湖北省荊州市2025屆高三六校第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷含解析

湖北省荊州市2025屆高三六校第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷注意事項1．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回．2．答題前，請務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號用0．5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置．3．請認真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準考證號與本人是否相符．4．作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)選項的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案．作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效．5．如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號等須加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Apublichealthcampaign_____thenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades．A．hadreduced B．hadbeenreducedC．hasreduced D．hasbeenreduced2．Shedidnotfeelabitnervousthoughitwasthefirsttimeshe___________inpublic.A．spoke B．havespokenC．hadspoken D．werespeaking3．—Vivien,youlookblue.What’swrong?—Therearesomanypapers_____.I’mreallybusyrecently.A．finishB．tofinishC．finishingD．finished4．Janerealizedher____tobecomethefirstwomantorunthe10,000metreswithin30minutes.A．a(chǎn)chievementB．commitmentC．competitionD．a(chǎn)mbition5．---Tomhasfailedagaininthemathexam.Iamreallyletdown.---______Hehasalreadydonehisbest. A．Don’tpushhim. B．Nokidding. C．Heshouldbetoblame. D．Nowonder.6．Recently,aprogrammercriticizedthe“996”workschedule______employeesworkfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweek,withtheprospectofendingupinanintensivecareunit.A．where B．when C．which D．whose7．Thetwopensarethesame,buttheredonecost_____________thatone.A．a(chǎn)smuchtwiceas B．twiceasmuchasC．muchastwiceas D．a(chǎn)stwicemuchas8．Lonelinessisafeeling_______peopleexperienceapowerfulrushofemptinessandsolitude.A．which B．where C．that D．how9．Someexpertsthink,________genes,intelligencealsodependsonanadequatediet,agoodeducationandanicehomeenvironment.A．insteadof B．exceptforC．a(chǎn)partfrom D．farfrom10．_____annoystheteachermostisthatallthestudentsaretooquietinclass.A．WhatB．ThatC．WhenD．Who11．Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim____hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice．A．that B．whatC．where D．which12．Johnlives________.Hehasaverysmallbudgetandlittlemoneytospendonclothes.A．intheblackB．onashoestringC．overthemoonD．a(chǎn)tthedropofahat13．Healwayskeepsaneyeonshortcomingsofhisbrother’s_________refusingtoadmithisownmistakes.A．butB．whileC．a(chǎn)lthoughD．though14．Wechatintendstoradicallychangetheway______peopleusemobilephones.A．/ B．which C．why D．who15．Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads________risingthesedays.A．waskeeping B．keepC．keeps D．werekeeping16．—Isthereahospitalnearby?Ihurtmyankle,andcannotmovenow.—It’sabout3blocksaway.I_____youthere.A．tookB．takeC．willtakeD．havetaken17．______thestudentswerehearingtheexcitingnews! A．Howhappily B．Whatafun C．Whatpleasure D．Howpleased18．---Ididreallywellintheexamination,LiKe.---Idid_________.Igotfullmark.A．noless B．notless C．notworse D．noworse19．Ihavenodoubtthathewillmakeit,butIwonder_____heisreallyreadyenough.A．what B．whyC．whether D．That20．—DidyoutakesideswhenMomandDadwerearguingagain?—No.I’velearnedthatit’sbest_______untilitblowsover.A．tocallitadayB．topulltheirlegsC．tositonthefenceD．