2022年北京高考英語模擬考場仿真演練英語試卷03（原卷版）

………○……○……○……○……○………………裝………………○………………訂………………○………○……○……○……○……○………………裝………………○………………訂………………○………………線………………○………………學(xué)校：班級：姓名：準(zhǔn)考證號：模擬考場·仿真演練！ 模擬考場·仿真演練！//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////………裝…………………訂…………………線………………考生注意清點(diǎn)試卷有無漏印或缺頁，若有要及時(shí)更換，否則責(zé)任自負(fù)。試卷第=PAGE2*2-13頁（共4頁）試卷第=PAGE2*24頁（共4頁）絕密★啟用前2022年高考英語模擬考場仿真演練卷03英語（北京專用）本卷滿分100分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Lastweekend,Ihadanopportunitytoserveasavolunteeratanursinghomeinanothercity.Idon’thaveacar,andeventhe1trainstationisfarawayfrommyhouse.2,Iwasn’tsurehowtogetthere.Ipostedarequestforarideontherideshareboard.SoonanindividualI’dnevermet___3thathe’dbeabletopickmeupanddropmeoffatthestation.Hesaidhe’dwaituntilmytrainarrivedbeforehedroveaway.Myheart4andthestressI’dbeenfeelingdisappearedimmediatelyandthusourfriendshipbegan.Iendeduparrivingatthenursinghomein5.Thetinyteamofserversthereweregratefulfortheadditionalhelp.Weallworkedtogetherasateam.Iwasgladtobeapartofthisandbeof6totheelderly.Thateveningwhenmynewfrienddroppedmeofatthestation,he7thatitwasinadesertedarea.Soheparkedhiscarandsaid,”Wewillwaitforthe8tocometogether.”Icouldn’tbelievehiskindness.Withfiveminutesleftbeforethetrainarrived,he9sowithmestoriesofhischildhood.Asayoungboy,heusedtositneartheedgeofthetraintracks,waitingexcitedlyforthetrainstorushbywithalltheirforce.Thatnighthewaitedwithmeasmytrainarrived.Itdidn’trushbywithfullforcebutIleftthatstation10thefullforceofhiskindnessandgenerosity.Peoplelikehimwouldteachmehowtoloveandhowtogive.1.A.closest B.largest C.best D.latest2.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Otherwise3.A.remembered B.joked C.replied D.pretended4.A.broke B.changed C.sank D.warmed5.A.time B.return C.order D.turn6.A.interest B.curiosity C.hope D.service7.A.admitted B.noticed C.heard D.intended8.A.taxi B.bus C.train D.car9.A.argued B.compared C.discussed D.shared10.A.doubting B.feeling C.ignoring D.wondering第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ASpaceexplorationbeganin1957,whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.YuriGagarin11(become)thefirstpersontoorbit(環(huán)繞)theearthin1961.In1969,NeilArmstrongwasthefirstpersontowalk12themoon.Sincethen,spaceexplorationhasadvancedvery13(rapid).Ithasproduced,muchamazingtechnologythatbringschangestotheworld.BLeaf-cutterantsareinteresting.14(look)forleaves,thelargerantsusuallygooutingroups.Theybiteofbitsofleavesandcarrythemback.Watchingtheseantsmarchinsinglefile,carryingleaves,isquiteasight.Theseantscancarryaleafthat15(weigh)20timesmorethantheydo.Theleaves16(collect)bytheantsarenotforeating.Theyarebroughtbacksofungus(真菌)cangrowonthem.Thefungusisthefoodfortheants.CStoryboardsareasetofdrawingstotellastoryandapowerfulwaytovisuallypresentinformation.Theoriginalstoryboards,____17____wereusedinmovie-making,showedstories18(break)upintopieces.Eachpieceofthestory_19(draw)outonacardandstucktoaboardinorder.Peoplewerethenabletotalkaboutandrevisethestorybycheckingonepartatatime.Thatis20Iknowaboutstoryboards.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ARosettaStoneTheappoffers25languagestochoosefromanditlistenstoyourpronunciationtohelpgraspyourskills.Ithelpsyoulearnlanguagefoundationsfaster.RosettaStonestartsat$35.97for3months,buthasadditionalplansofdifferentlengths,includingalifetimemembershipfor$199.MangoWhilemanyoftheappsonthislistfocusongamifying(游戲化)andmakingthelearningexperienceaddictive,Mangogoesintheotherdirection,payingmuchattentiontodetailedinstruction.Asinglelanguagewillcostyou$7.99amonth,or$17.99foraccesstoallofavailablelanguages(that’s70languages).Mangohaslongerlessons,whichaverageatabout12minutesperlesson.Theselessonsareverydetailed,andMangoemphasizesconversation-basedmethodologytogetyoutowardbeingfluent.MondlyMondlyfocusesongamifyingthelanguage-learningexperience.YoucangetstartedonMondlyforfreeandupgradetoasubscriptionservice,rangingbetween$9.99and$479.90.Theappisgoodforthosewhohavenoexperienceinlearninganewlanguage.DuolingoDuolingoisfamousforitsowl(貓頭鷹)ifyoudon’tkeepontrackwithyourlessons.Thebestpartofthisappisthatit’scompletelyfree,althoughyouhavetheoptiontoupgradeifyou’dliketoavoidtheads.Theupgradedplanis$12.99amonth,andwith34languagestolearn,it’stheeasiestappbyfartogetstartedwith.There’recomprehensiontestsforlisteningandreading.You’lllistentoastoryandanswerquestionstoseehowmuchyoucomprehendedfromthestory.21.WhatisspecialaboutMango?A.Itgamifiesthelanguagelearning.B.Itoffersa12-minutelessonatatime.C.Itisthecheapestappofthefour.D.Itfocusesondetailedinstruction.22.WhatisthefunctionoftheowlinDuolingo?A.Trainingitsusers’listening.B.Forcingitsuserstokeepgoing.C.Preventingitsusersfromtheads.D.Helpingitsusersanswerquestions.23.Whichappisthemostsuitableforforeignlanguagebeginners?A.Mondly.B.Mango.C.Duolingo.D.RosettaStone.BManyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectenemiesandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.Somedealwithbysingingmoreloudly,somechangethetimingoftheircallstooccurwhenfewerpeoplearedriving,othersjustmovetoquieterplaces.Alloftheseactionscomewithsignificantcostsattachedandscientistshavelongdocumentedtheecologicaldamagecausedbynoisepollution.Ithasalwaysbeenassumed,however,thatnoiseisaproblemuniquetoanimals.ButanewstudybyAliAkbarGhotbi-Ravandi,abotanistatShahidBeheshtiUniversityinTehran,hasshowedthatplantssuffertoo.Thatplantscanbehamperedindirectlybynoisepollutionhasneverbeenindoubt.Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinators(傳粉者)andmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstospreadtheirseeds,itisobviousthatiftheseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoisethentheirbotanicalcounterpartswilldobadly,too.Whathasremainedunknowniswhetherornotplantsthemselvessufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.Soundsarepressurewavestransmittedthroughgases,liquidsandsolids,Scientistshavepreviouslyassumedthatplantsmaybeabletosensethesewavesastheyarestruckbythem.Anumberofexperimentshaveconfirmedthisinrecentyears—plantsbombedwithultrasound(超聲波)inthelabhaveshownarangeofbadresponsesincludingtheexpressionofstress-relatedgenes,slowgrowthandreducedproductionofseeds.Yetbombingplantswithultrasoundisnotthesameasgrowingtheminthepresenceofactualtrafficnoise.Tothisend,DrGhotbi-Ravandidecidedtosetupanexperimenttostudypreciselythisquestion.24.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Todrawreaders’interest.C.Tostressthedamageofnoise. D.Tostatesound’seffectonanimals.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hampered”inparagraph3mean?A.Killed. B.Harmed. C.Attracted. D.Frightened.26.Whatisstillunknowntoscientists?A.Howsomeanimalsrespondtonoise.B.Thatnoiseisn’taproblemuniquetoanimals.C.Whetherplantssufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.D.Thatmostplantsdependonanimalstospreadseeds.27.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystosolvetheproblemsoftrafficnoise.B.Differencesbetweenultrasoundandtrafficnoise.C.DrGhotbi-Ravandi’sachievementsonplantsstudy.D.Theexperimentabouttheinfluenceoftrafficnoiseonplants.CStudentsatHuonvilleHighSchoolinAustraliaareridingbikesoutofdesiretofightclimatechange,carryingoutadizzyingly-thoroughtransformationoftheirschoolbuildingintoanenergyefficientinspiration.It’spayingoffbigtime,asthey’vehelpedsave$44,000inutilitybillssincetheystartedtheirenergy-savingproject,butit’salsoinspiringyoungpeopleinthecommunity.RecentlytheschoolwontheZayedFutureEnergyPrizeof$133,000,someofwhichwasusedtoturnabuildingintotheZayedFutureEnergyHub,aclubhousewhere13volunteerslearnandteachabouthowrenewableenergycanbeappliedtooureverydaylives.Amongalltheefficiencyadjustments,theysetupsolarpanelsontheroof,andreplacedtheoldwindowswithdoubleandtripleglazedones.Theyaddedimprovedinsulation(隔熱)andenergyefficientcurtains.Theyevenhavestationarybikesthatcreateelectricitytocookdoughnuts.Theclassroomwascoldinthemornings,butthestudentswantedzerocarbonemissionsthroughtheirheating.Sotheywentoutandgotapelletstove,andthenifthatwasn’tenough,theywentoutandbuiltapelletmill(顆粒機(jī))tomaketheirfuelfromwastesawdust.Poweringonesmallbuildingonahighschoolcampusorcookingdoughnutsinrenewablefatfryersisnice,butwilldolittleontheirowntoslowglobalclimatechange.However,theHubismuchmoreaboutthebigpicture.NelSmit,thevolunteerteacher—headoftheHub,knowstheirbiggestcontributionisexcitingthemindsofthenextgeneration.“ThislittleschoolintheHuonValleyisactuallydoingamazingthings,”Smitsaid.“It’sraisedawarenessofrenewableenergy,energyefficiency,andopportunitiesinthecommunityforengagingthemaroundthatsortoftechnology.”28.What’sspecialaboutHuonvilleHighSchool?A.Itattachesimportancetoridingbikes. B.Itpromotestheideaofenergysaving.C.Itencouragesstudentstobecreative. D.Itispoweredentirelybysolarenergy.29.WhatcanbelearnedaboutZayedFutureEnergyHub?A.Itisaclubcenterforvolunteers. B.Itistheplacetoproduceenergy.C.Itisbuiltatthecostof$133,000. D.Itisusedtoholdlearningactivities.30.WhatisthegreatestcontributionoftheprojectaccordingtoSmit?A.Savingalotofenergy. B.Creatingmoregreatminds.C.Educatingthenextgeneration. D.Slowingglobalclimatechange.DIfapresident,aphilosopher,andoneofthebest-sellingwriterscreditedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Whatifthesecretwassomethingyoualreadyknewhowtodo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”Researchershavefoundquitealotofconnectionsbetweenwalkingandproducingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipantswere81percentmorecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.Accordingtothestudy,walkingoutside-comparedwithonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))-producesthemostnovelandhighest-qualityideas.Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouslykey.Ourcreativethinkingistriggered(觸發(fā))byphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalking-withyourdog,afriend,oralone-feedscreativethinking.Thesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.Breakingyourroutinewithawalkcanbeacatalystforfreshunderstandingofproblemsorprojects.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplejokingorbirdssinging.Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking?Involveyourselfmorecloselyinyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetobepresentintheworld,tohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,andtonoticethewaypeoplemoveandthewaythesunreflectsinapuddle(小水坑).31.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingbackground. B.Byborrowingphrasesfromgreatminds.C.Bygivingdefinition. D.Bypresentingwell-knownexamples.32.whatdoestheunderlinedword“catalyst”inparagraph4mean?A.Promoter. B.Cure.C.Hope. D.Must.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Natureexplorationimprovesfitness.B.Walkingonatreadmillbringsmoreenergy.C.Workingindoorsmakespeoplelesscreative.D.Familiarsurroundingsencouragenovelideas.34.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ExerciseinNature. B.TrainYourBrain.C.DevelopYourCreativity. D.WalkforWonder.