2021-2022學(xué)年河南省焦作市溫縣高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題

2021-2022學(xué)年河南省溫縣高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題時間：120分鐘總分：150分注意事項：1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（閱讀題）和第Ⅱ卷（表達題）兩部分。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試題上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howisthewomanprobablyfeeling?A.SadB.ExcitedC.Regretful2.Whatkindofbooksdoesthewomanlikereadingnow?A.SciencefictionB.DetectivestoriesC.Warstories3.Howisthemangoingtothezootomorrow?A.BybikeB.ByundergroundC.Bybus4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.WhethertochecktheirluggageB.WhichplanetotakeatPreseryC.Whattodoafterlanding5.Whereisthebicycle?A.BehindatreeB.Inaparkinglot.C.Byastreetlight第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各個小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6~7題。6Whatdidthemanforgettobuy?A.ThesugarB.ThecookiesC.Thecoffee7.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.ShecleanedthekitchenB.ShepaintedthebathroomC.Shereturnedherlibrarybooks聽第7段材料，回答第8~9題。8.WherewillMartagotowork?A.InNewYorkB.InAtlantaC.InOakland9.Whatdoesthewomanexpect?A.ApromotionB.AnewofficeC.Apayrise.聽第8段材料，回答第10~12題。10.Whatkindofflatdoesthemanwant?A.Aone-bedstudioB.Atwo-bedroomapartmentC.Afour-bedroomflat11.Whataremostoftheapartmentsinthetowncentrelike?A.ModernB.SmallC.Old12.Whydoesn’tthemanlikelivinginavillage?A.HecantgetmuchprivacyB.Hecan’tfindasuitablejobthereC.Hecan’trideabikeinmountains請聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whodoesthemanplantobuybooksfor?A.Hisnephew.B.HisbrotherC.Hisson14.Whichofthefollowingbookshasnowords?A.HurricaneB.Sector7C.TheLoathsomeDragon15.Howmanybooksdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.TwoB.FiveC.Seven16.WhatdoesthemansayaboutArt&Max?A.IttellshowtopaintB.ItisawordlessbookC.Itisastoryoftwolizards請聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatactivitywillbeheldinthetent?A.ApartyB.AtestC.Alecture18.Duringwhichactivitywillthelistenersreceivespecialtrainingfirst?A.Horse-ridingBSailing.C.Climbing19.WhywillthelistenerswalkacrossthehillsonWednesday?A.TopracticereadingmapsB.TolearntotakephotographsC.Toenjoythebeautifulscenery.20.Whenwillthelistenersbegintheirend-of-holidaytrips?A.OnWednesdaymorning.BOnThursdaymorning.COnThursdayafternoon第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AJournalistsaretheprofessionals(專業(yè)人士)thatareresponsibleforbringingallup-to-dateinformationtoreadersfromeverycomeroftheworld.Bydeliveringtheirvoice,manyfamousjournalistshaveearnedworldwidefame.JosephPulitzerAccordingtoJosephPulitzer,ifanationcanbeseenasalargeshipatsea,thejournalistsareitswatchkeeperswhoreporthiddendangerstomakesurethesafejourneyoftheship.HeworkedfortheSt.LouisPost-DispatchandTheWorld.Heisknowntotheworldasthe“GrandfatherofModernJournalism”.MargaretBourkeWhiteMargaretBourke-Whiteisknownasthefirstfemalewarjournalistandaskilledphoto-journalist.ShedidsomeoutstandingworkbycreatingaphotographicrecordofWorldWarandtheGreatDepression.Shewastheonlyphoto-journalistwhowaspermittedtoworkincombatzonebytheUSarmytoreportthewar.CarlBernsteinCarlBernsteinisoneofthemostfamousAmericaninvestigativejournalist,andhehasprovedthesaying,“Thepenismorepowerfulthansword”.CarlworkedwithanothergreatjournalistBobWoodwardatTheWashingtonPost.TheybroughtaboutarevolutionintheUSbyworkingtogetherontheWatergatescandal(丑聞),whichledtoPresidentRichardNixon'sresignation.ThisletTheWashingtonPostreceiveaPulitzerPrizeforPublicServicein1973.AnnaQuindlenAnnaQuindlen'sloveforjournalismgaveherakick-startfromherhighschoolwheresheworkedforherhighschoolpaper.Later,shewentontowriteinterestingandindemandcolumns(專欄)like“Hers”,”PublicandPrivate”andmanymoreforTheNewYorkTimes,whichwonherthePulitzerPrizein1992.Thisisthereasonwhysheisknownasthe“VoiceoftheBabyBoomers”.1.Whohascontributedmosttomodernjournalism?A.JosephPulitzer. B.MargaretBourke-White.C.CarlBernstein. D.AnnaQuindlen.2.Howmanyfemalejournalistsdoesthetextmentioninall?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.Science. B.Entertainment. C.Figure. D.Service.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。新聞工作者是負責(zé)向世界各地的讀者提供最新信息的專業(yè)人士。許多著名的記者通過發(fā)表他們的聲音而贏得了世界聲譽。文章主要介紹四位著名的記者?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Heisknowntotheworldasthe“GrandfatherofModernJournalism”.可知他被譽為“現(xiàn)代新聞業(yè)的鼻祖”。由此可知，JosephPulitzer對現(xiàn)代新聞業(yè)的貢獻最大。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中MargaretBourke-Whiteisknownasthefirstfemalewarjournalistandaskilledphoto-journalist.(MargaretBourke-White是第一位戰(zhàn)地女記者，也是一位攝影記者)以及最后一段中AnnaQuindlen'sloveforjournalismgaveherakick-startfromherhighschoolwheresheworkedforherhighschoolpaper.(AnnaQuindlen對新聞事業(yè)的熱愛讓她從高中為高中校報工作起步)。由此可知，文章提到了兩位女記者。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Journalistsaretheprofessionals(專業(yè)人士)thatareresponsibleforbringingallup-to-dateinformationtoreadersfromeverycomeroftheworld.Bydeliveringtheirvoice,manyfamousjournalistshaveearnedworldwidefame.可知新聞工作者是負責(zé)向世界各地的讀者提供最新信息的專業(yè)人士。許多著名的記者通過發(fā)表他們的聲音而贏得了世界聲譽。結(jié)合文章主要介紹四位著名的記者。由此可推知，文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的“人物”版面。故選C。BTIANJIN,Dec.12,2018(Xinhua)—StrikingChinesegongs(鑼)for50years,LiuZibin,a70-year-oldfolkartistinTianjinMunicipality,iseagertointroducethetraditionalmusicalinstrumentusedinChineseoperatomorepeople.LiubecameaddictedtoChineseoperainhischildhoodwhenhisgrandfatherfrequentlytookhimtowatchperformances.Attheageof13,hejoinedHebeibangzitrainingteam.HebeibangziisoneoftheoldesttypesofChineseoperainnorthernChina,whichbecamepopularintheQingDynasty.ItisatraditionalChineseoperacombiningmusic,vocals,danceandacrobatics(雜技).“Ittookmehourstopracticethebasicskillsofgongs,”hesaid.“Thisroundpieceofmetalcanhelpperformersonthestagetoexpressjoyandsorrowwhenhitbyastickwithdifferentrhythms,soImustbearinmindallkindsofrhythms(節(jié)奏)forvarioussituations.Forexample,strikinggongswithaquicktempo(速度)cancreateatenseatmosphereforactionscenes.”Inthe1960sand1970s,thereorganizationofoperatroupesinTianjinforcedmanymemberstoswitchtheirjobstothoseinfactories.ThankstoLiu’sbrilliantskills,hewasfortunateenoughtogotooneofthethreebiggestBeijingOperatroupesinTianjintocontinuehisgonglife.Tenyearsago,Liuretired,buthestillgoestoanoperateahousealmosteveryafternoontostrikethegongforoperaperformances.In2006,HebeibangziwaslistedintoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritage.However,heworriesaboutmaintainingtheartasfewerandfeweryoungstersarelearningpercussion(敲打樂器),especiallygongs.