廣東省汕尾市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省汕尾市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APeruisoneofthemostpopularplacestovisitinSouthAmerica.Itisahugecountry(it’stwicethesizeofTexas),sobeforeyougetthere,youneedtothinkabouthowyou’regoingtogetfromAtoB.BusTakingabusisthebestandeasiestwaytogetaroundPeru.Eventhoughittakeslonger,it’sareliable,safe,andcheapoption.ThebestwaytobookabusjourneyinPeruiswithBusBud,asitshowsyoualltheroutesandcompaniesavailableandissupereasytouse!AnotherpopularoptionistobookashuttleserviceviaBookaway.ItisessentiallyaminivanthattypicallygoesdirectlyfromAtoBandisaslightlymoreluxuriousoption.Bookawayalsoshowsoptionstobookbustripsifyouwanttograbticketsthatway.CarRentalIfyouhaveabiggerbudgetandwanttogooffthebeatenpath,thenrentingacarinPeruisafantasticoption,asitgivesyoufreedom.ThemainroadsinPeruare,forthemostpart,well-maintained,sodrivinghereisapleasantexperience,TrainTraintravelisn’tverypopularinPeru.It’smostlyusedbytouriststogettoMachuPicchu,asbothIncaRailandPeruRailoperatelinesfromCusco(orthenearbytownofOllantaytambo)toMachuPicchu.PeruRailalsotravelstoPunoandArequipa.PlaneDomesticflightsinPeruarebooming,andairlineslikeStarPeru,LATAMPeru,andPeruvianAirlinesarethemostpopularinthecountry.TheyoperateregularroutesbetweenmajorcitieslikeLima,Cusco,andArequipa,aswellasmoreremotedestinationslikeIquitosandPucallpa-whichishandyasboththesespotsarenotoriouslyhardtoreach.Asyoucanguess,flyingwillbealotmoreexpensivethantravelingbybus,butofcourse,yourtraveltimewillbealotless.Expecttopayaround$127USDforaone-wayflightbetweenCuscoandLima!1.WhichmodeoftransportationisconsideredthemostsuitablefortravelinginPeru?A.Thebus. B.Thecar. C.Thetrain. D.Theplane.2.WhatisthemainbenefitofrentingacarinPeru?A.Itisthecheapesttransportationoption.B.Itallowsyoutoavoidbusytouristspots.C.Itguaranteesaccesstoallremotedestinations.D.Itprovidesthefreedomtoexploreless-traveledareas.3.Howmuchwouldaround-tripflightbetweenCuscoandLimacost?A.$127USD. B.$254USD. C.$381USD. D.$508USD.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四種游歷秘魯?shù)慕煌ǚ绞??！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TakingabusisthebestandeasiestwaytogetaroundPeru.(乘坐公共汽車是游覽秘魯最好也是最簡(jiǎn)單的方式)”可知，公共汽車被認(rèn)為最適合在秘魯旅行。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifyouhaveabiggerbudgetandwanttogooffthebeatenpath,thenrentingacarinPeruisafantasticoption,asitgivesyoufreedom.(如果你有更多的預(yù)算，想要與眾不同，那么在秘魯租車是一個(gè)很好的選擇，因?yàn)樗o了你自由)”可知，在秘魯租車的主要好處是提供了探索人跡罕至地區(qū)的自由。故選D。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Expecttopayaround$127USDforaone-wayflightbetweenCuscoandLima!(預(yù)計(jì)庫(kù)斯科和利馬之間的單程航班費(fèi)用約為127美元！)”可知，庫(kù)斯科到利馬的往返機(jī)票要127+127=254美元。故選B。BTheCaliforniaAvocado(鱷梨)FestivalisoneofthemostexpectedandbelovedeventsontheCaliforniacoast,celebratingthestate’slivelyavocadoindustry.HeldannuallyinCarpinteria,thefestivaldrawstensofthousandsofvisitorseachyeartoenjoyafun-filledweekend.Fromdeliciousavocado-inspireddishestolivemusic,cookingdemonstrations,andartsandcrafts,thefestivalprovidessomethingforeveryone.TherootsoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivaldatebackto1986,whenasmallgroupoflocalresidentsdecidedtohostaneventthatwouldhonortheregion’srichagriculturalheritageandtheroleavocadosplayedinthearea’seconomy.California,hometomorethan90%ofthenation’savocadoproduction,istheepicenteroftheavocadoindustryintheU.S.,withCarpinteriabeingoneofthetopavocado-growingregions.Thefestivalwascreatedasawaytocelebratethefarmers,theland,andtheincredibleversatility(多樣性)oftheavocadofruit.Overtheyears,thefestivalhasgrownsignificantly,becomingoneofthelargestfree-admissionfestivals’inCalifornia.Itisnowathree-dayeventheldeveryOctober,anditcontinuestoattractavocadoenthusiasts,families,andtouristsfromacrossthecountry.Thefestival’smainhighlightisthewidearrayofavocado-baseddishesthatareofferedatover100foodbooths.Fromavocadotoasttomoreinventivetreatslikeavocadoicecream,andevenavocadococktails,thefestivalshowcasesthefruit’sincrediblefoodflexibility.Inadditiontothefood,theCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalfeatureslivemusicperformancesonmultiplestages,withadiverseline-upofbandsandmusiciansspanningvariousgenres.Thefestivalalsoincludescookingdemonstrationswherechefssharetheirbestavocadorecipesandtipsforincorporatingthefruitintoeverydaymeals.Forthoselookingforsomefriendlycompetitions,therearefuneventsliketheGuacamoleContest,wherelocalchefsandenthusiastscompetetocreatethebestguacamole(鱷梨醬),andtheAvocadoPitSpittingContest,aplayfulandhumoroustraditionthatalwaysdrawsacrowd.4.WhichaspectoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalisemphasizedinthefirstparagraph?A.Thevarietyofactivitiesofferedatthefestival.B.TheeconomicimpactoftheavocadoindustryinCalifornia.C.ThehistoricalsignificanceofavocadofarminginCarpinteria.D.Thefestival’sinfluenceonnationalavocadoconsumptiontrends.5.WhywastheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivalcreated?A.ToincreasetourisminCarpinteria.B.Topromotetheuseofavocadosineverydaycooking.C.Toprovideaplatformforlocalmusiciansandperformers.D.Tocelebratetheregion’sagriculturalheritageandtheavocadoindustry.6.WhatcanpeopledoattheCaliforniaAvocadoFestival?A.Haveathree-dayvacation.B.Visitavocado-lovingfamilies.C.Attendexperts’lecturesaboutavocados.D.Enjoyawidevarietyofavocado-baseddishes.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutAvocadoPitSpittingContest?A.Itisacontestaboutmakingdishes.B.Itisastageformusicperformances.C.Itisafuneventthatbringsinalargeaudience.D.Itisacompetitionbetweenchefsandenthusiasts.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是加州鱷梨節(jié)的起源、發(fā)展及其豐富多彩的活動(dòng)，展現(xiàn)了這一節(jié)日如何慶祝當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)遺產(chǎn)和鱷梨產(chǎn)業(yè)的獨(dú)特魅力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“Fromdeliciousavocado-inspireddishestolivemusic,cookingdemonstrations,andartsandcrafts,thefestivalprovidessomethingforeveryone.(從美味的鱷梨啟發(fā)的菜肴到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂(lè)，烹飪示范，藝術(shù)和手工藝，節(jié)日為每個(gè)人提供了一些東西)”可知，第一段描述了節(jié)日提供的一系列活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了節(jié)日活動(dòng)的多樣性。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TherootsoftheCaliforniaAvocadoFestivaldatebackto1986,whenasmallgroupoflocalresidentsdecidedtohostaneventthatwouldhonortheregion’srichagriculturalheritageandtheroleavocadosplayedinthearea’seconomy.(加州鱷梨節(jié)的起源可以追溯到1986年，當(dāng)時(shí)一小群當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駴Q定舉辦一場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，以紀(jì)念該地區(qū)豐富的農(nóng)業(yè)遺產(chǎn)和鱷梨在該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的作用)”可知，創(chuàng)建這個(gè)節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念該地區(qū)豐富的農(nóng)業(yè)傳統(tǒng)以及鱷梨在地方經(jīng)濟(jì)中的作用。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thefestival’smainhighlightisthewidearrayofavocado-baseddishesthatareofferedatover100foodbooths.Fromavocadotoasttomoreinventivetreatslikeavocadoicecream,andevenavocadococktails,thefestivalshowcasesthefruit’sincrediblefoodflexibility.