河南省駐馬店市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

駐馬店市2024~2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高一英語試題本試題卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分?？忌鞔饡r(shí)，將答案答在答題卡上，在本試題卷上答題無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，監(jiān)考老師只收答題卡。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫（涂）在答題卡上?？忌J(rèn)真核對(duì)答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、姓名是否一致。2.第Ⅰ卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。第Ⅱ卷用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫作答，在試題上作答，答案無效。3.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考教師將答題卡收回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthemannow?A.Inthelivingroom.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthegarden.2.HowwasFredfeelinginthemorning?A.Surprised.B.Sad.C.Excited.3.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisawriter.B.Sheisareporter.C.Sheisanurse.4.Howmuchmoneywillthemangetback?A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Leavingahotel.B.Bookingatrip.C.Askingaboutflightprices.第二節(jié)（共15題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?A.Anactionmovie.B.Acomedy.C.Acartoonmovie.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.9.Howoldistheman'smothernow?A.45yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.60yearsold.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?A.Shecanlearnsomeskills.B.Hercompanypaysverywell.C.Shelivesnearherworkplace.11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?A.Adogfoodtaster.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Ahoteltestsleeper.12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?A.Three.B.Five.C.Two.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?A.Shefoughtwithhim.B.Shedidasheasked.C.Shepretendednottoseehim.14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Keepadog.B.Callthepolice.C.Fitahomealarmsystem.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?AAtasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?A.At4:20pm.B.At3:30pm.C.At5:00pm.19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?A.Inhiscar.B.Inhispocket.C.Onthebench.20.WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?A.Someonestoleit.B.Itwasbehindanothercar.C.Hewenttoawrongplace.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATopFourArtificialIntelligenceTrendsPersonalandGenerativeAIThroughwideuseofChatGPT3,theresearchershavediscoveredthepoweroflanguagemodelsandtheirrolesinreal-world,real-timehandwritingofmarketinginformation.PersonalandGenerativeAIwillusethelatestdevelopmentsindeeplanguagenetworksandadvancesinimageprocessingtocreatemessagesforthecustomers’uniqueonlinecharacters.EdgeAIEdgeAI,representshighlydevelopedcomputingtechnology.Edgecomputingenablesreal-timeprocessing,bringinganalysis(分析)closertothedatasource.Despiteitsyoungage,EdgeAIprojectsamarketsizeofmorethan$3billionby2027,andgainspowerbecauseitreducesenergyuselargelythroughlocalanalysisanddealswithprivacyissues.InternetSafetyAITheaveragedatadamagecostintheUnitedStatesin2023was$9.44million.Since51%ofworkersworkremotely,AIwillbeimportantinguardingagainstInternetrisks.Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.Low-Code/No-CodeAIBy2026,80%ofallnewusersintheno-code(無代碼)areawillbeusinglow-codeAIoptimization(優(yōu)化).Thischangetowardincreasednon-technicalparticipationinAIpromisestopopularizeitsuseacrossdifferentindustriesandcompaniesofallsizes.Projectmanagersmaymakereal-timedataanalysissimplewhiledoingAIoptimizationthankstono-codeplatformslikeSwayAI.1.WhichAIbestsuitsusersinlanguageprocessing?A.EdgeAI. B.PersonalandGenerativeAI.C.InternetSafetyAI. D.Low-Code/No-CodeAI.2.WhatisakeyfeatureofInternetSafetyAI?A.Monitoringdanger. B.Analyzingimages.C.Conductingcomputing. D.Usinglowcode.3.Whatdothefourtrendshaveincommon?A.Theyhavebeenfullydeveloped. B.Theydealwithprivacyproblems.C.Theydoreal-timedataprocessing. D.Theyarewidelyusedinindustries.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了人工智能的四大趨勢及其主要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“PersonalandGenerativeAIwillusethelatestdevelopmentsindeeplanguagenetworksandadvancesinimageprocessingtocreatemessagesforthecustomers’uniqueonlinecharacters.(個(gè)性化生成AI將利用深度語言網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最新發(fā)展和圖像處理的進(jìn)步，為客戶的獨(dú)特在線角色創(chuàng)建消息)”可知，最適合語言處理的是個(gè)性化生成AI。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Since51%ofworkersworkremotely,AIwillbeimportantinguardingagainstInternetrisks.Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.(由于51%的員工遠(yuǎn)程工作，人工智能將在防范互聯(lián)網(wǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面發(fā)揮重要作用。先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)還將使服務(wù)器和軟件更容易，同時(shí)提供基于云的服務(wù)、實(shí)時(shí)員工監(jiān)控和威脅發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全AI的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)是監(jiān)測危險(xiǎn)。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThroughwideuseofChatGPT3,theresearchershavediscoveredthepoweroflanguagemodelsandtheirrolesinreal-world,real-timehandwritingofmarketinginformation.