考博英語模擬試卷236

考博英語模擬試卷236

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeenforallmeasurement.

A^admitted

B、adapted

C、applied

D^adopted

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：admil意為“接受"；adapt意為“適應(yīng)，適合，改編"；apply表示“實(shí)

施，應(yīng)用“；adopt表示“采用，采納”。比較詞義，D項(xiàng)符合句子含義，為正確答

案。

2、Thetwopharmaceuticalcompaniescollaboratedindevelopingnewdrugsto

thepainofpatientsintheterminalstagesofcancer.

A、alleviate

B、confront

C^insulate

D、terminate

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：各項(xiàng)的意思是:alleviate減輕,緩解，緩和；confront勇敢地面對,

正視；insulate使絕緣,使隔離；terminate結(jié)束，使終結(jié)。根據(jù)句意判斷,答案是

Ao

3、Theverybiggestandmostmurderouswarsduring(heindustrialagewereintra-

industrial-warsthatSecondWavenationslikeGermanyandBritainagainstone

another.

A、pitted

B、drove

C^kept

D、embarked

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

4、Fewerandfeweroftoday'sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglivesinthesame

field,thesamecompany.

A、allelse

B、muchworse

C、lesslikely

D^letalone

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：letalone意思是noltomention更不必說，Thebabycan'tevenwalk,

letaloneran.嬰兒連走都不會(huì)，更別說跑了。alleke所有其他的；muchworse糟

糕得多；lesslikely較少可能，此三項(xiàng)選擇都與本題不符。

5、Shegotveryangryandherclothesaboutintheroom.

A^flung

B>flew

C、clamped

D^clashed

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：nung是fling的過去式，拋，擲，扔；flew是fly的過去式，飛翔，

飄揚(yáng)；clamped夾住,夾緊；clashed猛撞,沖擊。

6、Theconversationwassointerestingthatwewereofthelatenessofthehour.

A、generous

B、credulous

C、gorgeous

D、oblivious

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：（oblivious忘卻的）。句意為：談話很有趣，以致于我們忘記時(shí)間已經(jīng)

很晚了。A.generous慷慨的;B.credulous輕信的；D.gorgeous豪華的。

7^Somelinguistsbelievethattheageforchildrenlearningaforeignlanguageis

5to8.

A、optimistic

B、optional

C^optimal

D、oppressed

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:optimal最佳的,optimistic樂觀的,optional可選擇的、隨意的，

oppressed受壓抑的。

8、Theyoungmanwhosawthecarintotherivertelephonedthepolice.

A、plunged

B、plunge

C^wasplunging

D^toplunge

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

9、Hewasconcernedonlywithmundanematters,especiallythedailystockmarket

quotations.

A^rational

B、obscure

C、worldly

D、eminent

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

10>Inancienttimes,somecatastrophicextinctionofspeciesoccurred,butsuch

catastropheswerecomparativelyrare.

A、sequentially

repeatedly

C、naturally

D^intentionally

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

11、(Few)schools(takeadvantagesof)thevastclassroom(of)theoutdoorstoteachthe

thingsthatreally(matter).

A^Few

B、takeadvantagesof

C、of

D、matter

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

12、TheimpactofThoreau'sOntheDutyofCivilDisobediencemightnothavebeenso

farreachingforElizabethPeabody,whodaredtopublishthecontroversialessay.

A、itnotbeing

ifithasnotbeen

C、ifitwerenot

D、haditnotbeen

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：對過去發(fā)生事情的虛擬。haditnotbccn=ifithadn'tbeen.

13、Istherenotowhatyoupropose?

relationship

B、relevance

C、alternative

D^alternation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

14、Ilcanbeinferredthattheauthorofthepassageexpectsthattheexperienceofthe

studentmentionedashavingstudiedWileintheRightwouldhaveoneofthefollowing

effects.Thatis.

A>ItwouldleadthestudenttodisregardinformationfoundintheBibliotheca

Britannica.

B、Itwouldteachthestudenttoquestiontheaccuracyofcertainkindsofinformation

sourceswhenstudyingneglectedauthors.

C、Itwouldteachthestudenttoavoidtheuseofreferencesourcesinstudyingneglected

authors.