(節(jié)日的主要亮點(diǎn)是在100多個(gè)食品攤位上提供各種各樣的鱷梨菜。從鱷梨吐司到更有創(chuàng)意的食物，比如鱷梨冰淇淋，甚至是鱷梨雞尾酒，這個(gè)節(jié)日展示了這種水果令人難以置信的食物靈活性)”可知，節(jié)日的主要亮點(diǎn)之一就是提供超過(guò)100個(gè)食品攤位，這些攤位供應(yīng)著各種各樣的鱷梨基底的菜肴。由此可知，加州鱷梨節(jié)人們可以享受各種各樣的鱷梨菜。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Forthoselookingforsomefriendlycompetitions,therearefuneventsliketheGuacamoleContest,wherelocalchefsandenthusiastscompetetocreatethebestguacamole(鱷梨醬),andtheAvocadoPitSpittingContest,aplayfulandhumoroustraditionthatalwaysdrawsacrowd.(對(duì)于那些想要一些友好比賽的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這里有一些有趣的活動(dòng)，比如鱷梨醬大賽（GuacamoleContest），當(dāng)?shù)氐膹N師和愛(ài)好者們會(huì)競(jìng)相制作最好的鱷梨醬，還有吐鱷梨核大賽（AvocadoPitspitContest），這是一個(gè)有趣幽默的傳統(tǒng)，總能吸引一群人)”可知，AvocadoPitSpittingContest是一項(xiàng)有趣的比賽，它總是能吸引大量的觀眾。故選C項(xiàng)。CInnorthernKenya,underasunnyMayskythatoffersararerespiteduringtheworstrainyseasoninrecentmemory,FaithKipyegonpursuesasingulargoal;“It’shistoryI’mlookingfor,”shesays.Butforthe30-year-oldmiddle-distancesuperstar,successisnolongersimplymeasuredinmedalsandrecords;it’salsoabouttheprofoundjourneyofmotherhoodandherstatusasoneoftrackandfield’sgreatestrolemodels.Havingwonagoldmedalinthe1,500matthe2016RioOlympics,Kipyegon’sreturntothepeakofathleticsafterthebirthofherdaughter,Alyn,in2018,hasbeennothingshortofspectacular.TraininginKaptagat,“alongsidemarathonlegendEliudKipchoge,shepreparesfortheParisOlympicswithunwaveringfocus.Yetherdailyroutineisenrichedandchallengedbythejoysandresponsibilitiesofthemotherhood.“Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”Thisshiftinperspectivehasfueledherdrive,leadinghertoanotherOlympicgold,atthe2020TokyoGames,andthreeworldtitles.In2023,Kipyegonconfirmedherlegacyasoneofthegreatestmiddle-distancerunnersofalltime,breakingthreeworldrecordsacrossthreedifferentdistances(1,500m,1mile,5,000m)inlessthantwomonths—allwhileraisingherdaughter.Kipyegonandastringoftopathletesarecontinuingtoprovethatelitesportandmotherhoodarenotincompatible(不兼容).“Ithinkwemotivateyoungwomentoknowthatyoucangoonmaternity(懷孕)leaveandcomebackstrongerthanbefore,”Kipyegonsuggests.“Theyrealizethatit’snottheendofyourlife,butitcanbethebeginningofyourlife.”8.WhatdoesFaithKipyegonregardasherprimarypursuitinnorthernKenya?A.Tobecomeasuperstar.B.TotrainfortheParisOlympics.C.Tomakehistoryinherathleticcareer.D.Tobecomethemostdecoratedmiddle-distancerunner.9.WhatchangedidKipyegonexperienceafterthebirthofherdaughter?A.Shedecidedtospendlesstimetraining.B.Shegainedanewsenseofresponsibilityasarolemodel.C.Shestruggledtoregainherphysicalfitnessandperformancelevels.D.ShebegantrainingwithadvancedequipmenttoprepareforfutureOlympicevents.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drive”inParagraph4mean?A.Motivation. B.Car. C.Speed. D.Routine.11.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmessagedoesFaithKipyegonbelieve?A.Thatmaternityleaveisasetbackforfemaleathletes.B.Thatacareerinathleticsshouldendaftermotherhood.C.Thatgreatathletescanonlyfocusonsportbutnotfamily.D.Thatmotherhoodcanbeasourceofstrengthandmotivationforathletes.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是肯尼亞中長(zhǎng)跑明星FaithKipyegon在成為母親后，如何在照顧女兒的同時(shí)追求運(yùn)動(dòng)生涯的新歷史，并激勵(lì)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)員的故事。