考博英語模擬試卷222

考博英語模擬試卷222

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Ishouldbeabletofinishthetaskontime,youprovidemewiththenecessary

guidance.

A、incase

B>providedthat

C、orelse

D^asif

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：incase萬一；providedthat只要;orelse否則，耍不然；asif好像。

根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選Bo

2、Thepriestmadetheofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.

A、mark

signal

C、sign

D、gesture

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:四個(gè)詞中,只有sign可與“cross（十字）”搭配。idl：toconsecratewith

thesignofthecross劃十字祝福。

3、Farmersoftenusewaterbuffalotohelptheminthefields.

A、paddle

B、paddy

C、pagoda

D、pagan

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：paddy"水稻生長的地方”符合題意；paddle槳；pagoda寶塔；pagan異

教徒。

4、Despitethefactthattheywerewhentheymarried,alter30yearstheylive

togetherharmoniously.

contradictory

B、incompatible

C、contrary

D、compatible

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句意：盡管他們結(jié)婚時(shí)合不來，但30年后他們卻相處得很和諧。

incompatible不調(diào)和的。contradictory反對的。contrary相反的。compatible協(xié)調(diào)

的。

5、Thefriendwasexposedintheendtobehiddenrivalwhohadbeenplotting

againstthecompany'smarketinginHongKong.

A、professed

B、announced

C^exclaimed

D、declared

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

6、Theoldcoupledecidedtoaboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenof

theirown.

A、adapt

bring

C^receive

D、adopt

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A項(xiàng)adapt意為?“使適應(yīng)，改編，改寫“；B項(xiàng)bring意為“帶來，引

起”；C項(xiàng)receive意為“收到”；D項(xiàng)adopi意為“采納，收養(yǎng)”。

7、Ayearhasandthereisnosignofthesituationgettinganybetter.

A、emerged

B、enclosed

C^clasped

D、expired

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：emerge出現(xiàn)；enclose圍住，封在...之中；clasp扣緊，緊握；

expire期滿，結(jié)束。

8、Doctoroftenuneasinessinthepeopletheydealwith.

A、smell

B、hare

C、sense

D、tough

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：smell”嗅,聞到，散發(fā)“hare"野兔”；

sense”感到，理解，認(rèn)識(shí)“；tough“忍耐，堅(jiān)持工根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)該選擇C。

9、Heisaverycharacter;heisneverrelaxedwithstrangers.

A、self-confident

B>self-conscious

C^self-evident

D^self-serving

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

10>Therainwasveryheavyandthelandwasflooded.

A、consequently

continuously

C、constantly

D、consistently

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：consequently所以，因而。continuously繼續(xù)地，連續(xù)地。constantly

恒定不變的，固定的，穩(wěn)定的。consisiemly一貫，始終如一地。

11、Thesmallnationsurvivedthewarbyitselftooneofthesuperpowers.

A、devoting

B、indulging

C、affiliating

D、acclaiming

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

12NNepalisacountryincentralAsiathatislandlockedandbytheHimalayas.

A、secluded

B、bordered

C、integrated

D、opened

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格處是說與喜馬拉雅山脈接壤。bordered“接壤”。其他三項(xiàng)

secluded”使（尤指自己）與他人隔離，隱居"；integrated“結(jié)合”;opened“公開”都不正

確。

13、Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere.

A、illegible

indelible

C、illegitimate

D、inscrutable

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：illegible難以辨認(rèn)的；indelible難忘的，持久的；illegilimate不合理

的，非法的；inscnnable難以理解的，不可思議的。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A。

14、Thisprogramwilllakekidswhohaveamanifeslhistoryofviolentacts.

A^determined

demonstrated

C、administrated

D、distinguished

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:本題中，manifest的意思是“顯然的,明白的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,

demonstrated的意思是“明顯的”;determined的意思是“堅(jiān)決的，決定了的”;

administrated的意思是“被管理的，支配的、'；distinguished的意思是“卓著的，著名

的，高貴的只有B符合題意。

15>Youcancomewithmetothemuseumthisafternoonyoudon'tmind

walkingforhalfanhour.

