四川省攀枝花市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省攀枝花市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBuckheadareaofAtlantaisfilledwithmust-seeattractions(景點(diǎn))andthingstodo,includingmuseums,theaters,nightlifeandparks.LegolandDiscoveryCenterLegolandDiscoveryCenterislocatedintheheartofBuckhead.CheckoutPirateAdventureIslandwherechildrenandtheirparentscantakepartinmanyactivities,suchasbuildingasandcastle,creatingatreasuremapandapirateship.Pleasecall212-868-4444.AtlantaHistoryCenterForanyonestronglyhopingtohavealookintothepast,theAtlantaHistoryCenteristheanswer.Youcaneasilyspendanentiredayhere.Takeanafternoontotakeawalkthroughtheattractivegardens,exhibitions,andanumberofhistorichouses.Pleasecall212-239-6200.ChastainMemorialParkChastainMemorialParkisAtlanta’slargestcitypark.Besidesthepark’sjoggingpaths,playgrounds,swimmingpool,tenniscourts,golfcourse,andhorsepark,itishometotheChastainArtsCenter,whichoffersyear-roundprogrammingandagiftshop.Pleasecall212-967-7555.BuckheadTheatreBuckheadTheatrehasvariousperformancesandevents,includinglectures,comedies,Broadwayplays,liveconcerts,andmore.Pleasecall212-719-1300.1.Whichisthebestplaceforfamilyactivities?A.BuckheadTheatre. B.AtlantaHistoryCenter.C.ChastainMemorialPark. D.LegolandDiscoveryCenter.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinChastainMemorialPark?A.Enjoyliveconcerts. B.Tastedeliciousfoods.C.Joininsportsactivities. D.Experienceracingcars.3.WhichnumberdoyoucalltogetinformationaboutBuckheadTheatre?A.212-967-7555. B.212-719-1300. C.212-239-6200. D.212-868-4444.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了亞特蘭大的巴克黑德地區(qū)四個(gè)必看的景點(diǎn)。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LegolandDiscoveryCenter中“CheckoutPirateAdventureIslandwherechildrenandtheirparentscantakepartinmanyactivities,suchasbuildingasandcastle,creatingatreasuremapandapirateship.(看看海盜冒險(xiǎn)島，孩子們和他們的父母可以在那里參加許多活動(dòng)，比如建造沙堡，制作藏寶圖和海盜船)”可知，在樂(lè)高探索中心，孩子們和父母可以一起參加許多活動(dòng)，因此這里是家庭活動(dòng)的最佳場(chǎng)所。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChastainMemorialPark中“Besidesthepark’sjoggingpaths,playgrounds,swimmingpool,tenniscourts,golfcourse,andhorsepark,itishometotheChastainArtsCenter,whichoffersyear-roundprogrammingandagiftshop.(除了公園的慢跑路徑、操場(chǎng)、游泳池、網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)、高爾夫球場(chǎng)和賽馬公園，它是家Chastain藝術(shù)中心，提供全年的節(jié)目和禮品店)”可知，游客可以在Chastain紀(jì)念公園參加體育活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BuckheadTheatre中“Pleasecall212-719-1300.(請(qǐng)撥打212-719-1300)”可知，想了解Buckhead劇院的信息，應(yīng)該撥打212-719-1300。故選B項(xiàng)。BMydaddoesn’tseemlikethekindofguywhowouldbakegreatbread,butheisandhedoes.EverySaturdayheproduceshomemadebread.Whenhe’sfinished,thewholehousesmellsdelicious.Therestoftheweek,Dadworksasamechanic(機(jī)修工).ThecarrepairshopwhereDadworksisrunningsowellthatheisalwaysbusy.Heisunderalotofstress.IthinkDadbeganbakingbreadtohelphimrelax.I’vebeenfeelingkindofstressedoutmyselfsinceIfoundoutIfailedtojointheschoolswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain.Besides,I’mtakingsomedifficultclassesthisyear.IthinkDadknewIwasfeelingbad.LastSaturdayheaskedmehowthingsweregoing.IsaidOK,eventhoughIdidn’tfeelOKatall.Helookedatmeforamoment,andthenhesaiditwastimeformetohelp.Thenheheadedtothekitchen.Ifollowedrightbehindhim.Oncewewerethere,Dadgotouthisbigmixingbowl,handedmealargewoodenspoon,andtoldmetomixwhileheaddedtheingredients(配料).Dadisn’tbigonmeasuring.Heknowshowmuchofeachingredienttouse,andthebreadalwaysturnsoutgreat.WhenIhadfinished,Dadshowedmehowtokneadthedough(揉面團(tuán)).Nextcamethemostdifficultpart—doingnothing.Weputthedoughbackintothebowlandthenwewaitedformorethananhourforthedoughtoslowlyriseanddoubleinsize.Next,wedivideditintotwoandwaitedforittoriseagain.Afterthat,weputthedoughintopans(烤盤(pán))andwaitedanotherhourforthedoughtoriseanddouble.Dadsaidthewaitingisalwaysthehardestpart.