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“InnorthernKenya,underasunnyMayskythatoffersararerespiteduringtheworstrainyseasoninrecentmemory,FaithKipyegonpursuesasingulargoal;“It’shistoryI’mlookingfor,”shesays.(在肯尼亞北部，五月晴朗的天空為近年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的雨季提供了難得的喘息機(jī)會(huì)，F(xiàn)aithKipyegon追求著一個(gè)單一的目標(biāo)；她說(shuō)：“我在尋找歷史。”)”可知，Kipyegon明確表示她的目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)造歷史。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的““Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”(“她改變了我的生活和心態(tài)，”Kipyegon談到她的女兒時(shí)說(shuō)?！拔椰F(xiàn)在意識(shí)到，有人把我當(dāng)作榜樣?！?”可知，Kipyegon表示她的女兒改變了她的生活和心態(tài)，讓她意識(shí)到有人仰望她作為榜樣，由此可知，她有了新的責(zé)任感。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的““Shechangedmylifeandmymentality,”Kipyegonsaysofherdaughter.“InowrealizethatIhavesomeonewholooksuptomeasarolemodel.”(“她改變了我的生活和心態(tài)，”Kipyegon談到她的女兒時(shí)說(shuō)?！拔椰F(xiàn)在意識(shí)到，有人把我當(dāng)作榜樣。”)”可知，她的女兒把她看作榜樣，讓她有了新的責(zé)任感，結(jié)合下文的“l(fā)eadinghertoanotherOlympicgold,atthe2020TokyoGames,andthreeworldtitles.(這使她在2020年?yáng)|京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了另一枚奧運(yùn)金牌，并獲得了三個(gè)世界冠軍。)”可知，此處指的是這種轉(zhuǎn)變激發(fā)了她的動(dòng)力，讓她在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得了另一枚奧運(yùn)金牌，并獲得了三個(gè)世界冠軍，所以，劃線單詞的意思與“動(dòng)力”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的““Ithinkwemotivateyoungwomentoknowthatyoucangoonmaternityleaveandcomebackstrongerthanbefore,”Kipyegonsuggests.“Theyrealizethatit’snottheendofyourlife,butitcanbethebeginningofyourlife.”(“我認(rèn)為我們鼓勵(lì)年輕女性知道，你可以休產(chǎn)假，回來(lái)后比以前更強(qiáng)壯，”Kipyegon建議。“她們意識(shí)到這不是你生命的終結(jié)，而是你生命的開(kāi)始?！?”可知，Kipyegon明確表示，她們激勵(lì)年輕女性知道可以在產(chǎn)假后回來(lái)更強(qiáng)大，并且母親身份可以是生活的新開(kāi)端，由此可知，Kipyegon認(rèn)為為人母可以成為運(yùn)動(dòng)員力量和動(dòng)力的源泉。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhenIstrolledintotheringatthePenningtonDaydogshow’sLook-AlikeContestinsuburbanNewJerseyinthemid-1990s,Ihadalltheconfidenceofayounggirlassuredofvictory.Afterall,mybuffcockerspanielpuppy(可卡犬)hadlong,floppyearsthatperfectlymatchedmywavy,blondbob.Afterwinningthatfirstcontest,SoccerandIcompetedforaboutfouryearsatPenningtonDayinarangeofmatchingoutfits.Ihavenotsucceededatanythingasconsistentlysince.Turnsout,thereisactualsciencetobackupthebeliefthatdogslookliketheirowners.Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.Inmanyofthestudies,scientistsaskedstudyvolunteerstomatchpicturesoftheirdogsandowners,whichtheydidbetterthantheywouldjustbychance.Inonestudy,participantsalsoinferredwhetherdogswerematchedwiththecorrectownersdespiteonlybeingabletoseethedogs’ortheowners’eyes.Anotherstudyfoundthatwomenoftenhadhairofasimilarlengthtothedogs’ears—muchlikemyspaniel-likebobandbangs.Sowhatgives?Expertssuspectpeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethemorreflecttheminsomeway—orperhaps,subconsciously,asinmycase,lookabitlikeadoggyversionoftheirchild.Thereviewalsoshowedthatdogsandownershavesimilarpersonalityfeatures,andthattheirtemperaments(性情)appearedtogrowmorealike.Thestudyoffersdifferenttheoriesforwhy,includingthatownersmaybedrawntodogsthatarelikethemtobeginwith,andastheyagetogether,thetwospeciesmayregulateeachother’semotions,reinforceeachother’sbehavior,orlearntogether.