoritativeactions,yourbrainwillunconsciouslyreceivesignalsandactuallycreateanideathatyouaremoreauthoritative,sothatyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself’.(“人們經(jīng)?？梢詮男袨橹凶龀鐾茢啵@些推斷的結(jié)果直接影響到生活：例如，誰將被雇用，誰將被提升?！痹菏堪住たǖ显谝粰n電視談話節(jié)目中說道。她還說：“我們的肢體語言也會(huì)影響我們對(duì)自己的看法。當(dāng)你試圖做出更權(quán)威的行為時(shí)，你的大腦會(huì)無意識(shí)地接收到信號(hào)，并產(chǎn)生一種你更權(quán)威的想法，這樣你就會(huì)對(duì)自己更有信心?！?”可知，AmyCuddy從心理學(xué)的角度陳述了她的觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whenyoutrytomakemoreauthoritativeactions,yourbrainwillunconsciouslyreceivesignalsandactuallycreateanideathatyouaremoreauthoritative,sothatyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.(當(dāng)你試圖做出更權(quán)威的行為時(shí)，你的大腦會(huì)無意識(shí)地接收到信號(hào)，并實(shí)際上產(chǎn)生一種你更權(quán)威的想法，這樣你就對(duì)自己更有信心了)”以及第四段“Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhaveyourbackbentforward.Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyupright.(因此，在面試或重要會(huì)議之前，盡量不要靠在任何物體上，也不要彎腰。相反，你應(yīng)該盡量保持身體直立)”可知，作者建議人們不要倚靠物品是為了表明他們對(duì)自己有信心。故選D。DRecentdevelopmentsinrobotics,artificialintelligence,andmachinelearninghavebroughtusintheeyeofthestormofanewautomationage.Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.Automationcanenablebusinessestoimproveperformancebyreducingerrorsandimprovingqualityandspeed,andinsomecasesachievingoutcomesthatgobeyondhumancapabilities.Atatimeofweakproductivitygrowthworldwide,automationtechnologiescanprovidethemuch-neededpromotionofeconomicgrowth,accordingtothereport.Automationcouldraiseproductivitygrowthgloballyby0.8percentto1.4percent.Atagloballevel,technicallyautomatedactivitiesinvolved1.1billionemployeesand11.9trillionU.S.dollarsinwages,thereportsaid.Thereportalsoshowedthatactivitiesmostinfluencedbyautomationwerephysicalonesinhighlystructuredandpredictableenvironments,aswellasdatacollectionandprocessing.IntheUnitedStates,theseactivitiesmakeup51percentofactivitiesintheeconomy,accountingforalmost2.7trilliondollarsinwages.Theyaremostcommoninproduction,accommodationandfoodservice,andtheretail(零售)trade.Andit’snotjustlow-skill,low-wageworkthatislikelytobeinfluencedbyautomation;middle-skillandhigh-paying,high-skilloccupations,too,haveadegreeofautomationpotential.Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitive(認(rèn)知的)capabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.12.Whatisthereportmainlyabout?A.Comparisonsofrobotsfromdifferentcountries.B.Analysisofautomation’spotentialineconomy.C.Predictionoftheunemploymentproblem.D.Explanationsoftheconceptofartificialintelligence.13.Whatmighthappenin2055accordingtothetext?A.Automationwillcauseweakproductivitygrowth.B.Automationwillreduceemployees’wages.C.Activitieslikedatacollectionandprocessingwilldisappear.D.Activitiesinvolvingfeelingemotionscanbeperformedbyrobots.14.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthumanworkers?A.Worried. B.Mixed. C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Automation:Afuturereplacementforhumans?B.Robots:Achallengetoallhumans?C.Retailtrade:Wheretogofromhere?D.Automation:Whoistheeventualwinner?【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人技術(shù)、人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的最新發(fā)展使我們進(jìn)入新自動(dòng)化時(shí)代這一背景下自動(dòng)化是否會(huì)在未來取代人類?