貴州省黔東南州2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測英語試題（解析版）

黔東南州2023屆高三復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測試題英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanmostworriedaboutconcerningthejob?A.Thesalary.B.Theworkinghours.C.Theamountofpaidvacationdays.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Buyajacket.B.Gotothetailor’s.C.Mailsomecolorcopies.3.WhereisLarrynow?A.Intheclassroom.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Tomhaspreparedhisspeechwell.B.Tomisnotanexperiencedspeaker.C.Tomdoesn’twanttopracticespeaking.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whyisthetrafficsobadtoday?A.Itisthemorningrushhour.B.Theroadsitsinthetowncenter.C.Thereisatrafficaccidentahead.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stophiscar.B.Takeanotherroad.C.Driveatthefastestspeed.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatisDaniel’sproblem?A.Helacksinspirationformusic.B.Hecan’taffordtheconcertticket.C.Hecan’trepayNancy’s20dollars.9.WhatwillDanieltrytodonext?A.Turntohisfather.B.Giveupvideogames.C.Sellsomeofhisthings.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howlonghasitbeensincethespeakerssaweachother?A.Fortwoweeks.B.Forfourdays.C.Foroneweek.11.WhatwasJimpromotedto?A.Marketingdirector.B.Officedirector.C.Salesassistant.12.Whathavethespeakersarrangedtodonextweek?A.Employworkers.B.Meetintheoffice.C.Meetatthewoman’shouse.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydothespeakersplantoraisemoney?A.Tobuycars.B.Toholdaschoolconcert.C.Tohelppeopleintheearthquake.14.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Washingpeople’scars.B.Cleaningpeople’shouses.C.Workingatthecarwash.15.Howdoesthewomanfirstfeelabouthostingaconcert?A.Confident.B.Surprised.C.Impatient16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Findaudiencesoutside.B.Buyticketsfortheconcert.C.Askheadmasterforpermission.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.SeaanimalsofNewZealand.B.AtravelexperienceinNewZealand.C.ApaintingexhibitioninNewZealand.18.WhereisChristchurch?A.Onthenorthisland.B.OntheeastcoastofthesouthislandC.Inthenorthwestofthesouthisland.19.Whatdoesthespeakerlikebest?A.Oceanbirds.B.Whales.C.Dolphins.20.WhatsouvenirdidthespeakerbuyatNelsonSaturdayMarket?A.Amask.B.Paintings.C.Jewelry.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMirthyhostsover80onlineeventseverymonth.Youcanenjoythemfromthecomfortofyourhome.AllyouneedtodoisvisitourdedicatedpageontheMirthywebsite.LearningtorughookingonabudgetFriday4thandFriday18thNovemberat2:30pmParticipantswilllearnabriefhistoryofrughooking.Participantswillalsobeencouragedtotrytheirhandatthismulti-generationalartform,havetwoweekstocompletethesmallprojectandthencomebacktothesecondsessiontolearnhowtofinishitoffandprepareitfordisplay.ThedisappearanceofHeneageBloxhamWednesday9thNovemberat7:30pmIn2001,SamEedlewasapproachedbyanelderlywomaninTewkesbury.Heruncle,HeneageBloxham,haddisappearedontheWesternFrontandnobodyinherfamilywasabletotellherwhatactuallyhappenedtohim.Byaccessingtheavailablerecords,mapsandwardiaries,andbytakingadiversiontothebattlefieldwhileonatriptoFrance,Samwasabletofindoutwhathappenedtothewoman’suncle.AfricandanceMonday2lstNovemberat5:15pmAfricandanceallowsustoexpressourselvesindividuallywhilealsobeingpartofacollective.Creativeexpressionisencouragedandouruniquenessiscelebrated.Kenziwillberemindingyouthatmovementscanbeadaptedandexploredtofindawaythatworksforyourbodyandmovementstyle.MakingawildforagedwreathMonday28thNovemberat2:30pmInthisworkshop,youwillbelearninghowtomakeawreath!Throughwindingtwigsandvinestofindforesttexturesintoafestivesamplingofnature,thiswillbeanartisticnature-basedexperience.Thewreathisfree-formandaddsanaturalisticwinteratmospheretoyourdoorwithaminimal,organicstyle.1.Wheredotheactivitiestakeplace?A.OntheInternet. B.Inpublicplaces.C.Atschool. D.Inalecturehall.2.Whowasmissing?A.SamEedle. B.Anelderlywoman.C.HeneageBloxham. D.Kenzi.3.WhenisMakingawildforagedwreathshown?A.18thNovemberat2:30pm. B.9thNovemberat7:30pm.C.21stNovemberat5:15pm. D.28thNovemberat2:30pm.【答案】1A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站：Mirthy網(wǎng)站。該網(wǎng)站每月舉辦超過80個(gè)在線活動(dòng)，你可以舒適地在家里參加活動(dòng)。你所需要做的就是訪問網(wǎng)站上的專用頁面?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Mirthyhostsover80onlineeventseverymonth.(Mirthy每個(gè)月主辦超過80場線上活動(dòng)。)”可知，該網(wǎng)站都是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上舉辦活動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Heruncle,HeneageBloxham,haddisappearedontheWesternFrontandnobodyinherfamilywasabletotellherwhatactuallyhappenedtohim.(她的叔叔HeneageBloxham在西線失蹤，家里沒有人能告訴她，叔叔到底發(fā)生了什么)”可知，失蹤的是HeneageBloxham。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“MakingawildforagedwreathMonday28thNovemberat2:30pm(11月28日星期一下午2:30制作一個(gè)野外覓食的花環(huán))”可知，該活動(dòng)的舉辦時(shí)間是11月28日下午兩點(diǎn)半。故選D項(xiàng)。BNoparty?Noproblem.Thesepeoplefoundawaytocelebratetheirspecialdaythatwasjustasfunandevenmoremeaningfulthanatraditionalbirthdayparty.Onthee-vite(電子邀請(qǐng)函)forMikaylaGounard’sbirthdayparty,shetoldherfriendsthatshedidn’twantpresents.“Ididn’treallyneedanything,”shesaid.“EverythingtheywouldhavegivenmewasplasticandstuffIreallydidn’tneed.”Instead,sheaskedfordonationstohelpthehomelessman,DavidSeanCurrey,whofoundandreturnedGounard’sgrandmother’slostwallet.Shewassuperinspiredbythatstory.Shewantedtopayforwardthekindnessthestrangershowedhergrandmother.OnDec.22,her12thbirthday,Gounardraised$479.AGoFundMeraisedanadditional$55,000,whichGounardgavetoDavidSeanCurrey,alongwithanotesaying,“Inadarktunnel,thereisalwayslight.”Thehomelessmanstartedcrying.Hewasabletocheckintoahotel,andopenabankaccount.Acrossthecountry,kidsandadultsarehavingpay-it-forwardparties,skippingtraditionalbirthdaycelebrations,foregoinggifts,andchoosingtospreadkindnessandhelpothers.AfterthedevastatingTexassnowandicestorm,TexasStateSenatorDawnBuckinghamspentherbirthdayonFeb.2linHarper.Texashandedoutwaterandfoodandsuppliestopeoplewhohadnopowerfor10days.Buckinghamalsoinvitedstrangersintoherhometousehergasstovetocookmeals.Itwastheendofhuntingseason—andshehadafreezerfullofvenisonshesharedwithstrangers.“There’snothingbetterthanhelpingthosewhoneedhelponyourbirthday,”Buckinghamsaidonherbirthdaymorning.4.WhatdidGounardreceiveonherbirthdayinthepast?A.Inspiringblessings. B.Unnecessarypresents.C.Herdesiredpresents. D.Donationsfromfriends.5.WhatmotivatedGounardtoholdthespecialbirthdayparty?A.Buckingham’sstory. B.Herfriends’requirement.C.Ahomelessman’shonesty. D.Hergrandma’sinfluence.6.HowdidDavidfeelwhenreceivingthedonation?A.Moved. B.Annoyed. C.Anxious. D.Frightened.7.WhatdoesBuckinghamconsiderbestaboutbirthday?A.Receivingendlesswishes. B.Invitingstrangerstoherhome.C.Holdinganamazingparty. D.Givinghandstothoseinneed.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在生日那天幫助處于困境中的人要比傳統(tǒng)的收禮物更有意義。