2022年考研英語(yǔ)一真題逐詞逐句講冊(cè)

12022年逐詞逐句精講冊(cè)SectionIUseofEnglish植物意識(shí)與智慧①Theideathatplantshavesomedegreeofconsciousnessfirsttookrootintheearly2000s.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：T主語(yǔ)ah語(yǔ)orotit時(shí)間狀05【全句譯文】21世紀(jì)初，“植物具有某種程度的意識(shí)”這一觀(guān)點(diǎn)開(kāi)始深入人心?！驹~匯注釋】neurobiology超[nju?r?ubar'plad?i]n.神經(jīng)生物學(xué)behavior[bi'heivj?(r)]n.表現(xiàn)方式；活動(dòng)方式intelligence【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Tthenotion的同位語(yǔ)從句thatsomeaspectsofplantbehaviorcouldbecomparedtointelligenceinanimals.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)Theterm“plantneurobiology”wascoinedaroundthenotion主語(yǔ)Theterm的同位語(yǔ)被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】“植物神經(jīng)生物學(xué)”這一術(shù)語(yǔ)就是圍繞“植物行為在某些方面(的智慧)堪比動(dòng)物智力”這一觀(guān)念創(chuàng)造的。electrical[rlektrikl]a.以電流形式的；帶電的nonetheless[n?ne?'les]ad.盡管如此；仍然hintat暗示著；表明2主語(yǔ)thefiring..signals的后置定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)個(gè)賓語(yǔ)previouslyreported.個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句responses的定語(yǔ)從句Thoughplantslackbrains,thathintedatconsciousness,引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】研究人員此前曾報(bào)告稱(chēng)，盡管植物沒(méi)有大腦，但它們的莖和葉所發(fā)出的電信號(hào)能觸發(fā)反應(yīng)，這些反應(yīng)暗示了意識(shí)的存在?！救渥g文】但根據(jù)一篇新的觀(guān)點(diǎn)文章，這一看法沒(méi)有事實(shí)根據(jù)。So-calledevidenceofplants'intelligenceisinconclusive,theauthorswrote.differfromsth不同于….…;與……有區(qū)別evidence['evid?ns]n.證據(jù)；證明inconclusive[ink?n'klursIv]a.沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的分句1:Plantbiologyiscomplex主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞andfascinating,表語(yǔ)插入語(yǔ)分句2:butitdifferssogreatlyfromthatofanimals連詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+程度狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)evidence的后置定語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)【全句譯文】文章作者寫(xiě)道，植物的生命機(jī)理復(fù)雜而奇妙，但它與動(dòng)物的生命機(jī)理差別非常大，大到所謂能夠證明植物智力的證據(jù)并沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力。①Beginningin2006,somescientistshavearguedthatplantspossessneuron-likecellsthatinteractwithhormonesandneurotransmitters,forming"aplantnervoussystem,analogoustothatin3interactwithsth與某物相互作用hormone['hoxmaun]n.激素；荷爾蒙neurotransmitter['nju?routrenzmita(r)]n.神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】form[f?:m]v.構(gòu)成；組成nervous['n3:v?s]a.與神經(jīng)有關(guān)的；神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的間接引語(yǔ)：間接引語(yǔ)：Beginningin狀語(yǔ)Thaveargued的賓語(yǔ)從句possessneuron-likecellsdneurotransmitters,謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)res賓語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)2006,somescientistshaveargued主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)thatplants引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)【全句譯文】該研究報(bào)告的第一作者林肯·泰茲說(shuō)，從2006年開(kāi)始，就有一些科學(xué)家竭力主張，植物擁有類(lèi)似于神經(jīng)元的細(xì)胞，能夠與荷爾蒙和神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)相互作用，構(gòu)成“植物的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，與動(dòng)物的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)似”。②“Theyevenclaimedthatplantshave'brain-likecommandcenters'attheirroottips."”【詞匯注釋】向謂語(yǔ)cnuesathe語(yǔ)ts”【全句譯文】“他們甚至聲稱(chēng)，植物的根尖有‘類(lèi)似大腦的指揮中心'”。①Thisperspectivemakessenseifyousimplifytheworkingsofacomplexbrain,reducingittoanarrayofelectricalpulses;cellsinplantsalsocommunicatethroughelectricalsignals.【詞匯注釋】makesense有道理；講得通working['w3:ki?]n.工作方式；運(yùn)行方式【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】pulse[pAls]n.脈動(dòng)；脈沖分句1:分句2:ifyousimplifytheworkingsofacomplexbrain,reducingittoanarrayofelectricalpulses;引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)Thisperspectivemakessense主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)cellsinplantsalsocommunicatethroughelectricalsignals.