2021-2022學(xué)年山東省菏澤市高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題解析版(不含聽(tīng)力音頻)

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省菏澤市高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題聽(tīng)力注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷由四個(gè)部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whoisthetallestintheclass?A.Don.B.Edward.C.Jimmy.2.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agym.B.Apark.C.Asouvenirstore.3.WhenwillthemanarriveinSydneyonTuesday?A.At5:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At9:30a.m.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthedrycleaner's.B.Inafittingroom.C.Atthetailor's.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aromanticmovie.B.Theman'snewbook.C.Someresearchresults.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatgradedidthemangetinthehistoryquiz?A.A“C”。B.A“D”。C.An“F”。7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Relaxathome.B.Buysomebooks.C.Prepareforanothertest.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakersplanningtodotoday?A.Haveapicnic.B.Goshopping.C.Watchavolleyballgame.9.Whatistheseasonnowprobably?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Strangeweather.B.Outdooractivities.C.Seriouspollution.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheman?A.Ahost.B.Anewsreporter.C.Afitnesscoach.12.Whenwillthefitnesscenteropen?A.OnJune16.B.OnJuly10.C.OnAugust21.13.Whichsportcanpeopledoonthethirdfloor?A.Swimming.B.Volleyball.C.Basketball.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WheredidthespeakersusuallyhavetheNewYear'sEvedinner?A.Atarestaurant.B.Attheirhouse.C.Attheman'sparents'.15.WhatdoesthewomanwantthemantodofortheNewYear?A.Shopforfood.B.Dosomecleaning.C.Reserveatable.16Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurantfood?A.It'sdelicious.B.It'stooexpensive.C.It'ssuitableforchildren.17.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?B.Satisfied.C.Excited.A.Worried.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhenwillDr.Guptagivealecture?B.Onthe23rd.C.Onthe26th.A.Onthe12th.19.WherewillMr.Collinsgivehislecture?A.InRoom173.B.IntheLectureHall.C.IntheScience20.WhatisthetopicofProfessorPrice'stalk?A.TheStudySkills.B.TheFutureofComputer.C.LifeandCultureintheU.K.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALuiswasborninLima,Peru.Helivedtherewithhisparents.Butonedayhislifechangedcompletely.Hisparentsgotdivorced(離婚).AndhismothermovedtotheThismovewasabigchangeforLuis.Hetriedtofitintohisnewlife.Hehadtogotoanewschool,learnanewlanguageandmakenewfriends.ButLuisfeltdifferentfromtheotherchildren.Hefeltthathedidnotbelong.HewantedtoreturntoSouthAmerica.Someyearslaterhehadhischance.Hewassohappytoreturntohisoriginalculture!Buttohissurprise,hedidnotfeelathome.Luisfelttroubled.Hedidnotknowwhichcountryhewasfrom.Luisisnottheonlyyoungpersontohavethesefeelings.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearemovingaroundtheworldwiththeirparents.Theirparents'workmaycausethemove.Familiesmaychoosetomove.Theyhopeforabetterlife.Suchfamilieshavenewexperiences.Theylearnaboutothercultures.Theyhaveinterestinglives.Buttherecanalsobeabigproblem.Alotofpeopledonotunderstandhowmovingwillaffecttheirchildren.Parentsmaynotunderstandtheirchildren'sstruggles.Andtheyoftenthinkitwillbeeasyfortheirchildrentoreturntotheirhomecountry.Theymayexpecttheirchildrentobethesameasthem,tohavethesameideas,andtohavethesamebeliefs.Thereisanameforthesechildrenwhogrowupinmorethanonecountry-"thirdculturekids".Thirdculturekidsarenotcompletelypartoftheirparents'culture.Theyarenotcompletelypartoftheotherculturetheylivein.Instead,theyareamixofcultures.Thismixedcultureistheirownculture-athirdculture.1.WhathappenedtoLuiswhenhemovedtoAmerica?A.Hecouldn'tfitin. B.HelikedAmericancultureatonce.CHehadproblemwiththenewlanguage. D.Hecouldn'tmakefriends.2.WhydidLuisreturntoPeru?A.Tolookforhisfather. B.TolearnaboutthecultureofPeru.C.Toseekasenseofbelonging. D.Tocomparedifferentcultures.3.