D、Itwouldenhancethestudent'sappreciationoftheworksofauthorsnotincludedin

thecanon.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：explicil明確的。句意：教授對全班進(jìn)行了明確的指導(dǎo)，好讓每位學(xué)

生知道如何在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。B.affliclive折磨人的；C.aulhoritative有權(quán)威

的，官方的；D.oblivious忘卻的，健忘的。

15、Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthe"particularpedagogicalpurpose"mentioned

inparagraph3?

A^Tominimizethetrivialaspectsofthetraditionalscholarlymethodscourse.

B、ToprovidestudentswithinfbnnationaboutGriffith'swork.

C、Toencouragescholarlyrigorinstudents'ownresearch.

D^ToreestablishGriffith'sreputationasanauthor.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：falloff下降，跌落，句意：過了一些時(shí)候，航天飛機(jī)的第二級(jí)由于用

光了燃料，就像助推器，脫開然后落下。A.runaway潛逃，私奔，失去控制；

D.chargefor收費(fèi)，要'介；D.mergeinto合并成。

16、Thepatientisnotingoodcondition,sodonotyourvisit,

lengthen

B、delay

C、extend

D^prolong

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：lenglhen意為“延長（一般指長度廣；delay意為“延遲”；exlend意為“擴(kuò)

充,延伸“；prolong意為“拖延”。木句話意思是：病人的情況不太好，所以不要拖

延探望時(shí)間oD項(xiàng)符合題意，如：Thedelegationdecidedtoprolongtheirvisitbyone

week.（代表團(tuán)決定把訪問延長一個(gè)星期）。

17、Ihadtostandinaforhourstogetticketsforthefilm.

A、queue

B、file

C、tail

D、process

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

18、Recentstudieshaveidentifiedfourmajorglobalenvironmentalrisks-acidrain,

ozonedepletion,deforestationandthegreenhouseeffect.

A、recognized

B、proved

CNgotridof

D、multiplied

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

19、rdjustdoassoonasyoutheresearchyourself

A^do

B、willdo

C、woulddo

D、did

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

20、Inthenorthofthecountry,thesunalwaysshinesthevastprairielandin

summer.

A、brightlyon

B、brighton

C、brightin

D、brightlyin

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格處是說明亮的陽光總是照在大草原上。shineontheprairie的

意思是“照在草原上“，副詞brightly在此處修飾動(dòng)詞shine,因此A項(xiàng)為止確答

案。

21、Thechancesoffindinghimweresothattheygaveupthesearch.

A、remote

abnormal

C、negative

D、invisible

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；remote遙遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的，疏遠(yuǎn)的；（可能性）極少的，^>1；Tmafraid

yourchancesofsuccessareratherremote.我恐怕你成功的機(jī)會(huì)相當(dāng)渺茫。abnormal

反常的，不正常的；negative否定的；反面的；消極的；invisible看不見的，無形

的。句意：找到他的可能性非常渺茫，所以他們放棄了尋找。

22、Accordingtoagrowingnumberofexperts,itisalreadytechnicallyto

constructapioneeringspacecolony,poweredbysolarenergy.

A^practical

B、flexible

C、feasible

D、beneficial

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中，C項(xiàng)feasible”可行的，切實(shí)可行的:符合題意，如：Hisstory

soundsfeasible.他講的似乎有理。其他三項(xiàng)practical”實(shí)際的，實(shí)踐的“；

flexible“柔韌性，易曲的，靈活的“：beneficial“有益的，受益的”都不正確。

23、Mariowasawardedthemedalfordisplayingprofessionalofthehighest

orderintherescueattemptstwoweeksago.

A^solution

B、supervision

C^intelligence

D^competence

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

,

24NInitiallyhisbookdienotreceivemuchattention,buttwoweeksafterthecritics

reviewappearedinthenewspapers,itclimbedtothebestsellers'list.

A、Atfirst

Firstofall

C、Atfirstsight

D、Fromthefirst

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格處的意思是：最初，他的書并沒有得到太多的注意，但批評家的

批評出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上兩個(gè)星期后，它爬到了最暢銷書的名列。劃線單詞initially的意

思是“最初，開頭各選項(xiàng)的意思是：atfirst“最初"；firstofall“首先"；atfirst

sight“首先”；fh)mthefirst”從頭,自始

25、AHthatdaynayfatherwasinashehadlosthiswallet.

