2022年四川省樂(lè)山市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

樂(lè)山市高中2023屆教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHittheSauna(桑拿)InsteadoftheGymACoventryUniversitystudyreportsthatsittinginasaunaforatleast30minutesthreetimesaweekisasbeneficialashikingorridingabike.Itraisesyourbodytemperature,increasesyourheartrate,andhelpskeepyourbloodsugaratnormallevels.Overtime,ibismayloweryourriskoftype2diabetes,dementia,andheartdisease.LowerStresswiththeHelpofaFriendAccordingtoaUniversityofIllinoisstudy,womenarelikelytoturntoacaringfemalefriendtotalkaboutaproblem,whichsuccessfullylowerstheirstress.Andthisstrategycanhelpmanaswell.Sothenexttimeyoufeelstressed,callafriend.Itmighthelpyoufeelbetter,short-termandlong.TaiChireducesbellyfatAHongKongstudyfoundthatTaiCh(太極)reducesbellyfataseffectivelyasconventionalexercise.Sinceexcessbellyfatislinkedtoheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes,doingTaichicanhavesomeimportanthealthbenefits.ExercisebuildsbonesandprotectsagainstcancerABritishstudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhosufferfromosteoporosis—aconditionthatcausesbonestobecomedelicateandbreakeasilycouldbenefitfromexercisingmore.Exercisingaccelerates(加快)theformationofnewbonecelltissueandremovalofold.Manyhospitalsrecommendexerciseforupto150minutesaweek,asitincreasesenergyandstrengthwhilereducingpainandanxiety.21.What’sthebenefitofturningtoafriend?A.Loweringtheriskofdiabetes. B.Reducingheartattack.C.Keepingbloodpressure. D.Relievinganxiousemotions.22.Howdoesexercisehelpbuildbones?A.Bygrowingnewbonecelltissue. B.Byincreasingenergyandreducinganxiety.C.Bybreakingdowntheoldandfragilebones. D.BySpeedinguptheturnoverofoldandnewcells.23.Whatarethefourminiparagraphsabout?A.Newtreatmentoptionsforcertaindiseases. B.Majorbreakthroughsinmedicine.C.Newfindingsinhowtokeephealthy. D.Adviceonthefrequencyofexercise.BTwo“stolen”notebookswrittenbyCharlesDarwinwerereturnedtoCambridgeUniversity,nearly22yearsaftertheywentmissing.Thenotebooksincludedthescientist’sfamousTreeofLifesketch(草圖)andwerebelievedtohavebeentakeninNovember2000.Bothnotebookswerereturnedtothelibraryintheiroriginalfileboxes,andincludedaprintedmessagewhichread,“Librarian—HappyEaster...X”.SpeakingtotheBBC,CambridgeUniversity’slibrarianDrJessicaGardnersaidshefelt“joyous”attheirreturn.Initially,librarianshadthoughtthenotebookshadbeenmisplacedbystaff.Aftervariouschecksthroughtheyears,headlibrarianDrGardnereventuallyreportedthenotebooksasstolentothepolicein2020.DrGardnerwasalsoworriedthatthenotebooksmighthavetakenalifetimeorlongertocomeback.“Ithoughtitmighttakeyears.Mysenseofreliefatthenotebooks’safereturnisprofoundandalmostimpossibletoadequatelyexpress.Iwasheartbrokentolearnoftheirlossandmyjoyattheirreturnisimmense.”“Therehavebeentears,”sheadded.“AndIthinktherestillwillbe,becausewearenotovertheemotionalrollercoaster.Itmeanssomuchtoustohavethesehome.”AccordingtoDrGardner,CambridgeUniversityLibrarieswillbepullingthenotebooksondisplaythissummer,aspartoftheupcomingexhibitionDarwinInConversation,whichopensoilJuly9.24.Who“stole”thenotebooks?A.Alibrarystaffmember. B.AscientistresearchingDarwin.C.DrJessicaGardner. D.Someonewedon’tknow.25.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.A.thepolicefoundthe“thief”fromthemessage B.thenotebooksweredamagedtosomedegreeC.thenotebooksareveryvaluabledocuments D.thenotebookswere“stolen”duringtheEaster26.WhatdoesDrGardnerthinkofthereturnofthenotebooks?A.It’sthrillingandrisky. B.It’shardbutworthwhile.C.It’sunexpectedwhilejoyful. D.It’sscepticalandunbelievable.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.NotebooksthatReflectsCharlesDarwin’sGeniusB.Darwin’sNotebooksFoundinCambridgeUniversityC.CharlesDarwin’NotebooksReturnedafter22YearsD.DarwinInConversation,anExhibitionYouCan’tMissCThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDay(室外運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))inelementaryschool.Smallformyage.andmoreofabookwormthanasportsenthusiast,Ihadsufferedthatspecialshameofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrow(女子棒球)event,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Iputitdowntomyfirstcoach,myfather.