towashmyhandsoff第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Oneofthebestwaystounderstandtheworldaroundusistostopandpickupabook.Herearesomebooksbyblackauthors,whichareshapingourconversationsaboutrace.TheHateUGivebyAngieThomasPublishdate:February28th2017ThenoveltellsthetaleofStarrCarter,a16-year-oldwhoistryingtogoingtoawhitehighschoolwithoutfeelinglikesheisabandoningherfriendsandfamilyinherblackneighborhood.ButwhenStarristhesolewitnesstoapoliceshootingofandunarmedblackteen,shemustdevelopthecouragetofindhervoiceandspeakoutagainstinjustice.ThisWillBeMyUndoingbyMorganJerkinsPublishdate:January302018Inherfirstbook,writerandjournalistMorganJerkinsdivesintowhatitmeanstoablackwomaninmodernsociety.ThroughessaysabouteverythingfromSailorMoontothe“BlackGirlMagic”movement,Jerkinsoutlineshowraceandwomen’srightscross.It’sdeliveredwiththesharpcriticismthathasmadeJerkinsamust-followvoiceintoday’smedialandscape.WeWereEightYearsInPowerbyTa-NehesiCoatesPublishdate:October3rd2017WeWereEightYearsInPowerisacollectionofCoates’sessayswrittenaboutrace,history,andpowerduringtheeightyearsofObama’spresidency.AcriticallookatraceintheU.S.,WewereEightYearsInPowersituatesthecurrentsocial,political,andculturalconversationswe’rehavingasacountrywithinthelargerwebofhistory,makingitamust-read.Don’tCallUsDeadAuthor:DanezSmithPublishdate:September5,2017DanezSmith’spoetrycollectionDon’tCallUsDeadisabreathtakinglookatbeingblack,beingqueerandlivingwithHIV,whentheworldseemsunfriendlytothoseidentities.Itwillleavereadersanger,sadnessandresolveasaresultofSmith’spoems.1、Whoisspeakingfortherightsofblackwomen?A．AngieThomas.B．MorganJerkinsC．Ta-NehisiCoatesD．DanezSmith2、WhichbookshouldbechosenifyouwanttolearnaboutObama?A．TheHateUGiveB．ThisWillBeMyUndoingC．WeWereEightYearsInPowerD．Don’tCallUsDead3、Whatdothesebookshaveincommon?A．Theywereallpublishedinthesame.B．Theyarecollectionsofessaysorpoems.C．Theyalldealwiththeproblemofblackrace.D．TheyareallrelatedtoAmericanmodernculture.22．（8分）VitaminDisessentialforbone-building,cognitivefunction,jointhealth,immunefunction,bloodsugarcontrol,positivemoodandmore.Itcanhelppreventmanydiseases.SomestudiessuggestthattheloweryourvitaminDlevelis,thehigheryourriskofdeathfromanycausewillbe.However,it'snotagreatideatojustgrabasupplement（補充物）offthedrugstoreshelfandstarttakingit.SincemanyofusaredeficientinvitaminD,alsoknownasthe"sunshinevitamin”,doctorswilloftengiveusaprescription（處方）forhighlevelsofvitaminDsupplements,withdosesrangingfrom2,000to10,000IU(InternationalUnits)perday,upto50,000IUperweek,andsometimesevenmore.Butlikeallgoodthings,it'spossibletogettoomuchofit."VerybigdosesofvitaminDcancauseabuild-upofcalciumintheblood,whichleadstonausea,vomiting,poorappetite,weakness,andweightloss,"saysMadelineBaslerofRealYouNutrition.Here'sthebiggerissue:anyextraintakeof,vitaminDcangetstoredinthebody."Abuild-upofstoredvitaminDcancauseavoidableproblems,"saysMarraFrancis,MedicalDirectoratEverlyWell,"leadingtoproblemssuchaskidneystones."Theaveragedailyrecommendedamountsvarybasedonyourage.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthsettheRecommendedDietaryAllowanceforvitaminDat600IUdailyforinfant,children,andadultsupto70yearsold.Adultsaged71andolderneed800IU,sincetheabilitytoabsorbvitaminDdropswithage.PeoplewhoareobesemayalsoneedmorevitaminDbecausethefatcellstakeitup,makingitlessavailableforusebythebody.Inwinterwhenyou'regettinglesssunexposure,someexpertssayit'ssafetotakedailydosesofaround1,000to2,000IUwithoutanyriskofcomplications（并發(fā)癥）.Thoughyou'llgetabitofvitaminDfromfoods—includingfattyfishbeefliver,cheese,eggyolksandmushrooms,plusfortifiedfoodslikemilk,orangejuice,andcereal—theamountsaresosmallthatthere'slittleneedtoworrythatthey’llputyouoverthedailydoes.1、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Wecanactuallyreducetheriskofdeath.B．Peopledon'treallyknowvitaminDwell.C．VitaminDsupplementsarenecessaryforeveryone.D．VitaminDshouldbesupplementedcarefullydespiteitsimportance.2、Theunderlinedpart"aredeficientin"inParagraph2probablymeans“”.A．