A、greatanxiety

B、ambition

C、illhumour

D、hospitality

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：illhumour表示“心情不佳"；greatanxiety表示“非常擔(dān)心，憂心忡

忡"；ambition意為“野心”；hospitality意為“好客句意:由于父親丟失了錢包，

所以一整天他都心情不佳。

26、Scientistswilthavetonewmethodsofincreasingtheworld'sfoodsupplyin

ordertofeedmorehungrypeople.

A^catchupwith

B、comeupwith

C、keepupwith

D、putupwith

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：（comeupwith提出）。句意為：科學(xué)家們必須提出增加世界糧食供應(yīng)

的新方法，以便養(yǎng)活更多饑餓的人。A.catchupwith趕上；C.keepupwith跟

上；D.putupwith忍受。

27、Whateverthequestionshereallywantedtoaskatthereprocessingplant,though,he

wouldneverallowhispersonalfeelingstowithanassignment.

A^interrupt

B、bother

C、interfere

D^intervene

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查同義詞的辨析°A項(xiàng)interruptwith表示“打岔,打斷（說

話）“；B項(xiàng)botherwith表示“為...操心”；C項(xiàng)interferewith表示“妨礙或擾亂”;D

項(xiàng)iniervene表示“調(diào)停，干涉”。四個(gè)詞雖然都有打擾的意思，但是側(cè)重點(diǎn)各有不

同。句子的意思是“他不允許自己的個(gè)人感情妨礙要完成的任務(wù)“，所以C是正確

答案。

28、Hehasneverworriedabouthispropertiesbecausehehasthemagainst

disastersandtheft.

A、assured

B、ensured

C>insured

D、secure

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題答案是C。C項(xiàng)的意思是：insure保證，保險(xiǎn)。其他各項(xiàng)的意思

是：assure向...保證,使放心；ensure擔(dān)保，確保;secure使安全。

29、"Theysaidwhatwealwaysknew.'*Saidanadministrationsource,

A、heaskednottobenamed

B、whoaskednottobenamed

C、whuaskednotbenamed

D、whoaskednotnamed

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句子大意為：“他們說的都是我們已經(jīng)知道的，“一位不愿意透露姓

名的當(dāng)局人士說道。本題考查非限制性定語從句以及動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式做主

語補(bǔ)足語的用法，B項(xiàng)為正確完整的形式。所以，正確答案是B。

30Thegovernmentwilprosecutethoseindividualswhounlawfully

possessmaterial.

A、classified

B、bizarre

C^personal

D^legitimate

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句子大意：政府將起訴那些非法占有——材料的人。分析各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，

找出符合句意的項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)classified”分類的;類別的；機(jī)密的”;B項(xiàng)bizarre“古怪

的，奇怪的“；C項(xiàng)personal“個(gè)人的，身體的，親自的“；D項(xiàng)legitimate”合法的，

正當(dāng)?shù)?，合理的”。將各選項(xiàng)代人，只有A項(xiàng)符合題意，因此本題選擇A。

二、閱讀理解（本題共735題，每題7.0分，共735

分。）

Inrecentyears,manyAmericansofbothsexesandvariousageshavebecomeinterested

inimprovingtheirbodies.Theyhavebecomedevotedtophysicalfitness.Theneedto

exercisehasalmostbecomecompulsivewithmanypersonswhohaveastrongdesireto

bemorephysicallyfit.Bynature,Americansareenthusiasticandenergeticabouttheir

hobbiesandpastimes.Theyapplythisenthusiasm,andenergytojogging/running.Asa

result,therearerunningclubstojoinandmanybooksandmagazinestoreadabout

running.Thedesiretobephysicallyfitisexplainedbya"passion"forgoodhealth.The

highrateofheartattacksinthe1960scausedanincreaseonthepartofthepublicin

improvingthehumanbody.Middle-agedmenespeciallysufferfromheartattacks.Thus,

theyareonegroupstronglyinterestedinmorephysicalexercise.Infact,manydoctors

encouragetheirpatientstobecomemorephysicallyactive,especiallythosewhohave

sedentaryjobs.Itisinterestingtonotethattherateofheartattacksbegantodecreasein

the1970sanditisstilldecreasing.Physicalfitnesscurrentlyenjoysafavoredroleinthe

UnitedStates.Itisanew"love"thatmanyAmericanshavecherished.Willitlastlong?

Onlytimewilltelloruntilanother"newpassion"comesalong.