主語(yǔ)cells的后置定語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)方式狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】如果把復(fù)雜大腦的運(yùn)作機(jī)制簡(jiǎn)化為一系列電脈沖，這一觀(guān)點(diǎn)倒也言之有理；(因?yàn)?植物細(xì)胞也通過(guò)電信號(hào)交流。4【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】.主語(yǔ).主語(yǔ)However,theal 爾動(dòng)—狀語(yǔ)2animalanimalbrain的定語(yǔ)從句thatcommunicatebyelectricity,"a...cells的定語(yǔ)從句(引導(dǎo)詞+謂語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ))whichismorethan"amassofcells引導(dǎo)詞系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)引述分句【全句譯文】但是，植物體內(nèi)的信號(hào)傳遞與動(dòng)物復(fù)雜的大腦的信號(hào)傳遞只是表面上相似，動(dòng)物大腦【詞匯注釋】evolve[i'vplv]v.逐漸形成；演化capacity[k?'p?s?ti]n.容納能力；容納度require[ri'kwai?(r)]v.需要；有賴(lài)于【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Forconsciousnesstoevolve,abrainwithathresholdlevelllofcomplexityandcapacityHJV八引述分句headded.isrequired,”"被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】“想要進(jìn)化形成意識(shí)，大腦的復(fù)雜性和容納度需要達(dá)到一定的閾值?！彼a(bǔ)充道。effectivelyzero."【詞匯注釋】chance[tfa:ns]n.可能性S【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：thechancesareeffectivelyzero."原因狀“Sinceplantsdon'thavenervoussystems,主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Tthechances的同位語(yǔ)從句thattheyhaveconsciousness引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】“既然植物沒(méi)有神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，那它們存在意識(shí)的可能性實(shí)際上為零”。5【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】那么,意識(shí)究竟有什么了不起的呢?②Plantscan'trunawayfromdanger,soinvestingenergyinabodysystemwhichrecognizesathreatandcanfeelpainwouldbeaverypoorevolutionarystrategy,accordingtothearticle.【詞匯注釋】【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】分句1:分句2:主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)連詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)threat[θret]n.威脅poor[po:(r)]a.糟糕【全句譯文】這篇文章認(rèn)為，植物無(wú)法逃離危險(xiǎn)，因此把能量投放在一個(gè)可以識(shí)別威脅并能感知疼痛的身體系統(tǒng)將是一種非常糟糕的進(jìn)化策略。SectionⅡReadingComprehension【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】thatplasticsaretoodurable.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】人們常抱怨塑料太耐久了。②Waterbottles,shoppingbags,andothertrashlittertheplanet,fromMountEveresttotheMarianaTrench,becauseplasticsareeverywhereanddon'tbreakdowneasily.【詞匯注釋】breakdown分解6【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】fromMountEveresttotheMarianaTrench,插入語(yǔ)Waterbottles,shoppingbags,andothertrashlittertheplanet,主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)從句becauseplasticsareeverywhereanddon'tbreakdowneasily.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)連詞謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】從珠穆朗瑪峰到馬里亞納海溝，整個(gè)地球被水瓶、購(gòu)物袋以及其他廢棄物弄得亂七八糟，這正是因?yàn)樗芰蠠o(wú)處不在且不易分解?！窘Y(jié)構(gòu)切分】謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】但有些塑料材料會(huì)隨時(shí)間推移逐漸發(fā)生變化?！驹~匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2【全句譯文】它們會(huì)破裂、卷曲?！驹~匯注釋】additive['?d?tiv]n.添加劑；添加物【全句譯文】它們會(huì)滲出添加劑?！驹~匯注釋】meltinto逐漸變成；融合【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】它們會(huì)逐漸融化成泥。sludge[sl?d3]n.爛泥狀沉積物⑦Allofwhichcreateshugeheadachesforinstitutions,suchasmuseums,tryingtopreservecreate[kri'ert]v.造成；引起headache['hederk]n.令人頭痛的事物；麻煩主干：Allofwhichcreateshugeheadachesforinstitutions,preserve[pri'z3:v]v.維持……的原狀；保存；保養(yǎng)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)institutions的同位語(yǔ)institutions的后置定語(yǔ)suchasmuseums,tryingtopreserveculturallyimportantobjects.animationstillsfromDisneyfilms,thefirstartificialheart.variety[v?'rar?ti]n.不同種類(lèi)；多種式樣dizzying['dizii?]a.令人眩暈的；令人目眩的avant-garde超[?vD'ga:d]a.先鋒派的；前衛(wèi)的sculpture['skalpt??(r)]n.