havinganinadequateamountofB．payingmuchattentiontoC．beinginterestedinD．beingconcernedabout3、HowmuchvitaminDshouldahealthy60-year-oldladytakedailyinsummer?A．About800IU.B．About600IU.C．Nolessthan1,000IU.D．Nolessthan5,000IU.4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．WhatotherwayspeoplecantaketogetvitaminD．B．Whatfoodsweshouldeateverydaytobalanceourdiets.C．WhetherdailyfoodswouldoverdosepeoplewithvitaminD．D．WhethervitaminDcanbesupplementedbythefoodsweeat.23．（8分）ThereisaquotebyWilliamPurkey,awell-knownprofessorofeducation,thatgoes,“Dancelikenooneiswatching,lovelikeyou’llneverbehurt,singlikenooneislistening,andlivelikeit’sheavenonearth.”Iseemsliketheperfectlifephilosophy---andoneI’velearnedtoapplytorunningovertheyear.ButIdidn’talwaysfeelthisway.Inmyearlydays,whenIweighed240pounds,Iranlikeeveryonewaswatching---andjudging.IfIwasonarunandsawacarapproaching,I’dstopandpretendIwaslookingforsomethingI’dlostIboughtthehigh-techgearandclothesthatIthoughtwouldmakepeoplebelieveIwasarunner.AndIdidn’thaveaclueiftheexpensiveshoesIwaswearingweretherightkindforme---IjustwantedtolooklikeIfitinwiththisgroup.Tobehonest,Ifeltacertainsatisfactioninbelievingthatsomeonewaswatching.Ireallythoughtthatotherpeoplecaredaboutmyperformance.Thebestexampleofthiswasacombined,two-lapmarathoninFlorence,Italy.AsIapproachedthefinishingline,thecrowdbegantocheer.Iwassurprised.HereIwas,thousandsofmilesfromhome,andtheItalianswereshoutingfor“IIPenguino.”About20yardsfromthefinishing,thetruthsetinwhenthewinnerofthefullmarathonwentpastmeasIwasfinishingthehalf-marathon.Noonewascheeringforme.nooneprobablyevennoticedthatIwasfinishing.Icouldn’thelpbutsmileatmyownillusionofself-importance.That’swhenIrealizedIhadbeenrunningforeveryreasonexcepttherightone.Irantomakeotherpeoplehappy,rantoliveuptotheirexpectations.Butnoonewaswatching---noonecared.SoIdecidedIwasgoingtorunforme---justme---andgainedanewenjoymentfromthesportIhadn’ttrulyexperiencedyet.I’velearnedtorunlikenooneiswatching.Soifyouseemeatrace,andIlooklikea60-year-oldguywaddling(蹣跚)along,don’tworry.I’mfine.Themiracleisn’tthatIfinished.ThemiracleisthatIhadthecouragetostart.1、Thewriterbeginsheranecdoteby__________.A．tellingherrunningstoryB．explainingalifephilosophyC．listingsomeliferulesD．introducingaquotation2、Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatthewriter__________.A．usedsportsclothesandshoestoattractattentionB．wasconcernedaboutwhatothersthoughtofherC．likedtobethefocusotherrunnersD．struggledtofindtherightshoestofither3、Whenthewriterwasnearthefinishingline,____________.A．shesmiledatherownachievementB．thecrowdcheeredforhermadlyC．nobodyreallycaredaboutherrunningD．Sherealizedtheimportanceofconfidence4、Bytellingherownstory,thewriterwantedto___________.A．tellustolivealifeofourownB．inspiremorepeopletorunC．expectustoimproveourhealthbyrunningD．stresstheimportanceofdetermination24．（8分）Theoldtraditionalsayingaboutsleepingwithoneeyeopeninanunfamiliarplacemaynotbetoofaroffthemark.Overthecourseofthreeexperimentson35youngandhealthyvolunteers,researchersinanewstudymeasuredbrainactivityduringtwocontinuousnightsofsleep.Sasakiandcolleaguesperformedaseriesoflabtestsbystimulatingtheleftandthentherighthemisphere(大腦的半球)withsounds.Onthesecondnight,therewasn’tanydifferenceinreactionstotestsbetweentheleftandrighthemispheres,evenduringdeepsleep.Thissuggeststhatthereisafirst-night-onlyeffectspecificallyinonehemisphereofthebrainduringdeepsleep,theauthorsconclude.Thewayparticipantsrespondedtothesleeplabtestspointstothepotentialforthebraintobeonhighalertfordangerduringthefirstnightinunfamiliarsurroundings.Whilethismaybebadnewsforbusinesstravelerswhoregularlymakebriefovernighttrips,itmaynotbeastroublesomeforpeoplewhogoawayforlongerperiodsoftime,Sasakiaddedbyemail.