2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專題二閱讀七選五第三講依據(jù)線索詞匯解題課件

第三講依據(jù)線索詞匯解題技法一PART01第一部分技法一詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法[題型分析]介紹段落主旨時(shí)，常會(huì)有核心詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，但不是詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)，而是核心詞以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞等形式出現(xiàn)?？忌谧鲱}時(shí)，應(yīng)注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與原文意思相同、相近或相反的詞匯。[技法點(diǎn)撥][典例1](2023·浙江卷1月)Bringablanket.Whenyou‘reridingontrains,youwon’tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.38._____________________________________________

Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.[解析]

根據(jù)下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問(wèn)題，提醒乘客最好自備毛毯，C項(xiàng)中的“Thetemperature”與下文中的quitecold對(duì)應(yīng)，此處利用了上下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。[典例2](2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)?Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.38.___________________________________________Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination'slesser-knownsights?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E．Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F．You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G．Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.[解析]

根據(jù)本段主旨句“Getcreative.”及空后的內(nèi)容可知，本段鼓勵(lì)游客去一些地區(qū)性或知名度相對(duì)較低的景點(diǎn)旅游。E項(xiàng)承上啟下，介紹游客能選擇的其他旅游地，且該項(xiàng)中的relativelyundiscoveredplaces與下文中的lesser-knownsights構(gòu)成同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。[典例3](2022·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40._____________________________________________

_________________Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice?F．Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G．Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]

空前提到你和你的搭檔可能有不同的技能，空后提到隨著時(shí)間的推移，你和你的搭檔都會(huì)受益。由此可推斷空處應(yīng)承上啟下。different與difference是同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的體現(xiàn)。技法二PART02第二部分技法二代詞指代法[題型分析]代詞的使用主要是為了避免重復(fù)，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有時(shí)也用于指代前面提到的名詞或概念。巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系可以有效地幫助我們做出正確的選擇。代詞指代一定要注意兩種情況：1.選項(xiàng)中的代詞要特別關(guān)注；2.挖空后面的句子中的代詞要特別關(guān)注。[技法點(diǎn)撥][典例4](2024·浙江卷1月)Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.38._____________________

_________________________“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule，”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou'reaself-motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.

A．Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.A．Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.B．Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C．Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D．ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E．Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F．Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G．Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.[解析]

根據(jù)上文中的“Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是可以讓你隨時(shí)隨地學(xué)習(xí)，空處應(yīng)是與“學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)”有關(guān)的話題，且與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中that指代上文提到的“studyanywhereandanytime”。[典例5](2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Whichplantscanyougrow?

Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40.____________________________________________

______________________________，”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”

G.LearningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewardingA．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE．Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]

空后It指代該空內(nèi)容，說(shuō)明這樣做可以給人們的生活帶來(lái)新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并幫助人們?cè)鰪?qiáng)家與自然的聯(lián)系。故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。課堂新體驗(yàn)PART03第三部分Test1

(2024·南京師大附中一模)Chinahasbeenthebirthplaceofmanyoftheworld'sgreatestinventions.Itwas,forexample,thefirstcountrytoproducepapermoney.Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.體裁主題語(yǔ)境難度說(shuō)明文貨幣的發(fā)展過(guò)程★★☆☆☆1.__________________________________________________________

___________Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering(物物交換).1．B

空前提到，在紙幣和硬幣發(fā)明之前，人們用許多不同的東西來(lái)進(jìn)行買賣。B項(xiàng)就是那個(gè)時(shí)代買賣方式的一個(gè)例子，符合語(yǔ)境。

B．Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.

2．____________________________________________________

_____________In1200BCE,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(貝殼)asmoney.Usuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmall.Thismadeiteasierforpeopletocarrymoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodevelopbetweendifferentpartsofthecountry.2．D

根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，在公元前1200年，中國(guó)人開(kāi)始使用貝殼作為貨幣，這就使得攜帶錢到遠(yuǎn)方變得容易。所以上一段提到的用實(shí)物交換的方式不方便、不實(shí)用。D項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。

D．However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.

Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.3.__________________________

_________________________________________________3．E

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，在這項(xiàng)發(fā)明之后的幾年里，世界上許多其他國(guó)家也開(kāi)始這樣做，即使用貝殼作為貨幣。E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，E項(xiàng)中的They指代空前的othercountries。

E.Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.

Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BCE,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn‘tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.4.__________________________________________

_____________________________By500BCE,metalcoinshadbeguntoappearincountrieslikePersiaandGreece,andlaterintheRomanEmpire.4．G

根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，貨幣有了新的發(fā)展，即出現(xiàn)了金屬貨幣。G項(xiàng)中的coins在空前空后都有原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

G．Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.

About1，000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806CE,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.5.___________________________________________________________5．C

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，在公元806年，最初的紙幣是由中國(guó)人制作的。C項(xiàng)中的papercurrency對(duì)應(yīng)空前的paperbanknotes，屬于同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。C．ItwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrencyappearedinEurope.A．Peoplealsobegancollectingforeigncoinsassouvenirs.B．Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.C．ItwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrencyappearedinEurope.D．However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.E．Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.F．Astimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreased.G．Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹了中國(guó)的貨幣的發(fā)展過(guò)程：由實(shí)物交換到貝殼貨幣再到金屬圓硬幣，最后發(fā)明了紙幣。中國(guó)成為世界上第一個(gè)使用紙幣的國(guó)家。Test2

(2024·廣州一模)Someofthebestroadtripsareunplanned.Yousimplygrabafewitems,jumpinacarandsetoff.However,thisapproachinvolvessomerisk.體裁主題語(yǔ)境難度說(shuō)明文制定自駕游計(jì)劃★★★☆☆1.______________________________________That'swhythefirstruleofroadtripplanningistobringalongwhateveryoumightneedtohavefun.Somefood,aguitar,andacoolerfullofdrinkscangoalongway.1．B

上一句提到了“這種方法”；下一句提到，這就是為什么自駕游計(jì)劃的第一條規(guī)則是帶上你可能需要的任何東西以便玩得開(kāi)心。選項(xiàng)B具體描述了這種方法可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，承接上句；選項(xiàng)B中的boring與下一句的havefun相對(duì)應(yīng)，并解釋了下一句中要帶上任何可能需要的東西的原因，銜接合理，符合語(yǔ)境。B．Youmayendupinaboringpartoftown.

Planningaroadtripcanbealmostasfunasthetripitself.Somewell-designedtravelguidesmaybeofgreathelp.2.______________________

__________________________Forthelogically-minded,themanagementofspeed,fuel,accommodationandtimingdetailscanpresentarewardingjourney.2．D

上一句指出，一些精心設(shè)計(jì)的旅游指南可能會(huì)有很大幫助。選項(xiàng)D中的them指代上一句中的travelguides，并且進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了這些旅游指南會(huì)給人帶來(lái)的幫助，承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。

D．Aquicklookthroughthemcanfuelyourinspiration.

3．_____________________________________________________Highwaysmakeitpossibletodriveacrossanentirecountrywithoutseeinganythingormeetinganyone.Themoreyouskipfreewaysinfavorofscenichighways,themorelikelyyou'retogetoutofyourtrip.3．F

根據(jù)下文可知，選擇合適的道路，會(huì)在旅行中有著不同的收獲，選項(xiàng)F與下文語(yǔ)意銜接，符合語(yǔ)境。F.Whenplanningyourroute,considerwhatkindsofroadstotake.

Onceyou'vefiguredoutyourplanroughly,fillinthedetails,andbearinmindthatmapsandsatellitenavigationsystemsarenotalwaysuptodate.4.__________________________________________________________Remember,themoreyoupreparenow,thebetterequippedyou'llbeifyoudecide