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CulturalShock B.Children'sProblemsC.ThirdCultureKids D.MissingHome【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。以Luis的經(jīng)歷為例介紹了一些兒童因?yàn)楦改傅脑虿坏貌辉谑澜绺鞯馗鞣N文化間奔波，因而形成了獨(dú)特的屬于自己的第三文化。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Hetriedtofitintohisnewlife.”（他試圖適應(yīng)他的新生活。）及后文的“ButLuisfeltdifferentfromtheotherchildren.Hefeltthathedidnotbelong.”（但是Luis感覺(jué)和其他孩子不一樣。他覺(jué)得自己不屬于這里。）可知，Luis想適應(yīng)新生活，但卻沒(méi)有成功。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第五六句“Hefeltthathedidnotbelong.HewantedtoreturntoSouthAmerica.”（他覺(jué)得自己不屬于這里。他想回到南美洲）可知，Luis感覺(jué)自己不屬于這里，想要回到家鄉(xiāng)尋找歸屬感。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Thereisanameforthesechildrenwhogrowupinmorethanonecountry-"thirdculturekids".”（這些在不止一個(gè)國(guó)家長(zhǎng)大的孩子有一個(gè)名字——“第三文化孩子”）可知，本文是通過(guò)Luis的經(jīng)歷引出主題“第三文化孩子”的。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】BAllspeciesofbirdslayeggs,andmostbuildanesttoholdtheireggs.Afewbirdsdon'tbuildanest,incubate(孵化)eggs,orcareforyoungatall.Theyleavetheresponsibilityforraisingtheirbabiestootherspecies.Thisbreedingstrategyiscalledbroodparasitism(巢寄生),andit'sdonebybirdscalledbroodparasites.Fewerthan1%ofallbirdsarebroodparasites.OvermostofNorthAmerica,theonlybroodparasiteisthebrown-headedcowbird.Itmakessenseforthebrown-headedcowbirdtobeabroodparasitewhenyouconsiderthisbind'shistory.Longago,itsrangewasfairlyrestrictedtotheshortgrassprairiesoftheGreatPlains,whereitlivedonseedsandinsectsiffoundondisturbedsoil.Howdidthesoilgetdisturbed?Big,heavybisonhoovesbrokeuptheprairienod(草皮).Whencowbirdsfollowedthebison,theycouldfindfoodontheground,someeveninandaroundthebisondroppings,whichheldpartly-digestedseedsandattractedinsects.Thisworkedgreatmostoftheyear.Butduringthebreedingseason,thecowbirdswouldhavehadaproblemiftheynestedlikeotherbirds.Bisonherdsmoveaboutconstantly.Imaginewhatwouldhappenifacowbirdstartednestingandsuddenlythebisonleft!Without"help"fromthebison,howcouldshepossiblyfeedherbabiesorherselfifshestayed?Beingabroodparasite,shestayedwiththebison,knowingherbabiesweresafeinthenestsofbirdswhofoundfoodinotherways.Femalecowbirdswillstayquietlyinthetopsofshrubsortrees,watchingfornest-buildingactivities.Oncethecowbirdlocatesthenest,sheusuallyremovesoneegg.Manynestingbirdsdon'tevenseemtonoticeacowbirdeggamongtheirowneggs.Oncethecowbirdnestlinghatches,thefosterparentsraisethenestlingasifitwereoneoftheirown.Cowbirdsremainwiththeirfosterparentsforabout13daysaftertheyleavethenest,followingandbeggingfromadultswhoareoftenverymuchsmallerthanthebabycowbirds!Butafterabouttwoweeks,thebabiesgooffontheirown,andsomehowinstinctivelyassociatewithothercowbirds.4.Whatdowelearnaboutthebrown-headedcowbirdfromthesecondparagraph?A.Ithasalwaysbeenabroodparasite.B.Ithasalwayslivedamobilelife.C.Itmightbuildtheirownnestslongago.D.Itusedtohavestrongabilityofadjustment.5.What'stherelationbetweenthecowbirdandthebison?A.Theydependoneachotherforeverything.B.Thecowbirdlargelydependsonthebison.C.Theyhavetomovetogether.D.Theycompeteagainsteachotherforsurvival.6.Thecowbirdhasbecomeabroodparasitebecause________A.ithastofollowthebisonallthetimeB.ithaslostitsskillofbuildingnestC.itcan'tfindproperplacestobuildnestsD.itcan'tgetfoodfromthebisonforitsyoung7.Thecowbirdremovesoneeggfromthenestprobablyto_________A.makespaceforitsowneggB.reducecompetitorsforitsyoungC.reducetheburdenofthenestingbirdsD.foolthenestingbirds【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了寄生在野牛身上的一種鳥(niǎo)——牛鸝?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Longago,itsrangewasfairlyrestrictedtotheshortgrassprairiesoftheGreatPlains,whereitlivedonseedsandinsectsiffoundondisturbedsoil.Howdidthesoilgetdisturbed?Big,heavybisonhoovesbrokeuptheprairienod(草皮).Whencowbirdsfollowedthebison,theycouldfindfoodontheground,someeveninandaroundthebisondroppings,whichheldpartly-digestedseedsandattractedinsects.”(很久以前，它的活動(dòng)范圍僅限于大草原上的短草原，在那里，如果在擾動(dòng)的土壤上發(fā)現(xiàn)這種鳥(niǎo)的話，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它是以種子和昆蟲(chóng)為食的。土壤是怎么被翻動(dòng)的？巨大而沉重的北美野牛蹄打破了草原的寧?kù)o，當(dāng)牛鸝跟著北美野牛時(shí)，它們可以在地上找到食物，有些甚至在北美野牛的糞便附近，這些糞便中含有部分消化的種子，吸引了昆蟲(chóng)。)可知，牛鸝在很久前并沒(méi)有寄生在北美野牛身上，而是活動(dòng)在大草原上的短草原，所以可以推斷出，它們?cè)诤芫们翱梢宰约褐?，故選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Without"help"fromthebison,howcouldshepossiblyfeedherbabiesorherselfifshestayed?Beingabroodparasite,shestayedwiththebison,knowingherbabiesweresafeinthenestsofbirdswhofoundfoodinotherways.”(如果沒(méi)有野牛的“幫助”她怎么可能留下來(lái)喂養(yǎng)她的孩子或她自己呢？作為一個(gè)巢寄生，她和野牛呆在一起，因?yàn)樗浪暮⒆釉邙B(niǎo)巢里是安全的，鳥(niǎo)巢會(huì)通過(guò)其他方式找到食物。)可推斷出，野牛和牛鸝的關(guān)系是，牛鸝很大程度上依賴野牛，故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Beingabroodparasite,shestayedwiththebison”(作為一個(gè)巢寄生，她得一直和野牛待在一起)可知，牛鸝變成了巢寄生鳥(niǎo)類，因?yàn)樗靡恢备芭?，故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Oncethecowbirdlocatesthenest,sheusuallyremovesoneegg.Manynestingbirdsdon'tevenseemtonoticeacowbirdeggamongtheirowneggs.”(一旦牛鸝找到一個(gè)巢穴，她通常會(huì)取走一個(gè)蛋。許多筑巢的鳥(niǎo)甚至沒(méi)有看到，自己的鳥(niǎo)蛋中多了一個(gè)牛鸝鳥(niǎo)蛋。)可以推斷出，牛鸝從鳥(niǎo)巢中拿走一個(gè)蛋，是為了騙過(guò)筑巢鳥(niǎo)，即當(dāng)她把自己的蛋放到鳥(niǎo)巢中時(shí)，筑巢鳥(niǎo)不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)多一只蛋，故選D。CAstudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinPsychologytookacloserlookatmusicinsports,specificallyhowlisteningtomusiccouldaffectone’soverallperformance.Researchersasked150volunteerstothrowaballintoabasket.Forthefirststageofthestudy,participantsthrewtheballfromafixedpoint.Theythrewtheballwhilelisteningtomusicoftheirchoice,whilenotlisteningtomusic,orwhilelisteningtomusicthattheresearchersselected.Forthesecondstatetheywereabletochoosewheretostandwhenthrowingtheballandperformedthesameactivitywiththevariousmusicchoices.Thestudyfoundthatlisteningtomusic,whetheritwasmusicofthevolunteer'schoiceorasongchosenforthem,didnotmaketheparticipantsmoreorlesslikelytogettheballinthebasket.Ithadnoeffect,Whatitdiddowasincreaseself-esteemandmakethestudyparticipantsmorelikelytotakerisks,especiallyformaleswhowereallowedtochoosetheirownmusic.Theresultssuggestthatmusicmanypumpyouup.Anditmayevenhelpyouworkoutharderandlongerthanyouwouldwithoutit.Butnomatterwhatsongyoulistento,it'snotgoingtohelpyougetthatballintothebasket.Anotherstudylookadetailedlookathowmusicpacemightaffectexercise.Researchersfoundthatlisteningtohigh-pacemusicmakespeoplefeellikethey'reworkinglesswhilealsobenefitingtheirbodiesmore.Listeningtohigh-pacemusicwhileexercisingresultedinthehighestheartratecomparedwithnotlisteningtomusic.Thismeansthattheexerciseseemedlikelesseffort,butitwasmorebeneficialintermsofenhancingphysicalfitness.Thestudyfoundthatthebeneficialeffectsofhigh-pacemusicweregreatestforpeoplewhowerewalkingorrunningandwerefelttheleastforthosewhoweredoinghigh-intensityexercisessuchasweightlifting8.Whatwerevolunteersallowedtodowhileshootinginthesecondstagetest?A.Choosepositionandmusic. B.Shootfromafixedpoint.C.Shootwithfixedmusic. D.Shootwithnomusic.9.Whichismoreencouraginginthrowingaballtest?A.Musicgivenbyexperts. B.Musicmaleschose. C.Peacefulmusic. D.Loudmusic.10.Whichsentencematchestheresultsofhigh-pacemusicinthisstudy?A.Ithasnoeffectonsports. B.Itimprovesyourathleticskills.C.Ithelpseasilyachievebetterworkout. D.High-pacemusicisbeneficialforallformsofexercise.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"enhancing"inparagraph6probablymean?A.Reducing. B.Balancing. C.Changing. D.Strengthening.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。發(fā)表在《心理學(xué)前沿》雜志上一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)中的音樂(lè)進(jìn)行了更深入的研究，特別是聽(tīng)音樂(lè)如何影響一個(gè)人的整體表現(xiàn)。文章介紹了研究開(kāi)展的過(guò)程以及研究結(jié)果表明，音樂(lè)會(huì)讓你精神振奮。它甚至可以幫助你鍛煉得更努力，時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽(tīng)節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)會(huì)讓人感覺(jué)不費(fèi)力，同時(shí)對(duì)身體也有好處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Forthesecondstatetheywereabletochoosewheretostandwhenthrowingtheballandperformedthesameactivitywiththevariousmusicchoices.(在第二種狀態(tài)中，他們可以選擇在投球時(shí)站在哪里，并在不同的音樂(lè)選擇下進(jìn)行相同的活動(dòng))”可知，在第二階段的測(cè)試中，志愿者在拍攝時(shí)被允許選擇位置和音樂(lè)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudyfoundthatlisteningtomusic,whetheritwasmusicofthevolunteer'schoiceorasongchosenforthem,didnotmaketheparticipantsmoreorlesslikelytogettheballinthebasket.Ithadnoeffect,Whatitdiddowasincreaseself-esteemandmakethestudyparticipantsmorelikelytotakerisks,especiallyformaleswhowereallowedtochoosetheirownmusic.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，無(wú)論是志愿者自己選擇的音樂(lè)還是為他們選擇的歌曲，并不會(huì)讓參與者更容易或更不容易把球投進(jìn)籃子里。它的作用是增強(qiáng)了參與者的自尊，讓他們更愿意冒險(xiǎn)，尤其是那些允許自己選擇音樂(lè)的男性)”可知，在投球測(cè)試中，男性選擇的音樂(lè)更令人鼓舞。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Listeningtohigh-pacemusicwhileexercisingresultedinthehighestheartratecomparedwithnotlisteningtomusic.Thismeansthattheexerciseseemedlikelesseffort,butitwasmorebeneficialintermsofenhancingphysicalfitness.(運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)聽(tīng)節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)比不聽(tīng)音樂(lè)時(shí)心率最高。這意味著運(yùn)動(dòng)看起來(lái)不那么費(fèi)力，但就提高身體素質(zhì)而言，它更有益)”可推知，C選項(xiàng)“它有助于很容易獲得更好的鍛煉”與快節(jié)奏音樂(lè)的結(jié)果相匹配。故選C?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Listeningtohigh-pacemusicwhileexercisingresultedinthehighestheartratecomparedwithnotlisteningtomusic.”以及劃線詞上文“Thismeansthattheexerciseseemedlikelesseffort,butitwasmorebeneficialintermsof”和后文“physicalfitness”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)聽(tīng)節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)比不聽(tīng)音樂(lè)時(shí)心率最高，這意味著運(yùn)動(dòng)看起來(lái)不那么費(fèi)力，但就加強(qiáng)身體素質(zhì)而言，快節(jié)奏音樂(lè)更有益，劃線詞意思是“加強(qiáng)”。A.Reducing.減少；B.Balancing.平衡；C.Changing.改變；D.Strengthening.加強(qiáng)。故選D。