31、Inrecentyears,manyAmericanshavebecomeinterestedinimprovingtheirbodies

because.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目要求回答，近年來許多美國人為何熱衷于改進(jìn)體質(zhì)。第一段最后

一句話解釋了這一原因。B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

32、ThepassageimpliesthatisagreatfavoriteofmanyAmericans,menand

women,oldandyoung.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文中第二段可知，美國人生來就喜歡消遣和有嗜好。他們熱衷于慢

跑，結(jié)果各種慢跑俱樂部和慢跑運(yùn)動(dòng)書刊到處都有。

33、Middle-agedmensufferingfromheartattacks.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)葡析?：由第四段第一、二句可知正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

34、Inthesentence"Infact,manydoctorsencouragetheirpatientstobecomemore

physicallyactive,especiallythosewhohavesedentaryjobs",theword"sedentary"means

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文理解詞義。只有B項(xiàng)符合題意。

35、Accordingtothepassage,willtheloveforphysicalexerciselastlongfor

Americans?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從最后一段的“Onlytimecantell”可知D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

Thelastdecadehasseenatremendousexpansionofscientificknowledgeinhuman

genetics.Ourunderstandingofhumangenesandofthegeneticbasisofdiseasehas

growndramatically.Currently,morethan4,000diseasesareknowntobegeneticandare

passedoninfamilies.Moreover,itisnowknownthatalterationsinourgenesplayarole

insuchcommonconditionsasheartdisease,diabetes,andmanytypesofcancer.The

identificationofdisease-relatedgeneshasledtoanincreaseinthenumberofavailable

geneticteststhatdetectdiseaseoranindividual'sriskofdisease.Newtestsarebeing

developedtodetectcoloncancer,breastcancer,andotherconditions.Scientistsare

concernednotonlythatgenetestsofferedarereliable,butalsothatpatientsandheahh

careprofessionalsunderstandthelimitationsofsuchtesting.Thedisclosureoftestresults

couldinflictpsychologicalharmtoapatientifsafeandeffectiveinterventionsarenot

alsoavailable.Genetestinginvolvesexaminingaperson'sDNA-takenfromcellsina

sampleofbloodor,occasionally,fromotherbodyfluidsortissues-forsomeanomaly

thatflagsadiseaseordisorder.Inadditiontostudyinggenes,genetictestinginabroader

senseincludesbiochemicaltestsforthepresenceorabsenceofkeyproteinsthatsignal

aberrantgenes.Themostwidespreadtypeofgenetictestingisnewbornscreening.Each

yearintheUnitedStates,fourmillionnewborninfantshavebloodsamplestestedfor

abnormalormissinggeneproducts.Sometestslookforabnormalarrangementsofthe

chemicalbasesinthegeneitself,whileothertestsdetectinbornerrorsbyverifyingthe

absenceofaproteinthatthecellneedstofunctionnormally.Carriertestingcanbeused

tohelpcouplestolearniftheycarry-andthusriskpassingtotheirchildren.Genetic

tests-biochemicalandDNA-based-alsoarewidelyavailablefbrtheprenataldiagnosisof

conditionssuchasDownsyndrome.Muchofthecurrentexcitementingenetesting

centersonpredictivegenetesting:teststhatidentifypeoplewhoareatriskofgettinga

disease,beforeanysymptomsappear.Testsarealreadyavailableinresearchprograms

forsometwodozendiseases,andasmorediseasegenesarcdiscovered,moregenetests

canbeexpected.Testsfbrafewrarecancersarealreadyinclinicaluse.Predictivegene

testsfbrmorecommontypesofcancerarestillprimarilyaresearchtool,difficultto

executeandavailableonlythroughresearchprogramstosmallnumbersofpeoplewho

haveastrongfamilyhistoryofdisease.Butthefieldofgenetestingisevolvingrapidly,

withnewgenesbeingdiscoveredalmostdailyandinnovationsintestingarrivingalmost

asquickly.

