湖南省長沙市雅禮教育集團(tuán)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷 含解析

高考資源網(wǎng)(）您身邊的高考專家（AI教學(xué)）訂購熱線禮教育集團(tuán)2024年下學(xué)期期末考試試卷高一英語時量：120分鐘分值：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題看上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howistheweathernow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.2.WhymightSimongohomelate?A.Todohishomework.B.TodinewithDave.C.Toplayfootball.3.WherewereThomas'sglassesfound?A.Inhisclassroom.B.Onthebasketballcourt.C.InRoom201.4.WhichmuseumdidDaisyvisit?A.TheScienceMuseum.B.TheNatureMuseum.C.TheArtMuseum.5.Whatdidthemandoduringtheweekend?A.Hewentsailing.B.HewatchedTV.C.Hevisitedacastle.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Husbandandwife.C,Managerandsecretary.7.WhydoesLucyfeeldown?A.Shegotsick.B.Sheatenothing.C.Shemadeamistake.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatisSusie'splanforSaturday?A.Finishingaproject.B.Collectingsomematerials.C.Doingsomeshopping.9.Howwillthespeakersprobablygettotheirdestination?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.10.WhatwillMattdonext?A.InviteJane.B.ContactJane.C.MeetJane.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhichsubjectdidJackperformbestin?A.History.B.Science.C.Chinese.12.HowdoesAmysound?A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Pleased13.WhatisJackadvisedtodo?A.Openuptohisparents.B.Studyhistoryatuniversity.C.Askformoreideas.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wheredidthemanfindthediscountactivity?A.Onthephone.B.Intheadvertisement.C.Onthewebsite.15.HowmuchistheProfessionalEditionnow?A.$270.B.$290.C.$300.16.Howdoesthewomanknowtheman'saddress?A.Throughhistext.B.Throughhisdescription.C.Throughhispurchaserecord.17.Whatdothespeakersdiscussatlast?A.Thedeliveryway.B.Thedeliverytime.C.Thedeliveryplace.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wherewerethefirstskisfound?A.InNorway.B.InSwitzerland.C.InChina.19.Whatdidskiingoriginallyserveas?A.Ameansoftransportation.B.Aformofrecreation.C.Atypeofexercise.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Thebenefitsofskiing.B.Thetechnologyofskiing.C.Thedevelopmentofskiing.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBestSchoolCampsinVictoriaBurnsideCampLocatedontheSurfCoastnearAnglesea,BurnsideCampissetover4-hectarebeautifulbushland(灌木叢)closetoopollution-freepeaches,Runningthroughouttheyear,BurnsideCampservesasafantasticbaseforgroupsofupto88students.Campprogramscentreonoutdooradventureactivities.Theseincludebiking,canoeing,andexcitingbushnighthikes.MillValleyRanchMillValleyRanchisoneofthebestschoolcampsinVictoriaforlargegroupsofstudents.Itcanaccommodateupto100students.AtMillValleyRanch,activityprogramstypicallycentreonconfidenceandcharacterbuilding.Whenoutdoors,thisseesyoungpeoplegiventheopportunitytoexperienceeverythingfromhorseridingtoarchery(射箭).However,itisalsopossibletoorganizeawiderangeofotherteamgamesandactivities.CampWilkinSetinAnglesea,CampWilkincoversa15-acreareahometoresidentkangaroos,whichisineasyreachofquietbushwalksandfantasticbeaches.ItoffersthebestschoolcampaccommodationinVictoriaforlargegroups,accommodatingupto163students.Anditalsooffersavarietyofoutdooractivityprograms.Campfacilitiesincludelargemeetingroomssuitableforeverythingfrompresentationstogrouplearningactivities.HallsGapHallsGapcanholdupto56students.OneofthebestschoolcampsinVictoriafornaturalsightseeing,itfeaturesreservedactivitiestakingtheformofshortjourneystoexperiencesomeofthelargestwaterfallsinVictoria.HallsGapCampstudentscanalsojoininrockclimbing.Suchactivitiesareinthecompanyoflocaltourguides.1.WhatcanstudentsdoatBurnsideCamp?A.Learntorepairbikes. B.Runtheirownstartups.C.Attendarcherylessons. D.Goonbushnighthikes.2.Whichcampcanholdthelargestnumberofstudents?A.HallsGap. B.BurnsideCamp. C.CampWilkin. D.MillValleyRanch.3.WhatisspecialaboutHallsGap?A.ItisthebestcampinVictoria. B.Itrequiresadvancebooking.C.Itfeaturesoutdooractivities. D.Itcentresoncharacterbuilding.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了維多利亞州四所最佳學(xué)校露營基地及其特色活動?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BurnsideCamp標(biāo)題下的“Theseincludebiking,canoeing,andexcitingbushnighthikes.(其中包括騎自行車、劃獨(dú)木舟和令人興奮的叢林之夜徒步旅行)”可知，學(xué)生們可以在BurnsideCamp參加令人興奮的叢林之夜徒步之旅。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CampWilkin標(biāo)題下的“ItoffersthebestschoolcampaccommodationinVictoriaforlargegroups,accommodatingupto163students.(它為大型團(tuán)體提供了維多利亞州最好的學(xué)校營地住宿，最多可容納163名學(xué)生)”可知，CampWilkin能夠容納163名學(xué)生，和其他三個相比，它的可接待量最大。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HallsGap標(biāo)題下的“OneofthebestschoolcampsinVictoriafornaturalsightseeing,itfeaturesreservedactivitiestakingtheformofshortjourneystoexperiencesomeofthelargestwaterfallsinVictoria.(它是維多利亞州最好的自然觀光學(xué)校營地之一，以需預(yù)定的短途旅行的形式體驗維多利亞州一些最大的瀑布為特色)”可知，HallsGap的獨(dú)特之處在于需要提前預(yù)定。故選BBHighschoolendedandallIrememberedwasfeelingstuck.Mostofmypeers(同齡人)hadpickedouttheirmajorsandsomeevenplannedtheircareers.ButIwasstillwonderingaboutthat.I’vealwaysenjoyedwritingbutdidn’tknowhowtomakeacareeroutofit.Afterresearchingmyoptions,suchasjournalism,IthoughtProfessionalCommunicationscouldimprovemywritingskillsandleadmetoacareerinbusiness.Withthat,Isentinmyapplication,wasacceptedandstartedpreparingformyfirsttermofuniversity.Whencourseintentionsrolledaround,Ibeganlookingatthelistofminors.Marketingcaughtmyattention.Itwouldcomplement(補(bǔ)充)mycommunicationsdegreewhileprovidingmewiththenecessarybusinesscoursesthatwereoutsideoftheprogram.Withouthesitation,Ischeduledmarketingintomystudies,withthegoalofusingthatnewfoundknowledgetoaccompanythetechnicalskillsthatmymajorwouldprovidemewith.Myschoolyearbeganinaprettytypicalway:theorientationweek(迎新周),joiningclubsandmeetingnewpeople.Astimewenton,Ifoundmyselfenjoyingthemarketingcoursesmorethanthecommunicationscourses,anditwasthenthatIfirstbegantoconsidermakingachange.Finally,Ispokewithafriendwhohadswitchedtoadifferentmajor,andhiswordsofencouragementwerethefinalpushIneededtogothroughwiththedecision.Afewdayslater,Isentinmyapplication,andsoonIreceivedmyacceptanceletter.I’venowbeengiftedwithawonderfulstarttotheyear,andIcouldn’tbehappieraboutmakingthechange.Ifeellesspressuredto“findmyself”andcanput110%effortintomystudies.Anotetohighschoolstudents:Universitybringswithitaloadofnewbeginningsandself-reflection.It’sperfectlyfinetocomeintouniversitythinkingyouwantonethingandfindingoutalongthewaythatitmightnotbetherightpathforyou.4.Whywastheauthoratalossafterhighschool?A.Shesufferedfromalackofconfidence.B.Shefellbehindherpeersinperformance.C.Shewasafraidtochooseawronguniversity.D.Shestruggledtodecideafuturedirection.5.Whichaspectofmarketingattractedtheauthor?A.Itsbusinesscourses. B.Itsexcitingcareeropportunities.C.Itsstressontechnicalskills. D.Itscoursesrelatedtowriting.6.Whatledtheauthortothinkaboutchanginghermajor?A.Theactiveencouragementfromafriend.B.Reducedinterestincommunications.C.Thegrowingpassionformarketingcourses.D.Accesstonumerousnewopportunities.7.Whatdoestheauthoradvisehighschoolstudentstodo?A.Thinktwiceaboutmajorselection.B.Beopentochangingacademicpaths.C.Concentratealltheireffortsonstudy.DEngageinself-reflectionconsistently.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在高中畢業(yè)后選專業(yè)和大學(xué)期間更換專業(yè)的心路歷程。作者通過自身經(jīng)歷告訴讀者，大學(xué)不僅是學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)場所，更是個人探索和自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的舞臺，鼓勵學(xué)生在大學(xué)期間探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)適合自己的道路。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“HighschoolendedandallIrememberedwasfeelingstuck.Mostofmypeers(同齡人)hadpickedouttheirmajorsandsomeevenplannedtheircareers.ButIwasstillwonderingaboutthat.(高中結(jié)束了，我只記得被困住了。我的大多數(shù)同齡人都選擇了自己的專業(yè)，有些人甚至計劃了自己的職業(yè)生涯。但我仍對此感到疑惑。)”可知，作者在高中畢業(yè)后感到迷茫主要是因為她在確定未來方向上遇到了難題。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Itwouldcomplement(補(bǔ)充)mycommunicationsdegreewhileprovidingmewiththenecessarybusinesscoursesthatwereoutsideoftheprogram.Withouthesitation,Ischeduledmarketingintomystudies,withthegoalofusingthatnewfoundknowledgetoaccompanythetechnicalskillsthatmymajorwouldprovidemewith.(它將補(bǔ)充我的溝通學(xué)位，同時為我提供課程之外的必要商業(yè)課程。我毫不猶豫地將市場營銷納入我的學(xué)習(xí)計劃，目的是利用新學(xué)到的知識來配合我的專業(yè)將為我提供的技術(shù)技能。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為市場營銷能夠作為她傳播學(xué)學(xué)位的補(bǔ)充，同時也能提供課程之外的必要的商業(yè)知識，也就是說市場營銷對作者的吸引力主要在于它的商業(yè)課程。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Astimewenton,Ifoundmyselfenjoyingthemarketingcoursesmorethanthecommunicationscourses,anditwasthenthatIfirstbegantoconsidermakingachange.(隨著時間的推移，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更喜歡營銷課程而不是溝通課程，就在那時，我第一次開始考慮做出改變。)”可知，作者在大學(xué)期間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更喜歡營銷課程，而不是最初選擇的傳播學(xué)課程，這促使作者考慮轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)。故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It’sperfectlyfinetocomeintouniversitythinkingyouwantonethingandfindingoutalongthewaythatitmightnotbetherightpathforyou.(進(jìn)入大學(xué)時，你認(rèn)為自己想要一件事，但一路上發(fā)現(xiàn)這可能不是你的正確選擇，這是完全可以的。)”以及結(jié)合作者轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)的經(jīng)歷及其對待轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)的態(tài)度“Icouldn’tbehappieraboutmakingthechange(做出改變，我高興極了)”可推斷，作者建議高中生對在大學(xué)中改變初衷或者改變學(xué)術(shù)道路（轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)）持開放態(tài)度。故選B項。CAnutrient-rich(營養(yǎng)豐富)dietwithfewaddedsugarsmayslowratesofbiologicalaginginwomen,anewresearchsuggests.Scientistsfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhoatemorefoodspackedwithvitamins,mineralsandantioxidants(抗氧化物)had“younger-looking”cellsthanthosewhohadlesshealthydiets.Theyjudgedwhetheracellwasyoungbylookingmethyl(甲基)groups,onthesurfaceofDNA.Thepatternofthesemethylgroupschangesasweage,whichisbelievedtoincreasecellularaging.