DPlantsdon'tbleedredandscreamthewayantelopes(羚羊)dowhenlionsbitethem,buttheyoftendieallthesameiftheycan'tdefendthemselves.AstudybyresearchersatMissouriandtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaprovesthatplantsnotonlyknowwhenthey'rebeingeaten,butthattheycantellseveraldifferentinsectsapartevenwhentheycatatthesametime.Appelandhercoauthors-JackSchultz,aUniversityofMissouriresearcherwholedthestudy,andJoergBohlmann,aUniversityofBritishColumbiaresearcherwhoperformedgenetic(基因的)studies,alongwithsixothers-plantedArabidopsisseedsinalabandallowedthemtogrowtoasizethatcaterpillars(毛毛蟲(chóng))andwormslove.Thentheylettheinsectseattheplants.Plantslosewaterandtissueand,worse,mightgetinfected(感染)withsomesortofbacteria,butgenerallytheylivetoseeanotherday.Theresearchersfoundthattheplantsproducedchemicalsthatgavethemtheunpleasantsmellstodrivetheinsectsaway.Moreover,thereweredifferentgeneticresponsestoeachworm,showingthattheplantactuallyknewwhatwaseatingthem.Thestudy,financedbytheNationalScienceFoundationandpublishedinthejournalFrontiersinPlantScience,wasn'tcarriedoutforcharity.Arabidopsisisanimportantplantthatcanbringinalotofmoneyforfarmers.Thiscouldallowagriculturalistswhogrowanddesigncashcropstogivethemtheskillstodriveofffarmpests(害蟲(chóng)).“Ifwewanttogrowplantsthatcankeepinsectsaway,”Appelsaid,wemightaswellfindouthowtheyrespondtodifferentinsectsthatfeedonthem.12.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.PlantscanknowwhichinsectsareeatingthemB.NewplantshelpfarmersearnmoremoneyC.ScientistsfoundanewwaytogrowplantsD.Scientistsfoundplantscouldprotectthemselves13.Howdoplantsprotectthemselves?A.Bychangingtheirgenes. B.Byproducingspecialchemicals.C.Byloosingwaterandtissue. D.Bytellingwhoiseatingthem.14.Whatshowsthatplantsknowwhoiseatingthem?A.Plantshavedifferentgeneticreactions.B.Plantsproducethesamechemicals.C.Plantshaveskillstodriveofffarmpests.D.Plantscantellseveraldifferentinsectsapart.15.Theresultofthestudycanbehelpfulto________A.protectarareplantfromdyingout B.dealwithpestsC.todesignanewkindofinsect D.raisemoneyforcharity【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了植物可以知道哪些昆蟲(chóng)正在吃它們并通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)其機(jī)制。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AstudybyresearchersatMissouriandtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaprovesthatplantsnotonlyknowwhenthey'rebeingeaten,butthattheycantellseveraldifferentinsectsapartevenwhentheycatatthesametime.(密蘇里州和英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究證明，植物不僅知道它們什么時(shí)候被吃掉，而且它們甚至能在同一時(shí)間分辨出幾種不同的昆蟲(chóng))”及全文可知，文章介紹了植物可以知道哪些昆蟲(chóng)正在吃它們并通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)其機(jī)制。由此可知，“Plantscanknowwhichinsectsareeatingthem(植物可以知道哪些昆蟲(chóng)正在吃它們)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersfoundthattheplantsproducedchemicalsthatgavethemtheunpleasantsmellstodrivetheinsectsaway.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些植物產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)使它們散發(fā)出難聞的氣味來(lái)趕走昆蟲(chóng))”可知，植物通過(guò)生產(chǎn)特殊化學(xué)品保護(hù)自己。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Moreover,thereweredifferentgeneticresponsestoeachworm,showingthattheplantactuallyknewwhatwaseatingthem.(此外，對(duì)每一個(gè)蠕蟲(chóng)有不同的遺傳反應(yīng)，這表明植物確實(shí)知道是什么在吃它們)”可知，植物有不同的遺傳反應(yīng)表明植物知道誰(shuí)在吃它們。故選A。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thiscouldallowagriculturalistswhogrowanddesigncashcropstogivethemtheskillstodriveofffarmpests.