2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Module2FantasyLiteraturePeriodFour教案含解析外研版選修6

PAGE1-PeriodFourGrammar—Adverbialclauseswith-ing感知以下課文原句，完成方框下的小題1．...butashestoodtryingtoclearhishead，hesawacat.2．Thekingtakesthewomantohispalaceandmarriesher，notknowingthatsheisawickedwitch.3．Onreturningtothepalace，thekingmarriesthewoman.4．Beforestartingthewar，thekingspeakstotheprince.5．Whilefightinginthewar，theprincelearntmanythings.1．以上各句中，黑體部分在句中均作狀語(yǔ)。2．由句2可知，動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。3．由句3可知?jiǎng)釉~-ing形式短語(yǔ)前可用介詞on/upon，表示“一……就……”。由句4、5可知在動(dòng)詞-ing形式前可加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞(when，while，before，after，if，unless，though/although等)。一、基本用法動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常都表示主語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)動(dòng)作(即動(dòng)詞-ing形式與主語(yǔ)在邏輯上存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系)，用來(lái)對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作加以修飾或作為陪襯，它可表示時(shí)間、緣由、條件、讓步、結(jié)果、方式或伴隨動(dòng)作，相當(dāng)于相對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句或and引導(dǎo)的并列句。1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，多置于句首，也可置于句末。Hearingthegoodnews(Whentheyheardthegoodnews)，theywentwildwithjoy.聽到這個(gè)好消息，他們興奮得發(fā)了狂。Shoppinginthemall(WhileIwasshoppinginthemall)，Icameacrossmyformerclassmate，Tom.當(dāng)我在商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物時(shí)，我遇見了以前的同學(xué)湯姆。2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作緣由狀語(yǔ)，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。Gettinguplate(Becausehegotuplate)，hemissedhisearlytrain.由于起床晚了，他沒有趕上早班火車。Beingtired(Becausehewastired)，hecouldn’twalkanyfurther.由于累，他再也走不動(dòng)了。3．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作條件狀語(yǔ)，多置于句首。Turningtotherightatthesecondcrossing(Ifyouturntotherightatthesecondcrossing)，youwillseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.在其次個(gè)十字路口向右拐，你會(huì)看到郵局就在你前面。Beingmorecareful(Ifyouaremorecareful)，youwillmakefewermistakes.更細(xì)心點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)少犯錯(cuò)誤。4．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作讓步狀語(yǔ)，多置于句首。Beingpoor(Althoughhewaspoor)，theoldmanwashappy.雖然窮，但老人很華蜜。KnowingwhereIlive(AlthoughheknowswhereIlive)，henevercomestoseeme.盡管知道我住哪里，他從來(lái)也沒有來(lái)看我。5．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多置于句末。Theboyfelloffhisbike，breakinghisleftarm(andbrokehisleftarm)．男孩從他的自行車上摔了下來(lái)，弄折了他的左胳膊。Heranalltheway，reachingtheschooloutofbreath(andreachedtheschooloutofbreath)．他跑了一路，到達(dá)學(xué)校時(shí)上氣不接下氣。[名師點(diǎn)津]動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。而不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)則表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，且常與only連用。Hehurriedtothestation，onlytofindthetrainhadleft.他匆忙來(lái)到車站，卻發(fā)覺火車已經(jīng)走了。6．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，多置于句末，也可置于句首。Hesatatthetable，readingamagazine(andreadamagazine)．他坐在桌子旁，讀著一本雜志。二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式通常在-ing形式前加否定詞not。Shewaspuzzled，notknowingwhathadhappened.她迷惑了，不知道發(fā)生了什么。三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)前可用連詞，有時(shí)也可用介詞。1．為了使動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的時(shí)間、條件、讓步等意思更加明確，可在動(dòng)詞-ing形式前加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞(when，while，before，after，if，unless，though/although等)。Don’ttalkwhilehavingdinner(whileyouarehavingdinner)．吃飯時(shí)不要說(shuō)話。