雕像；雕塑品；雕刻品celluloid超['seljul?id]n.膠片；賽璐珞片animation[?nr'mer?n]n.動(dòng)畫(huà)片still[stil]n.定格畫(huà)面；劇照artificial[a:ti'fi?l]a.人工的；人造的【【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)earlyradios,avant-gardesculptures,celluloidanimationstilsfromDisneyfims,thefirstarificialheart.早期的收音機(jī)、先鋒派的雕塑品、迪士尼電影的賽璐珞動(dòng)畫(huà)劇照、第一顆人造心臟等。knowhowtomixingredientsproperly,saysTheavanOosten,apolymerchemistwho,untilretiringafewyearsago,workedfordecadesattheCulturalHeritageAgencyoftheNetherlands.artifact['a:tif?kt]n.手工藝品vulnerable['valn?r?bl]a.脆弱的；易受……傷害的pioneer[pai?'ni?(r)]n.先鋒；先驅(qū)plastic['plestik]a.造型的；塑造的ingredientpolymer[in'gri:di?nt]n.組成部分；成分becausesomepioneersinplasticartdidn'talwaysknowhowtomixingredientsproperly,引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句間接引語(yǔ)的主句：Certainartifactsare主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞especiallyvulnerable表語(yǔ)引述分句saysTheavanOosten,TheavanOosten謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)apolymerchemistuntiletiringafewyearsago,apolymerchemist的定語(yǔ)從句插入語(yǔ)who,workedfordecadesattheCulturalHeritageAgencyoftheNetherlands.引導(dǎo)詞謂語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)78【全句譯文】某些手工藝品格外脆弱，因?yàn)橛行┰煨退囆g(shù)先驅(qū)并不總是知道如何正確地調(diào)配各種成分聚合物化學(xué)家西婭·范·奧斯藤這樣說(shuō)道。她在荷蘭文化遺產(chǎn)局工作了幾十年，直到前幾年才退休。②“It'slikebakingacake:Ifyoudon'thaveexactamounts,itgoeswrong,”shesays.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)的分句2的主句：itgoeswrong,主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)的分句2的條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)引述分句shesays.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】“這就像烤蛋糕：要是你用量不精準(zhǔn)，它就會(huì)出錯(cuò)?！彼f(shuō)。③“Theobjectyoumakeisalreadyatimebomb.”【詞匯注釋】timebomb定時(shí)炸彈；隱患【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Theobject的定語(yǔ)從句 (引導(dǎo)詞)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】“你所做的物品早就是一枚定時(shí)炸彈了?！雹貯ndsometimes,it'snottheartist'sfault.【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】 【全句譯文】但有時(shí)這并不是藝術(shù)家的錯(cuò)。②Inthe1960s,theItalianartistPieroGilardibegantocreatehundredsofbright,colorfulfoampieces.【詞匯注釋】bright[brart]a.色彩艷麗的；鮮艷奪目的 colorful['kal?fl]a.色彩豐富的；五彩繽紛的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】piece[pi:s]n.一件9【全句譯文】20世紀(jì)60年代，意大利藝術(shù)家皮耶羅·吉拉爾迪開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作了數(shù)百件鮮艷奪目、五彩繽紛的泡沫藝術(shù)品。③Thosepiecesincludedsmal【詞匯注釋】rectangle['rekta?gl]n.長(zhǎng)方形；矩形【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Thosepiecesincludedsmallbedsotrosesllandotheritemsllaswellasatewdozen"naturecarpets賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】那些藝術(shù)品包括小型玫瑰花圃和其他物品，以及幾十塊“自然之毯”——飾以泡沫南瓜、卷心菜、西瓜的大塊矩形。【詞匯注釋】主句：【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whichmeantmeant的賓語(yǔ)從句【全句譯文】他想讓參觀(guān)者在地毯上四處走動(dòng)——這意味著它們必須耐用?！驹~匯注釋】inherently[in'hr?r?ntli]ad.內(nèi)在地；固有地；本質(zhì)上物理變化的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】thepolyurethanefoam的定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)王語(yǔ)(that)heused(引導(dǎo)詞)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)inherentlyunstable.表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞【全句譯文】令人遺憾的是，他所用的聚氨酯泡沫本質(zhì)上容易發(fā)生化學(xué)或物理變化。②It'sespeciallyvulnerabletolightdamage,andbythemid-1990s,Gilardi'spumpkins,roses,【詞匯注釋】lightdamage光損傷split[split]v.裂開(kāi)；斷裂figure['figo(r)]n.雕像；塑像crumble['kr?mbl]v.破碎；成碎屑【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】連詞【全句譯文】這種材料特別易被光照損傷，到了20世紀(jì)90年代中期，吉拉爾迪的南瓜、玫瑰及其他塑像紛紛碎裂、坍塌。③Museumslockedsomeofthemawayinthedark.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】博物館就把其中一些鎖了起來(lái)藏于暗處。①SovanOostenandhercolleaguesworkedtopreserveGilardi'ssculptures.