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的““Ididn’treallyneedanything,”shesaid.“EverythingtheywouldhavegivenmewasplasticandstuffIreallydidn’tneed.”(“我真的什么都不需要，”她說?！八麄兘o我的一切都是塑料和我真的不需要的東西。”)”可知，在過去，Gounard在生日那天收到了她不想要的禮物，即沒有必要的禮物。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Instead,sheaskedfordonationstohelpthehomelessman,DavidSeanCurrey,whofoundandreturnedGounard’sgrandmother’slostwallet.Shewassuperinspiredbythatstory.Shewantedtopayforwardthekindnessthestrangershowedhergrandmother.(相反，她請(qǐng)求捐款幫助無家可歸的男子大衛(wèi)·肖恩·庫里，后者找到并歸還了古爾納德祖母丟失的錢包。那個(gè)故事給了她極大的啟發(fā)。她想報(bào)答陌生人對(duì)她祖母的好意)”可推知，無家可歸者DavidSeanCurrey誠實(shí)歸還錢包的舉動(dòng)促使Gounard舉辦這個(gè)特別的生日派對(duì)，她想要回報(bào)那個(gè)陌生人的善舉。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thehomelessmanstartedcrying.(這個(gè)無家可歸的男人開始哭泣)”可知，David收到捐款時(shí)開始哭泣，說明他很是感動(dòng)。故選A。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的““There’snothingbetterthanhelpingthosewhoneedhelponyourbirthday,”Buckinghamsaidonherbirthdaymorning.(“沒有什么比在你生日那天幫助那些需要幫助的人更好的了，”Buckingham在她的生日那天的早晨說)”可知，Buckingham認(rèn)為在過生日那天向有需要的人伸出援助之手是最好的。故選D。CAstudypublishedhasmodeledthewide-rangingimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweathereventsonAustralia’sfoodsystemsandsupplychains,identifyingpotentialchainre-actionsincludingjobandincomelossaswellasalossinnutrientavailabilityanddietquality.LedbyDrArunimaMalikfromtheIntegratedSustainabilityAnalysis(ISA)group,thepaperanalyzedtheclimatechangeimpactsacrossdifferentsectorsandregionsinAustralia.Theresearchersfoundthatclimatechangeandextremeweathereventshaveimpactsacrosscommunities,withruralregionsthemostnegativelyimpacted.Thestudyalsofoundthatclimaticevents,suchasfloods,bushfiresandheatwavescouldaffectsurroundingareasbywayoflimitingfoodavailabilityandemployment.Theeffectsoftheseeventscouldbefeltindistantregionsduetothecomplexinter-connectivityofmodernsupplychains.PreviousresearchundertakenbytheISAhasshownthatalocaldisastercanimpacteveryotherAustralianstate,resultinginlossesacrossprimary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries.Whatplaysoutgloballyseemstoplayoutlocallyaswell.Everyoneisaffectedbyclimatechange，evenifthey’renotinareasdirectlyhitbyextremeweather，andthevulnerable(脆弱的)areaffectedmost.Damagestofoodsupplycannegativelyimpactdietquality,throughreducingthediversitythatcontributestoabalanceddiettounhealthyprocessedfoodsthathavealongershelflife.Thisdisproportionatelyimpactsvulnerablegroups,whodonothavethemeanstopayincreasingpricesforscarcefreshfoods.Co-authorDrSineadBoylan,apublichealthnutritionresearcherintheSydneyEnvironmentInstitute,said,“TheresearchhighlightsthatclimatechangemaynotonlyaffectfoodsupplyinNSW,butaccesstohealthyandequitablediets,particularlyamongthemostvulnerablepopulations.Thesefindingscouldhelpreformreliefstrategiestohelpthesecommunitiesadapt.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph1?A.TheAustraliangovernment’sreactiontothestudy.B.Theinfluenceofthestudyontheclimate.C.Theprincipleofdoingthestudy.D.Theresultofthestudy.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tertiary”inparagraph3mean?A.Local. B.Third. C.Global. D.Rural.10.Howisdietqualityaffectedbydamagestofoodsupply?A.Bydecreasingfoodvariety.B.Byshorteningshelterlifeoffood.C.Byreducingtheamountoffoodsupply.D.Byreducingunhealthyprocessedfoods.