“Listentome,Diana.It’shardtoresistputtingthedoughdirectlyintothebakingoven,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient.”Dadtaughtmemorethanhowtobakebread.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sfather?A.Heislivingarelaxinglife. B.Hetrieshisbesttoraisehisfamily.C.Hehasaspecialwaytodealwithstress. D.Heismorelikeabakerthanamechanic.5.Whyistheauthorfeelingstressed?A.Shecouldn’tfinishherhomework. B.Sheistiredofmakingbread.C.Herschoollifeisn’tsatisfying. D.Shefailedsomedifficultexams.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Dadisn’tbigonmeasuring”inParagraph5mean?A.Dadneedsmetomeasure. B.Daddoesn’tlikemeasuring.C.Dadiscarefulaboutingredients. D.Dadisinexperiencedinbreadbaking.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AValuableLifeLesson B.EnjoyableHouseworkC.Father’sUniqueWaytoRelax D.TheSecretofDeliciousBread【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的父親每個(gè)星期六都會(huì)自制面包，這是他的一種放松方式。作者因?yàn)槲茨芗尤雽W(xué)校游泳隊(duì)和面臨困難的課程而感到壓力，父親察覺(jué)到了這一點(diǎn)，并邀請(qǐng)作者一起制作面包。在制作面包的過(guò)程中，父親不僅教作者如何操作，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了耐心的重要性。通過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程，父親向作者傳達(dá)了生活的智慧和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThecarrepairshopwhereDadworksisrunningsowellthatheisalwaysbusy.Heisunderalotofstress.IthinkDadbeganbakingbreadtohelphimrelax.(爸爸工作的汽車(chē)修理店經(jīng)營(yíng)得很好，他總是很忙。他壓力很大。我想爸爸開(kāi)始烤面包是為了讓自己放松)”可知，作者的父親通過(guò)烤面包這種特殊的方法來(lái)處理壓力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“I’vebeenfeelingkindofstressedoutmyselfsinceIfoundoutIfailedtojointheschoolswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain.Besides,I’mtakingsomedifficultclassesthisyear.(自從我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒(méi)能加入學(xué)校游泳隊(duì)后，我一直感到壓力很大?，F(xiàn)在我要等整整一年才能再試一次。此外，我今年要上一些很難的課)”可知，作者感到壓力很大是因?yàn)樗膶W(xué)校生活并不令人滿(mǎn)意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)句的上文“Oncewewerethere,Dadgotouthisbigmixingbowl,handedmealargewoodenspoon,andtoldmetomixwhileheaddedtheingredients(配料).(到了那里，爸爸拿出他的大碗，遞給我一個(gè)大木勺，讓我攪拌，他一邊加配料)”和下文“Heknowshowmuchofeachingredienttouse,andthebreadalwaysturnsoutgreat.(他知道每種食材的用量，做的面包總是很好吃)”可知，爸爸負(fù)責(zé)加配料，而且他能精準(zhǔn)地把控食材的用量。由此推知，爸爸并不喜歡測(cè)量配料的量，而是憑自己感覺(jué)來(lái)添加。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中““Listentome,Diana.It’shardtoresistputtingthedoughdirectlyintothebakingoven,butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Themostimportantlessonofallislearningtobepatient.”Dadtaughtmemorethanhowtobakebread.(“聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，Diana。把面團(tuán)直接放進(jìn)烤箱是很難抗拒的，但如果你這么做了，面包就會(huì)變硬。最重要的一課是學(xué)會(huì)耐心?！卑职纸涛业牟粌H僅是如何烤面包)”可知，文章講述了作者的父親每個(gè)星期六都會(huì)自制面包，這是他的一種放松方式。作者因?yàn)槲茨芗尤雽W(xué)校游泳隊(duì)和面臨困難的課程而感到壓力，父親察覺(jué)到了這一點(diǎn)，并邀請(qǐng)作者一起制作面包。在制作面包的過(guò)程中，父親不僅教作者如何操作，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了耐心的重要性。通過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程，父親向作者傳達(dá)了生活的智慧和應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法，給作者上了人生寶貴的一課。因此，A項(xiàng)“人生寶貴一課”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CScientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspecies(物種)areindangerbecausetheirhabitats(棲息地)aredisappearing.Traditionalmigrationpathstakebirdsthroughcountriesthatarenotprotectingtheplacesforbirdstostop,restandfeed.Thescientistsstudiedthemigrationorflightpathsofalmost1,500species.Theydecidedthat91percentofthempassedthroughdangerousareas.Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingshavecoveredtheplaceswherebirdsstopandfeedastheymovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Oneofthescientistswhoworkedonthestudysays,“Manyoftheseimportantplaceshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開(kāi)墾)becauseofthedevelopmentofindustrial,agriculturalandcityconstruction’slandexpansion(擴(kuò)張)”.Theproblem,accordingtoscientists,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationpathsbecausetheydon’thaveasafeplacetofeedandrest.Thereisnoplacetopickuptheirenergyforthenextpartoftheirjourney.CountriesinNorthAfrica,CentralAsiaandthosealongthecoastsofEastAsiaarehavingthemostdifficulttimeinprotectingland.Thescientistssaythesecountriesdonothaveenoughareasthataresafeforbirds.Onespeciesthatdoesn’texistnowistheEskimocurlew.“Ourworldgetspoorereverytimeweloseaspecies,”oneofthescientistssays.Theresearcherssaycountriesneedtoworktogetherandcomeupwithsafestoppingareasforbirdsthatflyovertheircountries.Forexample,onecountrymighthavesafeareasformigratingbirds.Butaneighborcountrymightnot.Abirdmightdie.OnescientisttellsLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakecityareassafeforbirds.Hesayssmallchanges,likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutoftheareasthatbirdswouldbelikelytouse,couldmakeabigdifference.8.Whatisthemainreasonforthedisappearanceofbird’shabitats?A.Seriousillnesses. B.Overuseoflandbyhumans.C.Therisingofsealevel. D.Thechangeofclimate.9.Manysmallbirdslosetheirlivesonthewayofmigrationmainlybecause________.A.theyhavenosafeplacetofeedandrest B.theyhavetotakealongjourneyC.theyarekilledbyotheranimals D.theyareharmedbyhumans10.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,howshouldweprotectthemigratingbirds?A.Bykeepingfewerdogs.B.Byrepairingtheirdestroyedhabitats.C.Bychangingthebirds’migrationhabits.D.Byimprovingtheconditionsontheirmigrationpaths.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toaskpeopletoprotectthemigratingbirds.B.Torequirepeopletostoptheirdevelopment.C.Totellpeoplethatmanybirdspeciesareindanger.D.Tooffersomesolutionstotheproblemofbirds’habitats.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了由于棲息地的消失，許多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)處于危險(xiǎn)之中。人類(lèi)對(duì)土地的過(guò)度使用使得棲息地消失，候鳥(niǎo)喪失了在途中覓食和休息的機(jī)會(huì)，很多小鳥(niǎo)因此死亡。文章呼吁通過(guò)國(guó)際合作保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，并提出簡(jiǎn)單措施以改善城市中鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)生存的環(huán)境?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Themajordangerformigratorybirdsisdevelopment.Buildingshavecoveredtheplaceswherebirdsstopandfeedastheymovefromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Oneofthescientistswhoworkedonthestudysays,“Manyoftheseimportantplaceshavebeenlosttolandreclamation(開(kāi)墾)becauseofthedevelopmentofindustrial,agriculturalandcityconstruction’slandexpansion(擴(kuò)張)”.(對(duì)候鳥(niǎo)來(lái)說(shuō)，主要的危險(xiǎn)是發(fā)展。當(dāng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)從世界的一個(gè)地方飛到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，建筑物覆蓋了它們停下來(lái)覓食的地方。參與這項(xiàng)研究的一位科學(xué)家表示“由于工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和城市建設(shè)的土地?cái)U(kuò)張，這些重要的地方中有許多已經(jīng)被土地開(kāi)墾所取代。”)”可知，人類(lèi)對(duì)土地的過(guò)度使用是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)棲息地消失的主要原因。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theproblem,accordingtoscientists,isthatmanyofthesesmallbirdsdiealongtheirmigrationpathsbecausetheydon’thaveasafeplacetofeedandrest.(根據(jù)科學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，問(wèn)題是許多這些小鳥(niǎo)在遷徙途中死亡，因?yàn)樗鼈儧](méi)有安全的地方覓食和休息)”可知，它們死亡的主要原因是沒(méi)有安全的地方覓食和休息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段“OnescientisttellsLosAngelesTimesthatwhilesomehabitatsarechanging,moreworkcanbedonetomakecityareassafeforbirds.