“Peoplewhostrikethegongstaybehindthescenes.Itishardforthemtogainfameandfortune,”hesaid.Althoughmanyamateurs(業(yè)余愛好者)havelearnedfromLiuovertheyears,somegaveupeasily.“It’sabitdullandboringtocontinuouslystrikeagongfor40minutesatthepracticestage.Itrequirespatience.Fewcanbearthehardship,”hesaid.VariouskindsofChinesegongsareneatlyplacedatLiu’shome.HeiswaitingformorepeopletotakeoverhiscareerandspreadthetraditionalChineseart.4.WhatcanweknowaboutLiuZibinfromthe2ndparagraph?A.HisgrandfatherfoundedHebeiOperaTroupe.B.HeshowedinterestinChineseoperaasachild.C.Hewastheonlyonewhocouldstrikegongsinthetroupe.D.HisgrandfathertaughthimtosingHebeibangzi.5.Whydidsomemembersoftheoperatroupesturntofactoriesinthe1960sand1970s?A.Becauseofthereformoftheoperatroupes.B.Becausenooneshowedinterestinoperathen.C.Becausetheycouldearnmoremoneyinfactories.D.Becausetheoperatroupewasbadlylackinginfunds.6.HowoldwasLiuZibinwhenheretired?A.55yearsold. B.60yearsold.C.65yearsold. D.70yearsold.7.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Peoplestrikingthegongwillneverbecomefamous.B.Graspingtheskillofstrikingthegongisanythingbutchallenging.C.LiuexpectsthetraditionalChineseartwilldrawmorepeople’sattention.D.Hebeibangziisnowtheworld’sintangibleculturalheritage.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹了70歲的天津市民間藝術(shù)家劉子斌。他已經(jīng)打了50年的中國鑼，劉希望中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)能吸引更多的人的注意?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句LiubecameaddictedtoChineseoperainhischildhoodwhenhisgrandfatherfrequentlytookhimtowatchperformances.“小時候，爺爺經(jīng)常帶他去看戲曲表演，從此劉迷上了京劇。”由此可知，劉子斌從小就對京劇很感興趣。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Inthe1960sand1970s,thereorganizationofoperatroupesinTianjinforcedmanymemberstoswitchtheirjobstothoseinfactories.ThankstoLiu’sbrilliantskills,hewasfortunateenoughtogotooneofthethreebiggestBeijingOperatroupesinTianjintocontinuehisgonglife.“在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代，天津歌劇院的重組迫使許多成員轉(zhuǎn)行到工廠工作。由于劉才華橫溢，他很幸運地去了天津三大京劇劇團之一，繼續(xù)他的敲鑼的生活?！庇纱丝芍?，一些劇團的成員在60年代和70年代之所以轉(zhuǎn)向工廠，是因為劇團的改革。故選A。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段TIANJIN,Dec.12,2018(Xinhua)—StrikingChinesegongs(鑼)for50years,LiuZibin,a70-year-oldfolkartistinTianjinMunicipality,iseagertointroducethetraditionalmusicalinstrumentusedinChineseoperatomorepeople.“新華網(wǎng)天津12月12日電，已經(jīng)打了50年的中國鑼，現(xiàn)年70歲的天津市民間藝術(shù)家劉子斌希望將中國戲曲中使用的傳統(tǒng)樂器介紹給更多的人?！焙偷谖宥蔚谝痪銽enyearsago,Liuretired,“十年前劉退休”。由此可知，劉子斌退休時60歲。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段VariouskindsofChinesegongsareneatlyplacedatLiu’shome.HeiswaitingformorepeopletotakeoverhiscareerandspreadthetraditionalChineseart.“劉的家里整齊地擺放著各種各樣的中國鑼。他在等待更多的人接手他的事業(yè)，傳播中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)?！庇纱丝芍瑒⑾Ｍ袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)藝術(shù)能吸引更多的人的注意。故選C。CIt’simportantforchildrentotakepartinsocialactivitiesduringtheirsummerholidays.“Kidsshouldhaveabreakduringthesummer.They’veworkedhardduringtheschoolyearandthisistheirtimetorelax,buttheyshouldcontinuecommunicatingwiththeirfriendsandmeetingnewpeople,”saidDr.JinHan.He’saprofessoratBaylorCollegeofMedicineinHouston.Spendingtimewithfriendsandmeetingnewpeoplebydoingfunandeducationalactivitiessuchasmusic,artsandsportsprogramsinsummerhelpwiththeirdevelopment.