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】于是，范·奧斯藤與她的同事們開(kāi)始為維護(hù)吉拉爾迪雕塑們的原狀而努力。②Theyinfusedsomewithstabilizingandconsolidatingchemicals.【詞匯注釋】stabilizing['steib?laizip]a.使穩(wěn)定的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】consolidating[k?n'splideitip]a.使鞏固的chemical['kemikl]n.化學(xué)品【全句譯文】他們給一些雕塑注入了具有穩(wěn)定和加固作用的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。③VanOostencallsthosechemicals"sunscreens"becausetheirgoalwastopreventfurtherlightdamageandrebuildwornpolymerfibers.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：VanOostencallsthosechemicals"sunscreens"主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)從句becausetheirgoalwastopreventfurtherlightdamagelandrebuildwornpolymerfibers.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)【全句譯文】范·奧斯藤將那些化學(xué)物質(zhì)稱(chēng)為“防曬霜”,因?yàn)樗麄兊哪康脑谟诜乐垢蟪潭鹊墓鈸p傷，并修復(fù)那些已經(jīng)老化的聚合物纖維。④Sheisproudthatseveralsculptureshaveevengoneondisplayagain,albeitsometimesbeneathprotectivecases.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：proud的賓語(yǔ)從句v讓步狀語(yǔ)thatseveralsculptureshaveevengoneondisplayagain,引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)1+系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)2Sheisproud主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)個(gè)albeitsometimesbeneathprotectivecases.令她自豪的是，好幾件雕塑甚至得以重新展出，盡管有時(shí)是在防護(hù)罩的保護(hù)之下。①DespitesuccessstorieslikeVanOosten's,preservationofplasticswilllikelygetharder.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】盡管有范·奧斯藤這樣的成功故事，但保護(hù)塑料文物的工作很可能會(huì)更加艱難。②Oldobjectscontinuetodeteriorate.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】 【全句譯文】舊物件還在繼續(xù)老化變質(zhì)。③Worse,biodegradableplastics,designedtodisintegrate,areincreasinglycommon.【詞匯注釋】biodegradable[bar?udi'greid?bl]a.可生物降解的Sdisintegrate[dis'intigrert]v.碎裂；解體【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】更糟的是，設(shè)計(jì)為可(自行)分解的可生物降解塑料正日益普遍?！驹~匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】 連詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)herelhan狀語(yǔ)dalbecl【全句譯文】而且不只是單個(gè)物件，現(xiàn)在還有更多事物岌岌可危、系于一線(xiàn)。②JoanaLiaFerreira,anassistantprofessorofconsScienceandTechnology,notesthatarchaeologistshistory—StoneAge,IronAge,andsoon—afterexaminingartif【詞匯注釋】archaeologist[a:ki'plad3ist]n.考古學(xué)家【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】中心詞后置定語(yǔ)1后置定語(yǔ)2主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)主句：JoanaLiaFerreira,notesthatarchaeologistsfirstdefinedthegreatmaterialagesofhumanhi引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】里斯本新大學(xué)科技學(xué)院的文物保護(hù)及修復(fù)助理教授若阿納·莉婭·費(fèi)雷拉指出，考古學(xué)家當(dāng)初便是在博物館中考察了人工制品之后，首次界定了人類(lèi)歷史上偉大的材料時(shí)代——石器時(shí)代、鐵器時(shí)代等。【詞匯注釋】impact['imp?kt]n.巨大影響see[si:]v.【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】分句1/間接引語(yǔ)：whatwedecidetocollecttoday,howinthefuturewe'llbeseen.”引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句1on的賓語(yǔ)從句分句2/直接引語(yǔ)：“and主語(yǔ)從句1&主語(yǔ)從句2….willhaveastrongimpacton+賓語(yǔ)從句連詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句2whatwedecidetopreserve主語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1謂語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2引述分句主語(yǔ)says,謂語(yǔ)【全句譯文】我們當(dāng)下生活在塑料時(shí)代，她表示，“我們現(xiàn)在決定收藏什么、決定保護(hù)什么……會(huì)對(duì)后世如何看待我們有很大影響?！盩ext2大學(xué)學(xué)位不能定義Z世代AsAsthelatestcropofstudentspentheirundergraduateapplicationformandweighuptheiroptions,itmaybeworthconsideringjusthowthepoint,purposeandvalueofadegreehaschangedandwhatGenerationZneedtoconsiderastheystartthethirdstageoftheireducationaljourney.【詞匯注釋】crop[krop]n.一群人；一批人weighup認(rèn)真考慮；權(quán)衡；斟酌option['ppJn]n.選擇；可供選擇的事物degree[di'gri:]n.