A、unless

B、sofaras

C>except

D、if

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；句意為“如果你不介意走半個(gè)小時(shí)路的話，你今天下午就跟我一塊去

博物館吧?！笨芍獮镈,其余三項(xiàng)均不通。

16、Igotanewbatteryformyrecorderonlylastweek,butitseemstohave

already.

A、wornout

B、rundown

C^knockedoff

D、goneoff

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本句是說我上周剛給收音機(jī)買了一塊新電池，但現(xiàn)在電似乎已經(jīng)用完

了。rundown意為“用完”，符合句意。其他三項(xiàng)“wearout穿破，用壞，疲勞；

knockoff撞倒,敲掉;gooff去世，消失''都不正確。

17、Theweathermanbroadcaststheintemperaturetwiceaday.

A、diversion

B、variety

C^variation

D^modification

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：variation變異，變化；diversion轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)向；variety種類；

modification修改，修飾。句意：天氣預(yù)報(bào)員每天兩次播報(bào)溫度變化。

18、HesaidthemostunusualaspectoftheMexicantrialwasthatthe12teenagerswere

notgivenanydragstosuppresstheirimmunesystems,wouldnormallydestroy

anycellsfromotheranimals.

A、atwhich

B、which

C、towhich

D^as

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

19、Bycomputation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthim

$2,000.

A、coarse

rude

C、crude

D、rough

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：byroughcomputationcoarse粗糙的，粗鄙的；rude粗魯

的：cnide天然的，未加T的,拙劣的八

20、Vastherdsoflargegameanimalsonceroamedtheplainsofwhatisnowthestateof

Kansas.

A、wandered

B、inhabited

CNgrazed

D、populated

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這句話的意思是：成群的大型動(dòng)物曾經(jīng)——過去是平原的堪薩斯州。

在給出的選項(xiàng)中，wander”游蕩，徘徊"；inhabit”居住，棲息”；graze“吃草，輕

擦”;populate"居住于"。正確答案是A。

21Ifyoutakea(n)courselikeheryoucanlearnEnglishinlessthantwoyears.

A、intensive

extensive

C、expansive

D、retentive

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；本題前半句是說如果你像她一樣選修強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練課。A項(xiàng)“intensive加

強(qiáng)的，密集的‘'符合題意。如：Inlensivecareinhospilalsisgivenloiheseriously

ill.(在醫(yī)院里危重病人得到悉心護(hù)理/加強(qiáng)護(hù)理。)其他三項(xiàng)“extensive廣泛的；

expansive廣闊的，豪華的；retentive有保持力的”都不正確。

22、“Thisparkhasmorethan200waterfallsthatare5feetorhigher.And50ofthem

haveneverbeenmappedorphotographed,'*saysparkhistorianLeeWhittlesey.MNow

thal'satothesizeofYellowstone."

A、proposition

B、hypothesis

C、ceremony

D、testimony

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題是說還有150處瀑布沒有被測繪或拍攝，現(xiàn)已向公園提出了這一

建議。A項(xiàng)"proposition建議，主張”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)"hypothesis假設(shè)；

ceremony儀太；［estimeny證詞，證據(jù)”都不正確。

23、TheChinesegovernmentisdeterminedtogotheestablishedpolicyof

developingagriculture.

A、after

B、on

C^ahead

D、by

標(biāo)推答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：goby的意思是“遵循"。goafter追求；goon(doingsomething)繼續(xù)(干

某事)；goahead繼續(xù)，均與本句的意思不符合。

24、Sheaccidentallyswallowedthepoisonanddeathwas.

A、instantaneous

B、simultaneous

C、symmetrical

D、insufficient

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：(instantaneous瞬間的,即刻的)。句意為:她誤吞毒藥，死亡在即。

B.simultaneous同時(shí)存在的，同時(shí)發(fā)生的；C.symmetrical對稱的，勻稱的；

D.insuf行cienl不夠的,無能的。

25、Theconnoisseurs'opinionsdifferedgreatlyastothequestionwhetherthepictureon

showwasa(n)Picassopainting.