“Ifchildrenspendalotoftimealoneontheirelectronicequipment,thentheywillfailtocommunicatewithothers,”Hansaid.“Intoday’sworld,it’sveryeasyforkidstostayindoorsalldayandkeepintouchwithothers,butthatisnotagoodwaytoconnectwithothers.Face-to-facecommunicationisnecessaryandimportant.Parentsshouldrestrictthetimetheirchildrenspendonelectronicequipment.Forexample,thetimetheyspendontheirphonescannotbemorethanonehouraday.”It’salsoimportantforchildrentospendqualitytimewiththeirparentsandsistersorbrothers.“It’snotthelengthoftime,butthequalityoftimethatfamiliesspendtogetherthatisreallyvaluable,”Hansaid.“Thistypeofcommunicationisnotsomethingthatyoucangetfromanywhereelse.Itdoesn’tmatterhowoldthechildis,becausefamilybonding(人與人之間的關(guān)系)experiencescanhappenatanytime.”Havingchildrenspendtimewithfriendsandfamiliesdoesn’thavetospendmoneyinthewallet,either.Forexample,goingtotheneighborhoodswimmingpoolorhavingapicnicisagreatwaytospendqualitytimetogether.8.WhatdoesDr.JinHanthinkaboutthesummerholidaysaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Itisnecessaryforchildrentohavearestduringsummerholidays.B.Childrenshouldrelaxasmuchaspossibleduringsummerholidays.C.Makingnewfriendsinsummerholidaysisdifficultforchildren.D.Childrenshouldprepareforschoolworkinsummerholidays.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restrict”meaninParagraph2?A.Increase. B.Control. C.Spend. D.Employ.10.Whatcanweinferfromchildrenspendingtimewithfamilies?A.Howlongchildrenspendwithfamiliesmatters.B.Whattodowithfamiliesdependsontheparents.C.Whentospendtimewithfamiliesmakesadifference.D.Howtoenjoythetimewithfamiliesisofgreatimportance.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theimportanceoffriendsandfamilies. B.Theintroductionofsomesocialactivities.C.Thesuitablewaystospendsummerholidays. D.Thenecessityofface-to-facecommunication.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了孩子們在暑假期間應(yīng)該參加社會活動，應(yīng)該結(jié)識新朋友，與父母家人度過優(yōu)質(zhì)的家庭時間，并且不一定花錢?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Kidsshouldhaveabreakduringthesummer.(孩子們在夏天應(yīng)該休息一下)”由此可知，金瀚博士認(rèn)為在暑假里孩子好好休息是必要的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Face-to-facecommunicationisnecessaryandimportant.”(面對面交流是必要的和重要的)以及劃線詞后文“thetimetheirchildrenspendonelectronicequipment”可推知因為面對面交流是必要的和重要的，所以父母應(yīng)當(dāng)限制他們孩子花費在電子設(shè)備上的時間，故restrict意思與B項“控制”意思相近，A.Increase.增加；B.Control.控制；C.Spend.花費；D.Employ.雇傭。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“It’salsoimportantforchildrentospendqualitytimewiththeirparentsandsistersorbrothers.(對孩子來說，花優(yōu)質(zhì)的時間和他們的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要)”以及后文中“It’snotthelengthoftime,butthequalityoftimethatfamiliesspendtogetherthatisreallyvaluable,”Hansaid.”(韓認(rèn)為：“不是時間的長短，而是家庭在一起的時間質(zhì)量是非常有價值的”)故由從孩子與家人相處中我們能推斷出，如何享受與家人在一起的時間是非常重要的。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段提出孩子們在暑假期間參加社會活動是很重要的。根據(jù)第二段的首句“Spendingtimewithfriendsandmeetingnewpeoplebydoingfunandeducationalactivitiessuchasmusic,artsandsportsprogramsinsummerhelpwiththeirdevelopment.”(花時間和朋友在一起，結(jié)識新的人，在夏天做一些有趣的教育活動，如音樂、藝術(shù)和體育節(jié)目，有助于他們的發(fā)展)；第三段的首句“It’salsoimportantforchildrentospendqualitytimewiththeirparentsandsistersorbrothers.”