學(xué)位【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Asthelatestcropofstudentspentheirundergraduateapplicationformandweighuptheiroptions,引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1賓語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2賓語(yǔ)2主句：itmaybeworth形式主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞astheystartthethirdstageoftheireducationaljourney.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)thethirdstage的后置定語(yǔ)【全句譯文】在最新一批學(xué)生填寫(xiě)本科申請(qǐng)表、斟酌備選學(xué)校之時(shí)，以下問(wèn)題或許值得思考：大學(xué)學(xué)位的意義、目的和價(jià)值到底已發(fā)生什么樣的改變?Z世代開(kāi)啟自己教育旅程的第三階段時(shí)需要考慮什么?ofadegreehaschanged謂語(yǔ)consider賓語(yǔ)justhowthepoint,purpose主語(yǔ)從句1andvalue主語(yǔ)needto謂語(yǔ)considering表語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1whatGenerationZ狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)從句2①M(fèi)illennialsweretoldthatifyoudidwellinschool,gotadecentdegree,youwouldbesetupforlife.【詞匯注釋】Millennial超[mr'leniol]n.千禧一代Sdecent['dizsnt]a.像樣的；相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)2賓語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)從句主句：【全句譯文】千禧一代曾被告知，如果你在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀，獲得一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的大學(xué)學(xué)位，你這輩子便可衣食無(wú)憂(yōu)。②Butthatpromisehasbeenfoundwanting.【詞匯注釋】wanting['wonti?]a.不存在的；落空【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】連詞主語(yǔ)被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)【全句譯文】但結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這一承諾未能兌現(xiàn)?！驹~匯注釋】universal[ju:ni'v3:sl]a.普遍的；人人皆可獲得的Sdeva【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：theybecamedevalued.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Asdegreesbecameuniversal,【詞匯注釋】secure[si'kju?(r)]a.穩(wěn)固的；可靠的route[ru:t]n.途徑；渠道【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Educationmobility[m?u'bil?ti]n.流動(dòng)能力socialmobility社會(huì)階層流動(dòng)【全句譯文】教育不再是實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)階層流動(dòng)的可靠途徑。⑤Today,28percentofgraduatesintheUKareinnon-graduateroles,apercentagewhichisdoubletheaverageamongOECDcountries.Today,28perToday,28percentofgraduatesintheUKareinnon-graduateroles,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)graduates的后置定語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】apercentageapercentagewhichisdoubletheaverageamongOECDcountries.的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)average的后置定語(yǔ)【全句譯文】如今，英國(guó)28%的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生從事著無(wú)需本科學(xué)歷的工作，而這一比例是經(jīng)合組織成員國(guó)平均水平的兩倍。everyone,thattheswitchfromclassroomtolecturehallisnotaninevitabl【詞匯注釋】thatadegreeisthatadegreeisnotfromclassroomtolecturehallswitch的后置定語(yǔ)thattheswitchisnotaninevitableone引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)andthatotheroptionsareavailable.連詞引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】thatthereisnopointingettingadegree,引導(dǎo)詞therebe句型主語(yǔ)point的后置定語(yǔ)say的賓語(yǔ)從句連詞表語(yǔ)2主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)1stress的賓語(yǔ)從句【全句譯文】這并不表明獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位毫無(wú)意義，而是要強(qiáng)調(diào)大學(xué)學(xué)位并非適合所有人：從教室到講堂的轉(zhuǎn)換不是必然之路，還有其他選項(xiàng)可供選擇。theirmillennialpredecessors,evenifparentsandteacherstendtobestillsetinthedegreemindset.【詞匯注釋】millennial[mr'leni?l]a.千禧年的set[set]a.固定的；固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)的mindset['maindset]n.觀(guān)念模式；思維傾向【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：Thankfully,therearesignssigns的thatthisisalreadyhappening,評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)therebe句型主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)withGenerationZseekingtolearn|fromtheirmillennialpredecessors,介詞賓語(yǔ)GenerationZ的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句evenifparentsandteacherstendtobestillsetinthedegreemindset.