高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)三十二選修7Unit2Robots課件新人教版

三十二選修7

Unit2

Robots(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·威海模擬)ClaudeMonet,PabloPicassoandLeonardodaVinci...theartworldhasneverlackedtalent.Andnow,anewpainterisreadytojointhelist,althoughthisoneisn’tevenhuman.Nextmonth,auctionhouse(拍賣行)Christie’sPrintsandMultipleswillmakehistorybyofferingthefirstpieceofartcreatedbyartificialintelligenceforsale.ThepaintingisaportraitofamancalledEdmondDeBelamy,andisexpectedtobesoldforupto$10,000(69,000yuan).

Thework,whichfeaturesamanwithamysteriouslookonhisface,wascreatedbysoftwaredevelopedbytheFrenchartgroupObvious.NicholasLaugero

Lasserre,anartcollectorfromFrance,calledthework“ridiculousandamazingatthesametime”.Thisisn’tthefirstexampleofAI-producedartwork,asAIhasalreadybeenusedtowritepoemsandcomposesongs.However,manypeopledoubtwhetheritshouldbecalledartatall.

AccordingtoRussianwriterLeoTolstoy,artisaboutcreatingemotion.It’s“ameansof...joiningpeopletogetherinthesamefeelings”,heoncesaid.

So,iftheemotionbehindartiswhatmakestheart,theabilitytocreateandusetoolsiswhatmakeshumanbeingsdifferentfromotherspecies.Andasatoolitself,theAItechnologyusedtocreatetheportraitistheresultofalotofeffortmadebyseveraldesigners.Together,they“fed”theAIahugecollectionofpaintingsfromthe14thtothe18thcenturies,untilitwasabletoworkouthowtomakesimilarpaintingsofitsown.

TheintroductionofAIartcouldbethebeginningofanewartisticmovement.However,noteveryoneisreadytowelcomethesehigh-techartistsjustyet.【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了下個月佳士得拍賣行將首次拍賣由人工智能創(chuàng)造的藝術(shù)品,這幅名為愛德蒙·德·貝拉米的男子肖像畫將創(chuàng)造新歷史。人工智能藝術(shù)的引入可能是一場新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動的開始,但是未來發(fā)展情況如何,誰都不清楚。1.WhyareMonet,PicassoanddaVincimentionedatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Tolistworldfamoustalentedartists.B.Tointroduceanewpainterasgreatasthem.C.Toshowtheprosperityoftheartworld.D.Tohighlighttheinhumanpainterbycontrast.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ClaudeMonet,PabloPicassoandLeonardodaVinci...theartworldhasneverlackedtalent.Andnow,anewpainterisreadytojointhelist,althoughthisoneisn’tevenhuman.克勞德·莫奈、巴勃羅·畢加索和列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇……藝術(shù)界從來不缺天才?，F(xiàn)在,一位新畫家也準(zhǔn)備加入這個行列,盡管這甚至都不是人類。可知,文章第一段中列舉Monet,Picasso和daVinci這些著名的畫家是為了烘托,突出介紹非人類的畫家。故選D項。2.WhydoesthepaintingmentionedinParagraph2gainspecialconcern?A.It’sthefirstAI-producedartworkforsale.B.It’llbeauctionedinafamousauctionhouse.C.It’stheportraitofamanwithmysteriouslook.D.Itsauctionpriceisexpectedtobethehighest.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Nextmonth,auctionhouseChristie’sPrintsandMultipleswillmakehistorybyofferingthefirstpieceofartcreatedbyartificialintelligenceforsale.下個月,佳士得拍賣行的印刷品和復(fù)制品將首次拍賣由人工智能創(chuàng)造的藝術(shù)品,從而將創(chuàng)造歷史?？芍?這幅畫獲得這么多關(guān)注是因為這是第一次出售由人工智能創(chuàng)造的藝術(shù)品。故選A項。3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayLeoTolstoyagreewith?A.AItechnologyisatoolforartisticcreation.B.AIistaughttoexpresshumanemotionsinart.C.AIcopiedpaintingsofthe14th—18thcenturies.D.AIartjoinspeopletogetherinthesamefeelings.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段AccordingtoRussianwriterLeoTolstoy,artisaboutcreatingemotion.It’s“ameansof...joiningpeopletogetherinthesamefeelings”,heoncesaid.俄國作家列夫·托爾斯泰認(rèn)為,藝術(shù)就是創(chuàng)造情感。他曾經(jīng)說過,這是“一種方式……讓人們懷著同樣的感受走到一起”。以及第五段中So,iftheemotionbehindartiswhatmakestheart,theabilitytocreateandusetoolsiswhatmakeshumanbeingsdifferentfromotherspecies.Andasatoolitself,theAItechnologyusedtocreatetheportraitistheresultofalotofeffortmadebyseveraldesigners.所以,如果說藝術(shù)背后的情感是藝術(shù)的本質(zhì),那么創(chuàng)造和使用工具的能力就是人類區(qū)別于其他物種的地方。作為一種工具,人工智能技術(shù)用于創(chuàng)建肖像是許多設(shè)計師努力的結(jié)果。可知,LeoTolstoy可能贊成人工智能技術(shù)是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的工具。故選A項。4.Whatmightbethefutureofthenewartisticmovement?A.Popular.