(對孩子來說，花優(yōu)質(zhì)的時間和他們的父母、姐妹或兄弟在一起也很重要)根據(jù)第四段的首句“Havingchildrenspendtimewithfriendsandfamiliesdoesn’thavetospendmoneyinthewallet,either.”(讓孩子花時間和朋友和家人在一起也不必把錢花掉錢包里的錢)可推斷，文章主要講述了孩子們在暑假期間應(yīng)該參加社會活動，應(yīng)該結(jié)識新朋友，與父母家人度過優(yōu)質(zhì)的家庭時間，并且不一定非要花錢，因此文章主要講述過暑假的合適方式。故選C。DGivingchildrenmusiclessonswon’tjustintroducethemtomusic―itcouldalsogreatlyimprovetheirlanguageskills.Whilemanystudieshaveshownthatlearninganinstrumentcanaffectthingslikethelanguageability,itisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)skills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.Now,wearegettingclosertoananswer,thankstoastudyof74Chinesekindergartenchildren,ledbyRobertDesimonefromMIT.Forthestudy,Desimone’steamchosechildrenfromtheChineseeducationsystem,withthesupportofeducationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning.The4-to-5-year-oldMandarin-speakingchildreninthestudyweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupreceiveda45-minutepianolessonthreetimesaweek,whileanotherreceivedextrareadinginstructionclasses.Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.Theclasseslastedforsixmonths,afterwhichthechildrenweretestedontheirabilitytotellwordsbasedondifferencesintones,consonants(輔音),orvowels(元音).Thetestresultsshowedthatthechildrenwhohadtakenpianolessonsperformedbetterattellingthedifferencebetweenwordsthatdifferbyasingleconsonant,whencomparedwiththechildrenwhotookextrareadinglessons.Comparedtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.“Itlookslikeforrecognisingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,it’sbetterthanextrareading.Thatmeansschoolscouldpaymoreattentiontomusic,”Desimonesays.“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo―getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Learningamusicalinstrument.B.Astudyofchildren’sschooling.C.TheChineseeducationsystem.D.Improvementofcognitiveskills.13.Whatdidthethirdgrouplearninthestudy?A.Waystoimprovetheirstudy.B.Threeextrapianolessonsaweek.C.Extralessonsaboutreadingtips.D.Nothingexcepttheirusualstudies.14.Whatconclusiondidresearchersdrawatlast?A.Learningmusicimprovedlearners’memory.B.Childrentakingpianolessonsdidn’tperformwell.C.Theextrareadinggroupweregoodattellingvowels.D.Thepianoturnedouttobebetterthanotherinstruments.15.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDesimonesays?A.Childrenwholearnmusicperformbetteratschool.B.Itisn’twisetocutbackonmusiclessons.C.Schoolswillincreasereadingclasses.D.Manyschoolsvaluearteducation.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項研究表明，讓孩子上音樂課不僅會將他們引入旋律的世界，而且還會顯著提高他們的語言技能。學(xué)校不應(yīng)該削減音樂課程，而應(yīng)該更加關(guān)注音樂課程?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。通過閱讀可知，文章第二段“Whilemanystudieshaveshownthatlearninganinstrumentcanaffectthingslikethelanguageability,itisn’tunderstoodifthisisasideeffectofageneralimprovementofcognitiveskills,orsomethingthatdirectlyaffectslanguageprocessing.(雖然許多研究表明，學(xué)習(xí)樂器會影響語言能力等方面，但這究竟是認(rèn)知能力普遍提高的副作用，還是直接影響語言處理能力，目前還不清楚。)”提到了一個問題，即：學(xué)習(xí)樂器是否有助于學(xué)習(xí)；第三段第一句“Now,wearegettingclosertoananswer,thankstoastudyof74Chinesekindergartenchildren,ledbyRobertDesimonefromMIT.(現(xiàn)在，由于麻省理工學(xué)院的羅伯特?德西蒙領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一項針對74名中國幼兒園兒童的研究，我們離答案更近了一步。)”