2020-2021學(xué)年新教材高中英語單元素養(yǎng)檢測Unit1Growingup含解析外研版選擇性必修第

高考高考/高考單元素養(yǎng)檢測(一)(Unit1)(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Text1M:①Excuseme,Jane.MayIhavemydictionaryback?W:Sorry,Jack.Maryisusingitnow.1.Whomdoesthedictionarybelongto?A.Mary.B.Jack.C.Jane.答案:BText2W:Thanksforallyou’vedoneforme.Hey,listen,②wouldyouliketogotoseeafilmsometime?M:Yeah,that’dbegreat.I’dloveto.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwiththeman.B.Offerthemansomehelp.C.Listentosomerockmusic.答案:AText3M:③HaveyouheardthatNickHornby’sgoingtobeattheCityBookstore?W:NickHornby?Ilovehisbooks.What’shedoingthere?M:GivingatalkabouthisnewnovelHowtoBeGood.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Abookstore.C.Awriter.答案:CText4M:Jenny,howdidyougetthejob?W:LastsummerItookatourofSydney.④IwenttolunchatthePalaceHotelandthought,“I’dreallyliketoworkhere.”SoIwrotetoseeiftheyhadanypositions,andIwasluckytheydid.4.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Atatravelagency.B.Atapostoffice.C.Inahotel.答案:CText5W:⑤IsthebookinthisbagforMum?Ididn’tthinkshewasinterestedinflowers.M:Ithoughtshe’dlikeit—togivehersomegoodideasforthegarden.W:IthoughtyouweregoingtogetthoseglovesIshowedyouinthatshoplastSaturday.5.Whatpresenthasthemanbought?A.Abook.B.Someflowers.C.Apairofgloves.答案:A第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6M:So,howlonghaveyoubeeninthePeaceCorp?W:Foraboutayearnow.M:Doyouenjoyit?W:⑥MostofthetimeIenjoyitverymuch,buttheworkcanbeverydifficultsometimes.M:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficultthing?W:Forme,it’sfindingawaytofitintoamunitythat’sverydifferentfrommyown.M:Andwhat’sthemostexcitingthing?W:⑦Well,Ithinkthemostexcitingthingislearningaboutanotherculture.6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofherjobinthePeaceCorp?A.Boring.B.Enjoyable.C.Awasteoftime.答案:B7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostexcitingthinginthePeaceCorp?A.Learningaboutanotherculture.B.Fittingintoadifferentmunity.C.Meetingnewfriendsinanewculture.答案:A聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7M:So,whendoyouusuallydohousework,shoppingandsomethinglikethat?W:Hmm,onMondaysIusuallycleanthehouseinthemorning.M:⑧Howabouttheshopping?W:⑧IusuallydothatonSaturdays.M:Youseemprettybusywithschool,workandhousework!Doyouhavetimeforanythingelse?W:Yeah.Sure.IswimandplaybasketballinthemorningonTuesdaysandThursdays,⑨andIusuallygoouttoseeamoviewithfriendsonFridaynights.M:AndhowaboutSundays?W:Isleepallday.8.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonSaturdays?A.Shegoesswimming.B.Sheplaysbasketball.C.Shegoesshopping.答案:C9.Whendoesthewomanusuallygotothecinemawithfriends?A.OnFridaynights.B.OnSaturdaynights.C.OnSundaynights.答案:A聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8M:AreyoureadyforthetriptotheBigApple?Icanhardlywait.W:TheBigApple?We’renotheadingtotheBigApple.M:TheBigAppleisanothernameforNewYorkCity.YouaregoingtoNewYorkwithus,aren’tyou?W:Yes,that’strue.⑩I’mespeciallylookingforwardtoseeingtheMuseumofModernArt.There’saspecialshowof20thcenturyAmericanpaintingsthere.Buttellme,wheredoesthenametheBigAppleefrom?MQUOTE:?Thejazzmusiciansofthe1920sareresponsibleforthename.Theygavealotofconcertsinthosedays.Everytimetheygaveaconcertinacity,theycalledthatcityanapple.Ofcourse,NewYorkwasthebiggestcityinourcountry,andthebestplaceforajazzconcert.SothemusicianscalledittheBigApple.W:Amazing!QUOTE?NewYorkissuchafascinatingplace.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisamusicfan.B.Sheisinterestedinmodernart.C.Sheknowsalotaboutjazzmusicians.答案:B11.WhomightberesponsibleforthenicknameofNewYorkCity?A.Americanpainters.B.NewYorkfarmers.C.Jazzmusicians.答案:C12.HowdoesthewomandescribeNewYork?A.Attractive.B.Crowded.C.Modern.