新概念英語-第二冊-Lesson-10

welcome11welcometo---歡迎來到1welcomesb./sth.歡迎crowd21thecrowd人群alargecrowd一大群人1crowdaround/round1crowdv.聚集，群集alargecrowd

of

一大群---gather31gatherunderthebigclockhand41aminutehand分針anhourhand時針shout5shoutat/tosb.朝---喊叫refuse6refusetodosth.拒絕去做laugh7laughatsb./sth.嘲笑---因---滑稽而笑notany=noIsthereanyteainthepot?Thereisn’tanyteainthepot.=Thereisnoteainthepot.Isthereanyoneatthedoor?Thereisn’tanyoneatthedoor.=Thereisnooneatthedoor.atinon與時間連用at+時間點(diǎn)

如：atfivepastfive

例外：atnoonatnightin+年/月/季節(jié)如：in2008on+星期幾/具體到天的時間

如：onSundayduring期間

until直到from…till…1.EverydaywehaveEnglishclass_____8:30______11:30.2.Ican'tenterforthesportsmeeting______tomorrow.3.Mid-AutumnDayusuallycomes____SeptemberorOctober.4.ChristmasDayis___December25.5.Thebasketisfull____vegetables.6.Hedidn’tgetup_____thetelephonerang.7.HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?”“_____1982.8._____themorningofJune27,theyvisitedtheGreatWall.9.Weoftengotothepark____Sundaymorning.Lesson10

Notforjazz81.n.爵士音

____________2.adj.音樂的____________3.n.樂器

___________jazzmusicalinstrument4.n.古鋼琴__________5.adv.最近__________6.v.損壞__________7.n.琴鍵__________8.n.（樂器的）弦

__________9.V.使不悅或生氣，震驚

__________10.v.允許，讓________11.v.觸摸__________12.屬于

__________clavichordrecentlydamagekey

stringshockallowtouchbelong◆musical:adj.音樂的musicalbox---musicalstudent有音樂天賦的人---musicstudent學(xué)音樂的人Guitarisaverypopularmusicalinstrumentamongtheyouth.musician:音樂家she’safinemusician.

music:音樂音樂是療傷的好藥。Musicisagoodmedicinetocurepain.音樂讓人放松。Musicmakespeoplefeelrelax.Popmusic流行樂Rockmusic搖滾樂Classicmusic古典樂Hiphop嘻哈樂R&B說唱樂Jazz爵士樂Softmusic輕音樂Folkmusic民樂◆

instrumentn.樂器---instrument=musicalinstrumentinstrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指醫(yī)療、機(jī)器等方面的。也可用來泛指各種樂器?！?/p>

clavichordn.古鋼琴

◆

recentlyadv.最近recently=latelyinrecentdays,最近一般接現(xiàn)在完成時Haveyouseenhimrecently?◆

damage:v.損壞①n.損害，損失，傷害Whodamagedmycar?---Thestormhasdonealotofdamagetothevillage.②vt.損害，毀壞，損壞---Thecarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetothecar.表破壞的詞break/broken損壞，傷害（程度輕）damage損壞，破壞（程度中等）destroy毀壞，損毀（程度深）◆

keyn.琴鍵①n.琴鍵②n.鑰匙，答案

keytothedoor門鑰匙

Doyouknowthekeytothequestion?③adj.關(guān)鍵的

◆

shock:震驚①v.使不悅或生氣,震驚

---Thenewsshocksme.

---I‘mshocked.(被動語態(tài))Iwasshockedatthenewsofherdeath.②n.震驚

getashockshock必指壞事,令人不悅,生氣的surprise好事壞事都可以,只要你沒有料到的

◆

allow:v,允許Mymotherdoesnotallowmetousethecomputer.Wedon’tallowsmokinginthisroom.