“Sugarsarelinkedtoworsenedhealthandearlydiseasepossiblymorethananyotherfoodfactor.”co-authorElissaEpel,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,saidinastatement.Epelandhercolleaguesanalyzedfoodrecordsof342womenoverthreedays.Theteamthenscoredeachwoman’sdietbasedonhowcloselyitfollowedvariousestablisheddiets:Whilenutrient-richdietsweretiedtoslowedaging,addedsugarsseemedtocontroltheeffect.Inthestudy,womenwhoconsumedhigheramountsofaddedsugarsshowedsignsoffastercellularagingcomparedtoothers,eveniftheyateotherhealthydiet.“Addedsugars”refertosugarsthatareaddedtofoodduringproductionsuchasthoseinsugareddrinksandbakedgoods,asopposedtothenaturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables.Thenewstudyisoneofthefirsttodemonstratealinkbetweenaddedsugarconsumptionandcellularaging,theauthorssaid.Theteamcalculatedtheparticipants’agesbylookingattheDNAmethylationofcellswithsamples.Thesedatashowedthelinksbetweendietandcellularaging,buttheywereonlyatipoftheiceberg.Infact,moreresearchisneededtoassesshowfollowingthesedietsmightaffectaginginthelongrun.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Abalanceddietislinkedtopeople’shealth.B.Alow-sugarhealthydietmaydelaywomen’saging.C.Thesugaryfoodhasnoeffectonthewomen’sbody.D.Theaddedsugarsslowdownpeople’sbiologicalaging.9.Whichofthefollowingfoodmaymakecellsagefasteraccordingtoparagraph3?A.Puremilk. B.Chinesecabbage. C.Birthdaycakes. D.Freshwatermelons.10.HowdidEpelandhercolleaguesconducttheirstudy?A.Bygivinganexample. B.ByintroducingaconceptC.Bymakingacomparison D.Byraisingsomequestions.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thestudylacksfurthersupport.B.Therearedataerrorsinthestudy.C.People’sagecanbechangedbydiet.D.Sugarydietaffectshealthinthelongrun.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)減少添加糖的攝入有助于中年女性細(xì)胞“保持年輕”，說明低糖健康飲食對女性生物老化的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anutrient-rich(營養(yǎng)豐富)dietwithfewaddedsugarsmayslowratesofbiologicalaginginwomen,anewresearchsuggests.(一項新研究表明，營養(yǎng)豐富、添加糖少的飲食可能會減緩女性的生物衰老速度)”可知，研究表明，低糖且健康的飲食可能延緩女性的衰老。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthestudy,womenwhoconsumedhigheramountsofaddedsugarsshowedsignsoffastercellularagingcomparedtoothers,eveniftheyateotherhealthydiet.“Addedsugars”refertosugarsthatareaddedtofoodduringproductionsuchasthoseinsugareddrinksandbakedgoods,asopposedtothenaturallyoccurringsugarsfoundinmilk,fruitsandvegetables.(在這項研究中，與其他人相比，攝入更多添加糖的女性表現(xiàn)出更快的細(xì)胞衰老跡象，即使她們吃了其他健康的飲食?！疤砑犹恰笔侵冈谏a(chǎn)過程中添加到食品中的糖，如含糖飲料和烘焙食品中的糖分，而不是牛奶、水果和蔬菜中天然存在的糖分)”可知，添加糖的食物，例如生日蛋糕，會使得細(xì)胞衰老更快。故選C項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Epelandhercolleaguesanalyzedfoodrecordsof342womenoverthreedays.Theteamthenscoredeachwoman’sdietbasedonhowcloselyitfollowedvariousestablisheddiets:Whilenutrient-richdietsweretiedtoslowedaging,addedsugarsseemedtocontroltheeffect.Inthestudy,womenwhoconsumedhigheramountsofaddedsugarsshowedsignsoffastercellularagingcomparedtoothers,eveniftheyateotherhealthydiet.(Epel和她的同事在三天內(nèi)分析了342名女性的飲食記錄。然后，研究小組根據(jù)每個女性的飲食與各種既定飲食的密切程度對其進(jìn)行評分：雖然營養(yǎng)豐富的飲食與延緩衰老有關(guān)，但添加的糖似乎控制了這種影響。