“Itreflectsthewaywealsolookforourpartners,”saysstudyleaderYanaBender,adoctoralresearcherintheDogStudiesResearchGroupattheMaxPlanckInstituteofGeoanthropologyinGermany.Dogsandtheirownersshare“averycloserelationshipwhichiscomparabletomanyhumanrelationships”.12.Whichofthefollowingbestcapturesthetoneoftheauthorwhenreflectingonherexperienceatthedogshow?A.Cautious. B.Proud. C.Regretful. D.Indifferent.13.Whatistheprimaryfocusoftherecentreviewof15studies?A.Thewaysdogsandownerscommunicatewitheachother.B.Thedifferencesbetweendogsandtheirowners’personalities.C.Howsimilarthepersonalitiesofdogsandownersbecomeovertime.D.Howdogsandownerschooseeachotherbasedonphysicalfeatures.14.Whatisthepossiblereasonwhypeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethem?A.Theychoosedogsbasedonbreedpopularity.B.Theyareattractedtodogswithuniquepersonalities.C.Theymayunconsciouslyselectdogsthatmirrortheirappearance.D.Theywantdogswithcompletelydifferentcharacteristicsandbodytypes.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtochooseanidealpetdog—here’sanexample.B.Dogsandtheirownersreallydolookalike—here’swhy.C.HowtowintheDogShowCompetition—here’sthesecret.D.Petsandtheirownersbecomefriendsovertime—here’stheproof.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是作者與她的可卡犬在新澤西州彭寧頓日狗展的相似裝扮比賽中的經(jīng)歷，及對(duì)人狗外貌和性格相似性的科學(xué)探討。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“WhenIstrolledintotheringatthePenningtonDaydogshow’sLook-AlikeContestinsuburbanNewJerseyinthemid-1990s,Ihadalltheconfidenceofayounggirlassuredofvictory.(上世紀(jì)90年代中期，當(dāng)我漫步走進(jìn)在新澤西州郊區(qū)舉行的彭寧頓日犬大賽的賽場(chǎng)時(shí)，我充滿了自信，就像一個(gè)確信自己會(huì)獲勝的小女孩。)”以及第二段中的“Afterall,mybuffcockerspanielpuppy(可卡犬)hadlong,floppyearsthatperfectlymatchedmywavy,blondbob.Afterwinningthatfirstcontest,SoccerandIcompetedforaboutfouryearsatPenningtonDayinarangeofmatchingoutfits.(畢竟，我那只淺黃色的可卡犬長(zhǎng)著又長(zhǎng)又軟的耳朵，和我那波浪狀的金色波波頭非常相配。贏得第一場(chǎng)比賽后，我和Soccer在彭寧頓日比賽了大約四年，穿著一系列配套的服裝。)”可知，作者對(duì)贏得比賽充滿信心，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了她和她的狗在外表上的完美的匹配以及她們穿著匹配的服裝參賽，由此可推斷，“自豪”可以反應(yīng)作者在狗展上的經(jīng)歷。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.(最近對(duì)全球15項(xiàng)研究的綜述表明，不僅人類和他們的寵物看起來(lái)和行為相似，而且他們性格之間的相似之處也隨著時(shí)間的推移而加深。)”可知，綜述強(qiáng)調(diào)的是隨著時(shí)間推移，狗和主人之間的性格相似性會(huì)加深。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Expertssuspectpeoplechoosedogsthatlooklikethemorreflecttheminsomeway—orperhaps,subconsciously,asinmycase,lookabitlikeadoggyversionoftheirchild.(專家懷疑，人們會(huì)選擇像自己或在某種程度上反映自己的狗——或者可能是潛意識(shí)地，就像我一樣，看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)像他們孩子的狗狗版本。)”可知，人們可能是無(wú)意識(shí)地選擇了那些在外表上反映自己形象的狗。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段中的“Turnsout,thereisactualsciencetobackupthebeliefthatdogslookliketheirowners.Arecentreviewof15studiesfromaroundtheglobesuggeststhatnotonlypeopleandtheirpetslookandactsimilarly,butthatthesimilaritiesbetweentheirpersonalitiesdeepenovertime.(事實(shí)證明，有實(shí)際的科學(xué)支持狗長(zhǎng)得像主人的觀點(diǎn)。最近對(duì)全球15項(xiàng)研究的回顧表明，不僅人類和他們的寵物看起來(lái)和行為相似，而且他們性格之間的相似之處也隨著時(shí)間的推移而加深。)”以及下文介紹的幾個(gè)關(guān)于狗與主人長(zhǎng)相相似度的研究可知，本文主要討論了科學(xué)研究表明狗和主人之間存在外觀上的相似性以及這種相似性的潛在原因，所以題目“狗和它們的主人真的長(zhǎng)得很像——原因如下?！迸c本文的內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了文章的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoReduceYourWasteDuringtheHolidaySeasonFromgroceriestodecorativeitemsandpresents,peoplebuymanythingsduringtheholidays.____16____Itcanalsocreateextracleaningtimeandincreaseenvironmentalconcerns.Tothataccord,youcancelebratespecialoccasionsinaneco-friendlymannerbyreducingthethingsyouthrowaway.Hereareseveralwaystellingyouhowtoreduceyourholidaywaste.CarryReusableBagsYou’llshopseveraltimesduringtheholidaystogetyourlovedonesgiftsandbuygroceriesfortheholidaymeal.Remembertobringreusablebagstoholdalltheitemsyoubuy.