A、explicit

B、reliable

C>stringent

D、authentic

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：authentic真實(shí)的，真正的；explicit清楚的，直率的：reliable可靠

的，可信的；stringent嚴(yán)厲的，迫切的。

26、ThehasleftfortheAntarcticanditwillcomebackinsixmonths.

A、expedition

execution

C、exploration

D、delegation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A.expedition遠(yuǎn)征隊(duì)，探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)。B.execution強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行；執(zhí)行命令。

C.exploration勘探,探測。D.delegation委派，派遣，代表團(tuán)。

27>Ithebottletopiecesagainsttherock.

A、splashed

smashed

C^fractured

D、cracked

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：B.smashsth.against使撞上某物。A.splash濺起,濺落。

C.fraclure使折斷，破碎。D.crackslhon/againsl猛擊某物。

28、Alltheireffortstosolvetheproblemprovedfutile.

A、useless

B、undesirable

C、unnecessary

D、worthless

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A.useless無用的無價(jià)值的；B.undesirable不合乎社會(huì)道德標(biāo)格

的，不受歡迎的；C.unnecessary不必要的，多余的；D.worthless無價(jià)值的，無

足輕重的。

29、Despiteeffortsbythefinanceminister,inflationroseto36points.

A、absurd

B、grimy

C、valiant

D、fraudulent

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，absurd意為“不合理的，荒謬的，可笑的，愚蠢

的"：grimy意為“污穢的”;valiant意為“勇敢的，英勇的"：fraudulent意為“欺詐

的，欺騙的”。句意是，盡管財(cái)政部長做了無畏的努力，但通貨膨脹仍然上升到J

36點(diǎn)。所以正確答案是C項(xiàng),如HemadeavaliantattempttorescuethechiId（他勇敢

地試著去救那孩子）。

30、U.S.SecretaryofStateRiceathree-daytriptotheMiddleEastwithan

agreementfromIsraeliandPalestinianleaderstoholdmeetingseverytwoweeks.

A^endedup

B、wrappedup

C^roundedup

D^summedup

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句子大意：美國國務(wù)卿賴斯——為期三天的中東之行，與以色列領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

人和巴勒斯坦領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人達(dá)成協(xié)議，每兩周舉行一次會(huì)談。分析各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，找出符合句

意的項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)ended叩”結(jié)束，告終”；B項(xiàng)wrappedup"收拾好,蓋好；結(jié)束”；C

項(xiàng)roundedup“圍捕，趕攏，使...集攏”：D項(xiàng)summedup"總結(jié)，概述，計(jì)算...

的總數(shù)將各選項(xiàng)代人，只有B項(xiàng)符合題意，因此本題選擇B。A項(xiàng)干擾最大，

但是必須是endupwith后面才能接名詞。

二、閱讀理解(本題共720題，每題7.0分，共72。

分。)

Duringthesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury,intheUnitedStates,boththestimulus