在這項研究中，與其他人相比，攝入更多添加糖的女性表現(xiàn)出更快的細(xì)胞衰老跡象，即使她們吃了其他健康的飲食)”可知，Epel和同事通過比較不同飲食與細(xì)胞老化之間的關(guān)系來進(jìn)行研究。故選C項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesedatashowedthelinksbetweendietandcellularaging,buttheywereonlyatipoftheiceberg.Infact,moreresearchisneededtoassesshowfollowingthesedietsmightaffectaginginthelongrun.(這些數(shù)據(jù)顯示了飲食與細(xì)胞衰老之間的聯(lián)系，但它們只是冰山一角。事實(shí)上，需要更多的研究來評估長期遵循這些飲食會如何影響衰老)”可知，還需要進(jìn)行更多的研究，由此推知，該研究缺乏進(jìn)一步的支持。故選A項。DNotallawardsareashonorableastheNobelPrize,whichisworld-famousforgivingprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature(文學(xué)),science,and—perhapsmostimportantly—peace.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemforrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardsceremoniesforallkindsofthings.TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthefilmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditis.It’snotonlyfilms—nowtherearealsoGrammies,BritsandtheMTVawardsformusic.TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforaBritishartist—eachyearitcausescontroversybygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,puttinganimalsinglasscasesor—thisyear—buildingagardenshed.Peoplebegantowonderwhethertheseworkswereworththehugeprize!Awardsarenotonlyforthearts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheyearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange—sometimesawardscanbegoodtogivethehonortopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon’tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren’tshortofmoney!Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsored(贊助)bybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits—butalsothesponsors.Formanypeople,itseemstobea“win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion—howfardoyouthinkthatpublicity(宣傳)andmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchrealhonorofachievementistakingplace?12.Whichofthefollowingawardwilltheauthorrecognizeashonorable?A.TheNobelPrize B.TheTurnerPrizeC.TheOscars D.WorldFootballeroftheYear13.Whichofthefollowstatementsdoesthewritermayagreewith?A.OnlygreatpeoplelikeShakespeareshouldbeawarded.B.Notallawardsandprizesgotopeoplewhodeserveit.C.Awardsshouldbegreentopeoplewithmoneyproblems.D.Organizationsandcompaniesshouldstayawayfromawardsceremonies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“controversy”inparagraph2probablymean?A.prizes B.losses C.agreements D.arguments15.Thewriterbelievestheawardsshouldbegivento______.A.praisethewinners B.rewardpeoplewithunusualtalentsC.improvemarketing D.honortherealachievements【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了現(xiàn)在存在很多獎項和頒獎儀式，雖然獎項可以給予人們榮譽(yù)或幫助經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的人繼續(xù)工作，但是現(xiàn)在的大部分獎項都是由大型組織或公司贊助的，其真正的榮譽(yù)和成就值得思考?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NotallawardsareashonorableastheNobelPrize(并非所有的獎項都像諾貝爾獎一樣榮耀)”可知，作者認(rèn)為諾貝爾獎是榮耀的獎項。故選A項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.(為什么最近出現(xiàn)了這么多的獎項和頒獎儀式？莎士比亞從未獲得過獎項，達(dá)芬奇、亞當(dāng)·斯密或查爾斯·狄更斯也從未獲得過。)”和第五段“Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsored(贊助)bybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits—butalsothesponsors.(現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)頒獎典禮都是由大型組織或公司贊助的。這意味著受益的不僅是獲獎?wù)?，還有贊助商。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為不是所有的獎項都頒給了應(yīng)得的人。B選項“Notallawardsandprizesgotopeoplewhodeserveit.(并不是所有的獎項和獎品都給了實(shí)至名歸的人。)”符合題意。故選B項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在的句子“TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforaBritishartist—eachyearitcauses…bygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,puttinganimalsinglasscasesor—thisyear—buildingagardenshed.Peoplebegantowonderwhethertheseworkswereworththehugeprize!(特納獎是授予一位英國藝術(shù)家的獎項，每年都會引起……，因為它會給那些做一些事情的藝術(shù)家大量的錢，比如展示他們的床，把動物放在玻璃柜里，或者今年建造一個花園小屋。人們開始懷疑這些作品是否值得獲得巨額獎金！)”可知，因為特納獎會給那些做一些事情的藝術(shù)家大量的錢，比如展示他們的床，把動物放在玻璃柜里，或者今年建造一個花園小屋。人們開始懷疑這些作品是否值得獲得巨額獎金！由此可知，爭劃線詞與D選項“arguments(爭論)”為同義詞。故選D項。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Formanypeople,itseemstobea“win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion—howfardoyouthinkthatpublicity(宣傳)andmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchrealhonorofachievementistakingplace?(對許多人來說，這似乎是一個“雙贏”的局面，每個人都很高興，但讓我問你一個問題——你認(rèn)為宣傳和營銷在這里有多大的作用，又有多少真正的榮譽(yù)和成就正在發(fā)生？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為獎項應(yīng)該被授予真正的成就，而不是宣傳和營銷。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Travelingalonecanbeaverysatisfyingandfunexperience.Itcanalsobedangerouswithouttheproperpreparation.___16___,youcanmakeexcellentmemoriescarrywithyouforever.Planyourtransportationaheadoftime.Gettingaroundbyyourselfinanewplacecanbechallenging.Takethetimetoresearchthebesttransportationtoyourdestination.___17___,makesureyouknowhowtogettoyouraccommodations.Bookyouraccommodationsaheadoftime.Beforeyougetthere,makesureyouknowwhereyou’llbesleepingeverynight.___18___.Asasolo(單獨(dú)的)traveler,apartmentsandhotelscanbeaffordablechoicesifyou’retravelingonabudget(預(yù)算).Educateyourselfonyourdestinationanditscustoms.Asasolotraveler,it’simportantthatyou’reawareofeverythinggoingonaroundyou.Researchitsculturetoavoidanyawkwardsituations.___19___,studykeyphrasesandthecorrectpronunciations.___20___.It’salwaysbesttomakesuresomeoneknowswhereyouarewhenyou’retravelingalone.ChoosingafriendorafamilymemberisOK.Scheduleregularcallsoremailswiththemduringyourtripsothattheyknowyou’reOK.A.OnceyouarriveattheairportorstationB.WriteyourschedulewiththehelpofpeopleC.ShareyourschedulewithsomeonethatyoutrustD.WiththerightplanningandpreparationforanythingE.IfyouarevisitingaforeignlanguagespeakingcountryF.Itwon’tcostyoutoomuchifbookingaccommodationsonlineG.Bookingaccommodationsaheadoftimewillhelpyouavoidhighcosts【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了獨(dú)自旅行時做好正確的計劃和準(zhǔn)備的建議?！?6題詳解】前文“Travelingalonecanbeaverysatisfyingandfunexperience.Itcanalsobedangerouswithouttheproperpreparation.(獨(dú)自旅行可以是一個非常令人滿意和有趣的經(jīng)歷。如果沒有適當(dāng)?shù)臏?zhǔn)備，它也可能是危險的)”說明如果沒有準(zhǔn)備，獨(dú)自旅行會很危險，后文“youcanmakeexcellentmemoriescarrywithyouforever(你可以讓美好的回憶永遠(yuǎn)伴隨著你)”說明有美好回憶的情況，因此D項“Withtherightplanningandpreparationforanything(對任何事情都有正確的計劃和準(zhǔn)備)”符合語境，建議做好計劃和準(zhǔn)備，承接前文提到的危險，是后文情況發(fā)生的條件，其中的preparation和前文的preparation是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?7題詳解】前文“Takethetimetoresearchthebesttransportationtoyourdestination.