中提到的答案應(yīng)是針對第二段的問題，由此推知，劃線“it”所在句“educationofficialswhowantedtoseehowitmightimprovetheirlearning”應(yīng)理解為官方也想知道該問題的答案，即，學(xué)習(xí)樂器是如何提升學(xué)習(xí)的，it應(yīng)是指代“學(xué)習(xí)樂器”。故選A項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.”可知，第三組作為對照組，除了平常的課程外，沒有額外的課程。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“Comparedtothecontrolgroup,boththemusiclearnersandtheextrareadinggroupdidbetterintellingthedifferencebetweenwordsbasedonvoweldifferences.”可知，與對照組相比，音樂學(xué)習(xí)者和上額外閱讀課的學(xué)生都能更好地根據(jù)元音區(qū)分單詞。選項C“Theextrareadinggroupweregoodattellingvowels.(額外閱讀組擅長分辨元音。)”為依據(jù)原文的正確理解。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容的評述“Itlookslikeforrecognisingdifferencesbetweensounds,includingspeechsounds,it’sbetterthanextrareading.”可知，在識別聲音之間的差異方面，包括語音，學(xué)習(xí)音樂比學(xué)習(xí)閱讀要好。同時，她提到“It’snotworsethangivingextrareadingtothechildren,whichisprobablywhatmanyschoolsaretryingtodo―getridofthearteducationandjusthavemorereading.”可知，學(xué)習(xí)樂器不比增加閱讀課的效果差，而許多學(xué)校正在努力取消藝術(shù)教育，增加閱讀。由此可推知，削減音樂課是不明智的。故選B項?！军c睛】事實細節(jié)題的解題思路事實細節(jié)題最基本也最常用的方法是題干定位法。一般根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞在原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進行比較和分析，就可以確定答案。比如文章的第2小題：2.Whatdidthethirdgrouplearninthestudy?A.Waystoimprovetheirstudy.B.Threeextrapianolessonsaweek.C.Extralessonsaboutreadingtips.D.Nothingexcepttheirusualstudies.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thethirdgrouplearninthestudy”可定位到原文“Thethirdgroupactedascontrols,takingnoextralessonsbeyondtheirusualclasses.”，通過對比分析，可知，選項D“Nothingexcepttheirusualstudies.”與原文表達一致。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peoplewhoseemtohavealltheluckarenotusuallyblessedbyalargeamountofgoodfortune.Theysimplyhaveahealthyattitude,whichenablesthemtomakethemostofsituations.Herearesometipsforcreatingyourownluck..BeGratefulforWhatYouHaveSomepeoplearealreadylucky,andtheyjustdon’tknowit.____16____Forexample,youhaveahappyfamily,somewonderfulfriends,aroofoveryourheadandfoodonthetable.Byacknowledgingthesethingsregularly,youcaninstantlyfeelluckier..SeetheGoodInthePastPeoplesometimescomplainabouttheirpastforholdingthemback.Theyblametheirparentsortheirschoolingfornotsettingthemupforsuccess.Buthavingadifficultlifedevelopsstrengthsandqualitiesyoumightneverhavegotifyouhadn’tbeenthroughthosetoughsituations.____17____.BeGenerousIfyouwantpeopletogiveyouopportunities,youhavetoconsiderwhatyoucandoforothers.____18____Begenerouswithyourtimeandattention,andyou’llbesurprisedhowmanyluckyopportunitiespeoplemayofferyou..BeOpentoNewThingsLuckdoesn’tjusthappenuponus.Itcomestouswhenweareopen.____19____Learningnewskills,visitinganewplace,andtryinganewhobbyareallgreatwaysofexpandingyouropportunities..TakeAction____20____Takestepstowardsyourgoalsanddreamsandgreeteverychallengewithapositiveattitude.Youwillfindyoucreatemoreluckineverydaylife.A.Youcannotexpecttoreceiveifyounevergive.B.Sobegratefulforthegoodthatcamefromyourpast.C.Manypeoplespendtimethinkingaboutwhattheydon’thave.D.You’llneverhavegoodluckifyousittherewaitingforittocome.E.Tryingsomethingnewisagreatwayofgettingmoreopportunities.F.Butoftensuccesscomesfromgreatdeterminationratherthangoodluck.G.Lookathowluckyyoualreadyareinsteadoffocusingonwhatyoulack.