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9M:Hi,Paula,whatacoincidencetomeetyouhere!W:Hi,Jeff.I’mjustgoingtothenewlyopenedsupermarket.M:QUOTE?Youmeantheonethreeblocksawayfromyourhouse?It’salongway.Whydon’tyouchoosetheonenearyourhouse?W:QUOTE?Oneofmyfriendstoldmebyphonethatgoodsinthatsupermarketaremuchcheaper.M:Ithinkit’sjustaformofpromotion.Allthesupermarketsarethesame:somegoodsarecheaper,butsomeareexpensive.W:Soundstrue.I’lltrycheckingtheprices.And,Jeff,QUOTE?Iheardyesterdayyouwenttovisitaracingclub.M:Yes.Iwentwithoneofmygoodfriendswhoareracingfans.W:Oh,great!Youknowmyboyfriendisalsoaracingfanandlikestodriveathighspeed.Sotellmesomethingaboutit!M:Er...QUOTE?thespecially-madeturnsareagoodchallengefordrivers.Duringmystaythereyesterday,Isawtwoaccidentsaroundthoseturns.W:Oh,thedriverscan’tbetoocarefulthere!M:Ofcourse.13.Whatisthedistancebetweenthewoman’shouseandthenewsupermarket?A.Oneblockaway.B.Twoblocksaway.C.Threeblocksaway.答案:C14.Whydoesthewomanwanttogotothenewsupermarket?A.Itsenvironmentisnicer.B.Itsgoodsarecheaper.C.Itsworkersarefriendlier.答案:B15.Wheredidthemangoyesterday?A.Aracingclub.B.Acarexhibition.C.Adrivingschool.答案:A16.Howdoesthemanfindthesespecially-madeturnsfordrivers?A.Challenging.B.mon.C.Strange.答案:A聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10M:DoyouneedEnglishatwork?QUOTE?BusinessEnglishone-to-oneisparticularlycreatedforpeopleinthebusinessworld.Thisisagreatcourseformakingrapidprogressinalimitedperiod.QUOTE?Youcanchoosetostudy5,10,20,or30lessonsperweek.Sowhatwillyoudoonthefirstday?At8:30am,youwillcheckin.At9:00am,youwilltakeatestandreceiveaninterview.QUOTE?Youwillhaveawelelunchat11:00am.At12:00,youwilltakeaweletouroftheschool.Ifyoutakecourseswithfewerthan30lessonsperweek,youwillnothaveanyclassesonthefirstday.Ifyoutakecourseswith30lessonsperweek,youwillhavetwoclassesintheafternoononthefirstday.Coursetopicsincludelistening,speaking,pronunciation,reading,writing,vocabularyandgrammar.Eachlessonlasts45minutes,QUOTE?andclassdaysarefromMondaytoFriday.17.Whomarethecoursescreatedfor?A.AllEnglishbeginners.B.Peopleinthebusinessworld.C.PeoplewhowanttoteachEnglish.答案:B18.Howmanyclassescanoneattendperweekatmost?A.10.B.20.C.30.答案:C19.Whatwillthestudentsdoat11:00amonthefirstday?A.Havelunch.B.Receiveaninterview.C.Travelaroundtheschool.答案:A20.Whendothestudentsattendclasses?A.FromMondaytoFriday.B.FromMondaytoSaturday.C.FromMondaytoSunday.答案:A第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANewYorkFilmAcademy(NYFA)SummerCampsforTeensTheNewYorkFilmAcademyoffersvarioussummercampsforteensandcampsduringtheschoolyeardesignedforhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedintheperformingarts.DOCUMENTARYCAMPOfferedatLAschool,theFour-weekDocumentaryCampisdesignedtoprovidehighschoolstudentswithahands-onintroductiontodocumentaryfilmmaking.Studentsareinvolvedinthecreativeandtechnicaldemandsofmakingadocumentarywhilegainingexperienceworkingwithindustry-standardequipmentonoriginalprojectsthatapplywhatstudentslearninthecamptooriginalvideocontent.SCREENWRITINGCAMPDesignedforthosecreativeindividualswhoprefertocreateexcitingandnewstoriesthroughtheirwords,NYFA’sThree-weekScreenwritingCampabsorbsfuturescreenwritersinscriptwriting,withnopreviousexperienceneeded.Ifyou’veeverwantedtoseewhetheryoucouldwriteyourownmovie,thenthisisthecampforyou.GAMEDESIGNCAMPFrompopularconsolegames(主機游戲)totheever-growingmobilegamemarket,videogamesareeverywhereyoulook.AtNYFA’sOne-weekandFour-weekGameDesignCamps,studentsworkwithourstaffofprofessionalgamedesignerstolearnthebaseofgamedesignandobtaintheskillstheyrequiretocreatetheirowngames.3DANIMATIONCAMPWhetheryou’reinterestedinlearninghowtocreateanoriginal3Danimatedshortfilmorsimulate(模仿)realisticvisualeffects,NYFA’sThree-weekandFour-week3DAnimationCamps,offeredatHarvardUniversityandourNYCandLAschool,providestudentswithprofessionalinstructionstogivethemastrongfootinginthefield.Studentscanchoose3DAnimationSummerCampsandspendtheirsummerbringingtheirimaginationtolife.InterestedinlearningmoreaboutNYFA’suniquePhotographySummerCamps?Clickhereforadditionalinformationabouttheapplicationprocess.【語篇概述】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了紐約電影學(xué)院為對表演藝術(shù)感興趣的高中生提供各種夏令營活動的相關(guān)信息。21.Tocreatestoriesforfilms,youcanchoose_______.

