2022年江蘇天一中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

江蘇省天一中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二期中考試高二英語學(xué)科（時間：120分鐘滿分150分）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABestCompactSUVsfor2022Ifyouarelookingformoreinteriorandcargospacethansedansoffer,compactSUVscanbeagreatchoice.WehighlightthebestcompactSUVsbelowtohelpgetyoustarted.2022HyundaiTucson#1inCompactSUVsFeatures&SpecsSEATING:5DRIVETRAIN:FWD,AWDHORSEPOWER:187Theredesigned2022HyundaiTucsonranksatthetopofthecompactSUVclass,thanksinparttoitscomposedrideandhandling,spaciousandupscaleinterior,user—friendlyinfotainmentsystem,andlonglistofdriverassistancefeatures.TheredesignedTucsonimpresseswithitsspaciousfive-seatinteriorandlargecargoarea.Andit'spoweredbyazippyyeteconomicalfour-cylinderengine.It'salsobackedbya10-year/100,000-milepowertrainwarranty.2021MazdaCX—5#2inCompactSUVsFeatures&SpecsSEATING:5DRIVETRAIN:FWD,AWDHORSEPOWER:187—227The2021MazdaCX-5challengesforatopspotinthecompetitivecompactSU'Vclassthankstoitsengaginghandlingandrefinedinterior.TheCX-5doesn'thavethemostspaciouscargohold,hutitoffersasophisticatedandelegantinterior,comfortableseating,andarevampedinfotainmentsystem.TheCX-5'ssolidcombinationofqualityandvalueledustonameitasafinalistforour2021BestCompactSUVfortheMoneyaward.Itwasalsonamedafinalistforour2021BestCompactSUVforFamiliesaward.2022HondaCR—V#3inCompactSUVsFeatures&SpecsSEATING:5DRIVETRAIN:FWD.AWDHORSEPOWER:190The2022HondaCR—VfinishesnearthetopofourcompactSUVrankings.It'samongtheclassleadersinseveralareas,includingpassengerandcargospaceandfueleconomy.TheHondaCR—VisagoodSUV.Itdeliversenergeticaccelerationandacomfortableride,anditgetsgoodgasmileage.Becauseofitssolidcombinationofqualityandvalue,wenamedtheCR—Vafinalistforour2022BestCompactSUVfortheMoney.1.IfyoupaymuchattentiontoaSUV'spowertrainguarantee,isagoodchoice.A.2021HyundaiTucson B.2021MazdaCX—5C.2022HondaCR—V D.2022HyundaiTucson2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthethreeSUVsfromthepassage?A.ThethreeSUVssharethesameseatinganddrivetrain.B.The2021MazdaCX—5ispoweredbyazippyfour—cylinderengine.C.The2022HyundaiTucsondoesn'thavelargespaciouscargohold.D.TheCR—Vwasnamed2021BestCompactSUVforFamiliesaward.3.What'sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TodetailsomebestcompactSUVsfor2022.B.TopromotethebestcompactSUVsforreaders.C.Toadvertiseforsomecardesigningcompanies.D.ToguidereaderstochooseaSUVfromrankings.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2022年幾款最佳緊湊型SUV?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中對2022HyundaiTucson介紹的最后一句“Andit'spoweredbyazippyyeteconomicalfour-cylinderengine.It'salsobackedbya10-year/100,000-milepowertrainwarranty.（它由一個快速而經(jīng)濟(jì)的四缸發(fā)動機(jī)驅(qū)動。它還擁有10年/10萬英里的動力系統(tǒng)保修。）”可知，如果你比較關(guān)注車子的動力系統(tǒng)保障的話，那么2022HyundaiTucson肯定是一個好的選擇。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中三個車型介紹中的兩項SEATING:5（座位：5）和DRIVETRAIN:FWD,AWD（動力傳動系統(tǒng)：前輪驅(qū)動，AWD）可知，這三個車型擁有同樣的座位和動力傳動系統(tǒng)（ThethreeSUVssharethesameseatinganddrivetrain.）。故選A項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouarelookingformoreinteriorandcargospacethansedansoffer,compactSUVscanbeagreatchoice.WehighlightthebestcompactSUVsbelowtohelpgetyoustarted.