toproducelandscapeartandthesubjectoflandscapealteredappreciablyasthepressure

ofeventssurroundingtheCivilWarwitnessedtheemergenceofanewnational

consciousness.Itwasatimewhencertainfundamentalreligiousbeliefswereassaultedby

newscientifictheoryandwhennewcriticalwriting,particularlythoseofJohnRuskin,

exercisedanimportantinfluenceonart.ThelandscapepaintingfromtheGanzcollection

provideanopportunitytoexaminetheshiftsintasteandthepluralitiesofstylethat

characterizedAmericanlandscapepainting,especiallyinthelatterpartofthecentury.In

theearlyyearsofthenineteenthcenturyAmericanlandscapewascloselyassociatedwith

therepublicanidealsofthenewnationandtookonsignificanceinthepopular

imaginationasaformofnationalpropaganda.Landscapepaintingwasconceivedofasa

vehicleforthepresentationofthenewrepublic'suniquehistoricalandmoralpositionin

worldhistory.ThispositionwassupportedbyThomasCole,thedeanoftheHudson

RiverSchool,andwasbasedonareligiousinterpretationofwildernessthemes.Whilethe

Americanconcernforthefoundingofaschoolofhistoricallandscapewasmostassertive

inthefirsthalfofthecenturyandwasconfirmedinsuchgrandlyambitiouspaintingsas

Cafe'sfamousinstructivemoraloneportrayingtheCOURSEOFEMPIRE,theinterestin

creatinganationalartbasedonAmericannaturecontinuedtoinfluencetheformal

evolutionoflandscapepainting.(252words)

31、Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章第一段第一句和第二段第一句的時(shí)間倒敘，以及全文的最后半

句，我們VI以判斷答案為“美國風(fēng)景畫的發(fā)展歷程”，

32、Whatphenomenondoestheauthormentionasoccurringatthetimeofthe

CivilWar?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第一段第一句“在19世紀(jì)后半葉的美國，隨著內(nèi)戰(zhàn)種種事件的發(fā)

生，嶄新的民族意識(shí)開始出現(xiàn)，促進(jìn)風(fēng)景畫制作的因素和風(fēng)景畫的主題也硝硝地有

所改變所以說新的民族意識(shí)是在19世紀(jì)產(chǎn)生的，故選D。

33、Accordingtotheauthor,whyistheGanzcollectionsignificant?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：文章第一段說，Ganz的組畫是美國風(fēng)景畫的代表.而我們可以從中

看出美國風(fēng)景畫在趣味和風(fēng)格方面的變化。A“它反映美國風(fēng)景畫的變化”符臺(tái)該句

子的意思。

34、Accordingtotheauthor,landscapepaintingearlyinthenineteenthcenturywasused

to.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析：從第二段第一句話中可以得知C“表現(xiàn)和強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)新的民族的誕生”是

正確的。

35、Whatdoestheword"assaulted"(Line4,Para.1)mean?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：assaulted相當(dāng)于attacked"抨擊”之意。

Dr.JeremyJosephvolunteeredtoperforincataractsurgeryonpatientsinZimbabwein

1995,andparticipatedinhisfirstexpeditionforSEEInternational(SurgicalEye

Expeditions).ThisLondon-basedophthalmologistknewtoexpecthundredsofpatients

prematurelyblindedbycataracts;theirconditioncompoundedbypoorfacilitiesandlack

ofmedication.Whathehadnotanticipatedwasthepowerfulimpactthisexperience

wouldhaveonhisownlife."MyworkwithSEEInternationalischallengingand

inspiring;verymuchatwo-wayprocess/saysDr.Joseph.'"Ihavegainedjustasmuch

frommyexperienceasIhavegivenback.Manyofthecasesarenotordinarycataracts.

Patientsareoftenyoungwithtraumaticcataracts,ortheyareoldwithcomplexcataracts.

I'vehadtolearntooperateinlessthanidealcircumstances,wherethewaterorelectricity

supplyorbothcanstopatanytime.ButI'vehadthepleasureofworkingwithsomeof

theworld'smostdedicatedophthalmologists,andtheexperiencehasbeenoneofpersonal

growthandconfidenceforme."Thisseemstobeanongoinglearningprocess.Atthe

endofafollow-upEyeCampinNamibia,whereDr.Josephandhiscolleaguesoperated

onmorethan125patients,theywalkedintoalocalhallwherethepatientshadgathered

tosaygoodbye."Everypatient,whohadpreviouslybeenbroughtinblind,andwhocould

nowsee,cameforwardandinturnclaspedeachsurgeon'shandinthanks.Theroom

spilledoverwilhemolionjsaysDr.Joseph.Cataract-inducedblindnessinthispartofthe

worldrobstheindividualoftheabilitytoworkandearnaliving,andthesocialand

economicconsequencesofblindness,arestaggering.Dr.Josephexpands,"Ourworkisn't

justaboutgivingpeoplebacktheirsight;wearehelpingthemgettheirlivesback."Since

thatfirstexpedition,Dr.Josephhasparticipatedinninemore.Heisoneofhundredsof

ophthalmologistsfromaroundtheglobe,thathaveteamedupwithSEEInternationalto

devotetheirtimeandenergytofightcataractinducedblindness,andothereyediseasesin

thedevelopingworld.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),cataracts

