高中英語(yǔ)單詞天天記rough素材

PAGEPAGE1·rough·v.

[r?f](roughs;roughed;roughing)·

·雙說(shuō)明義·vt.

使粗糙

makeuntidyoruneven·vt.

過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活

livewithouttheusualcomfortsandconveniencesoflife·基本要點(diǎn)

1.rough的基本意思是“使粗糙”,多指使質(zhì)料不精細(xì)或使之不光滑。引申可表示“過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活”。2.rough通常只用作及物動(dòng)詞,接名詞、代詞作賓語(yǔ)?！ぴ~匯搭配

～+名詞roughone'shair

弄亂頭發(fā)～+副詞roughcuriously

新奇地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughdreadfully

非比尋常地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughextremely

極端地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughpleasantly

開(kāi)心地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughstiffly

極度地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughuncomfortably

不自由地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughuncommonly

不平凡地過(guò)簡(jiǎn)陋的生活roughin

畫…的輪廓roughout

作出,寫出·常用短語(yǔ)

roughin(v.+adv.)畫…的輪廓putinafewpracticelinesinadrawing▲roughsth?inI'lljustroughintheshapeoftheheadandyoucanpainttheskyroundit.我先把頭像的輪廓畫出來(lái),你再給四周的天空涂色。roughout(v.+adv.)作出,寫出makeafirstplanofadrawingorpieceofwriting▲roughsth?outI'lljustroughoutthewholepictureandyoucandothedetails.這幅畫讓我先大致畫出整個(gè)布局,你再加上細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)?！ぞ湫屠?/p>

用作及物動(dòng)詞▲S+～+n./pron.Don'troughmyhair.別弄亂我的頭發(fā)。Theexplorershadtoroughitwhentheygotintothejungle.那些探險(xiǎn)家進(jìn)入?yún)擦趾?不得不過(guò)著艱苦的生活。Livinginatentisnotforme,Idon'tlikeroughingit.住在帳篷里不合適,我不喜愛(ài)過(guò)艱苦的生活。

用于be～ed結(jié)構(gòu)Satinisveryeasilyroughed.緞子很簡(jiǎn)單起毛?！ぱa(bǔ)充資料

［派生詞］roughly

adv.粗略地；大體上；大致上;粗暴地；粗魯?shù)?粗略地；粗亂地；隨意地

［同義詞］

adj.

coarse,rigorous,irregular,violent,uneven,unsmooth

v.

calm,upset［反義詞］

adj.

smooth,refined［詞源］

＜拉丁語(yǔ)ruga(皺紋)··rough·adj.

[r?f](rougher;roughest)·

·雙說(shuō)明義·

粗糙的

havinganunevensurface;notsmooth·

粗野的,粗暴的

showingalackofgentleness,goodmanners,orconsiderationetc.·

混亂的,暴亂的,熱鬧的

notgentleortuneful·

艱難的,不開(kāi)心的

unfortunateandunfair;unwell·

粗略的,大致的

doneormadewithoutattentiontodｅtailorexactness;approximate·

未加工的,粗制的

notdelicateorcomfortable;simple·

狂暴的,洶涌的

stormyandviolent;notcalm·基本要點(diǎn)

1.rough指表面看起來(lái)或摸上去不平整的東西,用于產(chǎn)品時(shí)則表示未經(jīng)打磨的,還可引申為“(言行)粗野的”“(質(zhì)量)粗劣的”“(作品)未經(jīng)潤(rùn)色的”“(境況)艱難的”等意思。2.rough可用very修飾。·詞匯搭配

～+名詞roughroad

坎坷的道路roughsea

狂暴的大海roughtime

辛酸時(shí)期roughweather

惡劣的天氣～+介詞roughon

對(duì)…粗暴的·常用短語(yǔ)

givetheroughsideofone'stongue對(duì)某人說(shuō)出不客氣的話showalackofgentleness,goodmannerstosb

▲givesbtheroughsideofone'stongueIhadtogivehimtheroughsideofmytonguetoshowmyindignation.我不得不狠狠地罵他一頓來(lái)出這口氣。·句型例句

用作定語(yǔ)▲～+n.

Thecathadaroughtongue.貓的舌頭表面很粗糙。Theyknockedtogetheraroughboxwithwoodenboards.他們用木板草草地做成了一個(gè)粗糙的箱子。Hetooksomenailsandbitsofwood,andbuiltthemintoaroughcupboard.他拿了釘子和木頭,做了一個(gè)粗糙的食品櫥。Inthedarkourjeepbumpedalongtheroughmountainroad.黑夜里我們的吉普車在坎坷的山路上顛簸。ThePoet'sroughlifecontrastswithhissensitivepoetry.這個(gè)詩(shī)人的豪放生活與他纏綿悱惻的詩(shī)篇形成顯明的比照。Wehadratheraroughtime.我們經(jīng)驗(yàn)了一段艱苦的日子。Itisaroughidea.那僅僅是個(gè)初步的想法。It'sjustaroughdrawing.這只是一張草圖。Itwasaroughbutplentifuldinnerwitharoughcountrywine.這盡管是一頓粗茶淡飯,但很豐富,而且還輔以鄉(xiāng)間釀制的土酒。It'sjustaveryroughtranslation.這只是一個(gè)特別粗糙的譯稿。IfyougivemetheroughdraftofyourarticleI'lllickitintoshapeforyou.假如你愿把文章的草稿給我,我會(huì)為你把它修改得像樣一些的。Hefilesawaytheroughedges.他把粗毛邊銼去。Hewearsaroughlinenshirtandwhiteshortpants.他穿著粗亞麻布襯衣和白色短褲。Asthejewelwasintheroughstate,hehadnoideawhatsizeitwouldbewhencut.這塊寶石未經(jīng)琢磨,他不知道加工后有多大。Theship-wreckedsailorswereabletofitaroughsheltertogetherfrombuildingmaterialsthattheyfoundontheisland.這些落難的水手在島上找到一些建筑材料搭了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)陋的房子。Woulditbewisetolaunchintothisroughsea?到這樣洶涌的大海中游泳明智嗎?Theshipwasbadlyknockedaboutbyaroughsea.船被巨浪顛簸得很厲害。用作表語(yǔ)▲S+be+～