【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.E20.D【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹幾條讓自己幸運的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somepeoplearealreadylucky,andtheyjustdon’tknowit.”（一些人已經(jīng)很幸運了，只是他們不知道。）可知，接下來要建議人們要意識到自己已經(jīng)擁有很多東西，已經(jīng)很幸運了。G選項“要看到你已經(jīng)很幸運了，而不是集中在你缺少的東西上?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“SeetheGoodInthePast”（要看到過去的好）可知，這一段是建議讀者要看到過去的好。B選項“因此，要對你過去的好表示感激?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“BeGenerous”（要大方）可知，這一段作者是建議讀者要慷慨大方。A選項“如果你不給與別人，就不要期待從別人那里得到?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“BeOpentoNewThings”（要接受新事物）可知，這一段作者建議讀者要接受新事物。E選項“嘗試新事物也是獲得更多機會的一個好方法。”和上文意思一致。故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TakeAction”（要采取行動）可知，這一段作者建議讀者要行動起來。D選項“如果你僅僅坐在那里等著，機會是永遠不會來的。”和上文意思一致。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分).閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A,B,C和D四個選項中,選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。InMarch,anotherlunginfectionattackedme.However,Iwas___21___becauseIdidn'thavetogotowork.Myworkwasmoredangerousthanmylunginfection.Mycustomerstendedtoberude.Themajorityofmyco-workerslovedgossipand___22___。EverynightwhenIbeganmywalktowork,Ifeltfine.___23___thetimeIhadreachedmy___24___myheadhurtandmystomachfelt___25___AsIwalkedthroughthedoor,Iwastenseandreadyfora___26___So,whenmylunginfectioncalmeddown,I___27___tofindanotherjob.Surfingthroughemploymentlistingsonline,Ifoundanadforahuman-onlycircus.Theworkwasbasicand___28___withinmypower.SoI___29___myresume.AfewdayslaterI___30___aninterviewandendedupgettinghired.Thepayatthecircuswas___31___Thehourswerelonger.Theworkwasmorephysically___32___However,Ilovedit.Iwasinanenvironmentwheremycolleagueswere___33___soIwasnevertiredwhenI___34___attheendoftheday.Ittookawhileformetofitin.Forthefirstfewweeksofwork,Iwas___35___，andIwasalwayslookingovermyshoulder.Iwas___36___tobefriendmyco-workers,forfearthattheywould___37___melater.Despiteallthese,Ibeganto___38___thatIwassmilingandlaughingatworkandthatmycolleaguesandI___39___eachother.Whenproblemsarose,wetalkedthemthroughinsteadofslingingmud(血口噴人）。IamnowsohappythatIhavemadea___40___decision.21A.upset B.thrilled C.heartbroken D.hopeless22.A.stories B.jokes C.tricks D.plays23.A.By B.At C.During D.For24.A.home B.clinic C.hospital D.workplace25.A.sick B.warm C.full D.empty26.A.talk B.battle C.sleep D.discussion27.A.refused B.promised C.decided D.managed28.A.hardly B.completely C.nearly D.seldom29.A.lifted B.handed C.canceled D.submitted30.A.organized B.missed C.scored D.arranged31.A.higher B.lower C.more D.fewer32.A.demanding B.painful C.attractive D.special33.A.mean B.diligent C.respectable D.devoted34.A.hungout B.checkedout C.clockedout D.gaveout35.A.overjoyed B.satisfied. C.ashamed D.tense36.A.unwilling B.free C.desperate D.eager37.A.dependon B.lookafter C.turnagainst D.dealwith38.A.remind B.notice C.recall D.think39.A.madefunof B.foundfaultwith C.lookedoutfor D.putupwith40.A.different B.complex C.last D.right【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D36.A37.C38.B39.C40.D【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文，主要講述作者不喜歡以前的工作和同事，換工作后和同事相處地很好，覺得這是一個正確的決定?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我很興奮，因為我不用去工作了。