accountforabouthalfoftheworld'spreventableblindnessandbilateralcataracts

currentlyblindatleast20millionpeople.HarryBrown,aCalifornianophthalmologist,

launchedSEEInternationalintheearly1970swithagroupoftrainedophthalmic

surgeons,nurses,andtechniciansfromaroundtheworld.Dr.Brown'saimwasto

transformlanguishinglivesintoproductiveones.Nowthatthisdreamhasreached

fruition,thousandsofblindpeopleinmorethan40countriesincludingthePhilippines,

Mexico,Peru,Thailand,Kenya,Ecuador,andMalawiaresuccessfullytreated.Morethan

600volunteerophthalmologistsoffertheirserviceseachyear.Despitethehelpdispensed

tomanypatients;therearestillsomewhoarenotreceivingtreatmentduetothefactthat

SEEInternationalcanonlyoperateinonelocationforalimitedperiodoftime.Often,

otherproblemssuchasglaucoma,cornealblindness,orretinaldiseasesremainuntreated

duetolimitedresources.Becausetheyrecognizethattheirhighvolumeofcasesrepresent

onlyatinyfractionofthecurableorpreventablecasesofblindnessindeveloping

countries,SEEInternationalfundaseparateeducationprogrammeforophthalmologists

inThirdWorldcountries.TheEyeCampprogrammesteamupwithahost

ophthalmologist,toprovidesometrainingifitisrequired,andtohelpprovideequipment,

suchasmicroscopesandautoclaves(usedforsterilizingsurgicalinstruments).Repeat

visitsaremadetothesamecountrytomaintaintheprojects'momentum.(591words)

36、Whichofthefollowingmaybetheoriginaltitleforthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A項(xiàng)比其他三項(xiàng)表達(dá)得更全面、更清楚。

37、WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatDr.JeremyJosephhadexpectedbeforehe

startedoffforZimbabwe9

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第二段第二句。

38、WhatisthespecificsignificanceoftheexpeditionofSEEInternational?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第五段Dr.Joseph所說的話和第六段Dr.Brown的目的可以判

斷出，SurgicalEyeExpedilions的特殊意義不僅在于使盲人復(fù)明，而且更重要的是

改變了他們的生活。

39、Whydootherproblemssuchasglaucoma,cornealblindness,orretinaldiseases

remainuntreated?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考最后一段第一句，limitedresources意思為“財(cái)力有限”。

40、SEEInternationalwilldoeverythingEXCEPT.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第一段第一句中SEE后面括號(hào)里的解釋。

Believeitornot,opticalillusion（錯(cuò)覺）cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.

Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimple

opticalillusion.Bentstripes,calledchevrons（人字形）painiedontheroadsmakedrivers

thinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.Now

theAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanning

torepeatJapan'ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandother

patternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatterns

reducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofall

fataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,the

foundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest-

curves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,

horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.

However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedto

seeingthepaintedbar.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthat

theyarcdrivingfasterthantheyreallyarcbutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.

Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftraffic

accidents.

41Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：分析文章的語篇，特別是文章的開頭句以及文章最后兩行，可以判斷

A項(xiàng)正是文章的主題。

42、Onroadspaintedwithchevronsdriverstendtofecithat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參見文章第二段第2行。

43、Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraight,horizontalbarsisthattheformer.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該題問及chevrons與straight,horizontalbars之間的效果比較。依據(jù)

文章第五段中內(nèi)容，說明該方法有效果，但持續(xù)時(shí)間較短；再依據(jù)文章最后一句，

可一目了然兩者效果的比較結(jié)果。

44、TheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：依據(jù)文章第三段第2行內(nèi)容可知嘗試日本方式是在某些公路上，而不

是在全國。

45、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該問題和48題極為相關(guān)。依據(jù)同樣在第五段。

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorfsassertion

thatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgefor

practicalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremind

ourselvesthattechnologyisahumancrcation:itdocsnotexistnaturally.Aspearora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Fora

birdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequally

well.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidental

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanqualityoftechnologyis:they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,we

areresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnology

eventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfor

decades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewill

continuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnology

onourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehada

greaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershave

designedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.

Therearcthosewhoassertthat(heswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.Yet

whenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthe

machines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.

Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealth

wasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromiseto

revolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindand

opennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolution

supplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.

Thecomputeremendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthe

mindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerfor

solvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

46、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：只有什么時(shí)候，一個(gè)矛或一個(gè)機(jī)器人才是技術(shù)?第二段首句

“Yetwcwoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation：itdoes

notexistnaturally.Aspearorarobottoproducemachineparts.neitherismuchmore

thanasolidmassofmatter.”通過這段話可知，我們最好還是提醒自己，科技是人

類的創(chuàng)造，它不存在于芻然之中。矛或機(jī)器人生產(chǎn)機(jī)器零件，這兩者都不僅僅是堅(jiān)

實(shí)的物體。據(jù)此判斷，答案是B。

47>TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshow

that.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：作者引用“挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)''航天飛機(jī)爆炸和“切爾諾貝利”核泄漏的

例子是想表明什么?第二段“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquality

oftechnologyis；theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecame

completelydisorderedandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通過這段話可

知，“挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)的爆炸和俄羅斯在“切爾諾貝利”的核事故讓人們看到了技

術(shù)的人性化是多么的重要，這些事故表明了那些經(jīng)過周密計(jì)劃的系統(tǒng)會(huì)突然變得混

亂，也不可能讓它們恢復(fù)到正常軌道上來。據(jù)此判斷，答案是A。

48、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainly

because.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：題目問：艱據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，計(jì)算機(jī)的采用是一場革命，主要是因?yàn)槭?/p>

么？第三段“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocial

change.”通過這句話可知，計(jì)算機(jī)的采用是一場革命，主要理由是它導(dǎo)致了巨大

的社會(huì)變革。所以，答案是D。

49、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line5,Para.2),theauthor

referstothefactthattechnology.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：通過用短語“技術(shù)的人性化”，作者提及了什么事實(shí)?第二段

“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquaikyoftechnologyis；they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通過這段話可知，”技術(shù)的人性化”也

就是說，技術(shù)要擁有一些人類的特征。所以，答案是B。

50^Thepassageisbasecontheauthor's.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：該文章建立在作者什么的基礎(chǔ)上?根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者

主要是在向讀者介紹科技知識(shí)?？萍甲鳛槔碚撝R(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用，是導(dǎo)致社會(huì)變革的

一個(gè)主要原因。所以，答案是A。

ThesinglebusinessofHenryThoreau,duringforty-oddyearsofeageractivity,wasto

discoveralleconomycalculatedtoprovideasatisfyinglife.Hisoneconcern,whichgave

tohisramblingsinConcordfieldsavalueofhighadventure,wastoexplorethetrue

meaningofwealth.Asheunderstoodtheproblemsofeconomics,therewerethree

possiblesolutionsopentohim,toexploithimself,toexploithisfellows,ortoreducethe

problemtoitslowestdenominator.Thefirstwasquiteimpossible—toimprisononeselfin

atreadmillwhenthemorningcalledtogreatadventure.Toexploitone'sfellowsseemed

toThoreau'ssensitivesocialconscienceanevengreaterinfidelity.Freedomwith

abstinenceseemedtohimbetterthanserfdomwithmaterialwell-being,andhewas

contenttomovetoWaldenPondandsetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,"tofrontonly

theessentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoleach."Hedidnotadvocatethatother