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.(麥肯錫全球研究所的一份報(bào)告預(yù)測(cè)，到2055年，隨著技術(shù)的適應(yīng)，人們所做的大約一半的工作可能會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。)”以及第三段中“Thereportalsoshowedthatactivitiesmostinfluencedbyautomationwerephysicalonesinhighlystructuredandpredictableenvironments,aswellasdatacollectionandprocessing.IntheUnitedStates,theseactivitiesmakeup51percentofactivitiesintheeconomy,accountingforalmost2.7trilliondollarsinwages.Theyaremostcommoninproduction,accommodationandfoodservice,andtheretail(零售)trade.Andit’snotjustlow-skill,low-wageworkthatislikelytobeinfluencedbyautomation;middle-skillandhigh-paying,high-skilloccupations,too,haveadegreeofautomationpotential.(報(bào)告還顯示，受自動(dòng)化影響最大的活動(dòng)是高度結(jié)構(gòu)化和可預(yù)測(cè)環(huán)境中的體力活動(dòng)，以及數(shù)據(jù)收集和處理。在美國，這些活動(dòng)占經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的51%，占近2.7萬億美元的工資。它們?cè)谏a(chǎn)、住宿和食品服務(wù)以及零售業(yè)中最常見。受自動(dòng)化影響的不僅僅是低技能、低工資的工作；中等技能和高薪、高技能職業(yè)也有一定程度的自動(dòng)化潛力)”可知，報(bào)告主要是關(guān)于自動(dòng)化在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的潛力分析，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitive(認(rèn)知的)capabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.(機(jī)器人和計(jì)算機(jī)不僅能比人類更好、更廉價(jià)地執(zhí)行一系列日常體力工作活動(dòng)，而且也越來越有能力完成需要認(rèn)知能力的活動(dòng)，比如感知情緒或駕駛。)”可知，到2055年，像感受情緒這樣的活動(dòng)機(jī)器人也能夠完成，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.(雖然當(dāng)前關(guān)于自動(dòng)化的大部分爭(zhēng)論都集中在許多人可能被取代并因此失去財(cái)務(wù)資源的可能性上，但分析表明，人類仍然是必需的：只有當(dāng)人們與機(jī)器一起工作時(shí)，總生產(chǎn)力的提高才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”可知，作者對(duì)人類工人的前景是持樂觀態(tài)度的，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Recentdevelopmentsinrobotics,artificialintelligence,andmachinelearninghavebroughtusintheeyeofthestormofanewautomationage.Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.(機(jī)器人技術(shù)、人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的最新發(fā)展使我們處于新自動(dòng)化時(shí)代的風(fēng)暴中心。麥肯錫全球研究所的一份報(bào)告預(yù)測(cè)，到2055年，隨著技術(shù)的適應(yīng)，人們所做的大約一半的工作可能會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。)”及最后一段“Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.(雖然當(dāng)前關(guān)于自動(dòng)化的大部分爭(zhēng)論都集中在許多人可能被取代并因此失去財(cái)務(wù)資源的可能性上，但分析表明，人類仍然是必需的：只有當(dāng)人們與機(jī)器一起工作時(shí)，總生產(chǎn)力的提高才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人技術(shù)、人工智能和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的最新發(fā)展使我們進(jìn)入新自動(dòng)化時(shí)代這一背景下自動(dòng)化是否會(huì)在未來取代人類，A項(xiàng)“Automation:Afuturereplacementforhumans?(自動(dòng)化：人類的未來替代品？)”最能概括全文，故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.___16___Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.___17___Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.Sostayingrelaxedisofparticularimportance.Ifyou’regoingintoanimportantmeetingorinterview,dosomebreathingexercises.Afewbig,full,deepbreathscandoalottocalmyoudown.Focusononeeye.___18___It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.Ifithelps,trymovingbackandforthbetweenthetwoeyes.Breakyourgaze(凝視)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.