(這可以讓種植和設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物的農(nóng)民獲得趕走農(nóng)場(chǎng)害蟲(chóng)的技能)”可知，研究結(jié)果對(duì)害蟲(chóng)防治具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmayfindlotsofamazingpeopleinyourschoolwhoyouadmire.Actually,amazingstudentsareuniqueindividualswhohavediscoveredandchosentofollowafewuniversaltruths._____16_____Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyou.Remainorganized.Amazingstudentsknowthattheirtimeandresourcesarevaluable._____17_____Theyalwayskeeptestdatesinmind.Sotheysetasidetimeforstudyingandtimeforsociallives.Similarly,youshouldalsodoallofthis.Amazingstudentsrecognizethelimitsofknowledge.Theyaren'tshytoaskquestions.Whentheyneedadditionalhelp,theyquicklyturntotheirprofessorsforhelp.Theyalsofindoutadditionalresources,suchasinstructionalvideos,ontopicsthatconfusethem._____18_____Acceptandlookforfeedback(反饋）。Negative(負(fù)面的）commentsarehardtohearandeasytoignore.Amazingstudents,however,aren'tdefeatedbynegativecomments.___19___Theyusenegativecommentstoimprovetheiracademicperformance.Soyoushouldalsoreadthroughyourteacher'scommentsonpapers,testsandexams,andcarryoutthesuggestedchangesinyourfuturelearning.____20____Amazingstudentsarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.Theyoftenpaymuchattentiontoworldculturesandsocialevents.Inanefforttoincreaseyourknowledge,allowyournaturalcuriositytoleadyoutoincreasenewknowledgeandequipyouwithnewskills.A.Learnfromthosearoundyou.B.Staycuriousandkeeplearning.C.Whatmakesanamazingperson?D.Doyouwanttobeamazingatschool?E.Thus,tobeanamazingstudent,don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.F.Asaconsequence,theymanagetheirtimeandresourceswisely.G.Occasionally,they'llevenasktheirprofessorsforwaystoimprove.【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.G20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了如何在學(xué)校變得優(yōu)秀的一些小提示?！?6題詳解】文章第一句提到“Youmayfindlotsofamazingpeopleinyourschoolwhoyouadmire.”（你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校里有很多你崇拜的優(yōu)秀的人。）后文提到“Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyou.”（有一些小提示可以幫助你。），由此判斷后文的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于在學(xué)校里如何成為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的人的方法。D項(xiàng)使用問(wèn)題的形式引出下文，且該項(xiàng)中的“beamazingatschool”（在學(xué)校里非常優(yōu)秀）呼應(yīng)前文。故選D?！?7題詳解】第三段提到“Theyalwayskeeptestdatesinmind.”（他們總是能記住考試的時(shí)間。）由此判斷該段內(nèi)容與在校時(shí)間管理有關(guān)。F項(xiàng)提到“managetheirtime”（管理他們的時(shí)間），該項(xiàng)與段落內(nèi)容一致。故選F。【18題詳解】第四段提到“Theyaren'tshytoaskquestions.”（他們并不羞于問(wèn)問(wèn)題。）且該段中提到了優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生會(huì)借助其他的方式來(lái)幫助自己學(xué)習(xí)。E項(xiàng)提到“don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp”（不要害怕尋求幫助），該項(xiàng)與前文“并不羞于問(wèn)問(wèn)題”含義一致。故選E?！?9題詳解】第五段提到“Amazingstudents,however,aren'tdefeatedbynegativecomments.”（優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生不會(huì)被負(fù)面的評(píng)論打敗。），后文提到“Theyusenegativecommentstoimprovetheiracademicperformance.”（他們會(huì)利用負(fù)面評(píng)論來(lái)提高自己的學(xué)術(shù)能力。）由此判斷優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生是可以通過(guò)老師的反饋不斷提升自己。G項(xiàng)提到“they'llevenasktheirprofessorsforwaystoimprove.”（他們甚至?xí)蚶蠋熣?qǐng)教提升自己的方法。）G項(xiàng)起到承上啟下的作用。故選G?！?0題詳解】最后一段提到“Amazingstudentsarecuriousabouttheworldaroundthem.”（優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生對(duì)他們周圍的世界非常好奇。）好奇心是驅(qū)使優(yōu)秀學(xué)生不斷學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力。B項(xiàng)“staycurious”（保持好奇心）與段落大意一致，并引起后文。