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EveryoneisaffectedbyclimatechangeB.ClimaticeventscouldaffectsurroundingareasCClimatethreattofoodsupplycreateschaineffectD.Thevulnerableareaffectedmostbyclimatechange【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，氣候變化會(huì)對(duì)食物供應(yīng)產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Theresearchersfoundthatclimatechangeandextremeweathereventshaveimpactsacrosscommunities,withruralregionsthemostnegativelyimpacted.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，氣候變化和極端天氣事件對(duì)各個(gè)社區(qū)都有影響，農(nóng)村地區(qū)受到的負(fù)面影響最大)”可知，從第一段可以了解到研究的結(jié)果：氣候變化和極端天氣事件對(duì)整個(gè)社區(qū)都有影響，其中農(nóng)村地區(qū)受到的負(fù)面影響最大。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)并列連詞“and”可知?jiǎng)澗€詞tertiary和前文“primary,secondary(第一、第二)”是并列關(guān)系，可推斷出tertiary是“第三”之意，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Damagestofoodsupplycannegativelyimpactdietquality,throughreducingthediversitythatcontributestoabalanceddiettounhealthyprocessedfoodsthathavealongershelflife.Thisdisproportionatelyimpactsvulnerablegroups,whodonothavethemeanstopayincreasingpricesforscarcefreshfoods.(食物供應(yīng)受損會(huì)對(duì)飲食質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，因?yàn)椴唤】档募庸な称窌?huì)減少有助于均衡飲食的多樣性，而這些食品的保質(zhì)期更長。這對(duì)弱勢群體的影響尤為嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)樗麄儫o力支付日益上漲的價(jià)格購買稀缺的新鮮食品)”可知，由減少飲食的多樣性轉(zhuǎn)為提供保質(zhì)期較長的不健康的加工食品，食物供應(yīng)受損會(huì)對(duì)飲食質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Astudypublishedhasmodeledthewide-rangingimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweathereventsonAustralia’sfoodsystemsandsupplychains,identifyingpotentialchainre-actionsincludingjobandincomelossaswellasalossinnutrientavailabilityanddietquality.(發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究模擬了氣候變化和極端天氣事件對(duì)澳大利亞糧食系統(tǒng)和供應(yīng)鏈的廣泛影響，確定了潛在的連鎖反應(yīng)，包括工作和收入損失，以及營養(yǎng)可用性和飲食質(zhì)量的損失)”可知，本文的主題是氣候變化會(huì)對(duì)食物供應(yīng)產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)，所以C項(xiàng)“Climatethreattofoodsupplycreateschaineffect(氣候?qū)Z食供應(yīng)的威脅產(chǎn)生了連鎖效應(yīng))”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DAbreakthroughinelectricvehicle(EV)batterydesignhasenableda10-minutechargetimeforatypicalEVbattery.Therecord-breakingcombinationofashorterchargetimeandmoreenergyacquiredforlongertravelrangewasannouncedonOct.12inthejournalNature.“Theneedforsmaller,faster-chargingbatteriesisgreaterthanever,”saidWang,theWilliamE.DiefenderferProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringatPennStateandleadauthoronthestudy.“Becausethecriticalraw(未經(jīng)加工的)materialsareshort,therearenotenoughbatteriestomeetexpecteddemand.”InAugust,California’sAirResourcesBoardpassedanextensiveplantorestrictandultimatelybanthesaleofgasoline-poweredcarswithinthestate.“Ifnewcarsalesaregoingtoshifttobatterypoweredelectricvehicles,”Wangexplained,“they’llneedtoovercometwomajordrawbacks:Theyaretooslowtorechargeandtoolargetobeefficientandaffordable.Insteadoftakingafewminutesatthegaspump,dependingonthebattery,someEVscantakealldaytorecharge.”“Ourfast-chargingtechnologyworksformostenergy-densebatteriesandwillopenanewpossibilitytodownsizeelectricvehiclebatteriesfrom150to50kWhwithoutcausingdriverstofeelrangeanxiety,”saidWang,whoselabpartneredwithapowercompanytodevelopthetechnology.“Thesmaller,faster-chargingbatterieswilldramaticallycutdownbatterycostandusageofcriticalrawmaterials,enablingmassadoptionofaffordableelectriccars.”“Truefast-chargingbatterieswouldhaveimmediateimpact,”theresearcherswrote.