(花點(diǎn)時間研究一下到達(dá)目的地的最佳交通方式)”建議研究好交通方式，后文“makesureyouknowhowtogettoyouraccommodations(確保你知道如何到達(dá)你的住處)”說明需知道到達(dá)住處的方式，因此A項“Onceyouarriveattheairportorstation(一旦你到達(dá)機(jī)場或車站)”符合語境，引出到達(dá)機(jī)場或車站的情景，承前啟后，其中的theairportorstation和前文的transportation、后文的accommodations呼應(yīng)。故選A?！?8題詳解】前文“Bookyouraccommodationsaheadoftime.Beforeyougetthere,makesureyouknowwhereyou’llbesleepingeverynight.(提前預(yù)定住宿。在你去那里之前，確保你知道你每天晚上要睡在哪里)”建議提前預(yù)定住宿，因此G項“Bookingaccommodationsaheadoftimewillhelpyouavoidhighcosts(提前預(yù)定住宿可以幫助你避免高昂的費(fèi)用)”符合語境，解釋這樣做的好處，承接前文，其中的Bookingaccommodationsaheadoftime呼應(yīng)本段第一句的內(nèi)容。故選G?！?9題詳解】后文“studykeyphrasesandthecorrectpronunciations(學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)短語和正確的發(fā)音)”建議學(xué)習(xí)語言方面的知識，因此E項“Ifyouarevisitingaforeignlanguagespeakingcountry(如果你正在拜訪一個說外語的國家)”符合語境，引出“去說外語的國家”的情況，契合后文內(nèi)容。故選E。【20題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容。后文“It’salwaysbesttomakesuresomeoneknowswhereyouarewhenyou’retravelingalone.ChoosingafriendorafamilymemberisOK.(當(dāng)你獨(dú)自旅行時，最好確保有人知道你在哪里。選擇一個朋友或家庭成員是可以的)”說明獨(dú)自旅行應(yīng)和他人保持聯(lián)絡(luò)，因此C項“Shareyourschedulewithsomeonethatyoutrust(與你信任的人分享你的日程安排)”符合語境，建議告知信任的人自己的日程安排，契合后文內(nèi)容，其中的someonethatyoutrust和后文的afriendorafamilymember呼應(yīng)。故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Theyweregatheringatthestartingline—runnersofallages,shapesandsizes—preparingforthefirst5Kofthespringseason.IknewthisbecauseIhad___21___atthepark’spublicrestroomonmywaytobuydonutsand___22___thehugebanner(橫幅)announcingtherace.Forsomereason,Idecidedtositonthegrassandwatchtheracebegin.Iwasfascinatedbythe___23___Iwitnessed.Therewereteenagersandgrandmas,mamaswithbabiesstrapped(捆)totheir___24___,anddadsfollowedbytheiryoungsonsanddaughters.___25___werehappeningeverywherebeforetheofficials___26___forthestart.Everyonelookedgladtobethere—proud,___27___.Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm.Theideaofrunningforanyreason___28___chasingdownanice-creamtruckhadneverbeen___29___tome.Astherunnerstooktheirplaces,Iheard___30___fromthebleachers(看臺).“Go,Barbara!Yougotthis,Mama!”“Grandpa,weloveyou!We’resoproudofyou.”Idecidedtostayandwatch.Forsomereasontheracebecameastudyinhumannature.Iwas___31___bytheexcitement.Whowouldcrosslinefirst?Howlonghadthatpersonbeenrunning?Whendidheorshebecome___32___tothesport?Forthefirsttimeinages,somethingattractedmelongenoughthatdonutstookabackseat.Ididn’tstopfordonutsthatday,Ican’ttellyou___33___why.Icantellyouthatsomethingtransformative___34___thatraceday.NowwhenIstopattheparktousethepublicrestroom,Ialsorunthequarter-miletrack.Someday,Ihopetohearmyfamily’svoicescomingfromthosebleacherswhentheyseeNanny___35___thefinishline.21.A.stopped B.aimed C.stared D.arrived22.A.imagined B.explored C.remembered D.noticed23.A.friendliness B.kindness C.patience D.diversity24.A.arms B.legs C.backs D.hands25.A.high-fives B.push-ups C.thumb-ups D.sit-ups26.A.prepared B.searched C.signaled D.waited27.A.forfree B.inshort C.forexample D.infact28.A.morethan B.otherthan C.ratherthan D.lessthan29.A.appealing B.confusing C.comforting D.frightening30.A.whispering B.cheering C.laughing D.crying31.A.confused B.scared C.attracted D.saddened32.A.devoted B.friendly C.sensitive D.familiar33.A.carefully B.obviously C.vividly D.exactly34.A.disappeared B.happened C.returned D.survived35.A.cross B.find C.leave D.draw【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.B31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在去買甜甜圈的路上偶然看到了春季第一個五公里賽跑的比賽現(xiàn)場，各種年齡、身材、體型的運(yùn)動員聚集在一起，激情滿滿地為比賽做準(zhǔn)備，看臺上的親友團(tuán)們也充滿熱情地為他們喝彩加油，作者被深深地吸引，內(nèi)心因此產(chǎn)生了觸動，從此作者也開始了跑步，生活也變得有所不同?