36、Scientistsarguethatthegenetictestingisnotperfectpartlybecause.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)考察題。在文中第2段第3行中：一些科學(xué)家不僅擔(dān)心

所提供的基因測試是否可靠，而且擔(dān)心病人和衛(wèi)生保健專業(yè)人員是否意識(shí)到基因測

試的局限性。我們得知科學(xué)家有兩方面的擔(dān)心，因此可以理解為科學(xué)家認(rèn)為測試并

不完美。一是擔(dān)心測試的可靠性，二是擔(dān)心測試結(jié)果有可能對病人造成不良影響。

因此根據(jù)原文信息我們選擇C為正確答案。

37、Theword"aberrant*'inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段簡要介紹了基因測試的原理。檢驗(yàn)DNA的日的是尋找標(biāo)志著

疾病或紊亂的反?，F(xiàn)象。我們可以得知測試的途徑就是檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)志疾病或紊亂等不正

常的現(xiàn)象o后文提到的keyproteinsthatsignalaberrantgenes中，signal與前文中的

flags是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以判斷aberranigenes指的是“存在缺陷的、不正常的基因”，

也就是選項(xiàng)A中unheallhy（不健康）的意思。

38、Howdoesthenewbornscreeningtestwork?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文中第4段介紹了這一最為普遍的基因測試，舉了兩個(gè)例子。由第一

個(gè)例子和第2個(gè)例子可排除A、B選項(xiàng)。從文章第3段“takenfromcellsinasample

ofbloodor,occasionally,fromotherbodyfluidsortissues”得知血液是體液的一種,

因此由文章第4S^fourmillionnewborninfantshavebloodsamplestested”可判斷C

是正確選項(xiàng)。

39、Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后一段的大意是：有的基因測試已用于臨床，而有的還在研究階

段。但是基因測試的前景是光明的。由最后一句話可推測出D“作者對于基因測試

的發(fā)展很樂觀”是正確答案。

40>Thepassageisintendedto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這是一道主旨大意題。B只是文中提到基因測試時(shí)舉出的一點(diǎn)，并不