menshouldbuildcabinsandliveisolated.Hehadnowishtodogmatizeconcernigthe

bestmodeofliving-eachmustsettlethatforhimself.Butthatasatisfyinglifeshouldbe

lived,hewasvirtuallyconcerned.Thestoryofhisemancipationfromthelower

economicsistheoneromanceofhislife,andWaldenishisgreatbook.Itisabookin

praiseofliferatherthanofNature,arecordofcalculatingeconomiesthatstudiedsaving

inordertospendmorelargely.Butitisabookofsocialcriticismaswell,inspiteofits

explicitdenialofsuchapurpose.Inconsideringthetruenatureofeconomyhe

concluded,withRuskin,thatthecostofathingistheamountoflifewhichisrequiredin

exchangeforit,immediateyorinthelongrun.InWaldenThoreauelaboratedthetext:

"Theonlywealthislife."

51、Themainideaofthisparagraphisbestexpressedas.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文主要敘述梭羅如何尋求滿意的生活，所以答案是B。

52、Thoreau'schiefaiminlifewasto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)本文的第一句話，可選出正確答案A。

53、Thoreau*ssolutiontotheproblemoflivingwasto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文中我們可以了解到，梭羅尋求有節(jié)制的自由，他搬到沃爾登龐德

去了，面對基本的生活必需，這說明他生活簡樸。

54、AccordingtoIhoreau,thewealthotanindividualismeasuredby.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)...andsosetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,“tofrontonlythe

essentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoteach.”可以判斷梭羅認(rèn)為真正的財(cái)富

要在生活中去發(fā)現(xiàn)，在經(jīng)歷事物中去發(fā)現(xiàn)。

55、InThoreau'sopinion,thepriceofathingshouldbemeasuredintermsof.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后兩句是選D的依據(jù)。

Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa"global

village"wherecountriesarconlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,of

course,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatly

enhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreed

ofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoing

businessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomestic

businessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantto

advancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountryno

longerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutofmind."Heorshecanbesurethatthe

overseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoften

followoraccompanyauassignmentabroad,ffanemployeecansucceedinadifficult

assignmento-verseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocope

backintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissues

arebecomingmoreandprevalent（普遍的）.Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensive

communicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnited

Statesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguage

ofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanother

language.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthaving

languageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasan

opportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknow

whenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocan

communicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisan

obviousassettothefirm.

56、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhigh-techconununicationsequipment?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從短文第一段第一句及第三句中"benefit"，“enhanced”，第四段

"thanksto…"inexpensive”等褒義詞語的使用，作者對高科技通訊設(shè)備的積極態(tài)

度顯而易見。

57、Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationscquipmcnt,busincss

people.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由題干中關(guān)鍵詞"high一techcommunicationequipment"和"busines

speople”確定本題答案指向短文第二段，而這一段的中心內(nèi)容是海外業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的經(jīng)

濟(jì)價(jià)值及對國內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)的促進(jìn)作用。

58、Inthispassage,Houtofsightandoutofmind"（Line2,Para.3）probablymeans.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題引述的短語出現(xiàn)在第三段，^promotionsoftenfollowor

accompanyanassignmentabroad''（該段第三句）。

59、Accordingtothepassage.whalisanimportantconsiderationofinternational

corporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：結(jié)合短文主題，特別是第五、六段有關(guān)要點(diǎn)，可推知跨國公司在聘用

人員時(shí)一個(gè)重要的考慮應(yīng)當(dāng)是除英語以外能否說公司所在國的語言。

60、Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題答案涉及短文第六段要點(diǎn)歸納“anopportunitytofast-forward

certainnegotiations,havetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemore

slowly”。故選Ao

Thestudyofsocialscienceismorethanthestudyoftheindividualsocialsciences.

Althoughitistruethattobeagoodsocialscientistyoumustknoweachofthose

components,youmustalsoknowhowtheyinterrelate.Byspecializingtooearly,many

socialscientistscanlosesightoftheinterrelationshipsthataresoessentialto

understanding