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道這一點(diǎn)，因為我在去買甜甜圈的路上在公園的公共廁所停了下來，注意到宣布比賽的巨大橫幅。A.stopped停止、停下來；B.aimed針對、瞄準(zhǔn)；C.stared盯著、凝視；D.arrived到達(dá)。根據(jù)句中“publicrestroom”和“onmywaytobuydonuts”及常識可知，作者應(yīng)該是在去買甜甜圈的路上要去公共廁所，所以停了下來。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道這一點(diǎn)，因為我在去買甜甜圈的路上在公園的公共廁所停了下來，注意到宣布比賽的巨大橫幅。A.imagined想象；B.explored探索；C.remembered記住；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)下文“Forsomereason,Idecidedtositonthegrassandwatchtheracebegin.”（出于某種原因，我決定坐在草地上觀看比賽開始。）可知，作者停下后應(yīng)該是看到了宣布比賽的橫幅，然后決定觀看比賽開始的。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被我所看到的多樣性所吸引。A.friendliness友好；B.kindness善良；C.patience耐心；D.diversity多樣性、多元化。根據(jù)上文“Theyweregatheringatthestartingline-runnersofallages,shapesandsizes”（他們聚集在起跑線上，各種年齡、身形和體形的跑步者）和下文“Therewereteenagersandgrandmas,mamaswithbabiesstrapped(捆)totheir4,anddadsfollowedbytheiryoungsonsanddaughters.”（有十幾歲的少年和老奶奶，背著嬰兒的媽媽，還有帶著年幼兒女的爸爸。）可知，參加比賽的選手包括各種年齡、不同身形，不同性別的，非常多樣化。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有十幾歲的少年和老奶奶，背著嬰兒的媽媽，還有帶著年幼兒女的爸爸。A.arms胳膊；B.legs腿；C.backs后背；D.hands手。根據(jù)句中“mamaswithbabiesstrapped(捆)to”和常識可知，應(yīng)該是媽媽要參加比賽，應(yīng)該是把寶寶綁在背上，背著跑的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在官員發(fā)出開始信號之前，到處都在擊掌。A.high-fives擊掌；B.push-ups俯臥撐；C.thumb-ups點(diǎn)贊；D.sit-ups仰臥起坐。根據(jù)下文“Everyonelookedgladtobethere—proud”（每個人看起來都很高興來到這里，自豪著）和常識可知，每個人都很高興自豪，所以在比賽開始前，應(yīng)該是相互擊掌鼓勵。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在官員發(fā)出開始信號之前，到處都在擊掌。A.prepared準(zhǔn)備；B.searched尋找；C.signaled發(fā)信號；D.waited等待。根據(jù)下文“forthestart”和常識可知，比賽開始需要由官員們發(fā)出信號示意的。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：每個人看起來都很高興來到這里——實(shí)際上是自豪。A.forfree免費(fèi)；B.inshort短缺；C.forexample例如；D.infact實(shí)際上。根據(jù)下文“Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了這樣的熱情。）可知，參賽的選手們都非常高興，充滿了熱情，可見他們實(shí)際上對自己參加比賽非常自豪。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：除了追趕一輛冰激凌車之外，為了任何原因跑步的想法從來沒有吸引過我。A.morethan多于、不僅僅；B.otherthan除了……之外；C.ratherthan而不是；D.lessthan少于。根據(jù)前文“Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了這樣的熱情。）和下文的“Forthefirsttimeinages,somethingattractedmelongenoughthatdonutstookabackseat.”（這么多年來，第一次有東西吸引了我，讓我把甜甜圈退居二線。）可知，作者愛吃甜甜圈，有可能產(chǎn)生追趕一輛冰激凌車的想法，除此之外，作者應(yīng)該沒有產(chǎn)生過參加跑步比賽的想法，因為她不明白這些選手為什么會對跑步有這么大的熱情。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了追趕一輛冰淇淋車之外，為了任何原因跑步的想法對我從無吸引力。A.appealing有吸引力的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.comforting令人欣慰的；D.frightening令人害怕的。根據(jù)前文“Iwonderedwhatarousedsuchenthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了這樣的熱情。）可知，作者不明白這些選手為什么會對跑步有那么大的熱情，可見參加跑步的想法對她從來沒有吸引力。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)賽跑運(yùn)動員各就各位時，我聽到看臺上的歡呼加油聲。A.whispering小聲說；B.cheering歡呼、喝彩；C.laughing大笑；D.crying大哭。根據(jù)下文““Go,Barbara!