說明本義的中心大意一關(guān)于基因測試的一些問題，如測試原理、相關(guān)學(xué)科、測試

類型以及發(fā)展前景。C將事物的發(fā)展順序顛倒了。D說得過于籠統(tǒng)不夠具體，不如

A有針對性。因此答案是A“使讀者對基因測試有一個(gè)更好的理解”。

AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,theymaybe

blindtotheconsequencesoftheirquestsforanidealizedmatewhoservestheirevery

physicalandemotionalneed.Nearly19in20never-marriedrespondentstoanational

surveyagreethat"whenyoumarryyouwantyourspousetobeyoursoulmate,firstand

foremost",accordingtotheStateofOurUnions:2001studyreleasedWednesdayby

RutgersUniversity.DavidPopenoe,aRutgerssociologistandoneofthestudy'sauthors,

saidthatviewmightspelldoomformarriages."Itreallyprovidesaveryunrealisticview

ofwhatmarriagereallyis,"Popenoesaid."Thestandardbecomessohigh,it'snoteasyto

bailoutifyoudidn'tfindasoulmate."Thesurveypointstoafundamentaldilemmain

whichyoungerpeoplewantmorefromtheinstitutionofmarriagewhiletheyseemingly

areunwillingtomakethenecessarycommitments.Thesurveyalsosuggeststhatsome

respondentsexpecttoomuchfromaspouse,includingthekindofemotionalsupport

renderedbysame-sexfriends.Theauthorsofthestudyalsosuggestthatthegeneration

thatwaspolledmaymorequicklyleaveamarginbecauseofinfidelitythanpast

generations.Popenoesaidthepoll,conductedbytheGalluporganization,isthefirstof

itskindtoconcentrateonpeopleintheir20s.Atotalof1,003marriedandsingleyoung

adultsnationwidewereinterviewedbytelephonebetweenJanuaryandMarch.The

marginoferrorwasplusorminusfourpercentagepoints.Respondentssaidthey

eventuallywanttogetmarried,realizeit'salotofworkandthinktherearetoomany

divorces.Theybelievethereisonerightpersonforthemouttheresomewhereandthink

theirownmarriageswon'tendindivorce.Sincethepollisthefirstofitskind,researchers

sayitisimpossibletosayifexpectationsaboutmarriagearechangingorstatic.But

scholarssaythesearchforsoulmateshasincreasedoverthelastgeneration-andthelast

century—asmarriagehasbecomeaninstitutioncenteringonromanceratherthanutility,

"onehundredyearsago,peoplemarriedforfinancialreasons,fortyingfamiliestogether,

theymarriedforpoliticalreasons,"saidJohnDcLamatcr,asociologistattheUniversity

ofWisconsin."Andmostpeoplehadchildren."Thoseconditionsarenolongerthecase

foryoungadultslikeDavidAsher,a24-year-oldwaiterinaTrentoncafewhohasbeen

inarelationshipforabouttwoyears.Hewantstowaitiomakesurehe'sreadyto

exchangevows."Iknowalotofithastodowithfinancialreasons,"hesaid."Maybeif

you'regoingtohavechildren,marriageisthebestbet."Butthemainreasonfor

matrimony:"Ifyou'reinlovewithsomeone,it'ssortoflikepromisingtothemyouarein

love.""That'sallwellandgood,"saidHeatherHelms-Erikson,anassistantprofessorof

humandevelopmentandfamilystudiesattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaat

Greensboro."Butpassion—partlyinendorphin-causedphysiologicalphenomenon—has

beenknowntodiminishintime."

41、What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中，B、C兩項(xiàng)與文章的意思相反；D項(xiàng)與文章的意思不相符。

從文中第一段可知，像RomeoandJuliet一樣，追求浪漫的人可能對他們追尋理想

伴侶的結(jié)果是盲目的。后文指出了這種浪漫婚姻的不切實(shí)際。

42、Thenewstudyinthispassageshowsthat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：A項(xiàng)中說“許多美國人在尋找伴侶時(shí)是很實(shí)際的”，與文意相反，C、

D兩項(xiàng)在文中并沒有提到。

43、Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthe

followingstatementsregardingmarriage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中作者對于婚姻最可能同意的觀點(diǎn)是C項(xiàng)，即這一代

的年輕人很追求婚姻中的浪漫。而過去的人結(jié)婚更多的是為實(shí)用考慮。

44>Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthedifferencesbetweenthisgenerationandthe

pastgenerationsasfarasmarriageisconcerned?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中，C項(xiàng)與文章第十段的意思不符；D項(xiàng)與文章第十一、十二段

的意思不符。從文中的“Butscholarssaythesearchforsoulmateshasincreasedover

thelastgeneration—andthelastcentury-asmarriagehasbecomeaninstitutioncentering

onromanceratherthanutility.”可知，上一代和這一代都追求靈魂的伴侶，所以B

項(xiàng)不是兩代人之間的區(qū)別，A項(xiàng)是兩者的區(qū)別。因此正確答案為B。

45、WhichofthefollowingsentenceswillHeatherHehns-Erikonusetoillustrateher

ownargument?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中，A、B、C三項(xiàng)都與Erikson的觀點(diǎn)不符。從文章最后一段可

知，Erikson說激情這種生理現(xiàn)象會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的增長而減少。

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorfsassertion

thatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgefor

practicalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremind

ourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation:itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Fora

birdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequally

well.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanqualityoftechnologyis:they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,we

areresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnology

eventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfor

decades,andsofarwchavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewill

continuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnology

onourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehada

greaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershave

designedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.

Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.Yet

whenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthe

machines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.

Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealth

wasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromiseto

revolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindand

opennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolution

supplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.

Thecomputeremendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthe

mindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerfbr

solvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

46、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：只有什么時(shí)候，一個(gè)矛或一個(gè)機(jī)器人才是技術(shù)?第二段首句

“Yetwcwoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation：itdoes

notexistnaturally.Aspearorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmore

ihanasolidmassofmailer.”通過這段話可知，我們最好還是提醒自己，科技是人

類的創(chuàng)造，它不存在于自然之中。矛或機(jī)器人生產(chǎn)機(jī)器零件，這兩者都不僅僅是堅(jiān)

實(shí)的物體。據(jù)此判斷，答案是B。

47、TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshow

that.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：作者引用“挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)爆炸和“切爾諾貝利”核泄漏的

例子是想表明什么？第二段“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquality

oftechnologyis；theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecame

completelydisorderedandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通過這段話后f

知，“挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)的爆炸和俄羅斯在“切爾諾貝利”的核事故讓人們看到了技

術(shù)的人性化是多么的重要，這些事故表明了那些經(jīng)過周密計(jì)劃的系統(tǒng)會(huì)突然變得混

亂，也不可能讓它們恢復(fù)到正常軌道上來。據(jù)此判斷，答案是A。

48、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainly

because.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：艱據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，計(jì)算機(jī)的采用是一場革命，主要是因?yàn)槭?/p>