allowsb.todosth:允許某人做某事Pleaseallowmetocarryyourbag.Mybossdoesn‘tallowmetousethetelephone.sb.beallowedtodosth.Janeisallowedtoeatoneappleeveryday.Wearenotallowedtospeakloudly.allow常用于被動語態(tài)---Youareallowedtosmoke.(被動語態(tài))---Youarenotallowedtoentertheroomifyoudon'ttakethecardwithyou.◆

touch:觸摸①vt.&vi.觸摸，碰---Youarenotallowedtotouchthevase.Hetouchedmeonthearm!②vt.談及，涉及，關(guān)系到

---Arise（增加）inthecostoflivingtoucheseveryone.生活費(fèi)用的增加與每個人都有關(guān)系。touch:=move感動Hersadstorytouchedourhearts.getintouchwithsb

與某人保持聯(lián)系

Shetriedtogetintouchwithhim,buthedidn’tanswerthephone.Keepintouch

Wehaveanoldmusical

instrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptintheliving-room.Ithasbelongtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

【課文講解】1、Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.

我家有件古樂器。

instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指醫(yī)療、機(jī)器等方面的。但它可以用來泛指各種樂器。have沒有被動語態(tài)musicalinstrument樂器musical樂器的2、Itiscalledaclavichord.

被稱作古鋼琴。

call在這里的意思是“把……稱為”、“稱呼”，既可用于主動語態(tài)，也可用于被動語態(tài)：

E.g.Whatdoyoucallthis?

你們把這稱為什么？

E.g.TheycallhimbigTom.

他們叫他“大個子湯姆”。4、Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.

我們的這架古鋼琴存放在起居室里。5、Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalong

time.

我們家有這件樂器已經(jīng)很久了。Thisbookismine/thebookbelongstome/It'smypersonalbook/I'm

inpossessionof

thebook(主語是人）Thebookisinmypossession

Thishousebelongstomeanditbelongedtomyfathertenyeardsago.6、Theinstrumentwasboughtbymy

grandfathermanyyearsage.

是我祖父在很多年以前買的。主動語態(tài)：...7、Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.

可它最近被一個客人弄壞了。

Thecarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.mywatchisoutoforder我的表不走了（狀態(tài)）Mywatchwasdamaged（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作）主動語態(tài)...

8、Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!因?yàn)樗盟鼇韽椬嗑羰繕贰?/p>

playn.玩，演奏（樂器等）

①跟球類連用,直接球類;playfootball

②跟樂器連用,the樂器,演奏樂器而非音樂playtheguitar/piano/

③on.使用某種設(shè)備heisonthephone/I”monthecomputer9.Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.

她在擊琴鍵時用力過猛，損壞了兩根琴弦。hit/strike/press/touchthekeys10.Myfatherwasshocked.

我父親大為吃驚。MyfatherwasshockatitIwasveryshockedatwhatIsaw11.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.

不許我們再動它。NowMyfatherdoesn'tallowustotouchit12.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

父親的一個朋友正在修理這件樂器。

Isbeingrepaired是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)，表示正在被修理。

afriendofmyfather's此短語中"-s"結(jié)構(gòu)的所有格用于“of”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，構(gòu)成了雙重所有格。1)雙重所有格用來表示的所有關(guān)系是人，不是物。E.g.afriendofmyfather's=oneofmyfather'sfriends.（表示父親很多朋友中的一個）

SomepicturesofJohn's=someofJohn'spictures.

(約翰的許多照片中的一部分）

adollofhers-oneofherdolls.(她的許多布娃娃中的一個）2)雙重所有格還常用this,that,these和those修飾of短語前面的名詞，表示愛，恨，褒，貶等情感。E.g.Thissonofmine我這個兒子ThatdogofRobert's羅伯特的那條狗Thosedirtyhandsofyours你那骯臟的手bemadeof(sth)意思bemadefrom(sth)

bemadein(sp)bemadeby(sb)bemadeintobemademadein表示產(chǎn)地或時間---ItwasmadeinGermany.madeof表示用某種材料制成（通常指制造后不改變該材料原來的性質(zhì)或形狀）---Theteapotismadeofsilver.madefrom表示用數(shù)種材料制成，或者是制造后改變了材料原來的性質(zhì)或形狀---Papercanbemadefromwood.madeby表示由誰制造---Thiscakewasmadebymysister.bemadeinto被制成……---Thegoldismadeintoaring.1.Stampismade

paper.2.Tablesaremade

wood.3.Thiskindofpaperismade

_rags(破布).4.Papercanbemadeout

bamboo（竹子）.5.Beerismade

Barley(小麥).6.Thiskindofradioismade

Japan.7.Thisbeautifulcardismade

Tom.