A.DocumentaryCampB.ScreenwritingCampC.GameDesignCampD.3DAnimationCamp【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由SCREENWRITINGCAMP中的“Designedforthosecreativeindividualswhoprefertocreateexcitingandnewstoriesthroughtheirwords”可知,SCREENWRITINGCAMP是為那些喜歡用自己的語言創(chuàng)作激動人心的新故事的人專門設(shè)計的。所以要為電影創(chuàng)作故事,你可以選擇SCREENWRITINGCAMP。22.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_______.

A.ScreenwritingCamprequiresexperiencedstudentsB.DocumentaryCampprovidesathree-weekprogramC.studentsinGameDesignCamplearntoplayvideogamesD.studentsin3DAnimationCampreceiveprofessionalinstructions【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由3DANIMATIONCAMP中的“providestudentswithprofessionalinstructions”可知,3DANIMATIONCAMP向?qū)W生提供專業(yè)的指導(dǎo)。23.Thepassageiswrittento_______.

A.provideinformationB.makeparisonsC.givesomeadviceD.expressopinions【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由NewYorkFilmAcademy(NYFA)SummerCampsforTeens中的“TheNewYorkFilmAcademyoffersvarioussummercampsforteensandcampsduringtheschoolyeardesignedforhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedintheperformingarts.”以及最后一段“Clickhereforadditionalinformationabouttheapplicationprocess.”句意:紐約電影學(xué)院為青少年提供各種夏令營,并在學(xué)年期間為對表演藝術(shù)感興趣的高中生提供各種夏令營活動。以及單擊此處獲取有關(guān)申請流程的其他信息?？梢耘袛喑鲞@篇短文的目的就是要提供信息。