B.Unclear.C.Predictable. D.Unacceptable.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段TheintroductionofAIartcouldbethebeginningofanewartisticmovement.However,noteveryoneisreadytowelcomethesehigh-techartistsjustyet.人工智能藝術(shù)的引入可能是一場新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動的開始。然而,并不是每個人都準(zhǔn)備好歡迎這些高科技藝術(shù)家?？芍?新藝術(shù)運(yùn)動的未來到底怎樣是還不清楚的。故選B項

【知識拓展】難句解讀

So,iftheemotionbehindartiswhatmakestheart,theabilitytocreateandusetoolsiswhatmakeshumanbeingsdifferentfromotherspecies.Andasatoolitself,theAItechnologyusedtocreatetheportraitistheresultofalotofeffortmadebyseveraldesigners.分析:第一句中的兩個what都是引導(dǎo)表語從句,第二句中的usedtocreatetheportrait作AItechnology的后置定語,madebyseveraldesigners作effort的后置定語。翻譯:所以,如果說藝術(shù)背后的情感是藝術(shù)的本質(zhì),那么創(chuàng)造和使用工具的能力就是人類區(qū)別于其他物種的地方。作為一種工具,用于創(chuàng)造肖像的人工智能技術(shù)是許多設(shè)計師努力的結(jié)果。B

Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink.Youngcountrieswithmanychildrenhavefewrobots.Ageingnationshavelots.ThecountrieswiththelargestnumberofrobotsperindustrialworkerincludeSouthKorea,Singapore,GermanyandJapan,whichhavesomeoftheoldestworkforcesintheworld.

Theconnectiondoesnotmerelyreflectthefactthatyoungcountriestendtobepoorandcannotaffordfancymachines,whichtheydonotneedanyway.Itholdsgoodwithinrichcountries,too.ThosewithrelativelyfewrobotscomparedwiththesizeoftheirworkforceincludeBritainandFrance,bothofwhich(byrich-countrystandards)areageingslowly.

Tworecentstudiesquantifytheconnection.Daron

AcemogluofMITandPascual

RestrepoofBostonUniversityshowthat,between1993and2014,thecountriesthatinvestedthemostinroboticswerethosethatwereageingthefastestmeasuredasariseintherateofpeopleover56comparedwiththoseaged26—55.Theauthorspositaruleofthumbaten-pointriseintheirageingrateisassociatedwith0.9extrarobotsperthousandworkers.

AstudyfromGermanyuseddifferentmeasuresbutreachedthesameconclusion.Theyfoundthatthegrowthinthenumberofrobotsperthousandworkersrisestwiceasfastasthefallinthegrowthrateofthepopulation(e.g.ifpopulationgrowthfallsby1%,thegrowthinrobotdensityrisesby2%).Populationgrowthiscloselyrelatedtoagestructure.