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Comefall,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottosixthgrade,theentirestudentswereassignedtoeithertheRedortheWhileteam.Throughouttheyear,wecompetedagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,increasingmycompetitivefever.However,ingirls’sportsgamesatmyschool.Iwasnostar.Duringtheweekendsathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,mycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingtheRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseeveryday,asweatybodybuildingpracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.So,thoughitshockedsomeofourfriends,theearlyfoundationevolvedinadulthoodintoasportsandfitnessfocus,whichwasconsideredessentialevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.AsfarasI’mconsidered,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.28.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“beingpickedlastforvariousgymteams”inparagraph2?A.Sheseemedtohavelittletalentingymgames. B.Shehadtointerestinsports.C.Shejoinedvariousgroups. D.Shewastiredofcompetition.29.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“putitdownto”inparagraph3?A.Oweitto. B.Passitonto. C.Handitoverto. D.Showitoffto.30.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4&5?A.Shedevelopedaninterestinreadingmagazine.B.Sportsgraduallybecamepartofherlife.C.Sportsgamehadinfluencedhermarriagealot.D.Shedidn'tlikecompetitivesports.31.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragree?A.ReadingcomessecondtoSports. B.Life’sfoundationallliesinsports.C.Girls’sportsarcnotcompetitive. D.Sportsenricheslifeaswellasbooks.DScientistshavediscoveredacommonhouseholditemistheperfecthostforbacteria:thekitchensponge(海綿塊).Accordingtothenewresearch,aspongeisabetterhabitatfordiversebacterialcommunitiesthanalaboratorypetridish.Somebacteriapreferlivingwithacollectionofmicrobialspecies,whileothersprefersolitude.“Bacteriaarejustlikepeoplelivingthroughthepandemic—somefinditdifficultbeingsetapartwhileothersthrive（繁育）,”saysstudycoauthorLingchongYou,aprofessorofbiomedicalengineeringatDuke,inastatement.Intheirstudy,researchersdistributeddifferentstrainsofE.coli(大腸桿菌菌株)ontoplateswithdifferentnumbersofwells,whichfunctionedasphysicalseparation.Thelargewellsallowedmicrobialspeciestomixfreely,whilethesmallwellsletspecieskeeptothemselves.After30hours,thelearnlookedatIbenumberandtypesofbacterialoneachplate,whichhadanywherefromsixto1,536wells.Thescientistsfoundthatamoderatelevelofphysicalseparation,similartothestructureofakitchensponge,allowedbothkindsofbacteria—thosethatliveingroupsandthosethatlivealone—tothrive.Aftertheresearchersrantheirinitialexperiments,theyrecreatedtheexperimentonasponge.Theyfoundthatthebacterialcommunitygrowingonakitchenspongewasmorediversethanthoseproducedinlaboratorypetridishes,whicharedesignedtohostbacteria.“Spongesarenotreallywell-suitedforkitchencleanness.”saysMarkusEgert,amicrobiologistatFurtwangenUniversity.“There’shardlyanysterilesurfaceathome,butthekitchenspongeisprobablythemostthicklypopulateditemathome.”Tokeepbacterialgrowthtoaminimum(最小量),Markusrecommendsmicrowavingyourkitchenspongeforonetotwominutes,keepingitawayfromrawmeat,andreplacingiteverycoupleofweeks.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solitude”inparagraph2mean?A.Beingalone. B.Growinginthesoil. C.Beinginair D.Livingingroups33.Whyisaspongeabetterhostforbacteriaaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Itmixesmicrobialspeciestoadifferentlevel.B.Itsmoderateholeystructuremaintainsbothkindsofbacteria.C.Itoffersahighlevelofnutrientstobacteria.D.Itallowsbacteriacommunitiestokeeptothemselves.34.WhatcanwelearnfromMarkusEgert’swords?A.Rawmeatisamajorsourceofbacteria.B.Thespongeisanecessityineverykitchen.C.Thespongeshouldberemovedfromthekitchen.D.Bacteriacangrowonalmosteveryitemathome.35.What’sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tourgentlycallforkitchencleanness.B.Ioexplainhowweeasilyfallvictimtobacteria.C.Tocallonpeopletoabandonkitchensponges.D.Toreportkitchenspongeisabetterhomeforbacteria.