(一位科學(xué)家告訴《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》，雖然一些棲息地正在發(fā)生變化，但可以做更多的工作來(lái)使城市地區(qū)對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)是安全的)”和“Hesayssmallchanges,likeplantingmorenativeplantsorkeepingcatsoutoftheareasthatbirdswouldbelikelytouse,couldmakeabigdifference.(他說(shuō)，一些小的改變，比如種植更多的本地植物，或者讓貓遠(yuǎn)離鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可能使用的區(qū)域，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響)”可知，通過(guò)改善候鳥(niǎo)遷徙路徑上城市區(qū)域的生存環(huán)境，使之變得安全，我們從而可以保護(hù)候鳥(niǎo)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Scientistssayahugepercentageofbirdspecies(物種)areindangerbecausetheirhabitats(棲息地)aredisappearing.(科學(xué)家表示，由于棲息地正在消失，很大一部分鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)處于危險(xiǎn)之中)”可知，文章首先指出鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)正處于危險(xiǎn)之中，因?yàn)樗鼈兊臈⒌卣谙?；第二段至第四段介紹了棲息地消失的原因及帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題；最后三段就如何保護(hù)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)提出了建議。由此可知，作者的寫(xiě)作目的是呼吁人們保護(hù)候鳥(niǎo)。故選A項(xiàng)。DCanexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydozensofyearslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inrats(老鼠)atleast.“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),”saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.“Inhumans,itmaypostponetheappearanceofAlzheimer’ssymptoms(阿爾茲海默癥),possiblytothepointofpreventingthem.”Wojtowicz’steamdivided80youngratsintotwogroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecages(籠子)ofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whentheratswereplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarranged(布置)differently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.Theratswithoutarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations.Itsuggeststhattheycouldn’trememberwhichonewasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunontherunningwheelsintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxarrangements.“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivity(活動(dòng)量)whenwe’reyoung,atleastforrats,hasanimpactonbrainandcognitivehealth——intheformofbettermemories——whenwe’reolder,”saysArthurKramerofNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whohasfoundthat,inhumans,exercisebenefitsthegrowthofnewbraincells(細(xì)胞).12.Thestudyshowsthat________.A.physicalactivityisgreatlyimportantforphysicalhealthB.usingtherunningwheelsisveryhelpfultotherats’growthC.physicalactivitycanpreventhuman’sAlzheimer’ssymptomscompletelyD.themoreexercisearathaswhenyoung,thebettermemoryitwillhavewhenolder13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Memoryloss. B.Theelectricshock.C.Physicalactivity. D.Therunningwheel.14.HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped(發(fā)展)?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bystudyingreasons.C.Byshowingdifferences. D.Bydescribingtheprocess.15.Inwhichpartofanewspapermayyoureadthispassage?A.Scientificdiscovery. B.Education.C.Culture. D.Sports.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹一項(xiàng)關(guān)于動(dòng)物研究的過(guò)程，研究表明年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育很重要，而且對(duì)衰老過(guò)程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展也很重要?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),(這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過(guò)程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要)”可知，老鼠年輕時(shí)鍛煉得越多，年老時(shí)記憶力就越好。