“Sincetherearenotenoughrawmineralsforeveryinternalcombustionenginecartobereplacedbya150kWh-equippedEV,fastchargingisnecessaryforEVstogomainstream.”“Thestudy’spartner,thepowercompany,isworkingtomanufactureandcommercializethefast-chargingbatteryforanaffordableandsustainablefutureofvehicleelectrification,”Wangsaid.12.WhatistheEVbatterymarketlacking?A.Vitalsubstances. B.Criticaltechnology.C.High-endproducts. D.Scientificmarketsurvey.13.WhichisadisadvantageofthecurrentEVbattery?A.Ithasanuglydesign. B.It’stoosmalltoofferpower.C.Ithasaveryshortservicelife. D.Rechargingitistime-consuming.14.WhatwillWang’stechnologybringabout?A.Fiercemarketcompetition. B.Wideuseofaffordableelectriccars.C.Thedisorderoftheelectriccarmarket. D.Thedisappearanceofgas-poweredcars.15.Whatisthepowercompanydoingnow?A.ResearchinganddevelopingnewEVs.B.LookingforanewsustainableEVsmarket.C.Makingandmarketingthefast-chargingbattery.D.Identifyingandproducingcriticalrawmaterials.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。電動(dòng)汽車的電池設(shè)計(jì)有了重大進(jìn)展。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Theneedforsmaller,faster-chargingbatteriesisgreaterthanever,”saidWang,theWilliamE.DiefenderferProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringatPennStateandleadauthoronthestudy.“Becausethecriticalrawmaterialsareshort,therearenotenoughbatteriestomeetexpecteddemand.”(“對(duì)更小、更快充電電池的需求比以往任何時(shí)候都要大，”賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)機(jī)械工程威廉·e·迪芬德弗教授、該研究的主要作者王說?！坝捎陉P(guān)鍵原材料短缺，沒有足夠的電池來滿足預(yù)期需求?！?”可知，電動(dòng)汽車的電池市場缺少關(guān)鍵的原材料。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句““Ifnewcarsalesaregoingtoshifttobatterypoweredelectricvehicles,”Wangexplained,“they’llneedtoovercometwomajordrawbacks:Theyaretooslowtorechargeandtoolargetobeefficientandaffordable.”(“如果新車銷售要轉(zhuǎn)向電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的電動(dòng)汽車，”王解釋說，“它們需要克服兩個(gè)主要缺點(diǎn):充電速度太慢，體積太大，效率不高，價(jià)格不低”)”可知，如果新車銷售要向電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的電動(dòng)汽車轉(zhuǎn)移，需要解決兩個(gè)主要問題：充電太慢和體積太大。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Ourfast-chargingtechnologyworksformostenergy-densebatteriesandwillopenanewpossibilitytodownsizeelectricvehiclebatteriesfrom150to50kWhwithoutcausingdriverstofeelrangeanxiety,”saidWang,whoselabpartneredwithapowercompanytodevelopthetechnology.“Thesmaller,faster-chargingbatterieswilldramaticallycutdownbatterycostandusageofcriticalrawmaterials,enablingmassadoptionofaffordableelectriccars.”(“我們的快速充電技術(shù)適用于大多數(shù)能量密集的電池，將為電動(dòng)汽車電池從150千瓦時(shí)縮小到50千瓦時(shí)開辟了新的可能性，而不會(huì)導(dǎo)致司機(jī)感到里程焦慮，”王說，他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室與一家電力公司合作開發(fā)了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)?！案　⒊潆姼斓碾姵貙⒋蠓档碗姵爻杀竞完P(guān)鍵原材料的使用，使廉價(jià)電動(dòng)汽車得以大規(guī)模普及?！?”可知，這種更小、充電速度更快的電池將大幅降低電池成本和減少關(guān)鍵原材料的使用，使電動(dòng)汽車得以大規(guī)模使用。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thestudy’spartner,thepowercompany,isworkingtomanufactureandcommercializethefast-chargingbatteryforanaffordableandsustainablefutureofvehicleelectrification,”Wangsaid.(王說:“這項(xiàng)研究合作伙伴電力公司正在努力制造和商業(yè)化快速充電電池，以實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車電動(dòng)化的負(fù)擔(dān)得起和可持續(xù)的未來。”)”可知，這家公司正致力于制造和商業(yè)化這種快速充電電池，以實(shí)現(xiàn)未來汽車電動(dòng)化的可負(fù)擔(dān)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyourbooksarepiledupallovertheplaceoryoufindyourselfalwaysdiggingthroughpileslookingforthatnovelyou’vebeenmeaningtoread,itmaybetimetoreorganize.