BCareersuccesscouldbepredictedasearlyaskindergarten,accordingtoa20-yearstudyrecentlypublishedintheAmericanjournalPublicHealth.ResearchersfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversityandDukeUniversitytrackedmorethan700childrenfromacrosstheUSbetweenkindergartenandaged25andfoundasignificantconnectionbetweentheirsocialskillsaskindergartenersandtheirsuccessasadultstwodecadeslater.Intheresearch,teachersassessedhowthekindergartenersinteractedwitheachothersociallyusingarangeofcriterialikewhethertheycooperatewiththeirpeerswithoutbeingencouraged,whetherthey’rehelpfultoothers,whetherthey’regoodatunderstandingfeelings,andwhethertheycansolveproblemsontheirown.Researchersthenkepttrackofwhetherthestudentsgoontograduatefromhighschoolontime,getacollegedegree,andfindandkeepafull-timejobby25.Theyalsomonitoredtheparticipants’involvementwithcrime,drugabuse,publicassistance,andmentalhealthissues.Theresultsshowedthatsociallycapablechildrenarefarmorelikelytoearnacollegedegreeandhaveafull-timejobby25thanthosewithlimitedsocialskills.Thosewithlimitedsocialskillsalsohaveahigherchanceofgettingarrested,bingedrinking,andapplyingforpublichousing.“Thisstudyshowsthathelpingchildrendevelopsocialandemotionalskillsisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotopreparethemforahealthyfuture,”saidKristinSchubert,programdirectorattheRobertWoodJohnsonFoundation,whichfundedtheresearch,inarelease.“Fromanearlyage,theseskillscandeterminewhetherachildgoestocollegeorprison,andwhethertheyendupemployedoraddicted.”Thegoodnews,accordingtoDamonJones,leadauthorofthestudy,isthatintervention(干預(yù))atayoungagecanhelpimprovesocialandemotionalskills.“Thisresearchbyitselfdoesn’tprovethathighersocialabilitycanleadtobetterouteslateron,”hesaid.“Butwhenbinedwithotherresearch,itisclearthathelpingchildrendeveloptheseskillsincreasestheirchancesofsuccessinschool,work,andlife.”【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項持續(xù)20年的調(diào)查研究的結(jié)果,表明幼時社交能力與成年后成功的關(guān)聯(lián)。24.Whatdidthe20-yearstudyfind?A.Socialskillsplayakeyroleinchildren’sdevelopment.B.Helpfulchildrenunderstandothers’feelingsbetter.C.Mostkindergartenerscansolveproblemsalone.D.Outgoingchildrencooperatewiththeirpeerseasily.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,通過對700個孩子從幼兒園到事業(yè)成功20年的跟蹤研究,研究者總結(jié)出社交能力對孩子發(fā)展的重要性。25.WhatareParagraph3andParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whentheresearchersbegantheirstudy.B.Howtheresearchersconductedthestudy.C.Howlongittooktopletethestudy.D.Whatfactorswerestudiedbytheresearchers.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。文章第三段說明幼兒園老師運用一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對孩子社交能力進行評估;第四段則說明研究者對學(xué)生的高中、大學(xué)及他們工作時期進行跟蹤,監(jiān)測他們是否存在犯罪、吸毒及精神方面的問題。即這兩段重點說明調(diào)查的具體實施方法。26.WhatshouldparentsdotohelptheirchildrentosucceedaccordingtoKristinSchubert?A.Teachthemsomebasiclivingskills.B.Tellthemtokeepoffalcohol.C.Coachthemintheirlessons.D.Teachthemhowtocooperatewithothers.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Thisstudyshowsthathelpingchildrendevelopsocialandemotionalskillsisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotopreparethemforahealthyfuture,”saidKristinSchubert,programdirectorattheRobertWoodJohnsonFoundation,whichfundedtheresearch,inarelease.可知,KristinSchubert認(rèn)為要從小幫助孩子培養(yǎng)社交和情感技能,這對使他們?yōu)榻】档奈磥碜龊脺?zhǔn)備有重要的作用。27.Accordingtothepassage,itisprobablyintendedfor_______.

