專(zhuān)題23 介詞的分類(lèi)精講課件中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法課件介詞及介詞的分類(lèi)介詞（preposition）用于表示名詞與名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系的詞。介詞常常位于句子中的其他詞之前，用于說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、目的等。介詞的定義介詞是虛詞，能與名詞、動(dòng)詞等構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)介詞。同一個(gè)場(chǎng)合意義不同，用法也不相同。根據(jù)構(gòu)成劃分根據(jù)形式劃分根據(jù)介詞構(gòu)成根據(jù)介詞意義簡(jiǎn)單介詞合成介詞雙重介詞短語(yǔ)介詞時(shí)間介詞讓步介詞方式介詞地點(diǎn)介詞原因介詞其他介詞簡(jiǎn)單介詞簡(jiǎn)單介詞指由一個(gè)單詞構(gòu)成的介詞atinontoforby

在..在…里在…上至；到;

往對(duì)于，為了被，由withoffrombeforeafternear與…一起...的從...在...之前在...之后在...附近sinceuplikeoffaboutagainst自從...在…上像...從...脫離關(guān)于逆著靠著behindunderamongasduringover在...后面在…下面在…中間作為在...期間在…上面簡(jiǎn)單介詞1.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海在中國(guó)的東部。

2.JapanistotheeastofChina.日本在中國(guó)的東部。3.Isoldmybicycleatalowprice.

我以低價(jià)把我的自行車(chē)賣(mài)了。4.Thisboxismadeofpaper.這個(gè)盒子由紙制成。5.Thebookis

?on?

thetable.書(shū)在桌子上面。簡(jiǎn)單介詞?6.Iwenttothepark

?with?

myfriends.我和我朋友一起去公園。7.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?

你能告訴我關(guān)于你的事情嗎？8.Hediedfromthewound.他受傷而亡。9.Wepushedthroughthecrowdtogettothefront.我們擠過(guò)人群走到了前面。10.Igetupbefore6o’clock.我六點(diǎn)之前起床。合成介詞指由兩個(gè)詞合在一起構(gòu)成的介詞intowithinthroughout到…里面在(某段時(shí)間)之內(nèi)自始至終uponontotowards在…之上到…之上向…朝著insideoutsidewithout在…內(nèi)在…之外沒(méi)有,缺乏合成介詞1.ItraveledthroughoutEuropeinmytwenties.

在二十多歲時(shí)，我已游歷了整個(gè)歐洲。

2.TheUnitedNations'workistowardspeace.3.聯(lián)合國(guó)的工作是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)和平。4.Theenemywasuponus.敵人逼近我們。5.Ican‘tbeoutside.

我做不到置身事外。6.Heworkedlateintothenight.他工作到深夜。合成介詞

雙重介詞指的是由兩個(gè)介詞組成的介詞uptofrombehinduntilafter多達(dá)在……后面直到??之后outofataboutfromamong在……外在大約······從·····中間?fromunder?fromaround?frominside?從·····之下從·····周?chē)鷱摹ぁぁぁぁだ锩骐p重介詞雙重介詞Ashotrangoutfrominsidethetheatre.劇院里響起一聲槍響。Alightappearedfrombehindthecurtain.窗簾后面出現(xiàn)了一盞燈。Peoplegetwaterfromundertheground.人們從地下取水。Icantakeupto6peopleinmycar.我的汽車(chē)最多能坐6個(gè)人。Thesunfinallypeepedoutfrombehindtheclouds.太陽(yáng)終于從云層后面露了出來(lái)。短語(yǔ)介詞由一個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單介詞和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)其他詞類(lèi)組合構(gòu)成，只相當(dāng)于一個(gè)介詞。forthesakeofinsteadofinspiteof為了替代；而不是不管inviewofincaseofexceptfor由于；鑒于以防除了onbehalfofinfrontofinchargeof代表在······前面主管短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)介詞1.Wejusthadsoup