Though/Althoughworkinghard，hecouldn’tearnenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebt.盡管努力工作，他也不能掙到足夠的錢還清債務(wù)。2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)前可用介詞on/upon，表示“一……就……”。Onhearingthenews，allthepupilsjumpedwithjoy.一聽到這個(gè)消息，全部的學(xué)生都興奮得跳了起來(lái)。四、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)與過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)分現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Frightenedbythenoiselastnight，thegirldidn’tdaretosleepinherroom.受到昨晚響聲的驚嚇，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房間。Lookingcarefully，hefoundsomethinghehadn’tknownbefore.他細(xì)致看時(shí)，發(fā)覺了一些從前不知道的東西。Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1．Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod，exceeding(exceed)theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.(2024·江蘇)2．China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhilefeeding(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)3．Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.(2024·天津)4．Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots，using(use)twigs(樹枝)toremoveit.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)5．Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows，making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.(2024·天津)6．Likeancientsailors，birdscanfindtheirwayusing(use)thesunandthestars.(2015·重慶)Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Everyonewassilent，eq\f(wait,waiting)toseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ，短文改錯(cuò))2．Aftereq\f(looks,looking)atthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.(2015·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))3．Oneeveningatsunset，wesatbythefire，eq\f(have,having)ourbarbecue.(2014·陜西，短文改錯(cuò))4.eq\f(Felt,Feeling)hungry，webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.(2013·陜西，短文改錯(cuò))5．Aftereq\f(think,thinking)forsometime，Ilethercopymyanswers.(2013·四川，短文改錯(cuò))Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Whilewalking(walk)inthestreet，Isuddenlyheardsomeonecallingmynamefrombehind.2．Theboycame，rushing(rush)intotheteacher’sofficewithhistestpapersinhishand.3．The30-year-oldathletewontwogoldmedalsintheOlympicGames，becoming(become)anationalheroagain.4．Martinsentashortmessagetohisfriend，Tony，hoping(hope)toborrowsomemoneyfromhim.5．Following(follow)yourteacher’sadvice，youwillmakegreatprogresssoon.6．Althoughbeing(be)notrich，theWhitesarestillwillingtohelpthehomelessinwinter.7．Thegovernmenthasintroducedanewprogram，allowing(allow)thechildreninthecitytoreceivegoodeducation.8．Heglancedoverather，noticing(notice)thatthoughshewastinysheseemedverywell.9．Theoldcoupleoftentookawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing(follow)them.(2024·黑龍江大慶高二期中)10．Thoughlacking(lack)money，theymanagedtofinishtheprojectbeforethedeadline.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)11.eq\f(Heard,Hearing)thenews，mymotherwenttothehospitalimmediately.12．MyparentsmovedtoTianjin，eq\f(left,leaving)thehousetome.13．Wheneq\f(compared,comparing)differentcultures，weshouldalsonoticetheirsimilarities.14.eq\f(Opened,Opening)thewindow，Isawabutterflyflyingintomystudy.15.eq\f(Watch,Watching)theflagrisinginthebrilliantsun，wewerequiteexcitedandproudofourmotherland.Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換16．WhenBillputonhisclothes，Billwentoutinahurry.→Puttingonhisclothes，Billwentoutinahurry.17．