么？第三段“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocial

change.”通過這句話可知，計(jì)算機(jī)的采用是一場革命，主要理由是它導(dǎo)致了巨大

的社會(huì)變革。所以，答案是D。

49>Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line5,Para.2),theauthor

referstothefactthattechnology.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：通過用短語”技術(shù)的人性化”，作者提及了什么事實(shí)?第二段

“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquailtyoftechnologyis；they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通過這段話可知，”技術(shù)的人性化'’也

就是說，技術(shù)要擁有一些人類的特征。所以，答案是B。

50、Thepassageisbasecontheauthor's.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題目問：該文章建立在作者什么的基礎(chǔ)上?根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者

主要是在向讀者介紹科技知識(shí)?？萍甲鳛槔碚撝R(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用，是導(dǎo)致社會(huì)變革的

一個(gè)主要原因。所以，答案是A。

When,intheageofautomation,mansearchesforaworkertodothetedious,unpleasant

jobsthatareimpossibletomechanize,hemayveryprofitablyconsidertheape.Ifwe

tackledtheproblemofbreedingforbrainswithasmuchasenthusiasmaswcdevoteto

breedingdogsofsurrealisticshapes,wecouldeventuallyproduceassortedmodelsof

usefulprimates,ranginginsizefromthegorilladowntothebaboon,eachadaptedtoa

specialkindofwork.Ilisnotputtingloomuchstrainontheimaginationtoassumethat

geneticistscouldproduceasuper-ape,abletounderstandsomescoresofwords,and

capableofbeingtrainedforsuchjobsaspickingfruit,cleaningupthelitterinparks,

shiningshoes,collectinggarbage,doinghouseholdchores,andevenbaby-sitting(though

IhaveknownsomebabiesIwouldnotcaretotrustwithavaluableape).Apescoulddo

manyjobs,suchascleaningstreetsandthemorerepetitivetypesofagriculturalwork,

withoutsupervision,thoughtheymightneedprotectionfromthoseexceptional

specimensofHomosapienswhothinkitamusingtoteaseorbullyanythingtheyconsider

lowerontheevolutionaryladder.Forothertasks,suchasdeliveringpapersandlaboring

onthedocks,ourman-apewouldhavetoworkunderhumanoverseers;and,incidentally,

Iwouldlovetoseethefinaleofthetwenty-firstcenturyversionofOntheWaterfrontin

whichthehonestbuthairyherowilldrumonhischestafterliterallytakingthewicked

laborleaderapart.Onceasupplyofnonhumanworkersbecomesavailable,awholerange

oflowIQjobscouldbethankfullyrelinquishedbymankind,toitsgreatmentaland

physicaladvantage.Whatismore,oneoftheproblemswhichhasplaguedsomany

fictionalUtopiaswouldbeavoided.Therewouldbenoneofthedegradinglysubhuman

EpsilonsofHuxley'sBraveNewWorldtoactasapermanentreproachtosociety,for

thereisaprofoundmoraldifferencebetweenbreedingsub-menandsuper-apes,though

theendproductsaremuchthesame.Thefirstwouldintroduceaformofslavery,the

secondwouldbeabiologicaltriumphwhichcouldbenefitbothmenandanimals.

51Intheauthor'sopinion,theideathatgeneticistscouldproduceasuper-apeis

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

52>Thetypeofjobanapecoulddowithoutsupervisionwouldbeonewhichis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

53、AproblemthathasplaguedsomefictionalUtopiasis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

54、Theauthorofthisarticleis.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

Whenpeoplearestruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughtheywerestruck

byasevereblowtothehead.Aftertheshocktheymayremainunconscious,become

semiconsciousorbeconsciousbutconfusedanddazed,atleastforatime.Flashesoflight

maycontinuepassingbeforetheireyes,andblindnessanddeafnessmayfollow.The

nervoussystemmaybebadlyaffected,causingparalysis,paininthelimbsandeven

hemorrhage.Therewillbeburnswherethelighteningpassedthroughthebody.Andlike

allelectricalburns,theyareoftendeepandsevere.Allpersons,especiallycampersand

hunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.

Donotbeafraidtotouchthevictim.Youwon'tgetashock.Thelighteninghasalready

beengrounded.Rememberthatspeedisofthegreatestimportanceinsevere