ofoffromfromfrominby根據(jù)句子意思,用of,from,inby填空雙重所有格/雙重屬格:名詞+of+名詞所有格

雙重所有格/雙重屬格:名詞+of+名詞所有格-’s結(jié)構(gòu)通常用在人名和表示人稱的名詞的末尾，而of結(jié)構(gòu)則常與無生命的名詞連用。-’s結(jié)構(gòu)的所有格可用于of結(jié)構(gòu)之后，稱為雙重所有格。強(qiáng)調(diào)很多當(dāng)中的一個或幾個的時候,選用雙重屬格結(jié)構(gòu)afriendofmyfather/myfather'sfriend(s)只有一個朋友a(bǔ)friendofmyfather's很多朋友中的一個Ithappenedtoafriendofmine.我的很多朋友中的一個

afriendofmyfather’s我父親的一位朋友

thenameofthebookthecolorofthepicturethegirl’sname/Mary’sshoesabookofmysister’s被動語態(tài)ThePassiveVoiceConclusion:（一）被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be+done.被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者。當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。時態(tài)被動語態(tài)例句一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneItiscalledanapple.一般過去時was/were+doneThisbikewasboughtlastmonth.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are+beingdoneItisbeingrepairedthesedays.過去進(jìn)行時was/were+beingdoneHewasbeingpunishedwhenIcamein.現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+beendoneTheworkhasbeenfinished.過去完成時had+beendoneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbytheendofyesterday.一般將來時will/shall+bedoneTheworkwillbefinishedtomorrow.過去將來時would/should+bedoneHesaidthattheworkwouldbefinishednextweek.Myroomiscleaned(byme)everyday.房間每天被（我）打掃。1.一般現(xiàn)在時：

Icleanmyroomeveryday.

我每天打掃房間。主語+am/is/are+過去分詞PeopleinAustraliaspeakEnglish.Englishisspoken﹙bypeople﹚inAustralia.Practice:

Shewashedherclothesyesterday.她昨天洗了她的衣服。2.一般過去時：主語+was/were+過去分詞Herclotheswerewashed(byher)yesterday.她的衣服昨天被(她)洗了。Mr.Henryheardastrangenoiselastnight.Astrangenoisewasheardlastnight(byMr.Henry).Practice:3.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：Youcanpasstheexamifyoustudyhard.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就能通過考試。Theexamcanbepassed(byyou)ifyoustudyhard.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，考試就能被（你）通過。主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞Peoplemaycatchfishintheriver.Fishmaybecaughtintheriver(bypeople).Practice:4.一般將來時：主語+willbe+過去分詞Wewillhaveapartytomorrow.我們明天將舉行一個聚會。Apartywillbehadtomorrow(byus).一個聚會明天將被（我們）舉行。Mymotherwillmeetmeattheschoolgateafterclass.Iwillbemetattheschoolgateafterclass(bymymother).Practice:5.過去將來時：Wewouldhaveapartytomorrow.我們明天將舉行一個聚會。Apartywouldbehadtomorrow(byus).一個聚會明天將被（我們）舉行。主語+would/shouldbe+過去分詞Myfatherwouldmeetmeattheschoolgateafterclass.Iwouldbemetattheschoolgateafterclass(bymyfather).Practice:Theyarebuildingtheplaygroundnow.他們正在建操場。主語+am/is/are+being+過去分詞

6.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時:Theplaygroundisbeingbuiltnow(bythem).操場正被(他們)修建。Thestudentsareplantingmanytrees.ManyTreesarebeingplanted(bythestudents).Practice:Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthereadingroom.我正在做作業(yè).主語+was/were+being+過去分詞

6.過去進(jìn)行時:Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)inthereading.Thestudentswereplantingmanytrees.ManyTreeswerebeingplanted(bythestudents).Practice:7.現(xiàn)在完成時：主語+have/has

been+過去分詞Hehaseverreadthebookthreetimes.