Thesefindingsshouldnotbesurprising.Robotstypicallysubstituteforlabour.Thatiswhymanypeoplefearthattheywilldestroyjobs.Countrieswithplentyofyoungworkersdonotneedlaboursubstitutes.Wagestherealsotendtobelow,makingautomationunprofitable.Butageingcreatesdemandforautomationintwoways.First,topreventoutputfallingasmorepeopleretire,machinesarenecessarytosubstituteforthosewhohavelefttheworkforceortoenableageingworkerstocontinuetodophysicallabour.Second,oncepeoplehaveretiredtheycreatemarketsfornewkindsofautomation,includingrobotsthathelpwiththemedicalandotherrequirementsofcaringforpeoplewhocannolongerlookafterthemselves.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。老齡化和機(jī)器人都是老生常談的話題了,但很少有人研究兩者的關(guān)系,最近有學(xué)者就兩者間的關(guān)系做了研究。過去,人們常常認(rèn)為機(jī)器人的發(fā)展會導(dǎo)致就業(yè)崗位的減少,從而導(dǎo)致大量工人下崗失業(yè)。但最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)表明,國家的老齡化速率每提高10個百分點(diǎn),每千名工人對應(yīng)的機(jī)器人數(shù)量就增加0.9個,老齡化以兩種方式創(chuàng)造了對自動化的需求。5.AccordingtoParagraph1,_________.

A.ageingiscloselyrelatedtorobotsB.ageingcountrieshavefewrobotsC.robotsareneededinyoungcountriesD.youngandrichcountrieswantmorerobots【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由第一段“Ageingandrobotsaremorecloselyrelatedthanyoumightthink.”可知,老齡化和機(jī)器人之間的關(guān)系比你們認(rèn)為的更密切。所以通過關(guān)鍵詞“morecloselyrelatedthan”推斷出,老齡化與機(jī)器人密切相關(guān)。故A選項正確。6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlined“posit”inParagraph3?A.Want.

B.Remove.C.Assume. D.Obey.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。由第三段“Theauthorspositaruleofthumbaten-pointriseintheirageingrateisassociatedwith0.9extrarobotsperthousandworkers.”可知,他們認(rèn)為有這樣一項經(jīng)驗法則:一個國家的老齡化速率每增加10個百分點(diǎn),每千名工人對應(yīng)的機(jī)器人數(shù)量就會增加0.9個。所以通過上下文語境可以判斷出,assume“假設(shè),認(rèn)為”最能解釋第三段中加下劃線的“posit”的意思。故C選項正確。7.Howmuchwilltherobotpopulationgrowifthehumanpopulationgrowthdecreasesby3%?A.1%.

B.2%.

C.3%.

D.6%.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Theyfoundthatthegrowthinthenumberofrobotsperthousandworkersrisestwiceasfastasthefallinthegrowthrateofthepopulation(e.g.ifpopulationgrowthfallsby1%,thegrowthinrobotdensityrisesby2%).”可知,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),每千名工人對應(yīng)機(jī)器人數(shù)量的增速是人口增速下降的兩倍(即人口增長率每下降1%,機(jī)器人密度增長2%)。所以按照此比例進(jìn)行計算。如果人口的增速減少3%,機(jī)器人數(shù)量的增速就會增加6%。故D選項正確。8.Whydoesageingcreatedemandforrobots?A.Becauseretiredpeoplehavelowerwages.B.Becauserobotsaresubstitutesforretiredworkers.C.Becauserobotsareunprofitableinyoungcountries.D.Becausetheretiredneedthesamerobotstheyusedbefore.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“First,topreventoutputfallingasmorepeopleretire,machinesarenecessarytosubstituteforthosewhohavelefttheworkforce”可知,首先,隨著越來越多的人退休,為了防止產(chǎn)量下降,必須用機(jī)器替代減少了的勞動力或輔助老齡工人繼續(xù)從事體力勞動。所以老齡化會產(chǎn)生對機(jī)器人的需求是因為機(jī)器人是退休工人的替代品。故B選項正確。【知識拓展】詞匯積累1.comparedwith 與……相比2.invest 投資3.beassociatedwith/berelatedto 與……有關(guān)系4.substitutefor 替代……5.assume 假定;假設(shè);認(rèn)為Ⅱ.完形填空