Thesnowlastedaweek，soitresultedinaserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.→Thesnowlastedaweek，resultinginaserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.18．Becausehedidn’tknowwheretogo，Tomwenttoaskforadvice.→Notknowingwheretogo，Tomwenttoaskforadvice.19．Ifyoukeeptrying，you’llsucceedsoonerorlater.→Keepingtrying，you’llsucceedsoonerorlater.20．Assoonassheheardthenews，thegirlburstoutcrying.On/Uponhearingthenews，thegirlburstoutcrying.基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Following(follow)theguide，thevisitorsclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.2．Being(be)soangry，herushedoutoftheroomwithoutsayingaword.3．Holding(hold)guns，thesoldiersrushedoutandfoughtagainsttheenemiesbravely.4．Thechildrenwentoutoftheschooltalking(talk)andlaughing(laugh)．5．Thefishcaneatamaninafewminutes，leaving(leave)onlythebones.6．Whilewalking(walk)alongthevalley，wecameacrossalargecave.7．Chinahasstrengthenedsecuritychecksofgovernmentwebsites，hoping(hope)tocleanupthosethatarenotuptostandardbytheendof2024.8．Allthestudentspaidtheirattentiontowhattheirteachersaid，taking(take)notescarefully.9．Onarriving(arrive)atthebuildingsite，shefoundthembusylayingbricks.10．Theteacherenteredthehouse，followed(follow)byhisstudents.Ⅱ.用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)完成句子11．Beingseriouslyill，thepoorwomanhadtolieinbedallday.由于病得很重，那位可憐的老太太不得不成天躺在床上。12．Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm，causingthedelay.汽車受困于暴風(fēng)雪中，從而導(dǎo)致了延誤。13．Walkingoutoftheroom，hefoundtheboywasstillthere.走出房間，他發(fā)覺那個(gè)男孩還在那兒。14．MybestfriendLucyandIwalkedalongtheroad，talkingandlaughing.我和好摯友露西有說(shuō)有笑地走在路上。15．Theboylayonthegrass，staringatthestarsintheskyforalongtime.那個(gè)男孩躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地看著天上的星星。16．Readingcarefully，you’lllearnsomethingnew.細(xì)致讀，你就會(huì)學(xué)到新東西。17．Notknowingheraddressorphonenumber，wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.由于不知道她的地址和電話號(hào)碼，我們無(wú)法與她取得聯(lián)系。18．Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.她特別生氣以至于把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。19．Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear，makingitoneofthebest-sellersatthattime.那本書一年銷售五十多萬(wàn)冊(cè)，使它成為當(dāng)時(shí)的暢銷書之一。20．Livingmilesaway，heattendedthecourse.雖然住在幾英里之外，他仍去上課。實(shí)力提升Ⅲ.閱讀理解Successisoftenmeasuredbytheabilitytoovercomeadversity.But，itisoftenthebeliefofothersthatgivesusthecouragetotry.J．K.Rowling，theauthorofHarryPotterbookseries，beganwritingatage6.Inherbiography，sherememberswithgreatfondnesswhenhergoodfriend，Sean，whomshemetinsecondaryschool，becamethefirstpersontoencourageherandhelpbuildtheconfidencethatonedayshewouldbeaverygoodwriter.“HewasthefirstpersonwithwhomIreallydiscussedmyseriousambitiontobeawriter.HewasalsotheonlypersonwhothoughtIwasboundtobeasuccessatit，whichmeantmuchmoretomethanIevertoldhimatthetime.”Despitemanysetbacks，Rowlingperseveredinherwriting，particularlyfantasystories.Butitwasn’tuntil1990thatshefirstformedtheideaaboutHarryPotter.Assherecalls，“ItwasonalongtrainjourneyfromLondontoManchesterwhentheideaofHarryPottersimplyfellintomyhead.Tomyimmensefrustration，Ididn’thaveafunctioningpenwithme，andIwastooshytoaskanybodyifIcouldborrowone.Ithink，now，thatthiswasprobablyagoodthing，becauseIsimplysatandthought，forfourhours(delayedtrain)，andallthedetailsbubbledupinmybrain，andthisskinny，black-haired，bespectacled(戴眼鏡的)boywhodidn’tknowhewasawizardbecamemoreandmorerealtome.”Thatsameyear，hermotherpassedawayafteraten-yearbattlewithmultiplesclerosis(硬化癥)，whichdeeplyaffectedherwriting.Shewentontomarryandhadadaughter，butseparatedfromherhusbandshortlyafterwards.Duringthistime，Rowlingwasdiagnosedwithclinicaldepression.Unemployed，shecompletedherfirstnovelinareacafes，whereshecouldgetherdaughtertofallasleep.Afterbeingrejectedby12publishinghouses，thefirstHarryPotternovelwassoldtoasmallBritishpublishinghouse.Nowwithsevenbooksthathavesoldnearly400millioncopiesin64languages，J.K.Rowlingisthehighestearningnovelistinhistory.Anditallbeganwithhercommitmenttowritingthatwaspromotedbytheconfidenceofafriend!語(yǔ)篇解讀本文講解并描述了J.K.羅琳在摯友的激勵(lì)下，英勇面對(duì)各種挫折，堅(jiān)持自己的文學(xué)寫作幻想，最終獲得了勝利。21．WhobelievedJ．K.Rowlingwastobeagoodwriter?A．HerfriendSean. B．Hermother.C．Herdaughter. D．Herhusband.答案A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段和第三段可知答案。22．RowlingfirstcameupwiththeideaaboutHarryPotter.A．a(chǎn)ttheageof6B．onatrainjourneyC．a(chǎn)fterhermother’sdeathD．inhersecondaryschool答案B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Assherecalls，‘ItwasonalongtrainjourneyfromLondontoManchesterwhentheideaofHarryPottersimplyfellintomyhead...’”可知答案。23．ItcanbeconcludedfromParagraphs5and6thatRowlingis.A．warm-hearted B．open-mindedC．strong-willed D．easy-going答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段可知，J.K.羅琳的母親去世后，她雖然深受影響，但仍能接著自己的生活結(jié)婚生女；依據(jù)第六段可知，她的《哈利·波特》第一部在被出版社拒絕12次后，最終被一家小出版社買下。由此可知，J.K.羅琳是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)毅的女人。24．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ConfidenceofaFriendB．J.K.Rowling’sCareerC．AWonderfulIdeaD．J.K.RowlingandHarryPotter答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)文章前三段和最終一段可知，正是由于摯友肖恩對(duì)她的信任，J.K.羅琳才能堅(jiān)持自己的寫作幻想，最終最終取得了勝利。故選項(xiàng)A正確。Ⅳ.完形填空Aseveryonegrows，theyrealizetherewillalwaysbesomeonewhoisbetter.Ilearnedthis25inthesecondyearinhighschool.TheshockthisexperiencebroughtwassogreatthatIfeltmy26wasleftonthesideoftheroadfordead.Thatwasallittook；oneyearandoneperson27everything.HernameisJenny.Shewasthegirlwho28raisedherhandandhadusefulcommentsabouteverything.Whenteachersneededchallengingproblemsanswered，they29her.Andifstudentsneeded30，theywentlookingforher.Ididn’t31her，butIadmitherpresenceannoyedme.Inthefirstyear，asamodelstudent，Iwasthepersoneveryone32andalltheteacherstrusted.Thenshecameoutof33！Wealsohadtwoclasses34.ThereIgottoseewhateverybodythoughtofher.Whenanexamfinished，itbecamea35thatshegotthetopgradeanditdidn’t36tomyclassmateswhetherIwasrightthere，37Ialsogotexcellentgrades.Theywouldcrossadesertand38her!Iwasleftbeingdeniedmypresence.39，Ifeltlikenottryinganymore.Istoppedtryingtoputonashowbecausenoonewas40anymore.Later，Ivolunteeredatthegraduationceremony.Shewascalledtomakea(n)41anddiscussedherdifficulties.Irealizedallherhardworkgotherthere，notherdesireto42.ItfinallyhitmethatJenny43theattentionshegot.Sheshowedmehowbigtheworldisandhow44aworldIusedtolivein.I’lldomybestbecauseIknowitwillpayoff.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。班上新來(lái)的一位同學(xué)讓“我”明白山外有山，人外有人。)25．A.lesson B．courseC．plan D．excuse答案A解析此處指的是文章首句提到的“theyrealizetherewillalwaysbesomeonewhoisbetter”這個(gè)教訓(xùn)。26．A.sympathy B．trustC．respect D．pride答案D解析由其次段中的“amodelstudent”和下文同學(xué)們對(duì)“我”的看法可知，自從班上有了這個(gè)優(yōu)秀的珍妮，“我”就尊嚴(yán)掃地了。27．A.proved B．rememberedC．changed D．checked答案C解析由下一段的內(nèi)容可知，一個(gè)人在一年中變更了原來(lái)的一切。28．A.only B．stillC．never D．a(chǎn)lways答案D解析由本空后的“hadusefulcommentsabouteverything”可知，她在課堂上總是踴躍舉手。