____17____Thisway,youcanminimizethewasteyoubringhomeandsavetheenvironmentfromtheharmfulimpactsofplasticpollution.ReuseDecorationsDecorativeitemscontributetoconsiderablewasteduringtheholidayseason,butusingmaterialsyoualreadyhaveathomecanhelpsolvethisproblem.Bydoingabitofresearch,youcanturnwinebottlesintostunningcandleholdersormakeyourownwreathsusingdriedflowersandleaves.____18____RecycleDeliveryBoxes____19____.Thepackagingthatcomeswiththemcanadduptotrash.Whatcanyoudo?Recycledeliveryboxesintostorage.Largeboxesareespeciallyhandyforstoringleftoverholidaysupplies,suchasdecorationsandwinteroutfits,forthenextyear.Makesuretostoretheminadryplace,aswatercandamageitemssuchasfireworksorstringlights.Areyouthinkingofpurchasingnewdecorations?Withlightcleaning,lastyear’swreaths,garlands,andstarscouldlookbrandnew.Bymakingwastereductionaholidaygoal,youcanrethinkyourspendingdecisionsandgetcreativeintransformingreusableitems.____20____A.Allyouneediscreativity.B.Delicatedecorationsarenottheonlyoption.C.Preparingforholidaymealsresultsinwaste.D.However,everyitemyoupurchasecancontributetowaste.E.Onlineshoppingisalsoatasky-highrateduringtheholidays.F.Declinepolitelyifthecashierasksyoutoplaceyourpurchasesinaplasticbag.G.Minimizingtrashduringholidayshasadvantagesforyourwalletandtheenvironment.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.E20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是如何在節(jié)日季減少浪費(fèi)的方法和策略?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Fromgroceriestodecorativeitemsandpresents,peoplebuymanythingsduringtheholidays.(從雜貨到裝飾品和禮物，人們?cè)诠?jié)日期間買很多東西)”可知，人們?cè)诠?jié)日期間買很多東西，結(jié)合空后的“Itcanalsocreateextracleaningtimeandincreaseenvironmentalconcerns.(它也可能增加額外的清潔時(shí)間和增加環(huán)境問(wèn)題)”可知，此處講述的是購(gòu)買很多東西造成的問(wèn)題，D選項(xiàng)“However,everyitemyoupurchasecancontributetowaste.(然而，你買的每件東西都可能造成浪費(fèi)。=)”講述的內(nèi)容與空前為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且引出浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，起到承上啟下的作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題句“CarryReusableBags(攜帶可重復(fù)使用的袋子)”可知，本段建議攜帶可重復(fù)使用的袋子減少浪費(fèi)，結(jié)合空后的“Thisway,youcanminimizethewasteyoubringhomeandsavetheenvironmentfromtheharmfulimpactsofplasticpollution.(這樣，你可以減少你帶回家的垃圾，保護(hù)環(huán)境免受塑料污染的有害影響)”可知，此空講述的是一種減少帶回家垃圾的方式，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Declinepolitelyifthecashierasksyoutoplaceyourpurchasesinaplasticbag.(如果收銀員讓你把買的東西放在塑料袋里，禮貌地拒絕)”講述的內(nèi)容與本段主題吻合，且空后是對(duì)該選項(xiàng)的進(jìn)一步解釋，告訴讀者如何具體地減少塑料袋的使用。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Bydoingabitofresearch,youcanturnwinebottlesintostunningcandleholdersormakeyourownwreathsusingdriedflowersandleaves.(通過(guò)做一些研究，你可以把酒瓶變成漂亮的燭臺(tái)，或者用干花和葉子制作自己的花環(huán))”可知，此處講述的是將一些變廢為寶的做法，這需要一些創(chuàng)造力，A選項(xiàng)“Allyouneediscreativity.(你所需要的只是創(chuàng)造力。”講述的內(nèi)容與空前內(nèi)容相關(guān)，且對(duì)空前內(nèi)容做出總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題句“RecycleDeliveryBoxes(再利用快遞盒子)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與快遞盒子相關(guān)，結(jié)合空后的“Thepackagingthatcomeswiththemcanadduptotrash.(它們附帶的包裝會(huì)堆積成垃圾)”可知，此處指的的包裝會(huì)堆積成垃圾，由此可推斷，此空講述的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與包裝的來(lái)源與快遞相關(guān)，E選項(xiàng)“Onlineshoppingisalsoatasky-highrateduringtheholidays.(節(jié)日期間，網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物也以極高的速度增長(zhǎng))”引入了關(guān)于網(wǎng)購(gòu)的話題，為接下來(lái)討論回收快遞盒子提供了背景信息，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，結(jié)合空前的“Bymakingwastereductionaholidaygoal,youcanrethinkyourspendingdecisionsandgetcreativeintransformingreusableitems.