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】值得慶幸的是，有跡象表明這一情形正在出現(xiàn)：盡管父母和老師們往往還固守著學(xué)位論，Z世代卻已在謀求向千禧前輩們學(xué)習(xí)。②Employershavelongseentheadvantage【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Scommitted[k?'mitid]a.盡心盡力的；敬業(yè)的whooftenprovethemselvestobemorecommittedandloyalemplo引導(dǎo)詞謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)themselves的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)比較狀語(yǔ)schoolleavers的定語(yǔ)從句」主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)advantages的后置定語(yǔ)業(yè)生更敬業(yè)、更忠誠(chéng)?！驹~匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主干：后【全句譯文】許多雇主也逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到取消對(duì)某些職位的學(xué)位要求的好處。①①Forthoseforwhomadegreeisthedesiredroute,considerthatthismaywellbethefirstofmany.【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Forthosethose的定語(yǔ)從句forwhomadegreeistheForthosethose的定語(yǔ)從句forwhomadegreeisthe 表語(yǔ)【全句譯文】對(duì)于那些認(rèn)為獲取大學(xué)學(xué)位是理想路線(xiàn)的人，請(qǐng)一定要這樣想：這個(gè)學(xué)位很可能會(huì)是許多學(xué)位中的第一個(gè)。②②Inthisageofgeneralists,itpaystohavespecificknowled【詞匯注釋】generalist['d?enrolrst]n.多面手；通才Spay[per]v.受益；對(duì)……有利【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】在這個(gè)通才時(shí)代，擁有專(zhuān)門(mén)的知識(shí)或技能大有裨益。③Postgraduatesnowearn40percentmorethangraduates.【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】當(dāng)前，研究生的薪資比本科生多40%。④Whenmoreandmoreofushaveadegree,itmakessensetohavetwo.主句：【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】當(dāng)越來(lái)越多人擁有一個(gè)學(xué)位時(shí)，擁有兩個(gè)便成了明智之舉。constantlyup-skillingthroughouttheircareertostayempl【詞匯注釋】employable[1m'plorobl]a.具備受雇條件的；適宜心雇用的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】分句1:Itisunlikely主語(yǔ)從句thatGenerationZwillbedonewitheducationat18or21;形式主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)作真正主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀分句2:theywillneedtobeconstantlyup-skillingthroughouttheircareertostayemployable.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】Z世代不可能在18或21歲就結(jié)束受教育；他們需要在整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯中不停地提升技能以保持就業(yè)能力。②Ithasbeenestimatedthatthisgeneration,duetothepressuresoftechnology,thewishforoftheirworkinglifeandhavefivedifferentcareers.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】原因狀語(yǔ)主句：Ithasbeenestimated主語(yǔ)從句thatthisgeneration,willworkandhavefivedifferentcareers.形式主語(yǔ)被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)作真正主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】據(jù)估計(jì)，科技帶來(lái)的壓力、自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望以及對(duì)于多樣性的渴求會(huì)使這代人在其工作生涯中服務(wù)于17個(gè)不同的雇主，從事5種不同的職業(yè)。③Education,andnotjustknowledgegainedoncampus,willbeacorepartofGenerationZ'scareertrajectory.【詞匯注釋】core[k?:(r)]a.核心的；主要的Strajectory[tr?'d?ekt?ri]n.發(fā)展軌跡【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】andandnotjustknowledgeknowledge的后置定語(yǔ)gainedoncampus,【全句譯文】教育，而不僅僅是在校園里獲得的學(xué)問(wèn)，會(huì)是Z世代職業(yè)軌跡的核心部分。①Oldergenerationsoftentageographer'or'Iamaclassicist'.【詞匯注釋】連詞主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)分句2:主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】老一輩人經(jīng)常會(huì)以“現(xiàn)在時(shí)"和“指向個(gè)人身份特征的語(yǔ)氣”談?wù)撟约旱膶W(xué)位：“我是一名地理學(xué)研究者"或者“我是一名古典學(xué)研究者"。②Theirsonsordaughterswouldneversaysuchathing;it'sasiftheyalreadyknowthattheirdegreewon'tdefinetheminthesameway.【詞匯注釋】分句2:表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞分句2:表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞分句1:主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)know的引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)方式狀語(yǔ)【全句譯文】他們的子女絕不會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的話(huà)語(yǔ)；就好像他們?cè)缫阎?