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Crossingthepedestrianbridgethatconnectsourschooltoitssurroundingneighborhoodremindsusthatthere'smoretoRochesterthanjustourschool.35Bystayingoncampusallthetime,welimitourselvestojustfeelinglikestudentsandnotpeople.Here’salistofthingswecandoaroundRochesterwheneverweseeitagain.36It’sabig,wideopenproducemarketthathappenseverySaturdayonUnionStreet.Theysellflowers,vegetables,fruits,andclothing,andthereareafewrestaurantsandcoffeeshopsalongthealleyway.Often,theyhavelivemusic,andonceIwatchedafriendplaytheirsaxophonethereinfrontofthegrapestand.Studysomewhereelsebesidesschool.Gotoacoffeeshop,oroneofthepubliclibraries.IlikethemusiclibraryatEastman,andthecoffeeshopacrossthestreet,Java's.Rochesterisfullofcafesandspotstositandstudy.37Gotoaconcert,ifyou'reintothat.TheLittleTheaterhasfreelivemusiceverysinglenight,andthere’savarietyofotherbarsandmusichallsthatbringinlocalartists.Mostvenuesoffershowsforlessthan$10.38That’smyfavorite.Thoseguysarecrazy,andwatchingthemplaytheirinstrumentsislikebeingtransportedintoastrange,shimmeringworldofclassicalmusic.Goformorewalks.Whenyou’restuck,listentomusicandroamaroundourcampus.Situnderatreeandlookatallthepeoplewalkingby.Ortakeoneoftheshuttlesthatstopinfrontofthelibrarytoanewneighborhood,liketheSouthWedge,andfloatinandoutofthesmallbusinessesalongthestreet.Or,ifyouknowsomebodywithacar,gotoLetchworthandseethewaterfalls.39A.GototheLiveMusic.B.GotothePublicMarket.C.Buthowoftendowecrossthatbridge?D.Nomatterwhatitis,goingoutsidealwayshelps.E.Ifyoucanfocusoutsideofourownlibrary,doit.F.Additionally,allstudentconcertsatEastmanarefreeforstudentsatourschool.G.It’snosecretthatourcollegecampus,likethemajorityofcampuses,isabubble.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Inmuchofthewesternworld,governmentsnowrequirepeopletowearmaskswhentheyareincrowdedpublicspaces.Thatisgoodnews,formaskscouldbothsavelivesandallowpeopletogetbacktowork.Andtohelpeconomiesrestartsafely,governmentshouldrequirepeopletowearfacecoveringsincrowdedpublicspaces.Peoplethinkofmasksassomethingprotectingthemfromdirtythingsintheair.ButinthecaseofCOVID-19,theirmoreimportantjobistoprotectothersfromaninfectedwearer.Thatisbecauseofoneoftheunusualcharacteristicsofthisdisease:itseemslikelythatinfectionbypeoplewhohavenot,ornotyet,developedsymptoms(癥狀)makesupaboutathirdtoahalfofthecases.Soevenifeverybodywithsymptomsstaysathome,theviruswillstillspread.Masksblocktherespiratorydroplets(呼吸道飛沫)thatcarrythevirus,somakeriskysituationssafer.Therearesignsthatmaskingisuseful.Evenhome-madefacecoveringscanblockdroplets.Experimentsshowthatapieceofclothoverthemouthandfacecanblock60%ofdroplets—notasgoodasamedicalmask,butmuchbetterthannothing.EastAsiancountries’successincontrollingthediseasearguesinfavourofmasks.Wearingmaskstoprotectagainstpollutionordiseaseiscommonthere,sopeoplecoveredtheirfacesassoonastheywereinformedofCOVID-19.IntheWest,mask-wearingisalien.Andinallofthecountrieswheremask-wearingiscommonpractice,theepidemic(流行病)wasquicklycontrolled.Thisisnotunquestionableevidenceinfavourofmasks.Otherfactorsdistinguishthosemask-wearingcountriesfrombare-facedWesternnations:some,suchasChinaandSouthKorea,havestricttrack-and-tracesystemsandcarryoutmasscoronavirustesting.Yetthecombinationofthisnaturalglobalexperiment,laboratorystudiesandasymptomatictransmission(無癥狀傳播)suggeststhatmaskscanhelpkeeppeoplesafe.Lockdowndestroyseconomies.Socialdistancingdamagesthem.Maskscostnexttonothing.Theywillnotbythemselvesstopanepidemic.Hand-washing,track-and-tracesystemsandwidespreadtestingareallcrucial,too.Butmaskscandotheirbittoprotectpeopleandrebuildeconomies.WhatisthekeyjobofmasksinCOVID-19epidemicaccordingtothewriter?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________41.Pleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentenceinyourownwords.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleaseunderlinetheinappropriatepartinthefollowingstatementandexplainwhy.Wearingmasksisimportantandisconsideredthedeterminingfactorinthefightagainsttheepidemic.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________43.PleasebrieflypresentwhatcanbedonetofightagainstCOVID-19.(about40words)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________