____16____.Organizeyourbooksbygenre(體裁)____17____.Byorganizingyourbooksonshelvesbygenre,you’llbuildamentalmapofwhereeverythingbelongs.Youalsowon’tneedtoworryaboutputtingbooksbackintheperfectplace,sinceabookthatbelongsonagivenshelfcangoanywhereonthatshelf.SortthemalphabeticallyOrganizeyourbooksbytheauthor’slastnameSortingbytheauthor’slastnameisaclassicwaytoorganize.Ifyouhaveanespeciallylargecollection,sortingbyauthorwillmakeitaloteasiertolocateagivenbookwhenyouwantit.____18____?Justfindthe“J”section!Itdoesn’tgetmucheasierthanthat.____19____Foranarrowercollection,arrangingthebooksbysubjectmakessense.Ifyou’reahugepoetrybuff,youcouldseparateyourRomanticcollections,postmodernbooks,andobjectivitypoetry.Ifyou’resuperintohistoricalnonfiction,giveWorldWarIitsownshelf,theCivilRightsMovementanothershelf,andbooksabouttheUnitedNationsinanotherarea.OrganizeyourbooksbyhowmuchyoulikethemPutyourfavoritesuptopandyourleastfavoritesatthebottom.Thisisgoingtobetotallysubjective,butitmaybefuntospendaneveningtakingthebooksdownandassessinghowyoufeelaboutit.____20____?Topshelfitgoes!Onlyholdontothatdustyolddictionaryforreferencepurposes?Keepitonthebottomshelf.A.OrganizethembysubjectB.DisplaythebooksyouusethemostC.DidabookcompletelychangeyourlifeD.LookforabookwrittenbyJamesJoyceE.WanttoreadthebookoverandoveragainF.Luckily,youhaveatonofchoicestoorganizeanddisplaythemG.Separatingbooksbytypeswillmakeyouquicklyfindthebookyouwant【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了整理書籍的方法。【16題詳解】上文“Ifyourbooksarepiledupallovertheplaceoryoufindyourselfalwaysdiggingthroughpileslookingforthatnovelyou’vebeenmeaningtoread,itmaybetimetoreorganize.(如果你的書堆得到處都是，或者你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是在堆里翻找你一直想讀的那本小說，也許是時(shí)候重新整理一下了)”提出問題，下文“Organizeyourbooksbygenre(按類型整理你的書)”和“Organizeyourbooksbytheauthor’slastname(按照作者的姓來整理你的書)”等幾個(gè)小標(biāo)題給出整理書的方法，解決問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Luckily,youhaveatonofchoicestoorganizeanddisplaythem(幸運(yùn)的是，您有很多的方法來整理和展示它們)”承上啟下，符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】分析設(shè)空可知，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，也是對(duì)小標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明，根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Organizeyourbooksbygenre(按類型整理你的書)”可知，G項(xiàng)“Separatingbooksbytypeswillmakeyouquicklyfindthebookyouwant(把書按類型分類會(huì)讓你很快找到你想要的書)”符合文意，其中g(shù)enre和type為同義詞。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Organizeyourbooksbytheauthor’slastname(按照作者的姓來整理你的書)”可知，本段是在講按作者的姓來整理你的書，以及后文“Justfindthe“J”section!Itdoesn’tgetmucheasierthanthat.(只要找到“J”部分!沒有什么比這更容易的了)”可知，空處是要找姓氏以J開頭的作者的書，所以D項(xiàng)“LookforabookwrittenbyJamesJoyce(找一本詹姆斯·喬伊斯寫的書)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】分析設(shè)空可知，空處是本段的小標(biāo)題，是對(duì)本段的高度概括，根據(jù)后文“Foranarrowercollection,arrangingthebooksbysubjectmakessense.Ifyou’reahugepoetrybuff,youcouldseparateyourRomanticcollections,postmodernbooks,andobjectivitypoetry.Ifyou’resuperintohistoricalnonfiction,giveWorldWarIitsownshelf,theCivilRightsMovementanothershelf,andbooksabouttheUnitedNationsinanotherarea.(對(duì)于藏書較少的人來說，按主題排列圖書是有意義的。如果你是一個(gè)超級(jí)詩歌迷，你可以把你的浪漫主義收藏、后現(xiàn)代主義書籍和客觀主義詩歌分開。如果你特別喜歡歷史非虛構(gòu)類書籍，那就把第一次世界大戰(zhàn)放在一個(gè)書架上，把民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)放在另一個(gè)書架上，把關(guān)于聯(lián)合國的書放在另一個(gè)領(lǐng)域)”可知，本段是在講按主題分類書籍。所以A項(xiàng)“Organizethembysubject(按主題整理)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)首句“Putyourfavoritesuptopandyourleastfavoritesatthebottom.