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),(這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過(guò)程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要)”可知，作者先介紹這項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，說(shuō)明年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)的重要性；再結(jié)合畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞的上文“Inhumans(在人類(lèi)身上)”和下文“maypostponetheappearanceofAlzheimer’ssymptoms( 阿爾茲海默癥 ),possiblytothepointofpreventingthem.(可以延緩阿爾茨海默癥的出現(xiàn)，甚至可能達(dá)到預(yù)防的程度)”可知，作者從動(dòng)物研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)而說(shuō)到人身上，指出上文提到“physicalactivity(體育活動(dòng))”對(duì)人類(lèi)同樣重要，可知it指代的是體育活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Wojtowicz’steamdivided80youngratsintotwogroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecages(籠子)ofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whentheratswereplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.(Wojtowicz的團(tuán)隊(duì)將80只幼年大鼠分為兩組，并在一組的籠子里放置轉(zhuǎn)輪六周。大約四個(gè)月后，當(dāng)老鼠達(dá)到中年時(shí)，研究小組教會(huì)了所有老鼠將電擊與在特定的盒子里聯(lián)系起來(lái)。當(dāng)老鼠被放進(jìn)盒子里時(shí)，它們嚇呆了)”和第四段“Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarranged(布置)differently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.(兩周后，研究小組在三種情況下測(cè)試了老鼠：同一房間里的完全相同的盒子，房間布置不同的同一盒子，以及不同房間里的一個(gè)完全不同的盒子)”可知，這兩段講述Wojtowicz的研究小組對(duì)老鼠進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)的過(guò)程，是通過(guò)描述過(guò)程發(fā)展的。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant—notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongcognitive(認(rèn)知的)developmentduringageing(衰老),saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada.(加拿大多倫多大學(xué)的MartinWojtowicz說(shuō)：“這是一項(xiàng)動(dòng)物研究，但它表明，年輕時(shí)的體育活動(dòng)非常重要——不僅對(duì)身體發(fā)育，而且對(duì)衰老過(guò)程中的整個(gè)終身認(rèn)知發(fā)展都很重要?！?”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于動(dòng)物研究，以及研究結(jié)果，即早期生命階段的體育活動(dòng)對(duì)記憶力的長(zhǎng)期影響，屬于科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的范疇。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCheerupYourFriendThefollowingtipswillmakeyourfriendcheerup.Tryoneormoreofthesuggestionsbelow,andhopefullyyourfriendwillbehappyagaininnotime.____16____.Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork,helphimseethepositivesideofthings.Listentohisproblembeforereacting(回應(yīng)).Buttrytohelphimbyaskingquestionssuchas“Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter?”or“What’sbeenhappeningatworklatelythathasbeengood?”Sendhimacardorpostcard.Notmanypeoplegethandwrittennotesanymore.It’ssorare(稀少的),infact,thatit’scertaintoputasmileonhisface.Dropanoteinthemailtohim.___17___.Builduphisself-esteem(自尊).Everyoneneedstoheartheyaresmart,strong,andbeautifulsometimes.___18___,astheycanhelphimbuildconfidenceandself-esteem.Trytomakeyourpraiseuniquetotheperson,soheknowsyoutrulymeanwhatyousay.Tryoutnewthingstogether.Truehappinessispartlyabouttheadventure.Itmaymeanyoumayneedtostepoutsideofwhat’scomfortableandtrysomethingnew.___19___.Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy,encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.Bringhimoneofhisfavoritedrinksorfoods.____20____.Maybehecan’tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee,ormaybehehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.Surprisehimbybringingoneofthemtohimwhenyouknowhe’shavingadifficultday.A.EncourageyourfriendB.HelphimtoseethepositivesideC.YouknowwhatyourfriendlikesD.Inturn,discovernewthingsyouloveE.Don’tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethingsF.Similarly,yourhappinesswillaffectyourfriendsG.Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard,that’sbetter【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.D20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何讓你的朋友振作起來(lái)的一些竅門(mén)?！?6題詳析】空格處是本段主題句，根據(jù)空后的“Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork,helpherseethepositivesideofthings.Hearoutherproblembeforereacting(回應(yīng)).Buttrytohelpheraskingquestionssuchas,“Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter?”or“What’sbeenhappeningatworklatelythat’sbeengood?”(如果你的朋友對(duì)工作中的某件事很生氣，幫助她看到事情積極的一面。在做出反應(yīng)之前先聽(tīng)聽(tīng)她的問(wèn)題。但試著幫助她問(wèn)一些問(wèn)題，比如，“你能做些什么來(lái)改善情況？”或者“最近工作上發(fā)生了什么好事？”)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)明的是幫助朋友看到事情積極的一面，B選項(xiàng)“Helphertoseethepositiveside(幫助她看到積極的一面)”概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)第三段的主題句“Sendheracardorpostcard.(給她寄張卡片或明信片。)”與空前一句“Dropanoteinthemailtoher.(給她寄封信。)”判斷，本段建議給朋友寫(xiě)封郵件或者寄張明信片，因此推斷空格處要說(shuō)她寄卡片相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，G項(xiàng)“Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard,that’sbetter(如果你附上一張有趣的卡片，那就更好了)”，符合語(yǔ)境，承接上文，呼應(yīng)主題。故選G。【18題詳析】根據(jù)該空后的“astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem(因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詭椭⒆孕藕妥宰?”判斷，空格處要說(shuō)到一些幫助她建立自信和自尊的事情，E項(xiàng)“Don’tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethings(不要害怕告訴你的朋友這些事)”提到要告訴朋友一些事情，其中的“thesethings”指代前面提到的有關(guān)“theyaresmart,strong,andbeautiful”的事情，而告訴朋友這些事情能幫助她建立自信和自尊，與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)主題句Tryoutnewthingstogether.(一起嘗試新事物)和空后的“Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy,encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.(如果你想讓你的朋友開(kāi)心，鼓勵(lì)他們和你一起嘗試新事物。)”判斷，本段建議和朋友一起嘗試新事物，因此空格處應(yīng)該提到新事物，D項(xiàng)“Inturn,discovernewthingsyoulove(反過(guò)來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)你喜歡的新事物)”提到要發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物，其中的“newthings”和空后的“newthings”相一致，因此D選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前的主題句“Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats.(給她帶一個(gè)她最喜歡的食物。)”與空后一句“Maybeshecan’tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee,ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.(也許她離不開(kāi)下午的咖啡，也許她對(duì)黑森林蛋糕情有獨(dú)鐘。)”判斷，本段建議給朋友帶一些她最喜歡的美食，故C項(xiàng)“Youknowwhatyourfriendlikes(你知道你朋友喜歡什么)”說(shuō)到了你知道朋友喜歡什么，承上啟下，呼應(yīng)主題，引出下文朋友可能喜歡的食物。故選C。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入的空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癘k,class.Welcometoanewschoolyear.I’mMr.Stevens,your___21___teacher.I’msureI’lllearnallyournamesinnotime.”Mr.Stevenstalkedtousashewalkedaroundtheclasshandingout___22___tous.Whenhehadfinished,hereturnedtothe___23___oftheclassandlookedatus.Westaredback.“Whatareyou___24___for?Getstarted!”Hesaid.Welookedathimandfelt___25___.Wasn’thegoingtoteachus?“Istheresomethingwrongwithyourears?You’renotall___26___,areyou?”O(jiān)ne___27___boyaskedwhatweallwantedtoknow.“Mr.Stevens,aren’tyougoingtoteachus?”“Rubbish!”Mr.Stevensreplied.“You’resmartkids.___28___yournewtextbooksandgettothem.Ifyouhaveanytrouble,___29___yourhand,andI’llhelpyou.”Mr.Stevenshelpedanyonewhowas____30____aproblem.Hewouldstopustoteachallthestudents____31____whenweallhadthesamequestion.Itwasastrangemethodofteaching,____32____itwasveryuseful.Itwasa(n)____33____pointinmylife.Mr.StevensmademerealizeIwas____34____mathandalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass.Istudiedwithhishelp____35____Igraduatedfrommiddleschool.MontyPython’sFlyingCircus(馬戲團(tuán))wasapopulartelevisionshowatthattime.SomestudentsthoughtMr.Stevenswas____36____becauseheoftenactedoutoneoftheirplaysinfrontoftheclass,butIthinkthatheknewhowtomakeamathlesson____37____.I’vecarriedhislessonwithmeallmylife.WheneverIamfacedwithanew____38____,IthinkofmyfirstdayinGradeSixmathclass.