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【文章大意】本文屬于記敘文,講述作者在聽老師朗讀的時候,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己害怕的男孩也聚精會神地聽著,同時男孩向作者微笑了,作者也以微笑回報,兩人關(guān)系發(fā)生了改變,作者把這種改變歸功于朗讀。1.A.shouting B.singingC.talking D.reading【解析】選D。考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在教室里,MsBoyette

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Dolphins的文章。shouting大聲叫喊;singing唱;talking談?wù)?reading讀。根據(jù)后文可知,本文講述朗讀的影響,故選D。2.A.author B.characterC.reader D.listener【解析】選B?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:我們剛好聽到這一部分,主人公正在馴化一只野狗。author作者;character人物;reader讀者;listener聽眾。根據(jù)文章可知,本句講述當(dāng)時作者聽到的小說部分,指小說中的角色。故選B。3.A.wonder B.silenceC.warmth D.comfort【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:我聽著,沉浸于這些神奇的東西中。wonder奇跡;silence沉默;warmth溫暖;comfort舒適。根據(jù)前文trainingawilddog可知,作者被小說的情節(jié)完全吸引住了,故選A。4.A.greeted B.touched C.hurt D.refused【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:離我不遠(yuǎn)的地方,坐著一個男孩,他總是嚇或者傷害他人。greeted打招呼;touched觸摸;hurt傷害;refused拒絕。根據(jù)本句frightened可知,該男孩做的事情讓人討厭,故選C。5.A.aware B.terrified C.bored D.guilty【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:因此,我害怕這個男孩。aware知道;terrified害怕的;bored厭倦的;guilty愧疚的。根據(jù)前文frightened可知,作者害怕這個男孩,故選B。6.A.habit B.form C.effort D.hope【解析】選A。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)MsBoyette

朗讀的時候,我看了看這個男孩,因為他是那種我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了習(xí)慣時刻盯著他的學(xué)生。habit習(xí)慣;form形式;effort努力;hope希望。根據(jù)前文可知,作者害怕那個男孩,養(yǎng)成了時刻提防的習(xí)慣,故選A。7.A.predicted B.imaginedC.promised D.noticed【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:我注意到,他也在聽著,他完全被故事情節(jié)給吸引住了。predicted預(yù)測;imagined想象;promised承諾;noticed注意到。根據(jù)上文可知,作者盯著男孩看才注意到男孩聽故事的狀態(tài),故選D。8.A.speech B.story C.journey D.diary【解析】選B。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我注意到,他也在聽著,他完全被故事情節(jié)給吸引住了。speech演講;story故事;journey旅程;diary日記。根據(jù)上文可知,老師正在給孩子們朗讀故事,故選B。9.A.pointed B.nodded C.stared D.waved【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:我盯著他看,嘴巴張開著。pointed指向;nodded點(diǎn)頭;stared盯著看;waved揮手。根據(jù)后文可知,作者一直看著男孩,但是男孩沒有注意到,故選C。10.A.struck B.mixedC.cheated D.confused【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:我突然意識到這個男孩跟我一樣。struck打動;mixed混合;cheated欺騙;confused使疑惑。根據(jù)文章可知,作者突然意識到男孩跟作者一樣被故事所打動了,故選A。11.A.behind B.beyond C.around D.like【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。句意:我突然意識到這個男孩跟我一樣。behind在……后面;beyond超越;around在……周圍;like像。根據(jù)文章可知,作者突然意識到男孩跟作者一樣被故事吸引住了,故選D。12.A.ignore B.feel C.meet D.observe【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:這個男孩一定感覺到了我在看著他,因為他轉(zhuǎn)身了。ignore忽視;feel感覺;meet見面;observe觀察。根據(jù)文章可知,男孩轉(zhuǎn)身,作者認(rèn)為其行為被發(fā)現(xiàn)了,故選B。