A.teenagersB.doctorsC.educatorsD.generalreaders【解析】選C。推理判斷題。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從小培養(yǎng)孩子社交和情感能力對他們將來的成功的重要性,這一研究結(jié)果對指導(dǎo)教育者如何教育學(xué)生意義重大。CChildrenarestartingondigitaldevicesateveryoungerages,andopinionsontheeffectsofchildren’sdigital-mediahabitsaredeeplypolarized(兩極分化的).JeanTwenge,apsychologyprofessor,thinksexcessiveuseoftheInternetandsocialmediamakeschildrenlonelyanddepressedandposesseriousriskstotheirphysicalandparticularlytheirmentalhealth,sometimestothepointofdrivingthemtosuicide.However,DanielKardefelt-WintheroftheInnocentiresearchofficeofUnicefexaminedvariousevidenceandfoundlesscauseforalarmthanisoftensuggested.Mostofthestudiesbeexaminedseemtoshowthatthetechnologyhelpschildrenstayintouchwiththeirfriendsandmakenewones.Therelationshipbetweentheuseofdigitaltechnologyandchildren’smentalhealth,broadlyspeaking,appearstobeu-shaped.Researchershavefoundthatmoderateuseisbeneficial,whereaseithernouseatallorextremeusecouldbeharmful.Whatworriessomeexpertsmoreisthatscreensarebeingpartofthemiddle-classarmoury(武器庫)forperpetuating(鞏固)socialadvantage.Childrenfromwell-offhomesareenrolledinprivateclassestolearnskillslike“HowtobeaYouTuber”,whichpoorerparentscannotafford.【語篇概述】本文屬于議論文,介紹兒童使用智能設(shè)備的年齡越來越小,但是對其影響有不同的觀點。28.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedisadvantagesofoverusingdigitalmedia.B.Thebadeffectsofusingdigitalmedia.C.Severalbadimpactsofusingdigitalmedia.D.Theadvantagesofoverusingdigitalmedia.【解析】選A。段落大意題。本段主要講述長期使用智能設(shè)備,會讓孩子感到孤獨和抑郁,會造成長期的身體或心理影響,甚至導(dǎo)致兒童自殺,故可知本段講述智能設(shè)備對兒童造成的不利影響。29.WhatisDanielKardefelt-Winther’sattitudetotheuseofdigitalmedia?A.Objective.B.Favorable.C.Indifferent.D.Uncertain.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段However,DanielKardefelt-WintheroftheInnocentiresearchofficeofUnicefexaminedvariousevidenceandfoundlesscauseforalarmthanisoftensuggested.Mostofthestudiesbeexaminedseemtoshowthatthetechnologyhelpschildrenstayintouchwiththeirfriendsandmakenewones.可知,DanielKardefelt-Winther查看了不同的證據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)造成的不利影響的原因更少,而他發(fā)現(xiàn)兒童使用科技來與朋友保持聯(lián)系,以及結(jié)交新朋友,故可知此人對兒童使用電子設(shè)備的態(tài)度是支持的。30.Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Notallchildrenfromrichhomescanattendprivateclasses.B.Notallchildrenfrompoorhomescanlearnskillslike“HowtobeaYouTuber”.C.Digitalmediaistheonlywayofstrengtheningthemiddle-class.D.Digitalmediacanwidenclassgap.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Whatworriessomeexpertsmoreisthatscreensarebeingpartofthemiddle-classarmouryforperpetuatingsocialadvantage.可知,讓專家更擔(dān)憂的是,電子設(shè)備似乎正在成為中產(chǎn)階級鞏固其地位的一種武器庫,比如中產(chǎn)階級能夠支付私教課程,比如怎樣成為YouTube的網(wǎng)紅,故可知,電子設(shè)備可能會擴大階級差距。31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Shouldchildreninteractwithdigitalmedia?B.Shouldparentsallowtheirchildreninteractwithdigitalmedia?C.Whatchildrendotointeractwithdigitaldevices.D.Howchildreninteractwithdigitaldevices.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。本文介紹兒童使用智能設(shè)備的年齡越來越小,但是對其影響有不同的觀點。有人認(rèn)為智能設(shè)備會對孩子造成消極影響,但是有人認(rèn)為智能設(shè)備會讓孩子保持與朋友的聯(lián)系甚至結(jié)交新朋友。D(2020·華中師大附中高二檢測)Wetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore“resilient(有韌性的)”,butwhateverwe’redoing,it’snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmune(免疫的)systemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens(過敏原)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprive(剝奪)themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejection.It’snotthekids’fault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless.Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterwarned,“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthandidthepreviousgeneration.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencetheyneedtobeestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.【語篇概述】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了如果我們過度保護孩子,讓他們遠離不愉快的社會環(huán)境和負(fù)面情緒,我們就剝奪了他們成長所需的技能建設(shè)的挑戰(zhàn)和機會。我們應(yīng)該放手,讓他們成長。32.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?A.Tostressitsimportance.B.Toanalyzethecauseofanxiety.C.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.D.Tohelpunderstandanewword.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergensinchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.納西姆·塔勒布發(fā)明了“抗脆弱”這個詞,并用它來描述一個很小但非常重要的系統(tǒng),它從沖擊、挑戰(zhàn)和混亂中獲益。免疫系統(tǒng)就是其中之一:它需要在兒童時期接觸某些種類的細(xì)菌和潛在的過敏原,以充分發(fā)展其能力。由此推斷出,作者在第二段中提到免疫系統(tǒng)是為了幫助理解一個新單詞。故選D。33.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause_______.