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Resiliencemeans“doingwellinthefaceofriskoradversity(逆境)”.Beingresilientisn’taboutavoidingmisfortune,butratherhowwerespondtoit.Evenifyouconsideryourselfresilient,youmayneedsomeguidanceinespeciallyhardtimes.36.Developrelationships.Connectingwithempathetic(用同理心的)andunderstandingpeoplecanremindyouthatyou’renotaloneinthemidstofdifficulties.37.Whenadversitystrikes,asupportivefriendwithgoodlisteningskillscanmakeabigdifference.Andifyouwantyourfriendsandfamilytosupportyourresilience,remembertosupporttheirstoo.38.It’shardtobepositivewhenlifeisn’tgoingyourway.Anoptimisticviewempowersyoutoexpectthatgoodthingswillhappentoyou.Tryimaginingwhatyouwant,ratherthanworryingaboutwhatyoufear.Alongtheway,noteanysubtlewaysinwhichyoustarttofeelbetterasyoudealwithdifficultsituations.Movetowardyourgoals.39.Evenifitseemslikeasmallaccomplishment,itenablesyoutomovetowardthethingsyouwanttoaccomplish.Insteadoffocusingontasksthatseemunachievable,askyourself,“What’sonethingIknowIcanaccomplishtodaythathelpsmemoveinthedirectionIwanttogo?”Don’ttrytobanmisfortunecompletely.40.Butourreactionstobigproblemsmaybeinformedpartlybythemanysmallersetbackswefaceindailylife.Everydaystressprobablyhelpsuslearnhowtohandlebiggerchallengesandgraduallyimproveouradaptivesystems.A.Findasenseofpurpose.B.Maintainahopefuloutlook.C.Developsomerealisticgoalsanddosomethingregularly.D.Howyouthinkcanplayasignificantpartinhowyoufeel.E.Tobuildresilience,theexpertssuggestthefollowing.F.Setupandmaintainasupportnetworkbeforeyouneedit.G.Resilienceusuallyreferstohowwehandleseriousadversity.第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihaveseentheextraordinaryimpactvolunteershaveonpatientcare.Theygoabouttheirworkquietly,butoftenwe41howimportanttheyare,forgettingthereisa42aspectjustasimportantasbiological’s.Irememberanelderlywomanwhobrokeherhip,43towalk.Yetwhat44hermostwasherdogathome,alone,withoutanyfood.Fromamedicalperspective,thiswasn’ta45.Yetforthe46,shewouldn’thavebeenableto47ongettingbetteruntilsheknewherdogwaslookedafter.Thenthevolunteer48inthesickroomandreassuredthathewould49everything.Hecheckedonthedog,fedhimand50tofindafosterhome(寄養(yǎng)家庭)forit.Itallowedthepatient51ofmindonphysicalrecovery.WhenIwas18andhadjuststarted52school,Itoovolunteered.IhadvolunteeredthinkingthatIwouldhelpothersbut53,ithelpedme.OnmyfirstdayImetanelderlywomanwhohadjustbeen54withterminalcancer.I’dnevermetanyonewhowasdyinganddidn’tknowwhattosayorhowto55.Butoverthe56ofmanyweeks,we57aclosefriendship.Inthelatersixmonths,shetaughtmemoreaboutlifeand58thansixyearsatmedicalschoolevercould.Atsuchayoungage,shehada59impactonme.Yes,itwassadwhenshedied.Butmorethananything,itwasaheartwarming,upliftingandfulfilling60.whichchangedmeforIhebetter.41.A.overlook B.suggest C.realize D.compare42.A.cultural B.physical C.social D.financial43.A.unsure B.unable C.unwilling D.unlikely44.A.touched B.impressed C.pleased D.depressed45.A.concern B.promise C.doubt D.risk46.A.patient B.nurse C.doctor D.assistant47.A.depend B.focus C.take D.hold48.A.relaxed B.waited C.stepped D.lived49.A.cover B.repair C.clean D.sold50.A.needed B.managed C.seemed D.hoped51.A.silence B.mess C.struggle D.peace52.A.public B.official C.medical D.special53.A.actually B.totally C.personally D.originally54.A.associated B.blamed C.replaced D.diagnosed55.A.avoid B.act C.follow D.contact56.A.study B.exercise C.course D.interview57.A.gaveup B.failedin C.knockedon D.struckup58.A.faith B.death C.regret D.devotion59.A.general B.serious C.profound D.temporary60.A.lesson B.effort C.trial D.experience第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Apartfromathletes,agrandsportseventishardtohold61(smooth)withoutvolunteers.Morethan19.000volunteersarconduty62(serve)theBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames,who63(honor)as“heroesbehindthescenes.”TheBeijingWinterOlympicsare64world’sfirstmulti-sporteventtobeheldasscheduledsincetheoutbreakofCOV1D-19,sotheorganizationandoperationoftheGamesrequiredhighly65(profession)“heroes”behindthescenes.Duringthethrillingevents,manywarmandfriendlyinteractionsbetweenvolunteersandathleteshavebeenshared66internationalsocialmediaplatforms.OneexampleisavideopostedbyUSathleteTessaMaud,inwhichshesaidshewasmovedto67(tear)byavolunteerwhogreetedherattheopeningceremonyoftheOlympics.Thevideohasbeenwidelyspreadingonlineand68(receive)over90,000viewsonSinaWeibo.SincetheopeningoftheBeijingOlympicWinterGames,manystorieslikethishavepassedonwarmth,friendshipandsolidarity.Manyoftheathletessaidthattheyreallyenjoyedandappreciated69theyhadexperiencedinChinaandthatthethingtheylovedmostwascountingthe70(smile)volunteerswhowavedatthem.Letusgivethesevolunteersathumbs-upandaroundofapplause.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（?），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均只限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Lastweekend,ourclasswenttoGuangmingNursingHomeanddosomevoluntarywork.Uponourarrive,wewerewarmlywelcomedbytheelderly