A.upset沮喪的；B.thrilled興奮的；C.heartbroken心痛的；D.hopeless無希望的。前文說自己感染肺炎，此處however轉(zhuǎn)折，所以作者很興奮，因為不用去上班了。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的大多數(shù)同事都喜歡八卦和惡作劇。A.stories故事；B.jokes笑話；C.tricks惡作??；D.plays戲劇。根據(jù)前文，作者不喜歡這份工作，大多數(shù)同事都愛八卦，所以這里tricks和八卦對應(yīng)，都表示不好的內(nèi)容。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達我的工作地點之前，我的頭感到疼痛，胃開始惡心。A.By到……之前；B.At在；C.During在……期間;D.For為了。此處表示到達工作地點的時候，我開始感到不舒服。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達我的工作地點之前，我的頭感到疼痛，胃開始惡心。A.home家；B.clinic衛(wèi)生所；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.workplace工作場所。根據(jù)前文的的beganmywalktowork可知這里是到達工作場所。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達我的工作地點之前，我的頭感到疼痛，胃開始惡心。A.sick惡心的；B.warm溫暖的；C.full滿的；D.empty空的。前面的hurt和這里sick惡心的對應(yīng)。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走過那扇門的時候，我已經(jīng)緊張起來，準(zhǔn)備好戰(zhàn)斗了。A.talk談話；B.battle斗爭；C.sleep睡眠；D.discussion討論。前文說我的工作比肺炎更危險，顧客和同事都不友好，所以這里是準(zhǔn)備好戰(zhàn)斗。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，當(dāng)我肺部感染好來后，我決定再找一份工作。A.refused拒絕；B.promised承諾；C.decided決定；D.managed設(shè)法。此處作者需要換工作，所以是決定做。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:這份工作很基礎(chǔ)，并且完全在我能力之內(nèi)。A.hardly幾乎不；B.completely完全地；C.nearly將近地；D.seldom很少。此處表示工作完全在我能力之內(nèi)，用副詞completely修飾。故選B項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我提交了我的簡歷。A.lifted提起；B.handed傳遞；C.canceled取消；D.submitted提交。此處作者在找工作，所以是提交簡歷。故選D項。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天后，我獲得了面試機會，并且最終被錄取了。A.organized組織；B.missed錯過；C.scored獲得；D.arranged安排。前文說提交了簡歷，所以這里是收到面試通知，故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：馬戲團的工資低了，工作時間長了。A.higher更高；B.lower更低；C.more更多；D.fewer更少。后文轉(zhuǎn)折到我愛這份工作，所以這份工作的條件并不是很好，所以是工資更低。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項工作對體力要求更高。A.demanding要求高的；B.painful痛苦的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.special特殊的。后文轉(zhuǎn)折到我愛這份工作，所以這份工作的條件并不是很好，可以推測這是體力要求高。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我處在一個同事們都值得尊敬的工作環(huán)境中，所以當(dāng)一天結(jié)束，打卡下班的時候我從來不累。A.mean吝嗇的；B.diligent勤勉的；C.respectable受尊重的；D.devoted忠誠的。此處respectable和作者原來愛八卦和捉弄人的同事進行對比。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我處在一個同事們都值得尊敬的工作環(huán)境中，所以當(dāng)一天結(jié)束，打卡下班的時候我從來不累。A.hungout閑逛；B.checkedout結(jié)賬離開；C.clockedout打卡下班；D.gaveout分發(fā)。根據(jù)“attheendoftheday”可知這里是一天結(jié)束打卡下班。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在工作的前幾周，我很緊張，總是小心翼翼。A.overjoyed狂喜的；B.satisfied滿足的；C.ashamed羞恥的；D.tense緊張的。根據(jù)后文的小心翼翼的，可知作者剛到新環(huán)境，感到緊張。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想和同事交朋友，因為我害怕他們之后會敵對我。A.unwilling不情愿的；B.free免費的；C.desperate令人絕望的；D.eager渴望的。后文說害怕同事敵對我，所以剛開始作者是不愿意交朋友的。故選A項。37題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我不想和同事交朋友，因為我害怕他們之后會敵對我。A.dependon依靠；B.lookafter照顧；C.turnagainst敵對；D.dealwith處理。由后文hehandedmeakeytohishome。前文說害怕，此處指害怕現(xiàn)在的同事像以前一樣敵對自己。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管如此，我開始注意到我在工作時微笑著，我的同事和我互相照顧。A.remind提醒；B.notice注意到；C.recall回想起；D.think思考。作者在工作的時候注意到同事對自己的態(tài)度。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我開始注意到我在工作時微笑著，我的同事和我互相照顧。A.madefunof取笑；B.foundfaultwith不滿于；C.lookedoutfor留心；D.putupwith忍受。此處表示和同事互相照顧。故選C項。【40題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我