(通過(guò)把減少浪費(fèi)作為假期目標(biāo)，你可以重新考慮你的消費(fèi)決定，并創(chuàng)造性地改造可重復(fù)使用的物品)”可知，通過(guò)把減少浪費(fèi)作為假期目標(biāo)會(huì)帶來(lái)好處，G選項(xiàng)“Minimizingtrashduringholidayshasadvantagesforyourwalletandtheenvironment.(假期盡量減少垃圾對(duì)你的錢包和環(huán)境都有好處)”講述的內(nèi)容承接空前的內(nèi)容，總結(jié)了減少節(jié)日垃圾的好處，不僅對(duì)環(huán)境有好處，也能節(jié)省開(kāi)支，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。InthebustlingcityofBangalore,India,therewasayoungwomannamedPriyawhohadanaturaltalentforcoding.Shewasa____21____,butherjourneytosuccesswasfarfromstraightforward.Priyacamefromapoorbackground,andherfamilycouldnot____22____acomputerortheInternet,whichareessentialtoolsforabuddingprogrammer.Despitetheseobstacles,Priyawas____23____tofollowherpassion.Shewouldspendhoursatthelocallibrary,usingtheiroutdated____24____tolearnprogramminglanguagesanddevelopherskills.Herdedicationdidnotgo____25____;thelibrarian,anex-softwareengineerhimself,tookPriyaunderhiswingandmentored(指導(dǎo))her.Oneday,Priya____26____ahighlyregardedcodingcompetitionthatcouldearnherafullscholarshiptoatopuniversity.Shesawthisasher____27____outofpovertyandachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.However,thecompetitionrequired____28____tosubmittheirprojectsonline,whichmeantsheneededareliablecomputer.Withthehelpofhermentorandagroupof____29____friends,Priyamanagedtosecurealaptopandaspotatalocalco-workingspacewithInternet_____30_____.Shespenteverywakingmoment_____31_____herproject,aninnovativeappthatcouldhelpfarmerspredictcropyieldsbasedonweatherdata.Thedayofthecompetitionarrived,andPriyasubmittedherapp.Thecompetitionwas_____32_____,withentriesfromtalentedcodersaroundtheworld.ButPriya’sappstoodoutforitsingenuity(獨(dú)創(chuàng)力)andpotentialimpacton_____33_____.Toherdelightand_____34_____,Priyawonthecompetitionandthescholarship.Hervictorywasnotjustapersonalsuccessbutalsoavictoryforalltheunderprivilegedstudentswhofaced_____35_____inpursuingtheirdreams.21.A.worker B.genius C.stranger D.assistant22.A.appreciate B.afford C.plays D.assess23.A.upset B.confused C.relaxed D.determined24.A.telephones B.vehicles C.notebooks D.computers25.A.unnoticed B.temporary C.popular D.precious26.A.dreamedof B.workedout C.heardabout D.wentthrough27.A.ticket B.creation C.personality D.lesson28.A.girls B.participants C.volunteers D.graduates29.A.modern B.creative C.supportive D.interesting30.A.access B.advertisement C.games D.limitation31.A.booking B.perfecting C.loading D.bridging32.A.fierce B.fun C.expensive D.convenient33.A.education B.training C.weather D.agriculture34.A.regret B.annoyance C.embarrassment D.amazement35.A.fortune B.adjustment C.barriers D.knowledge【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.D25.A26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是印度年輕女性Priya如何克服貧困與資源匱乏，憑借編程天賦和不懈努力，在比賽中勝出并獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的故事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她是一位天才，但她的成功之路并不平坦。A.worker工人；B.genius天才；C.stranger陌生人；D.assistant助手。根據(jù)上文的“therewasayoungwomannamedPriyawhohadanaturaltalentforcoding.”可知，此處指的是她是一位“天才”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Priya來(lái)自貧困的家庭，她的家庭無(wú)法負(fù)擔(dān)一臺(tái)電腦或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，這些都是一個(gè)新興程序員必不可少的工具。A.appreciate欣賞；B.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起；C.plays玩；D.assess評(píng)估。