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenKealiLayandJeffScheider'sbigdaywasaffectedbecauseofcoronavirus(冠狀病毒),theydecidedtobringjoytoothers.Theirwedding(婚禮)was___21___totakeplaceonMarch21.Thecakeandflowerswere___22___butafterthegovernmentcommandedthatgatheringslargerthan10peoplebenotallowed,theydecidedto___23___theweddingtoobeythewarningofthegovernment.“Iwasreally____24____butwe'drathermakesureeveryoneis___25___,”Laysaid.Nowjustfivedaysawayfromherwedding,Laybegantotellhersuppliersabouther___26___.Ofallthesuppliers,she___27___wantedtoreachouttoherflorist(花商),AngelaMandigo,becausesheknewtheflowershadlikelyalready___28___inthestore,whichmeantthecompanywouldbe____29____money.Notwantingtheflowerstobe___30___,MandigosuggestedthatLay___31___theflowerstopeopleinthecommunitywhomayneed___32___.“Shewasso___33___theyweren'tgoingtobethrownaway,”Mandigosaid.“Iaskedherifwecoulddonatethemto___34___somebodyhappyandshesaid,'Ofcourse.'”“Itmakesmefeelalittlebetterthatthisterriblethinghashappened,butthatsomething___35___iscomingoutofit,”Laysaid.21.A.scheduled B.forced C.allowed D.persuaded22.A.late B.spare C.ready D.special23.A.hopefor B.preparefor C.putforward D.putoff24.A.troubled B.tired C.afraid D.nervous25.A.important B.safe C.free D.happy26.A.decision B.pain C.worry D.dream27.A.truly B.especially C.simply D.unwillingly28.A.died B.yellowed C.disappeared D.arrived29.A.losing B.collecting C.earning D.saving30.A.stolen B.pressed C.shared D.wasted31.A.sell B.lend C.give D.return32.A.makingup B.cheeringup C.pickingup D.catchingup33.A.sorry B.doubtful C.sure D.pleased34.A.find B.see C.make D.drive35.A.natural B.new C.kind D.funny【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.B28.D29.A30.D31.C32.B33.D34.C35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是當(dāng)KealiLay和JeffScheider的結(jié)婚的日子因?yàn)楣跔畈《径艿接绊憰r(shí)，他們決定將預(yù)定的鮮花送給社區(qū)里需要鼓勵(lì)的人，給他們帶來(lái)歡樂(lè)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的婚禮原定于3月21日舉行。A.scheduled預(yù)定；B.forced強(qiáng)迫；C.allowed允許；D.persuaded說(shuō)服。由“totakeplaceonMarch21”可知，婚禮原定于3月21日舉行，空格處是“預(yù)定”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：蛋糕和鮮花已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，但是在政府命令不允許10人以上的聚會(huì)后，他們決定推遲婚禮，服從政府的警告。A.late晚的；B.spare空閑的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.special特別的。由后文的“theflowershadlikelyalready____inthestore”可知，蛋糕和鮮花已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：蛋糕和鮮花已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，但是在政府命令不允許10人以上的聚會(huì)后，他們決定推遲婚禮，服從政府的警告。A.hopefor希望；B.preparefor為……準(zhǔn)備；C.putforward提出；D.putoff推遲。由上文的“thegovernmentcommandedthatgatheringslargerthan10peoplebenotallowed”可知，因?yàn)檎畈辉试S10人以上的聚會(huì)，所以他們決定推遲婚禮，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很不安，但我們更希望確保每個(gè)人都是安全的，”Lay說(shuō)。A.troubled不安的；B.tired累的；C.afraid害怕的；D.nervous緊張的。由“Iwasreally”可知，婚禮要推遲，Lay當(dāng)然感到不安，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很擔(dān)心，但我們更希望確保每個(gè)人都是安全的，”Lay說(shuō)。A.important重要的；B.safe安全的；C.free自由的；D.happy高興的。由“makesureeveryoneis”可知，政府不允許辦10人以上的聚會(huì)，是為了大家在疫情期間的安全，作者也是，故選B。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在離她的婚禮只有五天了，Lay開(kāi)始告訴她的供應(yīng)商她的決定。A.decision決定；B.pain疼痛；C.worry擔(dān)心；D.dream夢(mèng)想。由“tellhersuppliersabouther”可知，婚禮被推遲了，她得告訴供應(yīng)商她的決定，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在所有的供應(yīng)商中，她特別想聯(lián)系她的花商安吉拉·曼迪戈(AngelaMandigo)，因?yàn)樗栗r花很可能已經(jīng)到了店里，這意味著公司將會(huì)賠錢。A.truly真正地；B.especially特別；C.simply簡(jiǎn)單地；D.unwillingly不愿意地。