A.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren’ssafetyB.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedC.parent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD.childrenarenotindependentenough【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprivethemofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.如果我們過度保護孩子,讓他們遠離不愉快的社會環(huán)境和負(fù)面情緒,我們就剝奪了他們成長所需的技能建設(shè)的挑戰(zhàn)和機會。由此推斷出,父母過分保護孩子是因為他們擔(dān)心孩子的安全。故選A。34.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan_______.

A.promotechildren’sresilienceB.strengthenchildren’sfriendshipC.reducechildren’sriskybehaviorD.developchildren’sleadershipskills【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.然而,讓孩子們制訂自己的參與規(guī)則、承擔(dān)小風(fēng)險并學(xué)會掌控沒那么危險的自由玩耍,對成人社交能力乃至身體的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。剝奪他們自由玩耍的權(quán)利會阻礙他們社交和情感的發(fā)展。由此推斷出,自由玩?？梢栽鰪妰和捻g性。故選A。35.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Stoptryingtoperfectyourchild.B.Ittakesgreatcouragetoraisechildren.C.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D.Themoreexposedthechildrenaretotherisks,themoreresilienttheywouldbee.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencetheyneedtobeestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.然而,我們有充分的理由懷疑,通過剝奪我們天生“抗脆弱”的孩子成長所需的廣泛經(jīng)驗,我們正在系統(tǒng)性地阻止他們的成長。我們應(yīng)該放手,讓他們成長。由此推斷出,作者可能會同意“讓孩子為踏上人生道路做好準(zhǔn)備,而不是為孩子準(zhǔn)備好人生道路”這個觀點,故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenwritingthestoryofyourlife,don’tletsomeoneelseholdthepen.36Herearesomeideasforwritingalifestory:

Livehappilyinyourownway.Youarenotinthisworldtoliveuptotheexpectationsofothers,norshouldyoufeelthatothersareheretoliveuptoyours.Whatsuccessmeanstoeachofusistotallydifferent.Successtoothersmaymeanbeingagoodparent.Successisonlyaboutspendingyourlifehappilyinyourownway.37Therearethousandsofpossiblepathsupthemountainoflife,soitreallydoesn’tmatterwhichpathyoustartoffon.Theonlymistakeisbywastingtimerunningaroundatthebaseofthemountain,tellingeveryonethatyourlifepathiswrong.

Embrace(樂意采納)newideas,lessons,andchallenges.Sometimesgrowingupmeansgrowingapartfromoldhabits,relationships,andsituations,andfindingsomethingnewthattrulymovesyou.38Youshouldlookveryclearlyintotheunknownandenjoyit.Becausewhenyoueincontactwiththingsthatyoudon’tknow,that’swhenyou’relearning,growing,andtrulyliving.

Livehonorablythroughkindness.Ifyoulivehonorably,nomatterhowoldyouget,you’llneverloseyourbeauty.39

Spendqualitytimewithpeopleyoulove.40Peopledon’tliveforever.Appreciatewhatyouhave,wholovesyouandwhocaresforyou.You’llneverknowhowmuchtheymeanuntilthedaywhentheyarenolongerbesideyou.Somedayyouwilleitherregretnotdoingso,oryouwillsay,“I’mgladIdid.”