（如果你正在尋找更多的內(nèi)部和貨物空間比轎車提供，緊湊型SUV可以是一個偉大的選擇。我們在下面列出了最好的緊湊型SUV，以幫助你入門。）”結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要是為了為讀者推薦最好的緊湊型SUV（TopromotethebestcompactSUVsforreaders.）。故選B項。BSarahParkhasknownabouttheeffectofmusiconthebrainsinceayoungage.The13-year-old,whohasbeenplayingviolinsinceshewas4,saysshenoticeditspositiveeffectonthosearoundher,especiallyhergrandmother,whosufferedfromamentalhealthillness.Now,SarahPark,themiddle-schoolerhopestousemusictherapy(療法)tohelpothersstrugglingwithmentalhealth.Herinvention,SparkCare+,earnedherthetitleofAmerica'sTopYoungScientistatthe3MYoungScientistChallengeonOctober19,2021.“Iwasprettyshockedwhentheyannouncedmynameasthegrandprizewinner,”Parksaid.“Iamexcitedandthrilledwithwhat'stocomenextwithSparkCare+.”SparkCare+requiresparticipantstorespondtoaseriesofquestionsbasedontheHamiltonAnxietyandDepressionScale,designedtoassesstheperson'smentalstate.Thedevice'sinbuiltsensorsrecordvitalmentalhealthindicators,suchasheartrateandbloodpressure.SparkCare+'sAI(ArtificialIntelligence)componentanalyzestheinformationandrecommendstheappropriatemusictohelplifttheparticipant'sspirits.Italsomonitorsitsimpactonthelistener.Inadditiontobeinganinventor,Parkisalsoamusicalprodigy(天才)whohaswonseveralviolincompetitions,includingtheFloridastatechampionship.Shealsoplaysthepianoandisamathchampion.Theteenaspirestobeaninnovatorandresearcherinthemedicalfieldusingtechnologyandrobotics.Heradvicetootheryoungscientists?“Dreambig,askquestions,andanythingispossible.”Nowinits14thyear,the3MYoungScientistChallengeisanannualnationalcompetitionthatinvitesstudentsingrades5-8tofindauniquesolutiontoaneverydayproblem.Inadditiontothewell-renownedtitleof“America'sTopYoungScientist”,thegrandprizewinnerreceivesaspecialguidanceofa3Mscientist,a$25,000cashprize,andaspecialdestinationtrip.Thesecondandthirdplacewinnerseachreceive$1,000inprizemoneyandaspecialdestinationtrip.4.WhatisthefunctionoftheAIcomponentinSparkCare+?A.Toanalyzeproblemsquicklyandaccurately.B.Tochoosetherightmusicfortheparticipants.C.Toencourageparticipantstointeractbetter.D.Tocureparticipantswithappropriatemusic.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aspires”inparagraph4mean?A.Argues. B.Bets.C.Desires. D.Tends.6.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Aninventorbecomesfamousforherinvention.B.Alittlegirlhasagiftformusicandmedicine.C.Ayoungscientiststandsoutinacompetition.D.Ateenager'smusictherapywonthegrandprize.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Asciencetextbook.C.Acompetitionguide. D.Apsychologymagazine.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了一位十三歲的美國學(xué)生，其音樂療法在每年一度的比賽中獲獎，有望以后用這種方法改善精神疾病者的健康?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“SparkCare＋’sAI(ArtificialIntelligence)componentanalyzestheinformationandrecommendstheappropriatemusictohelplifttheparticipant’sspirits.”（Sparkcare+AI(人工智能)組件分析信息并推薦合適的音樂來幫助參與者提升精神。）可知，SparkCare＋的AI（人工智能）組件分析信息并推薦適當(dāng)?shù)囊魳?，以幫助提升參與者的情緒。即其功能是為參與者選擇合適的音樂。故選B。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。第四段中的句子“Heradvicetootheryoungscientists“Dreambig,askquestions,andanythingispossible.”（她給其他年輕科學(xué)家的建議是“夢想遠(yuǎn)大，問問題，一切皆有可能”）說明她希望其他少年科學(xué)家有遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)。“Theteenaspirestobeaninnovatorandresearcherinthemedicalfieldusingtechnologyandrobotics.”（這位青少年aspire成為醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新者和研究者，利用科技和機(jī)器人技術(shù)。）由此可推知，畫線詞意思是“渴望”，與desire意思相同。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第一段提到了SarahPark這個人，第二段提到了其音樂療法以及其獲獎，之后文章就此展開。由此判斷，“一位青少年的音樂療法獲大獎”能夠概括本文中心。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合文章第二段的內(nèi)容，講述了一位美國十三歲的學(xué)生，其音樂療法在每年一度的3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽中獲得大獎，在接下來的段落中講述到這位少年希望以后用這種方法改善精神疾病者的健康，結(jié)合選項，可推斷本文出自新聞報道。故選A。CAnewstudyfocusesonK2-18banexoplanet(系外行星)discoveredin2018,whichorbitsareddwarfstarcloseenoughtoreceiveaboutthesameamountofradiationfromitsstarasEarthdoesfromoursun.Recently,scientistshavediscoveredgasgiantsthathavewaterintheiratmospheres,butthisistheleastgiantplanetevertohavewaterdetectedinitsatmosphere.“Thewaterdetectionwasquitecleartousrelativelyearlyon,”leadauthorBjornBenneke,aprofessorattheInstituteforResearchonExoplanetsattheUniversitedeMontreal,toldSinaninterview.“Studieshavesuggestedthatplanetswithhydrogen-richatmospherescouldhostcertainformsoflife.”Bennekesaid.However,“K2-18b’slargeatmosphereisextremelythickandcreateshigh-pressureconditions,whichlikelypreventslifeasweknowitfromexistingontheplanet’ssurface.”anewsreleasereads.WhiletheseresearchersfoundevidenceforliquidwatercloudsonK2-18b,becauseofitslackofsurface,rainwouldn’tpoolontheplanet.Withoutarealsurface,sotospeak,landingontheplanetwouldalsobenearlyimpossibletolandon,especiallybecausethegasissothickandhassuchanincrediblyhighpressurethatanyEarth-createdspacecraftsenttherewouldbedestroyed.Bennekesuggeststhat,possibly,thisplanetformedbyrockabsorbinglargeamountsofgas,“l(fā)ikeavacuumcleaner,”hesaid.ThegasabsorbedwouldhavemorethandoubledtheplanetandincreaseditsvolumeWarreneightfood.Tocometotheseconclusions,theresearchteamanalyzeddatafromHubbleSpaceTelescopeobservationsthattheymadebetween2019and2020oftheK2-18bplanetpassinginfrontofitsstareighttimes.Thistypeofresearch,Bennekesaid,isleadingtowardafinalgoalof“beingabletostudyreal,trueearth-likeplanets.”Wearenotquitethereyet,hesaid,butthisisreallyexciting.”8.WhyisitimpossibletolandontheK2-18b?A.Ithasthingas. B.Itdoesn’thavearealsurface.C.Ithastoomuchwater. D.Itistoofarfromtheearth.9.HowdoesK2-18bexpandaccordingtoBenneke?A.Byreleasinggasitself. B.Byreceivingradiationfromthesun.C.Bytakinginmuchgasbyrocks. D.Bygettingawayfromthereddwarfstar.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsaremakingprogressinstudyingrealearth-likeplanets.B.Itisimpossibleforhumanstolandonotherearth-likeplanets.C.ScientistshavesucceededinexploringK2-18bcompletely.D.TheK2-18bplanethaspassedbeforeitsstareighttimesbetween2019and2020.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theexplorationoftheouterspace.B.Thestudyofsolarsystems’environment.C.ThediscoveryoftheK2-18bplanet.D.TheresearchontheK2-18bplanet.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了K2-18b行星的新發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Withoutarealsurface,sotospeak,landingontheplanetwouldalsobenearlyimpossibletolandon,(可以說，沒有一個真正的表面，在行星上著陸幾乎是不可能的)”可知，在K2-18b行星上著陸是不可能的，因為它沒有真正的表面。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThegasabsorbedwouldhavemorethandoubledtheplanetandincreaseditsvolumeWarreneightfood.(吸收的這種氣體將使地球增加一倍以上，使其體積增加8倍）”可知，K2-18b是通過巖石吸入大量氣體擴(kuò)張的。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thistypeofresearch,Bennekesaid,isleadingtowardafinalgoalof“beingabletostudyreal,trueearth-likeplanets.”Wearenotquitethereyet,hesaid,butthisisreallyexciting.(這種類型的研究正朝著“能夠研究真正的類地球行星”的最終目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。我們還沒有到達(dá)那里，但這真的很令人興奮)”可知，科學(xué)家在研究類地球行星方面取得了進(jìn)展。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“AnewstudyfocusesonK2-18b,anexoplanet(系外行星)discoveredin2018,(一項新的研究將注意力集中在2018年發(fā)現(xiàn)的系外行星，K2-18b上)”可知本文主要介紹對K2-18b行星的研究。故選D。DChinesetelevisionmakerSkyworthGroupisstrengtheningeffortstoventureintothe5G-powered8Kultra-highdefinitionTVsection,especiallythewholeindustrialchainrelatedtothetop-notch8Ktechnology,asitaimstogrababiggersliceofthecountry’shigh-endTVmarket.WangZhiguo,chairmanandpresidentofShenzhenSkyworth-RGBElectronic,saidthecompanyiscommittedtoprovidingacomplete8Ksolutionthatcovers8Kvideocameras,monitors,contentcreationandcloudoperatingsystems,andexpandsapplicationinawiderangeoffieldssuchasaerialphotography,education,healthcareandadvertising.Thecompanyuncovereditsnew8KTVproductQ71,whichsupports8Ksignalreception,decoding,imagesignalprocessingandscreendisplay.The8KTVshaveascreenresolutionratiothatis4.3timesclearerthanhumaneyesightandfourtimeshigherthanthe4Kones.8KUHDlivestreamingandcloud-basedbroadcastingwillgiveviewersamoreimmersiveexperience.“5Gofferstechnologicalsupportfortheadoptionof8K,while8Kisoneofthebestapplicationscenariosofthesuperfastwirelesstechnology,”saidWuWei,chiefengineerofSkyworth,adding5Ghastheadvantagesofhighspeed,largecapacityandlowlatency,whichbringsaboutagoodopportunityforthepopularizationof8Kultra-highdefinitionTV.Andthecountry’s8KvideoindustrywillseerobustgrowthwiththeBeijing2022WinterOlympics,whichwilluse8KUHDlivestreamingandtransmission.Thedomestic8KTVindustryisnowinanascentstage,Wusaid,addingthatSkyworthwillintensifyresearchanddevelopmenteffortsin8Kchipstoimprovetheclarity,contrastandbrightnessofimages.“Whilethereisashortageof8Kvideocontent,whichrequiresadvanced,professionalequipmentsuchasspecialcamerasandmonitors,increasingthecostofproducingcontent,withtheadventofsuperfast5GtechnologyandthepopularizationofbigTVs,8Khascreatedmanyopportunities.Thebroadcastingofsportingeventsvia8Kequipmenthasalsomotivatedpeopletodemandhigh-definitionimagequality,”saidLiuFei,researchdirectoroftheconsumerelectronicsdepartmentofSkyworth.12.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.SkyworthGroupisacceleratingeffortstotapinto8Ktechnology.B.5Gtechnologyand8Karedevelopinghandinhand.C.5G-powered8Kultra-highdefinitionTVhasapromisingfuture.D.Skyworthwillprovideviewersamoreimmersiveexperience.13.Theunderlinedword“nascent”inthefifthparagraphprobablymeans“”.A.bottlenecked B.vialC.immature D.developed14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Q71isSkyworth’s5G-powered8Kultra-highdefinitionTVproduct.B.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswillhelpthegrowthof8Kvideoindustry.C.8Kproductsneedmuchimprovementinsomeaspects.D.Thepopularizationof5Gdrawsontheadvantagesof8KTV.15.WhatisLiuFei’sattitudeto8K?A.Doubtful. B.Confused.C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了中國電視制造商創(chuàng)維集團(tuán)正加大力度開發(fā)8K技術(shù)?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ChinesetelevisionmakerSkyworthGroupisstrengtheningeffortstoventureintothe5G-powered8Kultra-highdefinitionTVsection,especiallythewholeindustrialchainrelatedtothetop—notch8Ktechnology,asitaimstogrababiggersliceofthecountry’shigh—endTVmarket.”（中國電視制造商創(chuàng)維集團(tuán)正加大力度，進(jìn)軍5G驅(qū)動的8K超高清電視領(lǐng)域，特別是與頂級8K技術(shù)相關(guān)的整個產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，旨在在中國高端電視市場中占據(jù)更大份額）可知，本文主要介紹的是創(chuàng)維集團(tuán)正在加速開發(fā)8K技術(shù)，故選A。【13題詳解】根據(jù)劃線詞后的“Skyworthwillintensifyresearchanddevelopmenteffortsin8Kchipstoimprovetheclarity,contrastandbrightnessofimages.”可知，創(chuàng)維將加大8K芯片的研發(fā)力度，以提高圖像的清晰度、對比度和亮度，這說明國內(nèi)8K電視產(chǎn)業(yè)目前還處于起步階段，也就是8K技術(shù)還不成熟，由此可知劃線詞詞義為“不成熟的”，故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“5Ghastheadvantagesofhighspeed,largecapacityandlowlatency,whichbringsaboutagoodopportunityforthepopularizationof8Kultra-highdefinitionTV.”（5G具有高速、大容量、低延遲的優(yōu)勢，這為8K超高清電視的普及帶來了良好的機(jī)遇）可知，是5G為8K超高清電視的普及帶來了良好的機(jī)遇而不是5G的普及利用了8K電視的優(yōu)勢，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“withtheadventofsuperfast5GtechnologyandthepopularizationofbigTVs,8Khascreatedmanyopportunities.Thebroadcastingofsportingeventsvia8Kequipmenthasalsomotivatedpeopletodemandhigh-definitionimagequality,”（隨著超高速5G技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)和大尺寸電視的普及，8K創(chuàng)造了許多機(jī)會。通過8K設(shè)備轉(zhuǎn)播體育賽事也激發(fā)了人們對高清畫質(zhì)的需求）可知，劉飛認(rèn)為8K創(chuàng)造了許多機(jī)會，特別是激發(fā)了體育迷們對高清畫質(zhì)的需求，由此可知，他對8K技術(shù)持支持態(tài)度，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Dieclicksabuttonandwatchesasherneighborhoodisflooded.Theshorelinesarefirsttogo.___16___.Bythetimeseawaterreachestheseniorcenter,ithasfloodedstreetsandoveradozenbrickhomes.Diemovesherheadupanddown,sidetoside,takinginthesimulated（仿真的）view.ThisiswhatcouldhappentoTurnerStation,ahistoricAfricanAmericancommunitysoutheastofBaltimore,assealevelsrise.Climatechangepresentsmanychallengestocoastalcommunitiesandtothosetryingtoprepareforitsimpactsbutoneofthemostbasicisalsooneofthemostbothersome:___17___Communicatingtherealnessandimmediacy（緊迫）oftheclimatethreatishugelyimportanttoclimateresearchersandthoseaimingtocutdownwhatitcauses.Butit'salsothemostimportanttocommunitiesfacedwithcomingchangesthatarealreadyunavoidable.___18___That'swhyDieandotherresidentsarebeingdirectedtositinmetalchairs,putonvirtual（模擬）realityheadsetsandwatchtheirhomesbeflooded.___19___.Ithaspartnered（合作）withthePortofBaltimore,afewnonprofitsandalocallandscapearchitecturefirmtoadopt（采用）arangeoftoolsandwaystocommunicateclimatechangetothepublic,becauseeverypersonisdifferentandeveryplaceisdifferent.Thevirtualrealityprogramisonlythemostrecent,andperhapsthemosteffectivestep.___20___.Buttrickingpeopleisnotthegoalofthesealevelrisesimulation（模擬）beingusedatTurnerStation,saysJames,oneoftheprogram'sdevelopers."Thegoal,"hesays,"istostartaconversationandhelpfolksvisualize（想象）theimpactsofclimatechangeandthesolutions,andalsodiscussthetrade-offsbetweenthem."A.Then,thebaseballfieldsatFlemingPark.B.Virtualrealityistheproductoftherapiddevelopmentofit.C.TheseprojectsneedpublicsupportandinputD.Doesthecommunitydependontheshippingindustryforitssurvival?E.Howdoyoushowpeopleandconvincethemofapossiblefuture?F.Virtualrealityisanimmersiveexperience（身臨其境的體驗）thatcantrickthehumanbrainintothinkingit'sreal.G.TurnerStation,acommunitywhichgetsfloodedeasily,istryingtoprepare.【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.F【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要講述了為了提高居民對氣候變化的真實性和即時性的認(rèn)識，巴爾的摩東南部的一個歷史悠久的非洲裔美國人社區(qū)運用了虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)，幫助人們想象氣候變化的影響和解決方案?！?6題詳解】上文“Dieclicksabuttonandwatchesasherneighborhoodisflooded.Theshorelinesarefirsttogo.(Die單擊按鈕，看著她的社區(qū)被洪水淹沒。海岸線是第一個被摧毀的)”；A項“Then,thebaseballfieldsatFlemingPark.(然后是弗萊明公園的棒球場)”，可知，洪水在摧毀海岸線之后，又毀了棒球場。上文有“first”，A項有“then”，語意連貫，為先后順序。故選A項?！?7題詳解】前半句“Climatechangepresentsmanychallengestocoastalcommunitiesandtothosetryingtoprepareforitsimpacts,butoneofthemostbasicisalsooneofthemostbothersome:(氣候變化給沿海社區(qū)和那些設(shè)法為其影響而做著準(zhǔn)備的人帶來了許多挑戰(zhàn)，但其中最基本也是最麻煩的之一：)”可知，關(guān)鍵詞為“manychallenges”，E項“Howdoyoushowpeopleandconvincethemofapossiblefuture?(你如何向人們展示并說服他們相信一個可能的未來？)”，解釋了上文中提及的這些挑戰(zhàn)中“最基本也是最麻煩的那個”。下文“Communicatingtherealnessandimmediacy(緊迫)oftheclimatethreatishugelyimportanttoclimateresearchersandthoseaimingtocutdownwhatitcauses.(傳遞氣候威脅的真實性和即時性是對于氣候研究人員和那些旨在減少其結(jié)果的人來說，非常重要)”可知，E項的“apossiblefuture”即指下文的“therealnessandimmediacyoftheclimatethreat”，上下文語意連貫，故選E項?！?8題詳解】上文“Butit'salsothemostimportanttocommunitiesfacedwithcomingchangesthatarealreadyunavoidable.(但對于面臨即將到來的已經(jīng)不可避免的變化的社區(qū)來說，這也是最重要的)”，下文“That'swhyDieandotherresidentsarebeingdirectedtositinmetalchairs,putonvirtual(模擬）realityheadsetsandwatchtheirhomesbeflooded(這就是為什么Die和其他居民被要求坐在金屬椅子，戴上模擬現(xiàn)實耳機(jī)，觀看著家園被洪水淹沒)”可知，居民們看洪水淹沒社區(qū)的虛擬場景以了解氣候威脅的嚴(yán)重性。C項“Theseprojectsneedpublicsupportandinput(這些項目需要公眾的支持和投入)”可知，上文為“因”，C項為“果”；C項為“因”，下文為“果”。故選C項。19題詳解】下文“Ithaspartnered(合作)withthePortofBaltimore,afewnonprofitsandalocallandscapearchitecturefirmtoadopt(采用)arangeoftoolsandwaystocommunicateclimatechangetothepublic,becauseeverypersonisdifferentandeveryplaceisdifferent.(它和巴爾的摩港（Baltimore），一些非營利組織和當(dāng)?shù)氐木坝^建筑公司合作，采用一系列通信工具和通信方式向公眾傳遞氣候變化，因為每個人都是不同的，每個地方都是不同的)”；G項“TurnerStation,acommunitywhichgetsfloodedeasily,istryingtoprepare.(特納車站（TurnerStation），一個容易被洪水淹沒的社區(qū)，正努力做好準(zhǔn)備)”可知，下文的主語“It”指代G項的“TurnerStation”，語意順暢，故選G項。【20題詳解】下文“Buttrickingpeopleisnotthegoalofthesealevelrisesimulation(模擬)beingusedatTurnerStation,saysJames,oneoftheprogram'sdevelopers.(但是欺騙人不是使用在特納站海平面上升模擬場景的目的，一個程序的開發(fā)人員詹姆斯說)”；F項“Virtualrealityisanimmersiveexperience(身臨其境的體驗)thatcantrickthehumanbrainintothinkingit'sreal(虛擬現(xiàn)實是一個身臨其境的體驗，可以欺騙人類大腦思考這是真實的)”可知，兩句中都有“trick”，虛擬現(xiàn)實，會騙人，但運用虛擬現(xiàn)實展示氣候變化帶來的洪水泛濫場景，不是用來騙人的，而是為了提高居民對氣候變化的真實性和即時性的認(rèn)識。故選F項。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Anoff-dutypilotwascalleda“l(fā)egend”aftersteppingintoflyaplanehimselftostoptheflightbeingcancelled.MichaelBradley,a(n)____21____easyJetpilot,hadaholidaywhenhe____22____flyingaplanethatwasdelayedbytwohours.HetoldpassengersonboardtheManchesterAirportflighttoAlicantethathewas____23____hisservicesastherewasnopilotavailable.Mr.Bradleysaid,“Mywifewasthenwithmylittleboy.She____24____andcomplained,‘Ourflight’sdelayedbytwohoursbecausethere’sno____25____fortheflight.’SojustbeforewewentthroughsecurityIwonderifthisisworthaphonecall.IthinkitisbecauseI’dliketogoonholiday.”Mr.BradleyphonedupeasyJetandsaid,“I’mstandinginthe____26____doingnothing.Ihavegotmy____27____withmeandI’dverymuchliketogoonholidayandifyouneeda(n)____28____,I’mstandingherereadytogo.”Andhisbossescalledhimbackinlessthanaminutetogivehimthego-ahead,saying,“Please,please,canyouflytheairplanetoAlicante?”Thenhetoldthistothepassengers.Thiswas____29____withcheersfromthepassengers.AneasyJetspokesmansaid,“Weare____30____tooneofourpilotswhowastravellingonholidayfromManchestertoAlicanteon2nd,Septemberwithhisfamilyand____31____tooperatetheflight.This____32____customerscouldgettotheirdestinationandshowsthe____33____ofourcrew.Thisis____34____inlinewithregulationsashehadhislicenseandIDwithhim.Safetyisalwaysour____35____priority.”21.A.retired B.qualified C.clumsy D.former22.A.madeup B.heldup C.endedup D.turnedup23.A.offering B.obtaining C.changing D.showing24.A.camethrough B.cameto C.cameup D.camearound25.A.passenger B.manager C.officer D.captain26.A.station B.platform C.terminal D.square27.A.license B.passport C.visa D.ticket28.A.adventure B.favor C.moment D.reason29.A.met B.argued C.objected D.observed30.A.suitable B.convenient C.practical D.grateful31.A.volunteered B.continued C.attempted D.struggle32.A.proved B.meant C.supported D.revealed33.A.existence B.popularity C.intention D.commitment34.A.fully B.strangely C.nearly D.immediately35.A.largest B.strongest C.longest D.highest【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。一位休假的飛行員MichaelBradley自愿駕駛公司的飛機(jī)，使航班免遭取消，這體現(xiàn)了公司員工的奉獻(xiàn)精神?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：邁克爾.布拉德利是一名有資質(zhì)的易捷航空飛行員，他在度假時駕駛了一架延誤了兩個小時的飛機(jī)。A.retired退休的；B.qualified合格的，有資質(zhì)的；C.clumsy笨拙的；D.former前者的。根據(jù)最后的句子“hehadhislicenseandIDwithhim（他帶著他的駕照和身份證）”可知，Mr.Bradley是一位有資質(zhì)的飛行員。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：邁克爾.布拉德利是一名有資質(zhì)的易捷航空飛行員，他在度假時駕駛了一架延誤了兩個小時的飛機(jī)。A.madeup彌補(bǔ)；B.heldup擱置；C.endedup結(jié)束；D.turnedup出現(xiàn)。由前面的“hadaholiday(度假)”可知，MichaelBradley本來是要去度假的，結(jié)果卻成了這趟航班的飛行員。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴曼徹斯特機(jī)場飛往阿利坎特的航班上的乘客，由于沒有飛行員，他愿意提供服務(wù)。A.offering提供；B.obtaining獲??；C.changing更改；D.showing顯示。由下面的句子“therewasnopilotavailable.（沒有飛行員）”可知，該航班延誤的原因是沒有飛行員，沒人開飛機(jī)，而根據(jù)第一段的“Anoff-dutypilot（不值班的飛行員）”和第二段的“aqualifiedeasyJetpilotBradley（一個合格的易捷航空飛行員）”可知，MichaelBradley是可以開飛機(jī)的，所以他告訴乘客他可以提供服務(wù)。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她走過來抱怨說，“我們的航班延誤了兩個小時，因為沒有機(jī)長”。A.camethrough度過；B.cameto共計；C.cameup走過來；D.camearound蘇醒。由上文的句子“Mywifewasthenwithmylittleboy.（當(dāng)時我妻子和我的小兒子在一起。）”可知，他的妻子當(dāng)時和他的兒子在一起，當(dāng)航班被延誤后，妻子走過來向他抱怨。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因為沒有機(jī)長，我們的航班延誤了兩個小時。A.passenger乘客；B.manager經(jīng)理；C.officer官員；D.captain機(jī)長，隊長。有第一段的句子“therewasnopilotavailable.”可知，該航班延誤的原因是沒有機(jī)長，沒人開飛機(jī)。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我站在候機(jī)樓里什么也沒干。A.station站；B.platform站臺；C.terminal候機(jī)樓，航站樓；D.square廣場。由第三段的句子“Mywifewasthenwithmylittleboy.Shecameupandcomplained，‘Ourflight’sdelayedbytwohoursbecausethere’snocaptainfortheflight.’”（當(dāng)時我妻子和我的小兒子在一起。她走過來抱怨說，‘我們的航班延誤了兩個小時，因為沒有機(jī)長’）”可知，MichaelBradley和妻子一起在候機(jī)樓里等飛機(jī)。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)е鴪?zhí)照，非常想去度假，如果你需要幫忙，我隨時可以上崗。A.license執(zhí)照；B.passport護(hù)照；C.visa簽證；D.ticket機(jī)票。由最后一段的句子“hehadhislicenseandIDwithhim（他帶著他的執(zhí)照和身份證）”可知，MichaelBradley當(dāng)時身上帶著他的飛行執(zhí)照。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)еw行駕照，我很想去度假，如果需要幫忙，我隨時可以上崗。A.adventure冒險；B.favor支持；C.moment時刻；D.reason原因。由第三段的句子“Ourflight’sdelayedbytwohoursbecausethere’snocaptainfortheflight.（我們的航班延誤了兩個小時，因為沒有機(jī)長）”可知，航班延誤是因為沒有飛行員，航空公司一定需要飛行員，需要幫助。所以MichaelBradley作為公司的飛行員給公司打電話（phonedupeasyJet）說，如果需要幫助，“我”隨時上崗。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：乘客中爆發(fā)出了一陣歡呼。A.met迎接，會見；B.argued爭辯；C.objected反對；D.observed觀察。由該段的句子“Please,please,canyouflytheairplanetoAlicante?”Thenhetoldthistothepassengers.（拜托，拜托，你能駕飛機(jī)去阿利坎特嗎？”然后他把這件事告訴了乘客）”可知，航空公司的老板先請求Mr.Bradley駕飛機(jī)去阿利坎特，然后又把這個消息告訴給乘客，迎接這個消息的當(dāng)然是乘客的歡呼。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：非常感謝我們的一名飛行員，他于9月2日與家人從曼徹斯特前往阿利坎特度假，并自愿駕駛這架飛機(jī)。A.suitable合適的；B.convenient方便的；C.practical實用的；D.grateful感激的。由下面的句子“volunteeredtooperatetheflight（自愿駕駛飛機(jī)）”和“Thismeantcustomerscouldgettotheirdestination.（這意味著客戶可以到達(dá)目的地）”可知，因為MichaelBradley自愿駕駛飛機(jī)，乘客們才可以到達(dá)目的地，航空公司的發(fā)言人當(dāng)然應(yīng)該對MichaelBradley表示感謝。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：非常感謝我們的一名飛行員，他于9月2日與家人從曼徹斯特前往阿利坎特度假，并自愿駕駛這架飛機(jī)。A.volunteered自愿；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.attempted嘗試；D.struggle斗爭。由第四段的句子“ifyouneeda(n)favor,I’mstandingherereadytogo.（如果你需要幫忙，我在這里隨時準(zhǔn)備上崗）”可知，Mr.Bradley是自愿駕駛這架飛機(jī)的。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著乘客可以到達(dá)目的地，也顯示出我們機(jī)組人員的敬業(yè)和奉獻(xiàn)精神。A.proved證明；B.meant意味著；C.supported支持；D.revealed揭示。本來這架飛機(jī)是沒有駕駛員的，但因為Mr.Bradley“volunteeredtooperatetheflight（自愿駕駛這架飛機(jī)）”，這就意味著乘客們就能到達(dá)他們的目的地。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著乘客可以到達(dá)目的地，也顯示出我們機(jī)組人員的敬業(yè)和奉獻(xiàn)精神。A.existence存在；B.popularity受歡迎；C.intention意圖；D.commitment奉獻(xiàn)，承諾。本來Mr.Bradley是一個沒上班的飛行員“anoff-dutypilot”，但是當(dāng)他知道該航班沒有飛行員時，他自愿擔(dān)任該航班的飛行員，這體現(xiàn)了航空公司員工的奉獻(xiàn)精神。故選D項。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這完全符合規(guī)定，因為他攜帶有飛行執(zhí)照和身份證明。A.fully完全地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.nearly幾乎；D.immediately立即。由下一句“hehadhislicenseandIDwithhim（他帶著他的駕照和身份證）”可知，Mr.Bradley帶著必備的證件且他是航空公司的員工，所以這完全符合規(guī)定。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：安全永遠(yuǎn)是我們的第一宗旨。A.largest最大的；B.strongest最強(qiáng)的；C.longest最長的；D.highest最高的。由本句的單詞“safety(安全)”和“priority（優(yōu)先事項）”可知，對于航空公司來說，乘客的安全高于一切。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IttooktwoyearstocompletethedesignworkfortheChineseOlympicdelegation’sentryuniform.Afterseveralroundsofselectionsandevaluations,finaluniformdesignswiththethemeof“makingagoodstart”were____36____(official)confirmedlastMarchfortheChineseOlympicdelegation____37____(participate)intheTokyoOlympics.Afterdesigninguniformsforthe2008BeijingOlympicsandParalympics,theBeijingInstituteofFashionTechnology____38____(take)onthetaskofcostumedesignforanumberofmajorinternationalsportingeventssincethen,creatinguniformsforathletesthatconfidentlyexpressthenationalidentityandimageofChina.Since____39____(they)appearanceisafocusoftheopeningceremony,____40____eye-catchingco