____39____sittingandstaringatthechallenge,Ijustgetstarted.Thechallengehasbeen____40____beforeIknowit.21.A.math B.English C.history D.science22.A.Christmasgifts B.notebooks C.newtextbooks D.schooluniforms23.A.front B.back C.outside D.middle24.A.apologizing B.looking C.preparing D.waiting25.A.afraid B.confused C.excited D.relaxed26.A.lazy B.blind C.deaf D.late27.A.brave B.healthy C.impolite D.nervous28.A.Exchange B.Protect C.Close D.Open29.A.wave B.raise C.watch D.shake30.A.inspiredby B.curiousabout C.stuckin D.worriedabout31.A.only B.eventually C.regularly D.nearly32.A.and B.so C.or D.but33.A.starting B.turning C.low D.ordinary34.A.goodat B.poorin C.terrifiedof D.familiarwith35.A.while B.unless C.until D.because36.A.shy B.serious C.boring D.strange37.A.interesting B.relaxing C.funny D.famous38.A.opportunity B.job C.idea D.challenge39.A.Regardlessof B.Incaseof C.Insteadof D.Infavorof40.A.postponed B.solved C.prevented D.proved【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.A38.D39.C40.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位特別的數(shù)學(xué)老師Mr.Stevens，他采用獨(dú)特的教學(xué)方法，讓學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)，并從中受益。作者在他的幫助下，意識(shí)到自己在數(shù)學(xué)方面的潛力，并學(xué)會(huì)了面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)積極行動(dòng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“同學(xué)們，歡迎來(lái)到新學(xué)年。我是Stevens先生，你們的數(shù)學(xué)老師?！盇.math數(shù)學(xué)；B.English英語(yǔ)；C.history歷史；D.science科學(xué)。根據(jù)下文“Mr.StevensmademerealizeIwas

mathandalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass.”和“butIthinkthatheknewhowtomakeamathlesson”可知，Stevens先生是數(shù)學(xué)老師，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Stevens先生一邊在教室里四處走動(dòng)，一邊把新書(shū)發(fā)給我們。A.Christmasgifts圣誕禮物；B.notebooks筆記本；C.newtextbooks新課本；D.schooluniforms校服。根據(jù)上文“Welcometoanewschoolyear”和下文“yournewtextbooksandgettothem.”可知，新學(xué)年發(fā)新書(shū)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他發(fā)完書(shū)后，他回到教室的前面看著我們。A.front前面；B.back后面；C.outside外面；D.middle中間。根據(jù)上文“hewalkedaroundtheclasshandingouttous”和“ hereturnedto”可知，老師發(fā)完書(shū)后回到了教室前面，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們?cè)诘仁裁矗块_(kāi)始吧！”他說(shuō)。A.apologizing道歉；B.looking看；C.preparing準(zhǔn)備；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)下文“Getstarted!”可知，Stevens老師讓學(xué)生不要等待，趕快開(kāi)始，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們看著他，感到很困惑。他不是要教我們嗎？A.afraid害怕的；B.confused困惑的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的。根據(jù)上文“Whatareyoufor?Getstarted!”和下文“Wasn’thegoingtoteachus?”可知，老師什么都沒(méi)有講，讓學(xué)生們自己開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)，這學(xué)生感到很困惑，故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們的耳朵有問(wèn)題嗎？你們沒(méi)有全都聾了，是嗎？”A.lazy懶惰的；B.blind瞎的；C.deaf聾的；D.late遲的。根據(jù)上文“Istheresomethingwrongwithyourears?”可知，老師反問(wèn)學(xué)生難道全都聾了嗎，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)勇敢的男孩問(wèn)出了我們都想知道的問(wèn)題。A.brave勇敢的；B.healthy健康的；C.impolite不禮貌的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)上文Stevens老師的話(huà)“Istheresomethingwrongwithyourears?You’renotall,areyou?”可知，Stevens老師對(duì)待學(xué)生的態(tài)度很不友好，結(jié)合下文“Mr.Stevens,aren’tyougoingtoteachus?”可推知，勇敢學(xué)生才敢向Stevens老師提問(wèn)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“打開(kāi)你們的新課本，開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)。如果你們遇到任何問(wèn)題，就舉起手來(lái)，我會(huì)幫助你們的。”A.Exchange交換；B.Protect保護(hù)；C.Close關(guān)閉；D.Open打開(kāi)。根據(jù)下文“gettothem”和“Ifyouhaveanytrouble,yourhand,andI’llhelpyou.”可知，老師讓學(xué)生打開(kāi)課本開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)，故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“打開(kāi)你們的新課本，開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)。如果你們遇到任何問(wèn)題，就舉起手來(lái)，我會(huì)幫助你們的?！盇.wave揮手；B.raise舉起；C.watch觀(guān)看；D.shake搖晃。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouhaveanytrouble”和下文“yourhand,andI’llhelpyou”可知，老師讓學(xué)生遇到問(wèn)題就舉手尋求幫助，故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Stevens先生會(huì)幫助任何遇到問(wèn)題的學(xué)生。A.inspiredby受……鼓舞；B.curiousabout對(duì)……好奇；C.stuckin陷入；D.worriedabout擔(dān)心。根據(jù)下文“Ifyouhaveanytrouble,