根據(jù)上文的“Priyacamefromapoorbackground”可知，她來(lái)自貧困家庭，所以此處指的是不能“負(fù)擔(dān)得起”電腦或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨這些障礙，Priya還是決心追隨自己的激情。A.upset沮喪的；B.confused困惑的；C.relaxed放松的；D.determined下定決心的。根據(jù)上文的“Despitetheseobstacles”可知，Priya面臨著很多的障礙，結(jié)合下文的“tofollowherpassion.”可知，此處表示她仍然“下定決心”追隨自己的激情。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她會(huì)在當(dāng)?shù)貓D書(shū)館花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)，使用那些過(guò)時(shí)的電腦學(xué)習(xí)編程語(yǔ)言并發(fā)展她的技能。A.telephones電話；B.vehicles車輛；C.notebooks筆記本（書(shū)寫用）；D.computers電腦。根據(jù)上文的“herfamilycouldnot________acomputerortheInternet,whichareessentialtoolsforabuddingprogrammer.”可知，她家支付不起電腦或網(wǎng)路的費(fèi)用，但這些是必需的，所以此處指的是使用過(guò)時(shí)的“電腦”學(xué)習(xí)編程語(yǔ)言。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的努力沒(méi)有被忽視；圖書(shū)館管理員，他自己曾經(jīng)是一名軟件工程師，認(rèn)定了Priya，并指導(dǎo)她。A.unnoticed被忽視的；B.temporary臨時(shí)的；C.popular受歡迎的；D.precious珍貴的。根據(jù)下文的“thelibrarian,anex-softwareengineerhimself,tookPriyaunderhiswingandmentored(指導(dǎo))her.”可知，有一位圖書(shū)管理員指導(dǎo)Priya，由此可知，此處指的是她的努力沒(méi)有“被忽視的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有一天，Priya聽(tīng)說(shuō)了一項(xiàng)備受推崇的編程競(jìng)賽，這場(chǎng)比賽可以讓她贏得全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金進(jìn)入頂尖大學(xué)。A.dreamedof夢(mèng)想；B.workedout解決；C.heardabout聽(tīng)說(shuō)；D.wentthrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文的“ahighlyregardedcodingcompetitionthatcouldearnherafullscholarshiptoatopuniversity.”可知，有一項(xiàng)備受推崇的編程競(jìng)賽，可以讓她贏得全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金進(jìn)入頂尖大學(xué)，所以此處指的是“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她認(rèn)為這是她擺脫貧困的門票和在全球舞臺(tái)上證明自己價(jià)值的機(jī)會(huì)。A.ticket門票；B.creation創(chuàng)造物；C.personality個(gè)性；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)下文的“andachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.”可知，她覺(jué)得這是一個(gè)在全球舞臺(tái)上證明自己的機(jī)會(huì)，此空與“機(jī)會(huì)”為并列關(guān)系，所以指的是擺脫貧困的“門票”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，比賽要求參與者在線提交他們的項(xiàng)目，這意味著她需要一臺(tái)可靠的電腦。A.girls女孩；B.participants參與者；C.volunteers志愿者；D.graduates畢業(yè)生。根據(jù)上文的“Shesawthisasher________outofpovertyandachancetoproveherworthonaglobalstage.”可知，她把這次比賽看作是擺脫貧困的門票和在全球舞臺(tái)上證明自己價(jià)值的機(jī)會(huì)，所以她要參加比賽，結(jié)合下文“tosubmittheirprojectsonline”可知，此處指的是比賽要求“參與者”在線提交他們的項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她導(dǎo)師和一群給予幫助的朋友的幫助下，Priya設(shè)法獲得了一臺(tái)筆記本電腦和在當(dāng)?shù)毓蚕砉ぷ骺臻g的一個(gè)位置，那里有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.supportive給予幫助的；D.interesting有趣的。根據(jù)上文的“Withthehelpofhermentor”和下文的“Priyamanagedtosecurealaptopandaspotatalocalco-workingspacewithInternet________.”可知，在人們的幫助下，她成功獲得一臺(tái)筆記本電腦和在當(dāng)?shù)毓蚕砉ぷ骺臻g的一個(gè)位置，由此可推斷，此處指的是“給予幫助的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她導(dǎo)師和一群給予幫助的朋友的幫助下，Priya設(shè)法獲得了一臺(tái)筆記本電腦和在當(dāng)?shù)毓蚕砉ぷ骺臻g的一個(gè)位置，那里有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入。A.access接入，訪問(wèn)權(quán)限；B.advertisement廣告；C.games游戲；D.limitation限制。根據(jù)上文的“However,thecompetitionrequired________tosubmittheirprojectsonline,whichmeantsheneededareliablecomputer.”可知，比賽要求參與者在線提交項(xiàng)目，由此可知，此處指的是她獲得了一臺(tái)筆記本電腦和在當(dāng)?shù)毓蚕砉ぷ骺臻g的一個(gè)位置，那里有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她幾乎把每一刻清醒的時(shí)間都用來(lái)完善她的項(xiàng)目——一款創(chuàng)新的應(yīng)用程序，可以幫助農(nóng)民根據(jù)天氣數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)作物產(chǎn)量。A.booking預(yù)訂；B.perfecting完善；