29．A.calledon B．interruptedC．supported D．caredabout答案A解析由上句的“hadusefulcommentsabouteverything”和本空前的needed可知，當(dāng)老師須要有人來(lái)回答難題時(shí)，他們就會(huì)叫她。30．A.friends B．a(chǎn)nswersC．news D．money答案B解析與上句構(gòu)成并列。當(dāng)學(xué)生們有問題解答不出來(lái)時(shí)，他們會(huì)向珍妮請(qǐng)教。31．A.hate B．hurtC．stop D．follow答案A解析由本空后“butIadmitherpresenceannoyedme”可知，她搶了“我”的風(fēng)頭，“我”雖不恨她，但“我”承認(rèn)她的存在惹惱了“我”。32．A.protected B．noticedC．missed D．served答案B解析由本空前的“amodelstudent”和本空后的trusted可知，“我”原來(lái)是學(xué)生們的楷模，大家的聚焦點(diǎn)在“我”這兒。33．A.somewhere B．everywhereC．nowhere D．a(chǎn)nywhere答案C解析由第一段最終一句可知，珍妮突然就出現(xiàn)了。34．A.first B．a(chǎn)gainC．a(chǎn)lone D．together答案D解析由下句的“gottosee”可知，我們?cè)谝黄鹕险n。35．A.standard B．challengeC．fact D．chance答案C解析本空后是所描述的一種事實(shí)。36．A.return B．matterC．happen D．occur答案B解析由下句同學(xué)們的行為可知，“我”在不在場(chǎng)他們都覺得無(wú)所謂。37．A.evenif B．a(chǎn)sifC．once D．since答案A解析由本空后的“alsogotexcellentgrades”可知，即使“我”也考了高分，同學(xué)們也無(wú)視“我”的存在。38．A.ask B．helpC．remind D．control答案A解析由本空前的cross和前文中的“l(fā)ookingforher”可知，他們舍近求遠(yuǎn)地去問她問題。39．A.Frightened B．ConfusedC．Bored D．Heartbroken答案D解析由上幾句“我”遭遇的變更和本空后的“nottryinganymore”可知，“我”很難過。40．A.laughing B．chattingC．watching D．hosting答案C解析由上文中的“Iwasleftbeingdeniedmypresence”可知，沒有人再關(guān)注“我”了。41．A.decision B．a(chǎn)ttemptC．speech D．a(chǎn)ppointment答案C解析由本空后的“discussedherdifficulties”可知，在畢業(yè)典禮上，珍妮做了演講。42．A.breakup B．giveupC．takeoff D．showoff答案D解析是努力學(xué)習(xí)才讓她成為了大家的楷模，她并不是為了炫耀。showoff炫耀。43．A.loved B．deservedC．needed D．escaped答案B解析由上句的“hardwork”可知，珍妮值得贏得大家的留意。44．A.lonely B．smallC．peaceful D．dark答案B解析與本空前的big構(gòu)成對(duì)比，珍妮讓“我”明白世界很大，而“我”過去卻生活在很小的一個(gè)世界里。Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空Arainforestisanarea45.(cover)bytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreadingquiteequallythroughtheyear.Rainforestshaveagreateffectontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.46.theforestcover，theseareaswouldreflectmoreheatintotheatmosphere,47.(warm)therestoftheworld.Losingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatterns，potentiallycausingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworld.Inthepasthundredyears，humans48.(begin)destroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources：landforcrops，woodforpaperandotherproducts，landforraisingfarm49.(animal)．Thisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawhole.Forexample，alotofcarbondioxideintheaircomesfromburningtherainforests.People50.(obvious)haveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtrees,51.wewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworld’sdrugstore.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.However，fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheir52.(medicine)value.Itisextremelylikely53.ourbestchancetocurediseases54.(lie)somewhereintheworld’sshrinkingrainforests.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了雨林的作用，以及人們破壞雨林的緣由和造成的影響等。45．答案covered解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾area，它與所修飾的詞之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞。故填covered。46．答案Without解析考查介詞。句意為：沒有雨林覆蓋的話，這些區(qū)域反射到大氣中的熱量會(huì)更多，從而會(huì)使地球其余區(qū)域變暖。由句意可知此處應(yīng)用介詞Without。47．答案warming解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)(空前描述的這件事)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填warming。48．答案havebegun解析考查時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)本句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthepasthundredyears及下文內(nèi)容可推斷出，此處表示發(fā)生