【八下英語北師大版】Unit 5 知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

Unit5Memories知識(shí)精講一、必背詞匯memorable

adj.

難忘的confident

adj.

自信的poem

n.

詩pity

n.

遺憾；同情，憐憫happiness

n.

幸福mostly

adv.

主要地；一般地childhood

n.

童年，幼年count

v.

計(jì)數(shù)；數(shù)數(shù)fill

v.

（使）充滿，填滿judge

v.

評(píng)價(jià)，判斷influence

n.

影響，作用mention

v.

提到，說到good-looking

adj.

漂亮的，好看的PrimeMinister

n.

首相；總理war

n.

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)curtain

n.

窗簾German

adj.

德國的bomb

v.轟炸n.

炸彈luckily

adv.

幸運(yùn)地marry

v.

（和某人）結(jié)婚army

n.

軍隊(duì)enemy

n.

敵人available

adj.

可獲得的machine

n.

機(jī)器airconditioner

空調(diào)cooker

n.

炊具，廚灶dishwasher

n.

洗碗機(jī)recordplayer

唱機(jī)tiny

adj.

極小的，微小的central

adj.

中央的；主要的centralheating

中央供暖wet

adj.

潮的，濕的mainly

adv.

大部分；主要地round

adv.

周圍adj.圓形的lemon

n.

檸檬second-hand

adj.

二手的，舊的weekday

n.

工作日theatre

n.

劇院；電影院；戲劇unforgettable

adj.

難以忘懷的bleed

v.

流血frightened

adj.

受驚的；害怕的pain

n.

疼痛ambulance

n.

救護(hù)車二、重點(diǎn)詞匯1.memorable

adjective/?mem?r?b?l/likelytoberememberedorworthremembering

難忘的；值得紀(jì)念的例句：Thesoldierhasfoughtmanymemorablebattles.這個(gè)士兵參加過許多難忘的戰(zhàn)斗。Tomethisisthemostmemorableperiodofmypoeticcareer.對(duì)我來說，這是我詩歌生涯中最值得紀(jì)念的一段時(shí)期。2.confident

adjective/?k?nf?d?nt/havingconfidence

自信的；有信心的；確信的；有把握的；信任的例句：Beabitmoreconfidentinyourself!你應(yīng)該再自信一點(diǎn)！Areyouconfidentthatenoughpeoplewillattendtheevent?你確信會(huì)有足夠的人參加這項(xiàng)賽事嗎？3.judge

noun/d??d?/1).n.apersonwhoisinchargeofatrialinacourtanddecideshowapersonwhoisguiltyofacrimeshouldbepunished,orwhomakesdecisionsonlegalmatters

法官；審判員例句：Thejudgedispensesthelawwithoutbias.這名法官執(zhí)法公正無私。Henarratedtheeventsoftheafternoontothejudge.他向法官敘述了那天下午發(fā)生的事情。2).n.thepersonwhoofficiallydecideswhoisthewinnerofacompetition（比賽的）裁判員，評(píng)判員例句：I’vebeenaskedtobethejudgeofthechildren’spoetrycompetition.我受邀為兒童詩歌比賽當(dāng)評(píng)委。3).v.toform,give,orhaveasanopinion,ortodecideaboutsomethingorsomeone,especiallyafterthinkingcarefully

（尤指認(rèn)真考慮之后）斷定，判斷，估計(jì)例句：Sofar,heseemstobehandlingthejobwell,butit’sreallytoosoontojudge.到目前為止，他的工作看起來還干得不錯(cuò)，但現(xiàn)在下結(jié)論還為時(shí)過早。It’sdifficulttojudgewhetherthenewsystemreallyisanimprovement.很難判斷新系統(tǒng)是否真的有所進(jìn)步。4.influence

noun&verb/??nflu?ns/1).n.thepowertohaveaneffectonpeopleorthings,orapersonorthingthatisabletodothis影響，作用；有影響的人（或物）例句：Helen’sagoodinfluenceonhim.海倫對(duì)他有好的影響。Atthetimeshewasundertheinfluenceofherfather.她當(dāng)時(shí)受到父親的影響。2).v.toaffectorchangehowsomeoneorsomethingdevelops,behaves,orthinks影響例句：She’sverygoodatmakingfriendsandinfluencingpeople.她很擅長交友并對(duì)他人施加影響。Whatinfluencedyoutochooseacareerinnursing?什么使你選擇了護(hù)士這個(gè)職業(yè)？5.mention

verb&noun/?men??n/1).v.tospeakaboutsomethingquickly,givinglittledetailorusingfewwords提及，說起，談到例句：I’llmentionyourideastoJacinta.我會(huì)跟哈辛塔說一下你的想法。Hecasuallymentioned(that)hewasleavinghisjob.他不經(jīng)意地提到他要辭職了。2).n.ashortremarkorwrittenstatement