13.A.useful B.naturalC.serious D.amazing【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:之后,驚訝的事情發(fā)生了。useful有用的;natural自然的;serious嚴(yán)肅的;amazing讓人驚訝的。根據(jù)后文Hesmiledatme.可知,男孩朝作者微笑了,作者覺得很不可思議,故選D。14.A.Then B.Again C.Instead D.Besides【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:之后,我也微笑了,不再害怕。Then之后;Again再次;Instead代替;Besides另外。根據(jù)前文可知,男孩向作者微笑,作者之后也以微笑回報,前后為先后關(guān)系,故選A。15.A.strangers B.kidsC.teachers D.enemies【解析】選B?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:我們是兩個相互微笑的孩子。strangers陌生人;kids孩子;teachers教師;enemies敵人。根據(jù)前文可知,作者回憶的是孩子時代的事情,故屬于孩子,故選B。16.A.funny B.busyC.lucky D.small【解析】選D。考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:為什么我沒有忘記這個很微小的時刻?funny有趣的;busy繁忙的;lucky幸運(yùn)的;small小的。根據(jù)文章可知,這件事情很小,但是作者沒有忘記,故選D。17.A.seek B.organize C.recall D.trust【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:為什么我還能回憶其中每一個細(xì)節(jié)。seek尋找;organize組織;recall回憶;trust信任。根據(jù)前文可知,作者沒有忘記,還能記得很多細(xì)節(jié),故選C。18.A.power B.courageC.amusement D.ability【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:我想那很好地詮釋了朗讀的力量。power力量;courage勇氣;amusement快樂;ability能力。作者認(rèn)為這是因為朗讀的作用,相信朗讀的力量,故選A。ability是指做某事的能力,不符合句意。19.A.cheer B.seeC.miss D.mention【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:朗讀把我們領(lǐng)進(jìn)一個安全屋,每個人都在其中,無論是朗讀者還是聽眾,都有機(jī)會看見對方。cheer振奮;see看見;miss錯過;mention提及。根據(jù)文章可知,在朗讀的時候,作者與男孩的關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化,故選B。20.A.challenge B.knowledgeC.choice D.connection【解析】選D?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:我們作為人類,渴望的不只是故事和語言的流動,還有朗讀帶來的某種聯(lián)系。challenge挑戰(zhàn);knowledge知識;choice選擇;connection聯(lián)系。作者把與害怕的男孩之間關(guān)系的改變歸功于朗讀,認(rèn)為是因為朗讀產(chǎn)生了某種聯(lián)系,故選D?！局R拓展】難句解讀

WhileMsBoyettewasreading,Ilookedoverathim,forhewassomeoneIwasinthehabitofkeepinganeyeon.Inoticedthathewaslisteningtoo,thathewasengagedbythestory,thathewasleaningforwardinhisseatandlisteningwithallhisheart.分析:第二句中,三個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作noticed的賓語。翻譯:當(dāng)MsBoyette

朗讀的時候,我看了看這個男孩,因為他是那種我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了習(xí)慣要時刻盯著他的學(xué)生。我注意到,他也在聽著,他完全被故事情節(jié)給吸引住了,他在座位上身體前傾,用心地聽。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

FromthefirstdayIarrivedinKunming,IhadmyunderstandingofChina1._________(change).Farfrombeingnarrow-mindedandhostileto2._________(foreign),peoplecameuptotalktomethefirsttimeIwentoutonthestreet.IthappenedtobeallinChinese,soIdidn’tunderstandmuch,3._________itdidcausemetorethinkmyassumptions.

AsmyChineseimproved,thiscontinuedthroughoutmystay,frommylandlordintroducingmetopeoplewhocouldhelpuslearnChineseto4._________(get)toknowthecouplewhorananoodlerestaurantnearby.

Ifyou’reinterestedinotherpeople,theirculture,andtheirlanguage,they’llbe5._________(friend)toyou.Chinaisn’t6._________exception.

Don’tjudgeacountrybyitsmediacoverage,7._________(especial)someWesternmedia,