他曾讀過這本書三遍。Thebookhaseverbeenreadthreetimes(byhim).

這本書曾被（他）讀過三遍。Theyhavekeptthepicturesfor2weeks.Thepictureshavebeenkeptfor2weeks(bythem).Practice:8.過去完成時：主語+had

been+過去分詞Ihadreadthisbooktwice.我已經(jīng)看過這本書兩次了.Thisbookhadbeenread(byme)twice.1.SheteachesthestudentsEnglisheveryyear.2.ShetaughtthestudentsEnglishlastyear.3.ShewillteachthestudentsEnglishnextyear.4.ShemayteachthestudentsEnglishnextyear..5.IknewthatshewouldteachthestudentsEnglish.ThestudentsaretaughtEnglisheveryyearbyher..ThestudentsweretaughtEnglishlastyearbyher.ThestudentswillbetaughtEnglishnextyearbyher.ThestudentsmaybetaughtEnglishbyhernextyear.IknewthatthestudentswouldbetaughtEnglishbyher.6.SheisteachingthestudentsEnglishnow.7.ShewasteachingthestudentsEnglishwhenIcamein.8.ShehastaughtthestudentsEnglishforthreeyears.9.ShehadtaughtthestudentsEnglishforthreeyearsbeforeIcamehere.ThestudentsarebeingtaughtEnglishbyhernow.ThestudentswerebeingtaughtEnglishwhenIcamein.ThestudentshavebeentaughtEnglishforthreeyears.ThestudentshadbeentaughtEnglishbyherforthreeyears.1.TheTVset

inJapan.A.madeB.makesC.ismade2.Thefloorofourclassroom____

everyday.A.iscleanedB.cleanedC.hascleanedCA3.Mybirdscan

byoneofmyfriendswhileI'maway.belookingafterB.lookafterC.belookedafter4.Iwasn'tathomeyesterday.I

tohelpwiththeharvestonthefarm.A.asked B.wasaskedC.wasasking D.hadaskedBC5.Grandpaisbadlyill.He

tohospitalatonce.mustsend B.mustbesentC.willsend D.maybesent6.Thecomputer

inJapanin2003andIhavehaditforonlyaweek.A.wasmade B.canbemadeC.ismade D.madeBA7.The30thOlympicGames______inBeijingin2012.A.isheldB.willholdC.willbeheld8.Somefamouspaintings____inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshownC.isshown D.willbeshownCDWehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.Itiscalledaclavichord.ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather's.

我家有件古樂器,被稱作古鋼琴,是1681年德國造的.我們的這架古鋼琴存放在起居室里.我們家有這件樂器已經(jīng)很久了,是我祖父在很多年以前買的.可它最近被一個客人弄壞了,因?yàn)樗盟鼇韽椬嗑羰繕?她在擊琴鍵時用力過猛,損壞了兩根琴弦.我父親大為吃驚,不許我們再動它.父親的一個朋友正在修理這件樂器.

Dowehaveanoldmusicalinstrumentoranewone?Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.2.Wherewastheclavichordmadein1681?ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.3.Whereistheclavichordkept?Itiskeptinthelivingroom.4.Whoboughttheoldmusicalinstrument?Mygrandfatherboughtitmanyyearsago.5.Whathappenedtotheclavichord?Avisitorstruckthekeystoohardandtwoofstringswerebroken.6.Whoisitbeingrepairedby?Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather’s.10.mp3

call

在這里的意思是“把……稱為”、“稱呼”，既可用于主動態(tài)，也可用于被動語態(tài)。callsb.sth./sb.becalled

稱某人為……，什么被稱為……---Whatdoyoucallthis?

你們把這稱為什么？belongto:屬于belong是一個表示狀態(tài)的動詞，而不是行為動詞，所以不能用于進(jìn)行時，常用的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。---Thisfarmbelongstomeanditbelongedtomyfatherbeforeme.