提及；簡(jiǎn)短的陳述例句：Thestorydidn’tevengetamentioninthenewspaper.報(bào)紙上甚至沒有提及此事。Eventhementionofhernamemakeshimblush.甚至提到她的名字他也會(huì)臉紅。6.available

adjective/??ve?l?b?l/abletobeboughtorused

可獲得的；可用的例句：Isthisdressavailableinalargersize?這件衣服有大一號(hào)的嗎？There’snomoneyavailableforanofficepartythisyear.今年沒有錢舉辦辦公室聚會(huì)了。7.frightened

adjective/?fra?t?nd/feelingfearorworry

害怕的，受驚的例句：Areyoufrightenedofspiders?你怕蜘蛛嗎？Iwasfrightened(that)youwouldfall.我擔(dān)心你會(huì)掉下來。8.bleed

verb/bli?d/toloseblood

出血，流血例句：Yourarmisbleeding.你的胳膊在流血。Hewasbleedingheavily.他在大量失血。9.fill

verb/f?l/1).tomakeorbecomefull;touseemptyspace（使）充滿，（使）裝滿，（使）注滿；占據(jù)；布滿例句：Ifilledthebucketwithwater.我往桶里注滿了水。Happysoundsfilledtheroom.房間里充滿了歡聲笑語。2).toputasubstanceintoanemptyspace（以…）填塞，充注例句：Thesecakesarefilledwithcream.這些蛋糕是奶油夾心的。Theproductclearlyfilledaneed/gapinthemarket.該產(chǎn)品顯然填補(bǔ)了市場(chǎng)的需求／空白。三、必背短語1.thousandsof

成千上萬的

2.usedto

過去常常3.comeround

短暫拜訪

4.runinto

撞上；偶然遇見5.inthe1950s

在20世紀(jì)50年代

6.takecareof

照顧7.befilledwith…

充滿

8.beatwarwith…

與……交戰(zhàn)；進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)9.gethurt

受傷

10.expectsb.todosth.

期待某人做某事11.ingreatpain

處于巨大的痛苦中

12.callanambulance

叫救護(hù)車13.onweekdays

在工作日

14.beinblackandwhite

黑白的15.sharearoom共用房間

16.fail/passtheexam

考試及格/不及格17.dealwith

處理，解決

18.beinthearmy

在軍隊(duì)19.haveagreatinfluenceonsb.

對(duì)某人有重要影響四、經(jīng)典句型1.TodayismybirthdayanditisthefirstbirthdayIhavespentfarawayfromhome.今天是我的生日這是我第一次在離家很遠(yuǎn)的地方過生日。2.Youdon’tknowwhatyou’vegotuntilit’sgone.失去了才知道珍惜。3.Herprimaryschoolteachermadeahugedifferenceinherlife.她的小學(xué)老師在她生活中起了重要的作用。4.Mychildhoodwasfilledwiththesewarmmemories.我的兒童時(shí)代充滿了溫暖的回憶。5.Butyouwerealwaysbymyside.但是您總是在我身邊。6.WhenIhaveproblems,Ialwaysthinkofyourwordsandtheyhelpmesomuch.每當(dāng)我遇到困難，我就會(huì)想起您的話，它們對(duì)我很有幫助。7.Youhavealwayssaidthatweshouldjudgepeople’ssuccessbyhowtheylivetheirliveseveryday.您常說我應(yīng)該通過人們?cè)鯓舆^每一天來判斷他們是否成功。五、考點(diǎn)1.掌握本課核心詞匯和固定搭配。2.間接引語用法1).在引用別人的原話時(shí)，被引用的句子稱為直接引語。例句：“Passmethedictionary,Mike,”shesaid.她說：“給我遞一下詞典，邁克?！盚esuggested,“Let’stakeataxibackhome.”他建議說：“我們乘出租車回家吧?！?).當(dāng)用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話時(shí)，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分稱為間接引語。例句：Shetoldmethatshewasgettingmarriednextweek.她告訴我她下周就要結(jié)婚了。HesaidthathewouldstayinLondonforaweek.他說他想在倫敦再待一周。3).間接陳述句如果轉(zhuǎn)述的是陳述句，需要：(1).用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that可以省略例句：Hesaid,“Ihavelostmyumbrella.”他說：“我把傘丟了?！盚esaid(that)hehadlosthisumbrella.他說他丟了他的傘。(2).改變引語謂訴動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，使其與主句謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)保持一致動(dòng)詞變化如下：直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)Hesaid,“Theroadisstillblocked.”→Hesaid(that)theroadwasstillblocked.他說路仍然堵著。Paulsaid,“I’mtryingtogetataxi.”→Paulsaid(that)hewastryingtogetataxi.保羅說他正在等出租車。Thepolicemansaid,“Youcanpreventtheaccident.”→ThepolicemansaidthatIcouldpreventtheaccident.警察說我不能阻止那個(gè)事故。改變問接陳述句中的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。變化如下：直接引語間接引語nowthentodaythatdaylastweek/month/yearTheweek/month/yearbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowing

daythedayaftertomorrowthetwodays’timenextweek/yearthefollowingweek/yearheretherethisthat根據(jù)句意，改變?nèi)朔Q。例如:Hesaid,“Ilikemynewhouse.”Hesaidthathelikedhisnewhouse.他說他喜歡我的新房子。Hesaid,“We’lldiscussthistomorrow.”Hesaidtheywoulddiscussit/thematterthenextday.他說，他們第二天在討論。例題：把下面的直接引語改成間接引語1.Hesaid,“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”_________________________________________________2.Shesaid,“Hewillbebusy.”_________________________________________________3.Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”_________________________________________________4.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”_________________________________________________5.Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”_________________________________________________【答案】1.Hesaidthathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.3.Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.4.Myfathersaidthatpracticemakesperfect.5.HesaidthathehadstudiedEnglishsincehewasaboy.【解析】考查條直接引語和間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換，根據(jù)用法改成相應(yīng)句子即可。六、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)alive，living，live與lively的區(qū)別1.alive意為“活著”，側(cè)重說明生與死之間的界限，既可指人，也可指物；可用來作表語，后置定語或賓補(bǔ)。雖有死的可能，但還活著。例句：Nomanaliveisgreaterthanhe.

在活著的人中沒有人比他更偉大了。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.