Thispaperfeelsrough.這紙摸起來(lái)是粗糙的。IthinkJoneshastendedtogetjustalittlerough.我覺(jué)得瓊斯變得有點(diǎn)粗魯了。Hisreplywasabitrough.他的答復(fù)過(guò)于粗魯了一點(diǎn)。Shouldtheweatherberough,wewon'tbeabletogoriding.萬(wàn)一是狂風(fēng)暴雨的天氣,我們就不能去騎馬。Thewaterwasroughand,despiteourlowspeed,weweredrenchedbyspray.水上風(fēng)浪很大,盡管我們的航速不快,飛濺的浪花仍濕透了我們的全身。Thetripwasrough.這次旅行很艱苦。Thingsareroughallover.狀況特別困難?！鳶+be+～+prep.-phrase

Sheisroughinspeech.她說(shuō)話粗魯。Heisroughinmanner.他的舉止不文靜。It'sratherroughonhim,havingtoworkwhenotherpeopleareonholiday.其他人度假時(shí)他得工作,他真倒霉。You'vebeenprettyroughonthechildren.你對(duì)孩子的看法太粗暴了。Don'tbesoroughwiththechild.對(duì)小孩不要這樣粗暴。Herhandsareroughwithhardwork.她的手因干粗活而變得很粗糙?！鳶+be+～+to-v

Thispaperistooroughtowriteon.這種紙?zhí)植?不能寫字?！ぴ~語(yǔ)辨異

rough,coarse,harsh,rude這組詞的共同意思是“粗魯?shù)摹薄按植诘摹薄Ｆ鋮^(qū)分在于：1.rough強(qiáng)調(diào)言行是粗魯?shù)?。例?Manyaroughmanhasbeencivilizedbyhiswife.很多粗野的男人都被妻子教好了。Don'tbesoroughwiththechild.不要對(duì)小孩這樣粗暴。Hismannersareveryrough.他的舉止特別無(wú)禮。2.rude強(qiáng)調(diào)其源于教化差、文化低。例如:It'srudetopeep.偷看別人是不禮貌的。Hewasseverelyreproachedforhisrudebehaviour.他因行為粗魯而受到嚴(yán)厲指責(zé)。AllofuswereastonishedthatMr.Whitewassorudetohim.懷特先生對(duì)他如此無(wú)禮,使我們都感到驚異。3.coarse則強(qiáng)調(diào)由于粗魯而引起的厭惡心理。例如:Heiscoarseinmanner.他舉止粗魯。It'sacoarsejoke.這是個(gè)粗俗的玩笑。Sheusedtobecoarseofspeech.她過(guò)去說(shuō)話很粗魯。4.harsh側(cè)重于指給人以感官上的粗糙、不和諧的感覺(jué)。例如:Thecolourisveryharsh.那顏色很刺眼。Theclothisharshtothetouch.這塊布料摸上去很粗糙。Thenoiseisharshtotheear.那噪聲很刺耳。Thesurfaceofthetableisveryharsh.那張桌子的表面特別粗糙?！ふ`會(huì)析

他們用那種粗暴無(wú)禮的看法頂撞我,我可受不了。［誤］

Iwon'thavethemanswermebackinthatroughmanner.［正］

Iwon'thavethemanswermebackinthatrudemanner.裁判員警告運(yùn)動(dòng)員們不要粗魯。［誤］

Therefereewarnedtheplayersnottobesorude.［正］

Therefereewarnedtheplayersnottobesorough.［析］

rough強(qiáng)調(diào)粗魯?shù)难孕胁粔蛭撵o;而rude強(qiáng)調(diào)其源于教化差、文化低?！ぁough·adv.

[r?f](rougher;roughest)·

·雙說(shuō)明義·

簡(jiǎn)陋地

inuncomfortablecondition·

粗暴地

usingforce·

大致地

notinagentleway·基本要點(diǎn)

1.rough用作副詞時(shí)意思是“簡(jiǎn)陋地”,引申可指“粗暴地”“大致地”。2.rough在句中主要用作狀語(yǔ)。

·常用短語(yǔ)

playrough粗暴地做dosthinthewaythatisnotinagentleway;dosthinthewaythatusedforceShouldtheydecidetoplayrough,wecouldtakeasavageturn.萬(wàn)一他們進(jìn)行粗暴干預(yù)的話,那么我們可能會(huì)實(shí)行不客氣的行動(dòng)?！ぞ湫屠?/p>

用作狀語(yǔ)Icanliveroughforabitinthecountryside.在農(nóng)村我的生活可隨意一些。Don't