insteadof

afullmeal.我們沒(méi)有吃全餐,只喝了湯。2.Theteacherinchargeofourclassisfondofmusic.我們的班主任老師喜歡音樂(lè)。3.Exceptforabrokendesk,theroomisempty.除了一把破舊的桌子，這個(gè)房間是空的。4.Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseofrain.帶把傘吧,以防下雨。5.In

view

ofthis,thedecisionmaynotbeeasy.考慮到這點(diǎn),可能很難作出決定。時(shí)間介詞in,on,at,after,

before,from…to,past,between,forHegetsupatsixinthemorning.他早晨6點(diǎn)起床。Iwillgoswimmingafterclass.我課后準(zhǔn)備去游泳。Iusuallyfinishworkbetween4pmand6pm.我通常在下午四點(diǎn)和六點(diǎn)之間下班。?地點(diǎn)介詞under,over,near,beside,between,above,inside,belowWewentintotheclassroomandbegantoreadthebooks.我們走進(jìn)教室開(kāi)始讀書(shū)。Onacoldeveningitispleasanttositbythefire.在寒冷的夜晚，坐在爐火旁邊很舒服。讓步介詞Inspiteof,despiteforall,withallDespitetherain,westillwenttotheschool.

盡管下雨,我們還是去了學(xué)校。Forallhispoor,hewasstillhappy

.盡管他很窮,但他很快樂(lè)。withallhisexperience,hecouldn`tgetthejob.盡管他有經(jīng)驗(yàn),他還是沒(méi)能得到這份工作。原因介詞for,from,to,with,becauseof,atShetoldhimthetruthfromasenseofloyalty.她告訴他真相是出于忠誠(chéng)。wecanceledtoday'sactivitiesbecauseofthebadweather.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓?我們?nèi)∠私裉斓膽?hù)外活動(dòng)。Hewassurprisedatthenews.

他聽(tīng)到這消息大吃一驚。

方式介詞by,in,withthroughIlearnedEnglishbywatchingmovies.我通過(guò)看電影來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。Theywerespeakingin

English.他們?cè)谟糜⒄Z(yǔ)講話。Hecaughttheballwithhislefthand.?他用左手接球。其他介詞as,over,butfor,like,incaseofbesides,withoutSheisdressedinred.她穿著紅色的衣服。Idon'tlikeahousewithoutagarden.我不喜歡沒(méi)有花園的房子。Besidesfood,wealsoneedtobringsomedrinks.

除了食物,我們還需要帶點(diǎn)兒飲料。1.在上海____Shanghai3.在電影院____thecinema5.在海邊_____thesea7.在河里_____theriver9.樹(shù)上的梨子pears____thetree11.樹(shù)上的小鳥(niǎo)birds____thetree13.在天空上____thesky15.在圖書(shū)館外________thelibrary17.在校園里______campus19.在街道上______thestreetinatbyinonininoutsideonin2.相鄰，靠近next___4.將來(lái)___thefuture6.由于,幸虧thanks___8.過(guò)了一會(huì)兒_______awhile10.在地球上___earth12.放學(xué)______class14.展出___show16.值日___duty18.獨(dú)立,單獨(dú)all___oneself20.令(某人)驚訝___one’ssurprisetointoafteronafterononbyto記一記practice1．Today,therearestillalotofpeoplewhopreferto____theHuangpuRiver____ferries.A．a(chǎn)cross;on B．cross;on C．cross;by D．a(chǎn)cross;byCpractice2．Theman____abluecoatisstanding___myfather.A．wears;infrontof B．in,inthefrontofC．in,infrontof D．wears,inthefrontofC3．Thestudentswenttothemuseum_____No.10bus.Astheywerecaught_____atrafficjam,theywerelate_____thelecture.A．in;in;for B．by;by;to C．on;by;to D．on;in;forpracticeD4．WehaveT-shirts_____red,blueandwhite_____only15dolla