，自己的學(xué)位不會(huì)以同樣的方式來(lái)定義自己。Text3藝術(shù)與科學(xué)的聯(lián)姻不止于傳播科學(xué)①Enlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.enlightening[in'laitni?]a.啟迪的Sstimulating['stimjulertip]a.振奮人心的②TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperiencesofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.describeexperiencecollaboration】[di'skraIb]v.描述；形容[ik'spi?ri?ns]n.感受；體驗(yàn)[k?l?b?'rei?n]n.合作；協(xié)作article['a:tikl]n.文章；報(bào)道partnership['pa:tn?Jip]n.合作關(guān)系；合作主句：Theseweresomeofthewordsthewords的定語(yǔ)從句ofart-sciencecollaborationsexperiences的后置定語(yǔ)【全句譯文】這些都是《自然》的讀者，在一系列以藝術(shù)家與科研人員的合作關(guān)系為主題的文章中，描述其對(duì)于藝術(shù)與科學(xué)合作的感受時(shí)所用到的一些詞匯。roughly['r?fli]ad.大致；差不多主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)poll[p?ul]n.民意測(cè)驗(yàn)；民意調(diào)查collaborate[k?'l?b?reit]v.合作；協(xié)作分句1:Nearly40%oftheroughly350peo分句2:主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)said的①Suchanencouragingresultisnotsur【詞匯注釋】encouraging[in'k?rid3Ip]a.令人鼓舞的；振奮人心的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】如此鼓舞人心的(調(diào)查)結(jié)果并不出奇。②Scientistsareincreasinglyseekingoutvisualartiststohelpthemcommunicatetheirworktonewaudiences.【詞匯注釋】visualartist視覺(jué)藝術(shù)家【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】語(yǔ)【全句譯文】科學(xué)家們正在日益尋求視覺(jué)藝術(shù)家來(lái)幫助他們將工作成果傳遞給新的受眾。③“Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning,"onerespondentsaid.【詞匯注釋】broad[br?:d]a.涉及各種各樣的人的；廣泛的emotional[I'm?u??nl]a.激起情感的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】connectionenhancerespondent主句："Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnections個(gè)引述分句主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)emotionalconnections的定語(yǔ)從句thatenhancelearning,"引導(dǎo)詞謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】一位受訪(fǎng)者表示，“藝術(shù)家?guī)椭茖W(xué)家獲得更廣泛的受眾，并建立起(能夠)增進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的情感關(guān)聯(lián)。”①OneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthesensescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi'sTheFourSeasons.【詞匯注釋】rock[rpk]v.使震驚；震撼【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Texample的后置定語(yǔ) of+賓語(yǔ)從句介詞of的howartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthesenses version的后置定語(yǔ)ofAntonioVivaldi'sTheFourSeasons.【全句譯文】舉個(gè)藝術(shù)家和科學(xué)家如何聯(lián)袂打造震撼場(chǎng)面的例子：上個(gè)月，悉尼交響樂(lè)團(tuán)改編并演【詞匯注釋】reimagine[rizr'm?d3in]v.重新詮釋?zhuān)恢匦聵?gòu)想【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】方式狀語(yǔ)byinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondata||foreachseason—providedbyMonashUniversity's||ClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscore主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)【全句譯文】他們通過(guò)引入蒙納士大學(xué)氣候變化交流研究中心提供的每個(gè)季節(jié)的最新氣候預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，重構(gòu)了這首有300年歷史的樂(lè)曲?！驹~匯注釋】call[k?:l]n.呼吁；號(hào)召【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】aheadof...(時(shí)間、空間)在……前面行動(dòng)呼吁?！驹~匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)【全句譯文】不過(guò)真正的合作關(guān)系必得是相互成就的。②FewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistsc【詞匯注釋】note[n?ut]v.指出；特別提到【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】SrespondedtotheNature謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)requirementpoll;分句2however,several狀語(yǔ)respondents主語(yǔ)noted謂語(yǔ)noted的賓語(yǔ)從句thatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswiththeircommunicationrequirements.引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)，表對(duì)象【全句譯文】回應(yīng)《自然》問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的藝術(shù)家要比科學(xué)家少；然而，一些受訪(fǎng)者特別提到，藝術(shù)家并非僅限于協(xié)助科學(xué)家實(shí)現(xiàn)傳播科學(xué)的需要。