“Frequenttravelmayleadtounrestfulsleep,”Sasakisaid.“Butifyoustayforafewdaysatthesameplace,yoursleepmightcatchup.”Somebirdshavebeenfoundtoactuallysleepwithoneeyeopenandonesideofthebrainawakewhenthey’reinadangeroussetting,andsomemarinemammalshavesimilarabilities,theauthorsnote.Butthenewstudyfocusesonhealthyvolunteersbutnotpeoplewithinsomniaorothersleepdisorders,theauthorsnote.“Theclinicalimplicationshaven’tbeenconfirmedatthemoment,”Finan,apsychiatry（精神醫(yī)學(xué)）andbehavioralhealthresearchersaid.“However,thelevelofspecificityprovidedbytheseanalysescouldbeanimportantfirststepinunderstandingwhatsleepdisorderslikeinsomnia(失眠)arisefrom,whichisthoughttobedriveninmanypatientsbycontinuinghavingalotofworries.”1、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“maynotbetoofaroffthemark”inParagraph1mean?A．MaymakesenseB．Mayberidiculous.C．MaycauseargumentsD．Maybedisturbing.2、WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A．Peopleareusedtowakingupandgoingtobedearlywhentravelling.B．Businesstravelersusuallyhaveabriefsleepatnight.C．Itbringsmuchtroubletothosewhostayfarawayfromtheirhomes.D．Ittakestimeforpeopletoadaptthemselvestoanewenvironment.3、AccordingtoFinan,thestudyishelpfulin________.A．findingouttherootcauseofsleepdisordersB．tellingtheeffectofworriesonsleepdisordersC．comfortingasmanypatientswithsleepdisordersaspossibleD．offeringwaystofreethepatientsfromthesufferingofsleepdisorders25．（10分）It'shair-raisingnewsforcriminalsontherun.Scientistsbehindanewstudyhaveworkedouthowtoidentifyindividualsonlybasedontheproteins(蛋白質(zhì))inasinglestrandoftheirhair.WhilethepolicealreadylookatDNAfromhairaspartofinvestigations,thetechniqueisfarfromideal:DNAiseasilydegradable,meaningitcanonlybeanalyzedwithinacertaintimeperiodafterthecrime.Butthenewtechniquecouldevenbeusedtosolvehistoricalorarchaeologicalcases,makingitfarsuperiortoDNAsequencinginmanyways.DNAdegradationdependsonseveralenvironmentalfactorsincludingtemperature,humidityandPH.Itisalsoaffectedbytheactivityofbacteriaandothermicroorganisms.Incontrast,actualhairscansurviveforalongtime-----sometimescenturies.Afterbonesandteeth,hairisinfactoneofthemostresistantstructuresofthehumanbody.Inordertounderstandhowtheproteincanbeusedtoidentifyindividuals,itisimportanttounderstandmatproteinsarecodedbyDNA．Thismeansthatacertainlevelofthegeneticvariationthatweseeindifferentpeople'sDNApassesintotheirproteins.Infact,geneticinformationintheDNAistranslatedintoamino-acidchainsthatmakeupproteins.Themethodnotonlyallowsforhumanidentificationbutitcanalsorevealhowoldthesampleisandwhatregionitcomesfrom,sothatwecandistinguishbetweencurrentandancientsamples.Butwhilethediscoveryisexciting,thetechniqueisnotquitepolishedenoughtobeusedinthecourtroom.Themaintasknowwillbetoanalyzehairsamplesfromallovertheworld,whichwillmakeitalotmorereliable.Thenewdiscoverywillboostthesignificanceofhairasevidenceincourts,atatimewhensomeforensic(司法鑒定的)disciplineshavebeencriticizedintheUS.Itwillalsobeofgreatuseinarchaeology.1、What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．DNAevidenceisfarfromideal.B．Criminalsontherungethair-raisingnews.C．Scientistsareplanningatestofhumanhair.D．Humanscanbeidentifiedbyproteinsinhair.2、Whichevidenceismorereliableforthepolicetoidentifyacriminal?A．Lostteeth.B．Thefootprint.C．Personalbelongings.D．DamagedDNA．3、InwhatwayisthenewtechniquesuperiortoDNAtest?A．Servingasevidenceincourts.B．Possessinggeneticinformation.C．Inferringtheheightofaperson.D．Distinguishingtheregionofaperson.4、Whatwillscientistsdointhefollowingfewyears?A．