A.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.B.Appreciatethelittlethingsinlifethatmeanalot.C.Changeyourpathwhenyoumust,butkeepmovingforward.D.Thereisnothingmorewonderfulthanseeinglifeasanadventure.E.Forothers,itmaymeantosimplybehappyoritcanbealloftheabove.F.Andremember,thereisnobetterthingthanreachingoutandholdingthehandofsomeoneinneed.G.Makewisechoiceseverydaybecausethewayyouliveeachdayisasentenceinthestoryofyourlife.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。文章向讀者介紹了讓生活更精彩,人生更有意義的幾條建議。36.【解析】選G。由“Whenwritingthestoryofyourlife,don’tletsomeoneelseholdthepen._______Herearesomeideasforwritingalifestory”可知,寫自己人生篇章的時候,不要把筆交給別人。以下是書寫人生篇章的一些建議。所以設(shè)空處起到承上啟下的作用。故G選項“每天都要做出明智的選擇,因為你每天的生活方式就是你人生篇章中的一句話”符合題意。

37.【解析】選C。由“Therearethousandsofpossiblepathsupthemountainoflife,soitreallydoesn’tmatterwhichpathyoustartoffon.Theonlymistakeisbywastingtimerunningaroundatthebaseofthemountain,tellingeveryonethatyourlifepathiswrong.”句意:通往人生這座高山有很多路可以走,走哪條并不重要。唯一的錯誤是我們浪費時間在山腳下徘徊,告訴其他人你選擇的路是一條錯誤的路。所以本段主要告訴讀者當(dāng)你必須改變自己所走的路時,你可以改變,但不能停留,要繼續(xù)前行。38.【解析】選D。由“Sometimesgrowingupmeansgrowingapartfromoldhabits,relationships,andsituations,andfindingsomethingnewthattrulymovesyou._______Youshouldlookveryclearlyintotheunknownandenjoyit.”可知,有時候,成長意味著遠離陳舊的習(xí)慣、人際關(guān)系和環(huán)境,去發(fā)現(xiàn)一些真正打動你的新東西。你應(yīng)該非常清楚地看到未知的事物并去享受它。所以設(shè)空處與前后句在一同說明小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容。故D選項“沒有什么比把生活看成一場冒險更奇妙的了”符合句意。

39.【解析】選F。由“Ifyoulivehonorably,nomatterhowoldyouget,you’llneverloseyourbeauty”可知,如果你活得體面,無論你多大,你永遠不會失去你的美。所以設(shè)空處要說明標(biāo)題的中的“kindness”。故F選項“記住,沒有什么比向有需要的人伸出援助之手并握住他的手更好的了”符合句意。40.【解析】選A。由小標(biāo)題“Spendqualitytimewithpeopleyoulove”以及“Peopledon’tliveforever.”句意:與你愛的人共度美好時光。人們不會永遠活著。可知設(shè)空處是說明要珍惜時間,與下一句一同來說明小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容。故A選項“光陰一去不復(fù)返”符合句意。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LastweekIwentshoppinginthesupermarket.Igottothefrontofthe41andputmygroceriesthroughthecheckout.Iwasabouttopay,whenI42thatIdidn’thavemybankcardwithme.I43.ThenIrememberedIleftitathomewhenI44somethingonline.AllIhadwas$30innotesandsomecoinsinmywallet.Iwasshort45atleast$25,andIneededtobuymostoftheitems.

Istartedto46tothecheckoutlady.“I’msorry.Istopthequeue.CanIputthesethingsback,andthenthinkI’ll47these.Oh,no,needthat.”

AnIrishladywas48behindme,nextinthequeue.“Excuseme,Dear,”shesaid.“Oh,I’msosorry,”Ireplied,“I’m49youup.”“Ofcoursenot.Iknow50youfeel.Thishappenstoallofusatsomepoint.Nowpleaseusemy51topaythebillandyoucanbeonyourway.”

Iwasastonishedbyherkindness,52even.NomatterhowIinsistedotherwise,shewas53tohelpme.Af