(把你最喜歡的放在上面，最不喜歡的放在下面)”可知，本段是在說按喜歡度整理書籍，再根據(jù)后文“Topshelfitgoes!(放最上面的架子)”可知，空處應(yīng)是講你最喜歡的書，所以E項(xiàng)“Wanttoreadthebookoverandoveragain(想要一遍又一遍地讀這本書嗎)”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AgroupofGeorgiahighschoolfootballplayersarebeingpraisedasheroes.They___21___intoactionlastweektosaveawomanfollowingacarcrash.ThestudentswereontheirwaytoschoolonFridaymorningwhentheysawthecrash___22___infrontoftheirschool.Thefootballplayers___23___helpedthewomandriverescapebytearingopenherdoorassmokeandpetrolpouredfromherbadly___24___vehicle.LuisGoya,amathteacheratthehighschool,praisedtheboys’___25___ontheInternetdetailingthe___26___.“Thefootballplayersinmyschoolreally___27___today,”Goyawroteinhispost.“Theywentaboveandbeyondtohelp.”Peoplecouldknowthe___28___storyfromtheteacher’spost.Thefootballplayers___29___aloudbangandinstantlyknewitwasgoingtobeabad___30___.Theyquicklytookaction.Theybegantheirattemptstopullthe___31___fromhercarwithouthesitation.Thedoorwasjammedandin___32___shape.Theyliterallystarted___33___theirstrengthtopry(掰開)thedooropen,sothattheladycouldbe___34___.Policesaidtheladywastakentothe___35___withcutsandbruises.Shewas___36___tobeokay.Theschoolfootballteam___37___theplayers.Theysaidthattheycouldn’tbeprouderofthe___38___actandshowingthegoodcharacteristicsoftheirteam.Aretheplayers___39___?Nodoubttheyaretothatwomanandher___40___.21.A.sprang B.looked C.ran D.turned22.A.exist B.occur C.play D.stop23.A.awkwardly B.deliberately C.successfully D.formally24.A.damaged B.designed C.organized D.challenged25.A.strategies B.plans C.services D.efforts26.A.training B.command C.crash D.match27.A.ranoff B.calmeddown C.rolledover D.brokeoff28.A.fairy B.imaginary C.detailed D.frightening29.A.guessed B.feared C.copied D.heard30.A.accident B.performance C.competition D.party31.A.youth B.partner C.victim D.teacher32.A.usual B.terrible C.good D.normal33.A.forming B.paying C.renting D.using34.A.released B.hidden C.avoided D.blocked35.A.school B.hospital C.square D.spot36.A.started B.chosen C.decided D.expected37.A.educated B.praised C.protected D.warned38.A.easy B.clear C.selfless D.common39.A.boys B.students C.athletes D.heroes40.A.family B.company C.country D.future【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B36.D37.B38.C39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了喬治亞州一所高中的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員們救了一名車禍女子，他們因此被稱贊為英雄?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們上周采取行動(dòng)，在車禍后拯救一名婦女。A.sprang突如其來地做；B.looked看；C.ran跑；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)“l(fā)astweektosaveawomanfollowingacarcrash.”可知，他們是為了拯救一名除了車禍迅速采取了行動(dòng)，springintoaction意為“迅速采取行動(dòng)”。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：周五早上，學(xué)生們在上學(xué)的路上看到車禍發(fā)生在學(xué)校門前。A.exist存在；B.occur發(fā)生；C.play播放；D.stop停止。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指在周五上午校門前發(fā)生了車禍。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員成功地幫助女司機(jī)逃脫，撕開她的車門，因?yàn)闊熿F和汽油從她嚴(yán)重受損的車輛中涌出。A.awkwardly笨拙地；B.deliberately故意地；C.successfully成功地；D.formally正式地。根據(jù)上文“They___1___intoactionlastweektosaveawomanfollowingacarcrash.”可知，這些足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員成功的救下了女司機(jī)。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員成功地幫助女司機(jī)逃脫，撕開她的車門，因?yàn)闊熿F和汽油從她嚴(yán)重受損的車輛中涌出。