高考英語新人教版選修8一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)第一編教材回眸Unit2Cloning

Unit2CloningⅠ.單句語法填空1．Shewasforced________(retire)earlyfromteachingbecauseofillhealth.答案：toretirebeforcedtodo...“被迫做……”；retire“退休”。2．Manylocalpeople________(object)tothebuildingofthenewairport.答案：objectedobjectto...“反對……”。3．Itwon'tmakemuch________(differ)whetheryougotodayortomorrow.答案：difference由空前的much可知應(yīng)填名詞difference。makea/no/some/muchdifference表示“有/沒有/有些/有很大影響/作用/關(guān)系”。4．Heoweshissuccessmore________luckthan________ability.答案：to;toowe...to...“把……歸功于……”。5．Alcoholactsonthebrain,sodriversareforbidden________(drink)itwhentheydriveacar.答案：todrinkbeforbiddentodo...“被禁止做某事”。6．________(strike)bystrongsnowstorms,theareafacedaseverewaterandelectricityshortage.答案：Struck過去分詞短語在該句中作原因狀語。7．Thequestion________willtakehisplaceisstillnotclear.答案：whowho引導(dǎo)同位語從句，在從句中作主語，表示“……的人”，從句說明question的內(nèi)容。8．Theadvantageis________thecostofthismethodislow.答案：that設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句在從句中不作成分，無語義，只起連接作用，故填that。9．Ican't________(undertake)thatyouwillwinintheelection.答案：undertake由空前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。Ican'tundertakethat...“我無法承諾……”。10．Youcanusemyputeroncondition________youreturnittomorrow.答案：thatonconditionthat...“條件是……；只要……”。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedintheonehetoldhismother.____________________________________________________答案：in→fromdifferfrom...“和……不同”。2．Owedtoherassistance,wesucceededinstartingtheengine._____________________________________________________答案：Owed→Owingowingto...“因?yàn)椤?；由于……”，為固定用法?．Itsuddenlystrucktomethatweshouldmakeanewplan._____________________________________________________答案：去掉toItstrikessb.that...“某人突然想起……”。4．MymothermakesapromiseifIpassedtheexam,shewouldbuymeawatch.____________________________________________________答案：promise后加that該句為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，that雖不作成分，但也不能省略。5．Encouragingbythespeech,theyoungmanmadeuphismindtotakeupthestruggle.____________________________________________________答案：Encouraging→Encouraged主語theyoungman與encourage之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語。Ⅲ.語法填空Thetruth__1__treesarevitaltoourlifeisnotasecret.Theyprovideuswithfood,woodandmost__2__(important),oxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingwecanaddtothislist—blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.Thediscovery__3__(make)byateamconsistingofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)andhighschoolstudents__4__wereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpmunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatdonothave__5__(accessible)tomodernwaterfiltersystems.The__6__(research),ledbyProfessorRohitKarnik,decidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheycouldallowliquidtoflowthrough,whileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5－inch－widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetree.Thepeoplerelatedthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilityby__7__(pour)watercontainingreddyeparticlesofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheir__8__(amaze),theyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingallthearticles.__9__(encourage),theteamconducted__10__experiment,thistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteria.Sureenough,thesapwoodheldback99%ofthebacteria,allowingonly1%toflowthrough.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。樹木對人類至關(guān)重要，本文通過兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了樹木除了能夠提供食物、木材、氧氣等作用外，還能夠隔離細(xì)菌。1．that考查同位語從句的連接詞。第1空后的內(nèi)容解釋說明名詞truth的內(nèi)容，因此設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，只起連接作用，不作成分。故填that。2．Importantly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“最重要的是”，應(yīng)用副詞形式，構(gòu)成固定短語mostimportantly，故填importantly。3．wasmade考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語。根據(jù)全文主體時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)可知，該句也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；make與discovery之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。4．who/that考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語，先行詞是scientistsandhighschoolstudents，指人，故用who或that引導(dǎo)。5．a(chǎn)ccess考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。haveaccessto為固定短語，意為“有使用……的機(jī)會”。6．researchers考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換及名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)本句中的decidedto可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞作句子主語，指“研究人員”，且由從句中的they可知，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式researchers。7．pouring考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。提示詞為動(dòng)詞pour，空前為介詞by，其后應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞。故填pouring。8．a(chǎn)mazement考查固定用法?！皌oone's＋名詞”為固定用法，意為“令某人……的是”，故填amazement。9．Encouraged考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。encourage與主語theteam之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞形式，在句中作原因狀語。10．a(chǎn)nother考查限定詞。根據(jù)第10空后的內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)小組又做了另外一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，故填another，意為“另一個(gè)”。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)Thisismyfifthdayatthesummercamp.Lifeisn'texactwhatIexpected.WehavetogetupearlytomakeourbedsbeforeourteacherMissLietoinspect.Afterbreakfast,wehavesomeoffreetime.YesterdaymorningIwentfishing,buttheonlythingIcatchwasatreebranch.Intheafternoon,therearedifferentactivitylikehorsebackridingandhiking.They'refun,sonothingnewforme.Intheevening,everyoneisassignedadifferenttasktogetdinnerready.Yesterday,Iwasinchargeofpreparethehotdogs,butIaccidentallydroppeditinthefire.Thebestpartofcampisatnight,wherewesitaroundacampfireandtellstories.答案：Thisismyfifthdayatthesummercamp.Lifeisn'teq\o(exact,\s\do14(①exactly))whatIexpected.WehavetogetupearlytomakeourbedsbeforeourteacherMissLieq\o(e,\s\do14(②es))toinspect.Afterbreakfast,wehavesomeeq\o(eq\o(of,＼),\s\do14(③))freetime.YesterdaymorningIwentfishing,buttheonlythingIeq\o(catch,\s\do14(④caught))wasatreebranch.Intheafternoon,therearedifferenteq\o(activity,\s\do14(⑤activities))likehorsebackridingandhiking.They'refun,eq\o(so,\s\do14(⑥but))nothingnewforme.Intheevening,everyoneisassignedadifferenttasktogetdinnerready.Yesterday,Iwasinchargeofeq\o(prepare,\s\do14(⑦preparing))thehotdogs,butIaccidentallydroppedeq\o(it,\s\do14