Testhairsamplesworldwide.B．Legalizethehairevidence.C．Applyprotein-testtoarchaeology.D．MapthestructureofDNA．5、Whowillwelcomethediscovery?A．Criminals.B．Employers.C．Hairdressers.D．Archaeologists.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）EverytimeShellyandherfriendsgoouttodinner,theyplaysomethingcalledthe“phonepile”game.Uponenteringtheprivateroom,everyoneplacestheir1Ontheteatable;whoevercheckstheirdevicebeforethebillarrives2fordinner.Thisgamewasfirstplayedaboutoneyearago,whenLily,thestarter,foundthatshehadtrouble3hermobilephoneaftershegothomefromwork.Soshe4puttingherphoneintoasmallcontainerthemomentshewalkedin.Itwouldremainthereuntilafterdinner.ThesimilartechniquewascarriedoutbyHolly,whodidn't5tosleepclosetoabeepingphone.Soshe6computersandphonesinherbedroom-aruleshe7inherWeChatfriendscircle.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,smartphones8toimpactourlives,andwearabledeviceslikeGoogleGlass9Ourindividualspaceevenfurther.Thusoverburdenedusersarecreatingtheirowndevice-freezones.Thesedisconnecting-10areimprovingtheirlives."Disconnectingissomethingthatweall11,"saidShelly."Theexpectationthatwemustalwaysbe12toeveryonecreatesarealproblemintryingto13privatetime.Butthatprivatetimeismoreimportantthanever."Ausefulmethodfor14istochooseamilktinforyourcellphone,justlikeLilydoes."15myphoneislightingup,it'sstilladistraction（分心的事物），soitgoesinthe16,"shesaid.Otherschoosenew17."Noscreensafter11p.m."saidAriMelber,aTVhost."Noweveningsaremore18andIamsleepingbetter."Sleepisabigfactor,whichiswhysome19toleavetheirphonesoutoftheirbedrooms.Tothesepeople,it20isahead-clearer.1、A．walletsB．handbagsC．phonesD．watches2、A．waitsB．paysC．preparesD．look3、A．ignoringB．checkingC．chargingD．finding4、A．a(chǎn)dvisedB．forgotC．stoppedD．began5、A．hateB．a(chǎn)rrangeC．wantD．promise6、A．lostB．bannedC．collectedD．a(chǎn)djusted7、A．sharedB．a(chǎn)greedC．talkedD．provided8、A．intendB．chooseC．happenD．continue9、A．threatenB．defendC．improveD．use10、A．tricksB．beliefsC．waysD．guesses11、A．needB．a(chǎn)voidC．discoverD．learn12、A．dependableB．a(chǎn)ttractiveC．convenientD．a(chǎn)vailable13、A．putoutB．setasideC．turndownD．cutoff14、A．connectingB．distributingC．disconnectingD．entertaining15、A．UnlessB．AlthoughC．UntilD．When16、A．roomB．pocketC．bagD．box17、A．rulesB．ordersC．stepsD．games18、A．flexibleB．relaxingC．urgentD．upsetting19、A．a(chǎn)dmitB．refuseC．preferD．try20、A．nearlyB．definitelyC．finallyD．hardly第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Therearealotoffamouswomenof1．(achieve)intheworld.Theyalldo2．(good)intheirwork,suchasLinQiaozhi,JaneGoodallandSongQingling.Thereisnodoubtthattheyarerealheroinesandworth3．(praise).Butinmyopinion,allhealthyhumanshavetheabilitytodothat.Itjustdependson4．youhavethedeterminationtodoitandwhetherthesituationisinyourfavor.ButneverbeforehaveI5．(admire)apersonsomuchasHelenKeller,whoIjustreadabout.Shewasa(n)6．(luck)girlwhocouldneitherhear7．see.Ijustcan’timaginehowshecouldbesosuccessful.8．Ireallydon’tbelieveisthatadeaf-blindladycouldbecomeaworld-famouswriter.Shemusthavemetgreatdifficultiesandshemusthavemadegreatefforts!IfIwere9．(she),Iwouldn’thavethecouragetoliveon.Itisbyhercourage,imaginationandintelligence10．Iwasstruck.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Therearemanyhurricanesoccuraroundtheworldeveryyear.Knowingwhattododuringahurricaneisofgreatimportanttosurvive.Listeningtotheweatherforecastsothatyouknowwhenahurricaneiscoming.Ifahurricanewarningisissued,stopdoingwhateveryou’rebusywith,whichisalwaysthemostefficientwaytoavoidcaughtinahurricane.Ifyouwerewalkingoutside,stopandfindashelterunderwhichcanprotectyoufromahurricane.Ifyouareinyourcarwhenahurricanecomes,remaininitandturnon