A.damaged損壞；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.organized組織；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文“smokeandpetrolpouredfromherbadly”可知，煙霧和汽油從車輛中涌出，車輛嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：高中數(shù)學(xué)老師LuisGoya在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上贊揚(yáng)了男孩們的努力，詳細(xì)介紹了車禍?zhǔn)录.strategies戰(zhàn)略；B.plans計(jì)劃；C.services服務(wù)；D.efforts努力。根據(jù)下文“Theywentaboveandbeyondtohelp.”可知，他們一次又一次的做出了努力。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：高中數(shù)學(xué)老師LuisGoya在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上贊揚(yáng)了男孩們的努力，詳細(xì)介紹了車禍?zhǔn)录?。A.training訓(xùn)練；B.command命令；C.crash墜毀；D.match匹配。根據(jù)下文“Theywentaboveandbeyondtohelp.”他們一次又一次的幫助的是出了車禍的女司機(jī)，可知LuisGoya網(wǎng)上詳細(xì)介紹的是車禍細(xì)節(jié)。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“我校的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員今天真的沉著冷靜，”很快Goya在他的帖子中寫道。A.ranoff逃跑；B.calmeddown冷靜下來；C.rolledover翻身；D.brokeoff斷掉。根據(jù)下文“Theyquicklytookaction.Theybegantheirattemptstopullthe___11___fromhercarwithouthesitation.”可知，他們迅速采取行動(dòng)，毫不猶豫，足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員們是很沉著冷靜的。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們可以從老師的帖子中知道詳細(xì)的故事。A.fairy美麗的；B.imaginary想象的；C.detailed詳細(xì)的；D.frightening可怕的。上文中提到這位老師的帖子中詳細(xì)介紹了車禍的細(xì)節(jié)，由此可知，人們可以從這位老師的帖子中知道詳細(xì)的故事。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員聽到一聲巨響，立即知道這將是一場嚴(yán)重的事故。A.guessed猜；B.feared害怕；C.copied復(fù)制；D.heard聽到。根據(jù)“aloudbang”可知，此處指聽到巨響。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員聽到一聲巨響，立即知道這將是一場嚴(yán)重的事故。A.accident事故；B.performance表現(xiàn)；C.competition競爭；D.party當(dāng)事人。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)astweektosaveawomanfollowingacarcrash.”可知，此處指發(fā)生了一場車禍，本段介紹的是車禍細(xì)節(jié)。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們開始嘗試毫不猶豫地將受害者從她的車上拉出來。A.youth青年；B.partner伴侶；C.victim受害者；D.teacher教師。根據(jù)語境可知，發(fā)生了車禍?zhǔn)鹿?，他們沒有猶豫去救援，把受害者拉了出來。故選C。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：門被卡住了，形狀很糟糕。A.usual平常的；B.terrible可怕的；C.good好的；D.normal正常的。由本句中“Thedoorwasjammed”可知，車門已卡住，車禍也很嚴(yán)重。由此可知，車門嚴(yán)重變形了。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們確實(shí)開始用他們所有的力量掰開車門，以便把那位女士救出來。A.forming形成；B.paying付款；C.renting租用；D.using使用。有本句中“theirstrength”可知，他們是使用所有力量掰開車門的，故選D。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們真的開始用力氣把門撬開，這樣這位女士就可以被釋放出來了。他們確實(shí)開始用他們所有的力量掰開車門，以便把那位女士救出來。A.released釋放；B.hidden隱藏；C.avoided避免；D.blocked被阻止。根據(jù)前文“pry(掰開)thedooropen”可知，他們掰開車門是要把那位被困的女士釋放出來。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：警方稱，這名女士被送往醫(yī)院，身上有傷口和瘀傷。A.school學(xué)校；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.square平方；D.spot斑點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“withcutsandbruises”可知，身上有傷口和瘀傷，是被送往了醫(yī)院。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她有望好起來。A.started開始；B.chosen選擇；C.decided決定；D.expected預(yù)期。女士雖然受傷，被及時(shí)救治，有望康復(fù)。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校足球隊(duì)表揚(yáng)了救人的球員。A.educated教育；B.praised表揚(yáng)；C.protected保護(hù)；D.warned警告。幾位足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員把車禍中的女司機(jī)拯救了下來，所以學(xué)校足球隊(duì)表揚(yáng)了救人的球員。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們說，他們?yōu)闊o私的行為和展示團(tuán)隊(duì)的良好品質(zhì)感到無比自豪。A.easy輕松的；B.clear清晰的；C.selfless無私的；D.common普通的。根據(jù)本句中“Theysaidthattheycouldn’tbeprouderof”以及“hegoodcharacteristicsoftheirteam.”可知，他們是自豪的，為那幾個(gè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的無私和良好品質(zhì)而