yourhand,andI’llhelpyou.”和“Mr.Stevenshelpedanyone”可知，如他所承諾的那樣，Stevens老師會(huì)幫助遇到問(wèn)題的學(xué)生；bestuckin“困??；陷于”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：只有當(dāng)我們都有同樣的問(wèn)題時(shí)，他才會(huì)讓我們停下來(lái)教所有的學(xué)生。A.only只有；B.eventually最后；C.regularly有規(guī)律地；D.nearly幾乎。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouhaveanytrouble,yourhand,andI’llhelpyou.”可知，Stevens老師的原則是指導(dǎo)有問(wèn)題的學(xué)生。所以句中“教所有的學(xué)生”這種情況只有在“我們都有同樣的問(wèn)題”時(shí)才會(huì)發(fā)生，故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種奇怪的教學(xué)方法，但它非常有用。A.and和；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.but但是。上文“Itwasastrangemethodofteaching”和下文“itwasveryuseful”之間有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那是我人生的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。A.starting開(kāi)始；B.turning岔路口；C.low低的；D.ordinary普通的。根據(jù)下文“Mr.StevensmademerealizeIwasmathandalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass.”可知，Stevens老師改變了作者的認(rèn)知，遇到他這是作者人生的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)；turningpoint“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Stevens先生讓我意識(shí)到我擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，也能在任何班級(jí)里達(dá)到最好的水平。A.goodat擅長(zhǎng)；B.poorin不擅長(zhǎng)；C.terrifiedof害怕；D.familiarwith熟悉。根據(jù)下文“andalsoabletoreachthebestofanyclass”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的幫助下，我一直學(xué)習(xí)到初中畢業(yè)。A.while當(dāng)……時(shí)；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.because因?yàn)?。根?jù)下文“Igraduatedfrommiddleschool”可知，Stevens老師一直指導(dǎo)作者學(xué)習(xí)到初中畢業(yè)，應(yīng)用連詞until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有些學(xué)生認(rèn)為Stevens先生很奇怪，因?yàn)樗?jīng)常在全班面前表演他們的節(jié)目，但我認(rèn)為他知道如何讓數(shù)學(xué)課變得有趣。A.shy害羞的；B.serious嚴(yán)肅的；C.boring無(wú)聊的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“becauseheoftenactedoutoneoftheirplaysinfrontoftheclass”可知，數(shù)學(xué)老師表演馬戲節(jié)目，學(xué)生們認(rèn)為老師很奇怪，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有些學(xué)生認(rèn)為Stevens先生很奇怪，因?yàn)樗?jīng)常在全班面前表演他們的一部戲，但我認(rèn)為他知道如何讓數(shù)學(xué)課變得有趣。A.interesting有趣的；B.relaxing放松的；C.funny滑稽的；D.famous著名的。根據(jù)上文“becauseheoftenactedoutoneoftheirplaysinfrontoftheclass”可知，Stevens老師通過(guò)表演馬戲節(jié)目讓數(shù)學(xué)課變得有趣，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我面臨一個(gè)新的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我就會(huì)想起我在六年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)課的第一天。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；B.job工作；C.idea想法；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文“ThechallengehasbeenbeforeIknowit.”可知，作者面臨一個(gè)新的挑戰(zhàn)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我沒(méi)有坐著盯著挑戰(zhàn)，而是直接開(kāi)始。A.Regardlessof不管；B.Incaseof萬(wàn)一；C.Insteadof代替，而不是；D.Infavorof支持。根據(jù)下文“Ijustgetstarted”可推知，面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，指作者沒(méi)有坐著盯著看，而是直接開(kāi)始應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)；insteadof“代替，而不是”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我意識(shí)到之前，挑戰(zhàn)就已經(jīng)被解決了。A.postponed推遲；B.solved解決；C.prevented阻止；D.proved證明。根據(jù)上文“Ijustgetstarted”和下文“beforeIknowit”可推知，作者開(kāi)始行動(dòng)后，挑戰(zhàn)很快就被解決了，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Asanaturephotographer,Ienjoy___41___