___19___Thislooksnaturalaswellasprovidingyouwithaneededbreakifnecessary.___20___It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething.Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.A.It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.B.Practiceothergoodlisteningskills.C.Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.D.Trytokeepyoureyescloseasmuchaspossible.E.Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.F.It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.G.Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何在溝通中進(jìn)行眼神交流?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.(良好的眼神交流是良好溝通技巧中非常困難卻又重要的一部分。如果你想提高與人對(duì)視的能力，你可以自己練習(xí)眼神交流，以便在對(duì)話中給人留下正確的印象。)”可知，本空要說跟“練習(xí)眼神交流的好處”有關(guān)的話題，E選項(xiàng)“Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.(這樣做可以讓你成為一個(gè)更好的傾聽者和更有效的演講者。)”承接上文，是上文的結(jié)果，且引出下文講述的如何進(jìn)行眼神交流，其中的doingso指的是空前的“Makinggoodeyecontact”。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)本段主題句“Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.(盡量放松。)”可知，本段建議盡量放松，結(jié)合空后的“Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.(你的緊張可能會(huì)被誤解為不誠實(shí)。)”可知，此處講述的內(nèi)容是對(duì)該空進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步闡述，也就是說，此空講述的內(nèi)容與感到緊張相關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)“Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.(你越想自己在做什么，你就會(huì)覺得越尷尬。)”中的“moreawkward”與空后的“nervousness”意義相關(guān)，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】結(jié)合本段的主題句“Focusononeeye.(專注一只眼睛。)”可知，本段建議眼神交流時(shí)關(guān)注一只眼睛，A選項(xiàng)“It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.(實(shí)際上，從生理上講，你很難盯著另一個(gè)人的兩只眼睛。)”講述的內(nèi)容與本段的主題句內(nèi)容一致，是對(duì)主題句的內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步解釋，且空后的“It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.(更常見的做法是盯著一只眼睛，或者盯著臉上的某個(gè)地方，而不是同時(shí)盯著兩只眼睛。)”講述的內(nèi)容是對(duì)該選項(xiàng)的進(jìn)一步闡述，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Breakyourgaze(凝視)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.(在傾聽的時(shí)候，把目光移開，做出其他手勢(shì)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)撆c“把目光移開，做出其他手勢(shì)”有關(guān)的話題，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.(當(dāng)你笑的時(shí)候，或者點(diǎn)頭微笑的時(shí)候，移開視線是好的。)”講述的內(nèi)容承接上文，符合語境，該選項(xiàng)中的“breakeyecontact”與上文“Breakyourgaze”相呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】分析語篇可知，此處為本段的主題句，結(jié)合其它段落的主題句可知，該空為祈使句，根據(jù)空后的“It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething.Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.(一邊聽一邊看是一回事。但當(dāng)你想說點(diǎn)什么的時(shí)候，保持眼神交流就比較困難了。如果你不得不偶爾打斷你的目光，不要害怕，但在你說話的時(shí)候，試著讓你的臉和眼睛向前和向上。)”可知，本段講述的是在說話和傾聽時(shí)都要盡量保持眼神專注，G選項(xiàng)“Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.(當(dāng)你說話和聽的時(shí)候，盡量讓你的眼睛集中。)”為祈使句，且講述的內(nèi)容與本段內(nèi)容一致。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BaiPeilanistheChinesenameofFloraBottonBeja.TheChinesecharacterlaninhername___21___orchid(蘭花)inEnglish.IntraditionalChineseculture,theorchidisthe___22___ofgracefulness,politenessandfriendship.BorninGreece,BottonmovedtoMexicowithherfamilyattheageof15,whereshestartedawonderfuljourneythatfinally___23___herfortunetothatofChina.Sheisnow___24___asoneofthecreatorsinthefieldofSinology(漢學(xué))inMexico.BottonfirsttraveledtoChinain1975,andlaterworkedattheMexicanembassy(大使)inChina,actively___25___toculturalexchangeprograms.She___26___culturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMexicothroughtranslation,teachingandwriting.She___27___ChineseclassicsintoSpanish,suchasMencius,Xunzi,andMozi,aswellasTangDynastystories.Throughoutherteachingjob,BottontaughtChinesephilosophyandhistorytoher___28___.Shebelievedthatknowingaboutthepastis___29___tounderstandthepresent.Shehasalsoworked____30____tointroduceChinatotheworldthroughherwriting.HerSpanish-languageworksbuilta____31____bridgeforculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMexico.Nowinher90s,shewashonoredwiththeexcellent____32____awardattheOrchidAwards,in____33____ofhercontributiontointroducingChinatoSpanish-speakingcountries.Whenaskedwhat____34____herwriting,Botton’sanswerissimpleyet____35____.“IloveChina,”shesays.21.A.standsfor B.insistson C.callson D.appealsto22.A.excuse B.symbol C.opinion D.form23.A.returned B.paid C.added D.tied24.A.trained B.designed C.regarded D.missed25.A.opposing B.devoting C.refusing D.replying26.A.promoted B.balanced C.described D.admired27.A.translated B.mixed C.broke D.developed28.A.neighbors B.friends C.parents D.students29.A.remote B.common C.necessary D.unique30.A.impatiently B.unwillingly C.dishonestly D.tirelessly31.A.poor B.strong C.weak D.cheap32.A.charity B.achievement C.invention D.kindness33.A.recognition B.charge C.advance D.search34.A.benefits B.praises C.inspires D.corrects35.A.strange B.boring C.meaningful D.awkward【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.A28.D29.C30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了墨西哥學(xué)院亞非研究中心教授白佩蘭女士與中國的不解之緣，她為向西語世界介紹中國做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她名字里的“蘭”字在英文里是“蘭花”的意思。A.standsfor代表；B.insistson堅(jiān)持；C.callson號(hào)召；D.appealsto吸引。根據(jù)上文“TheChinesecharacterlaninhername”指名字的中國字“蘭”代表的是一種蘭花。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中，蘭花是優(yōu)雅、禮貌和友誼的象征。A.excuse借口；B.symbol象征；C.opinion觀點(diǎn)；D.form形式。后文“ofgracefulness,politenessandfriendship”是蘭花的象征意義。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：波頓出生于希臘，15歲時(shí)隨家人移居墨西哥，在那里她開始了一段奇妙的旅程，最終將她的命運(yùn)與中國的命運(yùn)聯(lián)系在一起。A.returned返回；B.paid支付；C.added增加；D.tied系。根據(jù)后文“herfortunetothatofChina”指她的命運(yùn)與中國的命運(yùn)聯(lián)系在了一起。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是墨西哥漢學(xué)領(lǐng)域的締造者之一。A.trained訓(xùn)練；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.regarded看作；D.missed錯(cuò)過，想念。根據(jù)后文“asoneofthecreatorsinthefieldofSinologyinMexico”指她現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是墨西哥漢學(xué)領(lǐng)域的締造者之一，此處為短語beregardedas(被看作)。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：波頓于1975年首次訪問中國，后來在墨西哥駐華大使館工作，積極致力于文化交流項(xiàng)目。A.opposing反對(duì)；B.devoting奉獻(xiàn)，致力于；C.refusing拒絕；D.replying回答。根據(jù)后文“toculturalexchangeprograms”指波頓積極致力于文化交流項(xiàng)目，為短語devoteto(致力于)。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她通過翻譯、教學(xué)和寫作促進(jìn)了中墨兩國的文化交流。A.promoted促進(jìn)；B.balanced平衡；C.described描述；D.admired欽佩。根據(jù)后文“culturalexchangesbe-tweenChina