由后文的“becausesheknewtheflowershadlikelyalready__8__inthestore,whichmeantthecompanywouldbe__9__money”可知，因?yàn)轷r花很可能已經(jīng)到了店里，這意味著公司將會(huì)賠錢，因此Lay特別想聯(lián)系花商，空格處是“特別地”，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在所有的供應(yīng)商中，她特別想聯(lián)系她的花商安吉拉·曼迪戈(AngelaMandigo)，因?yàn)樗栗r花很可能已經(jīng)到了店里，這意味著公司將會(huì)賠錢。A.died死亡；B.yellowed發(fā)黃；C.disappeared消失；D.arrived到達(dá)。由后文的“whichmeantthecompanywouldbe__9__money.”可知，花已經(jīng)到店里了，所以公司會(huì)賠錢，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在所有的供應(yīng)商中，她特別想聯(lián)系她的花商安吉拉·曼迪戈(AngelaMandigo)，因?yàn)樗栗r花很可能已經(jīng)到了店里，這意味著公司將會(huì)賠錢。A.losing失去；B.collecting收集；C.earning賺；D.saving節(jié)約。由“flowershadlikelyalready____inthestore”可知，鮮花一旦到了店里卻不用公司就會(huì)賠錢，因此空格處是“失去”，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：曼迪戈不希望這些花被浪費(fèi)掉，他建議Lay把花送給社區(qū)里可能需要鼓勵(lì)的人。A.stolen偷；B.pressed壓；C.shared分享；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。由后文的“theyweren'tgoingtobethrownaway”可知，花商建議Lay把花送給社區(qū)里的人，是為了不讓花被扔掉浪費(fèi)，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：曼迪戈不希望這些花被浪費(fèi)掉，他建議萊把花送給社區(qū)里可能需要鼓勵(lì)的人。A.sell賣；B.lend借；C.give給；D.return回來(lái)。由后文的“donatethem”可知，此處是指把花送給社區(qū)里可能需要鼓勵(lì)的人，因此空格處是“給”，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：曼迪戈不希望這些花被浪費(fèi)掉，他建議Lay把花送給社區(qū)里可能需要鼓勵(lì)的人。A.makingup編造；B.cheeringup鼓勵(lì)；C.pickingup撿起；D.catchingup追上。由“to____somebodyhappy”可知，他建議Lay把花送給需要鼓勵(lì)的人，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“她很高興它們不會(huì)被扔掉，”曼迪戈說(shuō)。A.sorry抱歉的；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.sure肯定的；D.pleased高興的。由“theyweren'tgoingtobethrownaway”可知，花不會(huì)被扔掉，因此Lay很高興，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我問(wèn)她我們是否可以把它們捐出去，讓別人開(kāi)心，她說(shuō)，‘當(dāng)然可以?！盇.find找到；B.see看見(jiàn)；C.make使；D.drive駕駛。由上文的“whomayneed__12__”可知，把花送給需要鼓勵(lì)的人，是讓別人開(kāi)心，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“這件可怕的事情發(fā)生了，這讓我感覺(jué)稍微好一些，但也帶來(lái)了一些善良的東西。”A.natural自然的；B.new新的；C.kind善良的；D.funny有趣的。由上文的“to__14__somebodyhappy”可知，他們送花讓別人開(kāi)心了，這是善良的事情，故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AfatherinHouston,TX,foundouthissonwasbeingbullied(虐待)atschooland___36___(successful)solvedtheproblembybefriendinghisson'sbully.AubreyFontenotsaidhissonJordan,8,hadbeencomplaining(抱怨)aboutabullyingatschool.Hetalkedtoschoolseveraltimes,butitkept____37____(happen).Later,Fontenotdiscoveredthathisson'sbullywasbeingbulliedbyotherchildrenatschoolbecausehedidn'thave___38___(attract)andcleanclothesorshoes.WhenFontenotspokewiththeboy'smother,whoallowedhimtoreachouttoherson,shetoldhim____39____familywashomelessandstruggling____40____(find)stability(穩(wěn)定)．Fontenottaughttheboyaboutself-respectinaspecialway;muchofhisday____41____(spend)withhiminplayingandchatting.Thensomethingwonderful____42____(appear).Theboytalkedalotwithhim.FontenotalsosetupameetingbetweentheboyandJordan.Bothoftheboysarenowfriends____43____playvideogamestogether.FontenotalsofoundedaGoFundMefortheboy'sfamily,____44____hasraisedmorethan$32,000inthepastfewmonths.Theboyandhisfamilyarevery____45____(thank)toFontenot.【答案】36.successfully37.happening38.attractive39.the40.tofind41.wasspent42.appeared43.and44.which45.thankful【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了一位父親得知自己的兒子被欺凌后，通過(guò)與欺凌者交朋友的方式解決了問(wèn)題?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：德克薩斯州休斯頓的一位父親發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子在學(xué)校受到欺凌，并通過(guò)與兒子的欺凌者交朋友成功地解決了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。動(dòng)詞so