③Norshouldtheirworkbecon【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Norshouldtheirwork否定副詞被動(dòng)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)(助動(dòng)詞)主語(yǔ)【全句譯文】他們的作品也不應(yīng)只被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)研究對(duì)象。④Thealliancesaremostvaluablewhenscientistsandartistshaveasharedstakeinaproject,are【詞匯注釋】alliance[?'lai?ns]n.聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合stake[steik]n.重大利益；重大利害關(guān)系critique[kri'ti:k]v.評(píng)判【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主語(yǔ)abletojointlydesignit詞表語(yǔ)Thealliancesaremostvaluable主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)eachother'swork賓語(yǔ)2賓語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2aproject,狀語(yǔ)when引導(dǎo)詞have謂語(yǔ)1并列謂語(yǔ)部分時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句scientistsandartists【全句譯文】當(dāng)科學(xué)家與藝術(shù)家在一個(gè)項(xiàng)目中有著共同的利益關(guān)系，能共同參與設(shè)計(jì)并評(píng)判彼此的成果時(shí)，聯(lián)盟才最有價(jià)值。⑤Suchanapproachcanbothpromptnewresearchaswellasresultinpowerfulart.【詞匯注釋】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【全句譯文】這一方法既能推動(dòng)研究創(chuàng)新又能促成有影響力的藝術(shù)。AdvancedVisualStudies(CAVS)toexploretheroleoftechnologyinculture.【詞匯注釋】institute['instrtju:t]n.機(jī)構(gòu)；學(xué)院；研究院advanced[ad'va:nst]a.高級(jí)的；高等的【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】Morethanhalfacenturyago,toexplore||theroleoftechnologyinculture.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)主干：theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyopeneditsCenterforAdvancedVisualStudies(CAVS)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)技在文化中的作用。name.【詞匯注釋】founder['faund?(r)]n.創(chuàng)建者；創(chuàng)辦者【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】focusstharound...使某物聚焦于……【全句譯文】創(chuàng)始人特意將他們的項(xiàng)目重點(diǎn)圍繞在光上——項(xiàng)目遂得名“視覺(jué)研究”。formthebasisofcollaboration.【詞匯注釋】something['sAmθrp]n.【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】【結(jié)構(gòu)切分】主句：Lightwasasomethingandthereforecouldformtheb連詞狀語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞2asomething的定語(yǔ)從句thatbothartistsandscientistshadaninterestin,引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)部分表語(yǔ)2【全句譯文】藝術(shù)家和科學(xué)家都對(duì)光感興趣，因此他們之間的合作也就有了基礎(chǔ)。④Asscienceandtechnologyprogressed,anddividedintomoresub-disciplines,thecentrewassimultaneouslylookingtoatimewhenleadingresearcherscouldalsobeartists,writersandpoets,andvicegress[pr?'gres]v.進(jìn)步；改進(jìn)；進(jìn)展sub-discipline[sAb'dis?plin]n.分支；分科lookto展望；思考leading['lidi?]a.最重要的；一流的viceversa[ivais'v3:s?]ad.反之亦然引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句wassimultaneouslylookingtoatime<謂語(yǔ)部分賓語(yǔ)leadingresearcherscouldalsobeart主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞whenintomoresub-disciplines,詞狀語(yǔ)定吾從句andpoets,writers【全句譯文】隨著科學(xué)和技術(shù)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，且分化出更多分支學(xué)科，該(研究)中心也在展望這么一①Nature'spollfindingssuggestthatthistrendisasstrongasever,but,tomakeacollaborationwork,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpriseandchallenge.finding['farndi?]n.調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)；調(diào)研結(jié)果suggest[s?'d?est]v.表明；顯示ever['eva(r)]ad.不斷地；總是；始終embrace避[im'breis]v.欣然接受；樂(lè)意采納surprise[so'praiz]n.意想不到的事分句2: 分句2:but,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpiseandchalle連詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)1賓語(yǔ)1連詞謂語(yǔ)2賓語(yǔ)2需要投入時(shí)間，并樂(lè)于接受意外與挑戰(zhàn)。②Thereachofart-sciencetie-upsneedstogobeyondthenecessarypurposeofresearchcommunication,andparticipantsmustnotfallintothetrapofstereotypingeachother.tie-up['taIAp]n.關(guān)系；聯(lián)結(jié)gobeyond超過(guò)某事；超越necessary['nes?s?ri]n.必要的；根本的pses語(yǔ)主pses語(yǔ)stereotype['steri?taIp]v.對(duì)……形成模式化的看法分句2: