山東高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型技法指導(dǎo)專題二完形填空

題型技法指導(dǎo)專題二完形填空真題試做(2012山東高考)Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless，”mostofusthinkoftheDevelopingWorld.Butthe__36__isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample，howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa__37__countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking__38__forthehomelessofBerlin，Germany'scapital.Theyfirst__39__onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere__40__onholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches，__41__atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealisedthatfoodandclothingweren't__42__.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand__43__，”saysRita.TheMullersdidn't__44__togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita__45__therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways__46__toanyonewhocouldn'tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon__47__alltheirtimeandmoney，soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto__48__donations.Today，overthirtycompanies__49__donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto__50__themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer__51__newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno__52__fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents，”saysRita，“andparentsshouldn't__53__moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.”ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets__54__，shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea__55__intheworld.36．A.resultB．truthC．reason D．idea37．A.traditional B．developingC．typical D．wealthy38．A.preparations B．housesC．meals D．suggestions39．A.began B．metC．called D．left40．A.asleep B．a(chǎn)loneC．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)way41．A.broughtup B．setupC．putaside D．gaveaway42．A.enough B．necessaryC．helpful D．expensive43．A.fame B．freedomC．courage D．caring44．A.hesitate B．a(chǎn)greeC．pretend D．intend45．A.madesense B．foundoutC．madesure D．workedout46．A.open B．crowdedC．noisy D．near47．A.costing B．wastingC．taking D．spending48．A.payfor B．a(chǎn)skforC．lookinto D．carryout49．A.completely B．calmlyC．regularly D．roughly50．A.advertise B．sellC．deliver D．lend51．A.donates B．producesC．designs D．collects52．A.permission B．paymentC．direction D．support53．A.borrow B．raiseC．save D．expect54．A.surprised B．excitedC．tired D．a(chǎn)mused55．A.profit B．differenceC．decision D．rule專題二完形填空第二部分題型技法指導(dǎo)考向分析山東近5年高考完形填空統(tǒng)計(jì)：年份20082009201020112012體裁夾敘夾議文記敘文記敘文夾敘夾議文記敘文題材講述了作者遭遇暴風(fēng)雨而歷經(jīng)艱辛堅(jiān)持去上班，然后收到了經(jīng)理的一封表示感激的電子信件，使作者感悟到幾句簡短的話語可以使人精神煥發(fā)。講述了發(fā)生在一位學(xué)生和老師之間的愛心故事。通過老師對(duì)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)變、學(xué)生送給老師一個(gè)裝滿愛的盒子，體現(xiàn)了濃濃的愛意和師生情意。講述了作者小時(shí)候參加舞蹈演出的一次難忘經(jīng)歷。表演之前作者充滿信心，但在表演過程中出現(xiàn)了失誤，是老師的教誨使她努力面帶笑容順利完成了剩余的動(dòng)作。講述了作者八歲時(shí)第一次聽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)搖滾音樂會(huì)的經(jīng)歷和感受。從此他成為了那個(gè)樂隊(duì)粉絲，并走進(jìn)了其他音樂，但是再聽這個(gè)樂隊(duì)的樂曲時(shí)又會(huì)回憶起那場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)的情境。講述了一對(duì)德國夫婦為了幫助無家可歸的人所付出的努力，并借主人公之口表達(dá)了作者的感受：給予愛，也收獲愛，這非常有意義。段數(shù)66445詞數(shù)334309323306285考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞889118名詞65665形容詞33325副詞12112連詞111介詞111．選材以記敘文為主，內(nèi)容兼有教育性和啟迪性。從體裁上看，完形填空題以記敘為主，議論為輔，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用詞準(zhǔn)確，篇章條理清晰，敘事通暢明了。從題材上看，完形填空力圖選取一篇有教育意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的文章，主題明確，邏輯性強(qiáng)，語言地道生動(dòng)，內(nèi)容新穎、時(shí)尚，內(nèi)容通常涉及日常生活、文史知識(shí)、科技小品、社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人物傳記等。2．首句一般不設(shè)空，全文保持一定的挖空密度。完形填空的第一句一般都是完整的句子，記敘文的第一句通常把短文中故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等交代清楚，作為考生在解題時(shí)理解并掌握全文大意的基礎(chǔ)。很多時(shí)候議論文和說明文的第一句是文章的主題句，抓住主題句便抓住了文章的主旨?？崭裨诙涛闹芯夥植?。相鄰空格之間間隔適當(dāng)，避免了提示信息過多或過少的情況。3．以語篇考查為主，單純語法考查很少。完形填空題以語篇為載體，立足于考生對(duì)全文的理解。試題注重考查考生結(jié)合詞匯、語法、語篇知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、文化背景知識(shí)等進(jìn)行邏輯推理和綜合判斷的能力，而非簡單考查其詞匯使用和單句語法及意義方面的知識(shí)。在干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)計(jì)上，充分考慮了測(cè)試的信度與效度，避免了干擾項(xiàng)與正確項(xiàng)相似度過低或過高而引起的干擾性過弱或過強(qiáng)的情況。單純考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)的題目數(shù)量很少，重在文意干擾，每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多屬同一語法范疇。如果是動(dòng)詞，則都是動(dòng)詞，且都用同樣的時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)；如果是名詞，則都是名詞，且都用同樣的單復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果是副詞，則都是副詞；如果是短語，則都是同類的短語。如果孤立地看挖空的句子，可能每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能滿足句子的需要，無論將哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)填進(jìn)去，從語法上講都是正確的，但是要確定正確答案，只能根據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容和情節(jié)發(fā)展作出判斷。如(2012山東高考)37．A.traditional B．developingC．typical D．wealthy38．A.preparations B．housesC．meals D．suggestions39．A.began B．metC．called D．left41．A.broughtup B．setupC．putaside D．gaveaway49．A.completely B．calmlyC．regularly D．roughly4．考點(diǎn)分布合理。以考查單詞為主，短語或詞組為輔；以考查實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔。完形填空備選項(xiàng)的構(gòu)成以單個(gè)詞為主，短語或詞組較少出現(xiàn)。近5年山東卷考查短語的題目：20XX年沒有；20XX年1個(gè)；20XX年2個(gè)；20XX年1個(gè)；20XX年3個(gè)。選項(xiàng)詞匯主要是實(shí)詞，虛詞較少出現(xiàn)。近5年山東卷考查的詞匯主要是動(dòng)詞和名詞，其次是形容詞和副詞；對(duì)連詞、介詞等虛詞的考查知識(shí)偶爾出現(xiàn)。這樣的設(shè)置既要求考生具有很好的詞感，能熟練運(yùn)用所學(xué)過的常見詞匯，還要求他們具有較強(qiáng)的語感，具有對(duì)語篇進(jìn)行整體處理的能力。做到“上下求索尋信息，左顧右盼找答案，瞻前顧后想全文”，同時(shí)結(jié)合考生個(gè)人積累的各方面的知識(shí)正確解讀全文。答題步驟做完形填空試題，切忌邊看短文，邊選答案，因?yàn)檫@樣解題易脫離上下文孤立地看句子，從而產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤。一般來說，解答完形填空題應(yīng)遵循以下三個(gè)步驟。1．略讀全文，把握大意。文章都有中心議題和中心內(nèi)容。通讀全文，才能全局在胸、弄清文脈、理清思路，才能抓住文章主旨，獲得整體印象，把握短文大意，使思維朝著正確的方向發(fā)展。在閱讀中要特別注意提示句，并盡量記憶關(guān)鍵詞、句，力求把文章內(nèi)容串連起來。2．細(xì)讀全文，初選試填。在理解全文大意的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合所給備選項(xiàng)細(xì)讀全文，遵循詞不離句、句不離文的原則，聯(lián)系上下文內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用平時(shí)積累的英語語法和語言知識(shí)及根據(jù)文中語義、邏輯和搭配的需要進(jìn)行綜合考慮，通過分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項(xiàng)，初步選定答案。在作出選擇的過程中，要瞻前顧后，通篇考慮，先易后難。對(duì)比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先進(jìn)行確定。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，可暫定答案，在復(fù)讀全文后分析推敲。3．復(fù)讀全文，校核答案。完成選擇后，要把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認(rèn)真復(fù)查。完成后的文章應(yīng)該文意完整、語法正確、語言通順、用詞恰當(dāng)、邏輯合理、符合習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤或有疑問的答案，應(yīng)再次推敲、反復(fù)斟酌、做出修正。技法指導(dǎo)1．依據(jù)文章首句，判斷主旨大意。依據(jù)文章首句所給的線索可以看出文章的體裁，判斷主旨大意，掌握作者的寫作思路及其對(duì)某人或某事物的感情色彩。只有掌握了主旨大意，理清了文章結(jié)構(gòu)，了解了各部分之間的關(guān)系，才能加深對(duì)文章的整體理解。換句話說，考生應(yīng)對(duì)全文有一個(gè)清晰的概念，明白文章的各部分都是為了表達(dá)同一個(gè)主題，這樣在略讀時(shí)就更容易把握含空格的句子的真正含義，答題時(shí)就會(huì)顯得輕而易舉了。如：(2012山東高考)Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless，”mostofusthinkoftheDevelopingWorld.剖析：閱讀文章首句可知，這是一篇記敘文，作者講述的話題與“無家可歸者”有關(guān)。2．根據(jù)文章大意，把握上下文的關(guān)系。做完形填空題不能離開上下文。很多題僅從語法角度來說，可能有兩三個(gè)正確答案，但是結(jié)合上下文，情況就不一樣了。上下文是形成語境的基礎(chǔ)，任何語言結(jié)構(gòu)、語法關(guān)系、詞語搭配都不能無視上下文的聯(lián)系。做題時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)瞻前顧后，要做到詞不離句、句不離段、段不離文。有時(shí)我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，上文的答案在下文有提示，而下文的答案在上文中也有信息。如：(2012山東高考)KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking__38__forthehomelessofBerlin，Germany'scapital.38．A.preparations B．housesC．meals D．suggestions剖析：C僅從第38個(gè)空所在句子來理解，馬勒夫婦為無家可歸者“建造房屋”似乎更合適，表達(dá)為“做準(zhǔn)備”或“提建議”也未嘗不可，但是根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的madesandwiches和gavefoodtothehomeless可知，他們是為無家可歸的人提供膳食。3．根據(jù)文章語境，進(jìn)行詞義辨析。完形填空的命題特點(diǎn)之一就是利用詞匯辨析知識(shí)命題，而且占了整篇文章題目的絕大部分。首先要準(zhǔn)確把握詞匯的意思和用法以及不同語境中的變化，仔細(xì)辨析相似、相近詞語的詞義，特別注意詞語的固定搭配以及詞匯的引申意義。如：(2012山東高考)Forexample，howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa__37__countrylikeGermany?37．A.traditional B．developingC．typical D．wealthy剖析：Dtraditional意為“傳統(tǒng)的”；developing意為“發(fā)展中的”；typical意為“典型的，有代表性的”；wealthy意為“富裕的”。此處通過實(shí)例來說明上一句的觀點(diǎn)，結(jié)合后面的likeGermany判斷應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)表示“一個(gè)富裕的國家”。Kurtandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches，__41__atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.41．A.broughtup B．setupC．putaside D．gaveaway剖析：Bbringup意為“提出，養(yǎng)育”；setup意為“建立，安裝；臨時(shí)搭起”；putaside意為“把……放在一邊，儲(chǔ)存……備用”；giveaway意為“捐贈(zèng)，泄露”。根據(jù)前后句的語境判斷應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)，表示“他們?cè)诮稚习卜抛雷印薄?．體會(huì)文章的色彩，注意語言的和諧。作者對(duì)完形填空文章賦予了一定的感情色彩。首先要理解作者說話的語氣和文章的感情色彩，這種語氣和色彩是和諧一致的，而且貫穿全文的。做題時(shí)要充分體會(huì)上下文語言的和諧性，理解文章的深層含義。如：(2012山東高考)TheMullerssoonrealisedthatfoodandclothingweren't__42__.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand__43__，”saysRita.TheMullersdidn't__44__togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.42．A.enough B．necessaryC．helpful D．expensive剖析：A根據(jù)下句alsoneed判斷應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)，表示馬勒夫婦很快意識(shí)到僅僅提供衣物是不“夠”的。43．A.fame B．freedomC．courage D．caring剖析：D無家可歸者不僅需要食物，也需要溫暖和“關(guān)心”。44．A.hesitate B．a(chǎn)greeC．pretend D．intend剖析：A從全文看出，馬勒夫婦竭盡全力幫助無家可歸者，所以選A項(xiàng)，表示“毫不猶豫地做某事”。5．把握文章脈絡(luò)，進(jìn)行推理判斷。在完形填空題中常常要對(duì)文章的情節(jié)、作者的態(tài)度等進(jìn)行推理判斷。因此首先要抓住文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清楚文章的結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。只有這樣，才能加深對(duì)文章深層意義的理解，從而更好地完成“完形”的任務(wù)，恢復(fù)文章的原貌。如：(2012山東高考)KurtandRitareceiveno__52__fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents，”saysRita，“andparentsshouldn't__53__moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.52．A.permission B．paymentC．direction D．support剖析：B全文講述了馬勒夫婦為無家可歸者所做的無私奉獻(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)，表示“他們的努力工作沒有任何報(bào)酬”。53．A.borrow B．raiseC．save D．expect剖析：D父母幫助孩子是不期望得到報(bào)酬的，所以expect符合文意。誤區(qū)警示1．文章大意易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(2012山東高考)ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengetstired，shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea__55__intheworld.55．A.profit B．differenceC．decision D．rule【錯(cuò)混透析】B文章的主題是在頌揚(yáng)馬勒夫婦的善舉，他們對(duì)無家可歸者提供無私幫助，并且不計(jì)回報(bào)，所以應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)表示他們的行為改變了世界，也使他們的生活變得更有意義。【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生易忽視文章大意。應(yīng)該在把握文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行總體了解，避免做了后面的題目后才發(fā)現(xiàn)和前面的內(nèi)容沖突或矛盾。2．情感態(tài)度易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(2012山東高考)Rita__45__therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways__46__toanyonewhocouldn'tfaceanothernightonthestreet.45．A.madesense B．foundoutC．madesure D．workedout【錯(cuò)混透析】C為了能給無家可歸者隨時(shí)提供幫助，馬勒夫婦把電話號(hào)碼給他們，當(dāng)然需要電話能隨時(shí)接通，所以應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)表示“確?！?。46．A.open B．crowdedC．noisy D．near【錯(cuò)混透析】A為了體現(xiàn)馬勒夫婦的真誠，他們家總是為那些無家可歸者敞開著。故本題選A項(xiàng)。【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生往往忽略作者的情感態(tài)度，錯(cuò)誤地理解文章意思。要善于透過文章的表層含義，剖析作者的內(nèi)心世界，帶著作者真實(shí)的情感態(tài)度去做題。3．上下文關(guān)系易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(2012山東高考)Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer__51__newshoes.51．A.donates B．producesC．designs D．collects【錯(cuò)混透析】A上文講述了30多家公司定期地為慈善事業(yè)捐贈(zèng)食物和其他物品，所以此處也應(yīng)選表示“捐贈(zèng)”之意的A項(xiàng)。【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生往往只拘泥于個(gè)別詞句的意思，忽視整篇文章的語境和上下文的聯(lián)系，從而造成失誤。在選擇答案時(shí)不要只注意選項(xiàng)所在的短語、句子或段落，要善于從上下文中尋找相關(guān)的提示信息。4．邏輯關(guān)系易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(2012山東高考)Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless，”mostofusthinkoftheDevelopingWorld.Butthe__36__isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.36．A.result B．truthC．reason D．idea【錯(cuò)混透析】B文章第一句講到了大多數(shù)人的想法，“But”轉(zhuǎn)折后肯定要表達(dá)不同的觀點(diǎn)，所以選B項(xiàng)，說明事實(shí)情況并非大多數(shù)人想象的那樣?！窘忸}指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，要合理理解文章的內(nèi)容，正確地把握邏輯關(guān)系。邏輯關(guān)系主要涉及原因、時(shí)間、條件、轉(zhuǎn)折等方面。只要我們弄明白文中關(guān)鍵詞以及邏輯關(guān)系，就能確定比較明確的、直接的答案。5．基本常識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)(2012山東高考)TheyfirstbeganonelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere__40__onholiday.40．A.asleep B．a(chǎn)loneC．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)way【錯(cuò)混透析】D“度假”當(dāng)然要“外出”，這是常理，所以選D項(xiàng)。(2012山東高考)Today，overthirtycompaniesregularlydonatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto__50__themtothehomeless.50．A.advertise B．sellC．deliver D．lend【錯(cuò)混透析】C既然是幫助無家可歸者，那么志愿者對(duì)這些物品“做廣告”、“出售”或“借出去”顯然不合常理，所以應(yīng)選deliver，表示“運(yùn)送，送給”?！窘忸}指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該在了解短文主要意思的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合基本常識(shí)進(jìn)行解題。平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中，應(yīng)當(dāng)注意知識(shí)的積累，加強(qiáng)不同學(xué)科間的知識(shí)融合。多閱讀，多體會(huì)，注意中西文化的差異，掌握一名合格的中學(xué)生應(yīng)具備的基本常識(shí)。1Youhavewaited45minutesforthevaluable10minutes'breakbetweenclasses.Butwhenthebellforthenextclassrings，youcan't__1__howquicklytimehaspassed.Ifyouarefamiliarwiththis__2__，you'llknowhowtimeflieswhenyouarehavingfun—and__3__whenyouarebored.Nowscientistshave__4__areasonwhythisisthecase.Scanshaveshownthatpatternsofactivityinthebrain__5__accordingtohowwefocusonatask.Whenweare__6__，weconcentratemoreonhowtimeispassing.Andthismakesourbrains__7__theclockistickingmoreslowly.Inanexperiment__8__byaFrenchlaboratory,12volunteerswatchedanimage__9__researchersmonitoredtheirbrainactivity.Thevolunteersweretoldto__10__concentrateonhowlonganimageappearedfor，then__11__thecoloroftheimage，andthirdly，studybothdurationandcolor.Theresultsshowedthat__12__wasmoreactivewhenthevolunteerspaid__13__subjects.Itisthoughtthatifthebrainis__14__focusingonmanyaspectsofatask，ithasto__15__itsresources，andpayslessattentiontotheclock.__16__，timepasseswithoutusreally__17__it，andseemstogoquickly.Ifthebrainisnotsoactive，itconcentratesits__18__energiesonmonitoringthepassingoftime.__19__，timeseemstodrag.Nexttimeyoufeelbored__20__，perhapsyoushouldpaymoreattentiontowhattheteacherissaying!1．A.guess B．learnC．believe D．doubt2．A.view B．pointC．scene D．experience3．A.drags B．stopsC．backs D．gains4．A.thoughtover B．madeupC．suggested D．comeupwith5．A.change B．developC．grow D．slow6．A.sleepy B．boredC．excited D．a(chǎn)ctive7．A.report B．thinkC．decide D．see8．A.produced B．carriedC．tried D．performed9．A.so B．whenC．while D．but10．A.partly B．quicklyC．completely D．first11．A.remember B．focusonC．forget D．tellapart12．A.theresearchers B．theexperimentC．theclock D．thebrain13．A.muchattentionto B．moreattentiontoC．a(chǎn)ttentiontomany D．a(chǎn)ttentiontomore14．A.busy B．likelyC．ready D．sure15．A.focus B．gatherC．reach D．spread16．A.However B．FurthermoreC．Therefore D．Finally17．A.recognizing B．watchingC．noticing D．counting18．A.enough B．fullC．right D．proper19．A.Infact B．AsaresultC．Forexample D．Instead20．A.inclass B．withworkC．inmind D．ofclock2Manychildrenmaybefondofanimals，butfeweverthinkofmakingthestudyofanimalstheircareer.Evenfewerwillbe__1__bythewholeworld，__2__thetitleofUnitedNationsMessenger(使者)ofPeace.__3__onewomanhasachievedallthat.Shehaslivedwithchimpanzees(黑猩猩)intheAfricanforestformorethan20yearsandmadegreat__4__.ThiswomanisJaneGoodall.ShewasborninLondon，England，in1934.Goodall'slifelong__5__inanimalsbeganatanearlyage.Bytheageof10or11，Goodall__6__goingtoAfricatolivewithanimals.Thiswasquiteastrangedreaminthosedays，asyoung__7__didn'tthinkofhavingsuch“wild”actions.Butshewas__8__byhermother.Shetoldherthatifshereallywantedsomething，sheshouldworkhard，takeadvantageof__9__andnevergiveuplookingforaway.WhenaclosefriendinvitedGoodalltoKenyain1957，shereadily__10__.Withinafewmonthsofherarrivalshemetthefamousanthropologist(人類學(xué)家)Dr.LouisLeakey，whosoondecidedthatGoodallwasthe__11__personhewaslookingfortobegina__12__ofwildchimpanzeesontheshoreofLakeTanganyikainTanzania.InJuly1960，GoodallarrivedatCombeNationalParkinTanzania.Atthebeginning，studyingthechimpanzeeswasnot__13__forher.Theanimalsfledfromher__14__，soittookmonthsforhertogetclosetothem.Withastrong__15__，shesearchedtheforesteveryday，tryingnottogettooclosetothechimpanzeestoo__16__.Graduallythechimpanzeesbecameusedtoherpresence.ShediscoveredmanythingsofchimpanzeesduringherfirstyearsatCombeNationalPark.InOctober1960，sheobservedachimpanzeemakingandusing__17__tofishfortermites(白蟻)．Thisdiscoverythrew__18__onthepopularideaatthetimethatManwastheworld'sonlytoolmaker.ThelongerGoodall'sresearchcontinues，themoreitbecomesobviousthatchimpanzeesarevery__19__tohumans.Sincethemid1980sGoodallhasbeenlecturingaroundtheworldtoraisepeople'ssenseaboutenvironmental__20__.“Let'sliveinthenewagewithhope，respectforalllivingthings，understandingandlove，”shesaid.1．A.recognized B．knownC．praised D．a(chǎn)dmitted2．A.receiving B．givingC．enjoying D．having3．A.So B．ActuallyC．But D．Finally4．A.discoveries B．decisionsC．choices D．findings5．A.study B．interestC．sense D．dream6．A.wasfondof B．wastiredofC．insistedon D．dreamedof7．A.boys B．girlsC．men D．women8．A.encouraged B．preventedC．a(chǎn)dvised D．forced9．A.knowledge B．youthC．hope D．chances10．A.accepted B．refusedC．hesitated D．considered11．A.only B．lastC．special D．first12．A.project B．studyC．center D．career13．A.hard B．interestingC．easy D．convenient14．A.insurprise B．inahurryC．a(chǎn)sexpected D．infear15．A.will B．bodyC．desire D．mind16．A.far B．nearC．soon D．much17．A.nets B．toolsC．holes D．sticks18．A.doubt B．lightC．questions D．beliefs19．A.close B．similarC．friendly D．helpful20．A.improvement B．protectionC．pollution D．destruction3Iammymother'sthirdchild.WhenIwasborn，herdoctorgentlyexplainedtomymotherthatmyleftarmwas__1__，belowtheelbow(肘部)．Thenhegavehersome__2__：“Don'ttreatherany__3__fromtheothergirls.Demandmore.”Andshe__4__！Mymotherhadtoworkto__5__ourfamily.Therewerefivegirlsinourfamilyandweallhadto__6__.OncewhenIwasaboutseven，Icameoutofthe__7__，“Mom，Ican'tpeel(削……皮)potatoes.Ionlyhaveonehand.”“Yougetbacktopeelthosepotatoes，anddon'teverusethatasa(n)__8__foranythingagain！”O(jiān)fcourseIcouldpeelpotatoes—withmygoodhand，whileholdingthemdownwithmy__9__arm.Therewasalwaysa__10__，andMomknewit，“Ifyoutryhard__11__，”she'dsay，“youcandoanything.”O(jiān)nceinthesecondgrade，ourteacherhadeachofusraceacrossthemonkeybars(高低杠)．Whenitwasmyturn，I__12__myhead.Somekids__13__.Iwenthomecrying.Thenextafternoon，afterwork，Mom__14__mebacktotheschoolground.“Now，__15__upwithyourrightarm，”sheadvised.Shestoodby__16__Ipracticed，andshe__17__mewhenImadeprogress.I'llneverforgetthe__18__timeIwascrossingthebars.Thekidswerestandingtherewiththeirmouthsopen.Itwasthewaywitheverything.WhenI__19__Ican'thandle(處理)things，IseeMom'ssmileagain.Shehadtheheartto__20__anything.AndshetaughtmeIcould，too.1．A.missing B．brokenC．diseased D．short2．A.warning B．medicineC．help D．a(chǎn)dvice3．A.badly B．differentlyC．well D．normally4．A.did B．refusedC．cried D．was5．A.care B．helpC．support D．feed6．A.payattention B．workoutC．carryout D．helpout7．A.kitchen B．bedroomC．house D．school8．A.idea B．changeC．excuse D．explanation9．A.lost B．otherC．next D．longer10．A.chance B．wayC．time D．success11．A.enough B．tooC．a(chǎn)gain D．often12．A.hurt B．noddedC．shook D．turned13．A.cheered B．whisperedC．joked D．laughed14．A.drove B．tookC．sent D．carried15．A.pull B．jumpC．stand D．rise16．A.before B．a(chǎn)sC．a(chǎn)fter D．until17．A.helped B．raisedC．praised D．protected18．A.first B．lastC．wonderful D．next19．A.admit B．fearC．find D．realize20．A.face B．teachC．learn D．solve4Likemostpeople，Iwasbroughtuptolookuponlifeasaprocessofgetting.ItwasnotuntilinmylatethirtiesthatImadethisimportant__1__：givingawaymakeslifesomuchmoreexciting.Youneednotworryifyou__2____money.ThisishowI__3__withgivingaway.Ifanideaforimprovingthewindowdisplayofaneighborhoodstore__4__tome，Isteppedinandmadethesuggestiontothe__5__.Ifanaccidenttookplace，the__6__ofwhichIthinkthelocalpolicecoulduse，I__7__himupandtoldhimaboutit，thoughIwasnotin__8__here.OnediscoveryImadeaboutthisworldistogive__9__gettingsomethingback，thoughthe__10__oftencomesinanunexpectedform.OneSundaymorningthelocalpostofficedeliveredanimportant__11__lettertomyhome，thoughitwas__12__tomeatmyoffice.Iwrotethepostmasteranoteof__13__.MorethanayearlaterIneededapostofficeboxforanewbusinessIwas__14__.Iwastoldatthewindowthattherewere__15__boxesleft，andthatmynamewouldhavetogoonalong__16__list.AsIwasaboutto__17__，thepostmasterappearedinthe__18__.“Wasn'tityouthatwroteusthatletterayearagoaboutdeliveringaspecialdeliverytoyourhome？”Isaiditwas.“Well，youcertainlyaregoingtohaveaboxinthispostoffice__19__wemakeoneforyou.Youdon'tknowwhataletterlikethatmeanstous.Weusuallyget__20__butcomplaints(投訴)．”1．A.decision B．researchC．speech D．discovery2．A.earn B．lackC．spend D．steal3．A.experienced B．connectedC．combined D．a(chǎn)greed4．A.happened B．flashedC．stuck D．led5．A.postmaster B．headmasterC．storekeeper D．policeman6．A.story B．damageC．challenge D．material7．A.called B．heldC．broke D．picked8．A.need B．troubleC．common D．charge9．A.within B．withoutC．for D．before10．A.process B．goalC．return D．concern11．A.curious B．immediate C．special D．heavy12．A.realized B．a(chǎn)ddressedC．forgotten D．brought13．A.invitation B．a(chǎn)pologyC．instruction D．a(chǎn)ppreciation14．A.dealing B．providingC．operating D．starting15．A.enough B．someC．no D．more16．A.admitting B．relatingC．examining D．waiting17．A.leave B．shoutC．guess D．conduct18．A.window B．doorwayC．library D．yard19．A.incase B．nowthatC．evenif D．a(chǎn)sif20．A.anything B．everythingC．nothing D．something5Morethan5yearsago，JohnWilliamsgaveawayallofhisbelongingsandwenttothemountainstolivethewaypeoplelived100yearsago.For__1__hetrapswildanimalsandfishesintherivers—__2__hecan.Johnlivesinacabinhemade__3__，outoftreeshechoppeddownwithanaxe.__4__hehasnorelativesthatheknowsof，hedoeshaveadeerhe__5__fromafawn(幼鹿)．ThedeerlivesinthehouseinwinterandgoeswithJohnwhenhegoesintothe__6__forfood.Nobodylives__7__fiftymilesofhiscabininthemountainsandJohnhasnotbeenoutofthemountainsduringtheentirefortyyears.OnedaylastyearIhikedintosee__8__Johnlivesin.Itwaslikegoing__9__.Therewerenostores，nopostoffices，nonoise，nopollution，not__10__aroad.__11__notable(值得注意的)ofall，therewerenopeopleandthat'sthe__12__JohnWilliamswantstokeephispartoftheworld.Butthereisaparadox(自相矛盾的事)inhisstory.Heisan__13__man.Hehasbooksandnobodyknowshowhe__14__them.Mostlyhereadsabouthisworld—theforest，theanimals，theplants，andthe__15__.Hehasseenairplanesflyingoverheadbutdoesnotwantto__16__aboutthem.Forhim，electricityisnomorethan__17__，notlightbulbs，refrigerators，televisions，orwashingmachines.Johnis85yearsoldandhasnothada__18__dayinhislife.Heoweshislonglifetothefactthathehasnothingtodowithpeopleandinorderthathemight__19__manymoreyearsofhealth，happinessandsolitude(孤獨(dú))，Iwillnottellyou__20__hiskingdomlies.Thereisnoroomthereforyouorme.1．A.fun B．foodC．meal D．pleasure2．A.whichever B．wheneverC．wherever D．whatever3．A.byhand B．withhandC．a(chǎn)hand D．handinhand4．A.Nowthat B．AsC．Aslongas D．Though5．A.raised B．boughtC．got D．picked6．A.country B．villageC．city D．forest7．A.in B．withinC．for D．off8．A.where B．theplaceC．why D．how9．A.on B．backC．forward D．a(chǎn)long10．A.ever B．yetC．a(chǎn)lready D．even11．A.More B．MostC．Very D．Much12．A.way B．lifeC．thing D．idea13．A.interesting B．honestC．old D．educated14．A.got B．borrowedC．read D．treated15．A.deer B．mountainsC．society D．country16．A.know B．talkC．discuss D．speak17．A.nothing B．lightningC．thunder D．storm18．A.lonely B．happyC．hard D．sick19．A.live B．keepC．continue D．enjoy20．A.where B．whichC．what D．how6Aboutaweekago，my4yearoldcousinandIwereplayingbasketballatourlocalpark.The__1__waswarm，andmanyotherchildrenwereoutside__2__.Asweplayed，Inoticedasmallgroupofboys__3__asmaller，skinnier，andpossiblyyoungerboy.Theywerecallinghimnamesand__4__pushedhimtothegroundand__5__dirtinhisface.WhenIsawthat，Igrabbedmy__6__bythehandandwalkedovertothe__7__.Istepped__8__themandtheyoungerboy，andaskedthem__9__whatthisboyhaddonedeserved__10__theyweredoingtohim.Theyall__11__silentlyforamoment，andthenthemostamazingthing__12__：oneoftheboyswhohadn'tsaidanythingsinceI__13__steppedaroundtheyoungerboyandhelpedhimoffthe__14__andthenapologized.Heofferedtolethimplaywiththem，__15__theboyquietlysaid“thankyou”andrefused，andthenleftthere.AsIlookedaround，I__16__thatthereweredozensofotherpeopleatthepark—someofthemwere__17__withchildrenoftheirown—butnooneelsehadstoppedtohelpthisboy.Ifelt__18__thattheboywasbraveenoughtostandupagainsthisfriendstohelpsomeone__19__，butIfeltsadthatnooneelsehadeventakenasecond__20__.Icouldn'thelpbutthinkthatthoseparentsattheparkwouldwantsomeonetohelptheirchildinthatsituation，andyettheydidnothingbutstoodby.1．A.climate B．a(chǎn)tmosphereC．a(chǎn)ir D．weather2．A.asusual B．a(chǎn)swellC．a(chǎn)splanned D．a(chǎn)syet3．A.pickingon B．leavingforC．stayingin D．takingover4．A.yet B．onlyC．even D．just5．A.noticed B．kickedC．watched D．showed6．A.cousin B．sonC．daughter D．boy7．A.class B．familyC．group D．society8．A.among B．a(chǎn)tC．over D．between9．A.hopefully B．finallyC．politely D．possibly10．A.who B．howC．why D．what11．A.came B．wentC．stood D．talked12．A.continued B．stoppedC．emerged D．happened13．A.jumpedup B．walkedoverC．wentby D．wentaway14．A.tree B．roomC．stone D．ground15．A.so B．butC．then D．still16．A.expected B．imaginedC．realized D．a(chǎn)dmitted17．A.neighbors B．friendsC．classmates D．parents18．A.angry B．sorryC．sad D．happy19．A.inturn B．inadvanceC．inneed D．inall20．A.knock B．shoutC．noise D．glance7CharlesandIusedtohangoutallthetime，togetherwithafewotherguys，butheseemedtoocooltowardsuslately.Wecouldn'tunderstandthe__1__，andwedidn'taskhimforanexplanation.__2__，wedecidedto__3__himalessoninthewayhetreatedus.OncewestartedgivingCharlesthe__4__shoulder，almosteveryonewastakingnonoticeofhim.Helookedso__5__，especiallyatlunchtimewhenhesataloneinthecafeteria.Nowandthenhenoddedandsaid，“Hey！”when__6__passedhistable，butallhegot__7__returnweremeanlooksandsilence.AtfirstIwasgladmyplanhad__8__，butCharles'unhappinessmademeupset.Ionlywantedhimtoknow__9__itfeltliketobeblownoff，butIhadn'tthoughtabouthowbadlymy“l(fā)esson”would__10__him.Duringonelunchperiod，I__11__asCharlesrepeatedlyglancedathiswatch，obviously__12__theminutesuntilhecouldleavethecafeteria.IsuddenlyrealizedIhaddonewrong.“Hey！Man，I'mterriblysorry.”Icalledout.Charlesturnedaround__13__，clearlywantingtoavoideyecontact.“Oh，soyouaretalkingtomenow？”heasked.“I'msorry，__14__Ihadthoughtthatyouwantedtoendourfriendship.”Isaid.“What？”henearlyshouted，lookingmuch__15__.“I'veleftyoualonebecauseIthoughtthatwaswhatyouwanted.”“Oh，myGod！WhywouldIwant__16__？”heshouted，completelypuzzled.Clearly，webothhadbeen__17__eachotherwrong.AtfirstCharlescouldn'tacceptmy__18__.Iknewheneededtimeto__19__allthehurtI'dcausedhim.Buteventually，hedidforgiveme.Weevenstartedhangingouttogether__20__.Andourfriendshipwasn'tdestroyedatall.1．A.situation B．changeC．a(chǎn)ction D．a(chǎn)ppearance2．A.Besides B．ThereforeC．Instead D．Opposite3．A.take B．teachC．make D．a(chǎn)ttend4．A.serious B．friendlyC．warm D．cold5．A.sad B．a(chǎn)ngryC．happy D．high6．A.nobody B．a(chǎn)nyoneC．they D．someone7．A.at B．inC．on D．by8．A.helped B．operatedC．worked D．done9．A.what B．thatC．a(chǎn)s D．how10．A.worry B．touchC．hurt D．disappoint11．A.imagined B．listenedC．recalled D．watched12．A.counting B．guessingC．waiting D．checking13．A.immediately B．slowlyC．finally D．willingly14．A.and B．soC．thus D．but15．A.interested B．pleasedC．surprised D．moved16．A