(通過廣泛使用聊天GPT3，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了語言模型的力量及其在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的作用，實(shí)時(shí)手寫的營銷信息)”根據(jù)第二段“Edgecomputingenablesreal-timeprocessing,bringinganalysis(分析)closertothedatasource.(邊緣計(jì)算允許實(shí)時(shí)處理，將分析靠近數(shù)據(jù)源)”和第三段“Advancedsystemswillalsomakeserversandsoftwareeasierwhileprovidingcloud-basedservices,real-timestaffmonitoringandthreatdiscovery.(先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)還將使服務(wù)器和軟件更容易，同時(shí)提供基于云的服務(wù)、實(shí)時(shí)員工監(jiān)控和威脅發(fā)現(xiàn))”以及第四段“Projectmanagersmaymakereal-timedataanalysissimplewhiledoingAIoptimizationthankstono-codeplatformslikeSwayAI.(得益于SwayAI等無代碼平臺(tái)，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理可以在進(jìn)行AI優(yōu)化時(shí)簡化實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)分析)”可知，這四大趨勢的共同點(diǎn)是它們都涉及實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)處理。故選C。BAspeopleage,theyoftensharecommondesires:toremainintheirownhomes,tomaintaintheirindependenceforaslongaspossible,andtorelyonfamilyandfriendsforsupportwhennecessary.Thisconcept(概念)ofstayingintheirhomeastheyageisknownas“aginginplace”.However,manyolderadultsandtheirfamilieshaveconcernsaboutsafetyanddailyactivities.WhenWeakleylived400milesfromher82-year-oldgrandmother,JanetDibkey,whowaslivingaloneandshowingearlysignsofmemoryloss,thelongdistanceandlackofcarebroughtWeakleyconstantworry.JanetDibkeyisamongmorethan90%ofolderadultswhowanttospendtheirlateryearsintheirownhomes.Weakleyisoneofmorethan53millionAmericansasacaregiver.SheisalsoaresearcherhelpingolderAmericansmaintainindependencethroughcommunicationtoolsandtechnology.Createdinpartnershipwithcaregiversandotherexperts,WeakleydesignedtheInteractiveCarePlatform,orI-Care,toconnectolderadultsexperiencingmentaldisabilitytotheirfamilymemberswholiveapartforsupportincompletingtheseimportantdailyactivities,suchasmanagingmedicine,payingbillsontimeandrememberingtoattendappointments.I-Carehasahomepagethatlistsweatherconditions,upcomingeventsandrecentcaregivermessages,andacalendarthatcanbechangedbyboththecarereceiverandcaregiver.Besides,thereisamessagingcenterwherecarepartnerscansendmessagesandmakevideocallsandagoalssectionwhereindividualscantrackbrainhealthbehaviorssuchasexerciseandcognitive(認(rèn)知)engagement.“Dr.Weakley’screativeworkisveryexcitingbecausesheisusingtechnologytosupportfamiliesinwaysthatarebothpracticalandmeaningful.Itaddressessocialisolationandlonelinessinthecarereceiverandstressandworryinthecaregiver,whichisimportantforwell-beingindailylifeforbothpeoplewithmemorylossandtheirfamilies,”areporterfromUSATodaysaid.4.Whatdowelearnaboutolderpeopleaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyaren’tconcernedaboutsafety. B.Theyonlydependonfamilyforcare.C.Theyprefertostayintheirhomes. D.Theydon’thaveenoughdailyactivities.5.WhywasWeakleyworriedabouthergrandmother?A.Hergrandmotherwantedtoliveonherown.B.Hergrandmothersufferedfromaseriousdisease.C.Shecouldn’tliveuptohergrandmother’sexpectations.D.Shecouldn’tlookafterhergrandmotherforlivingfar.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesI-Care?A.Itensuresthesafetyofolderpeople. B.Itprovideseffectivemedicaltreatment.C.Itpreventsmemorylossofoldermembers. D.Itbenefitsbotholderpeopleandtheirfamilies.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.I-CareHelpingOlderAdultsAgeinPlace.B.NewTechChangingtheLifeofOlderPeople.C.I-CareReducingtheStressoftheElderlyPeople.D.NewTechTreatingOlderAdultsforMemoryLoss.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講述了Weakley利用技術(shù)幫助老年人在家中獨(dú)立生活，并減輕他們家庭的照顧負(fù)擔(dān)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Aspeopleage,theyoftensharecommondesires:toremainintheirownhomes,tomaintaintheirindependenceforaslongaspossible,andtorelyonfamilyandfriendsforsupportwhennecessary.(隨著人們年齡的增長，他們通常會(huì)有一個(gè)共同的愿望：盡可能長時(shí)間地留在自己家里，維持獨(dú)立性，并在必要時(shí)依靠家人和朋友的支持)”可知，老年人更喜歡留在他們自己的家里。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenWeakleylived400milesfromher82-year-oldgrandmother,JanetDibkey,whowaslivingaloneandshowingearlysignsofmemoryloss,thelongdistanceandlackofcarebroughtWeakleyconstantworry.(當(dāng)Weakley住在離她82歲獨(dú)居并顯示出記憶力減退早期跡象的祖母JanetDibkey400英里遠(yuǎn)的地方時(shí)，長距離和缺乏護(hù)理讓W(xué)eakley不斷擔(dān)心)”可知，Weakley擔(dān)心祖母是因?yàn)樗〉锰h(yuǎn)，無法照顧自己的祖母。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Createdinpartnershipwithcaregiversandotherexperts,WeakleydesignedtheInteractiveCarePlatform,orI-Care,toconnectolderadultsexperiencingmentaldisabilitytotheirfamilymemberswholiveapartforsupportincompletingtheseimportantdailyactivities,suchasmanagingmedicine,payingbillsontimeandrememberingtoattendappointments.(與護(hù)理人員和其他專家合作，Weakley設(shè)計(jì)了互動(dòng)護(hù)理平臺(tái)，即I-Care，將有精神障礙的老年人與遠(yuǎn)離的家人連接起來，支持完成諸如管理藥物、按時(shí)付款和記住出席約會(huì)等重要日?；顒?dòng))”，以及第四段“I-Carehasahomepagethatlistsweatherconditions,upcomingeventsandrecentcaregivermessages,andacalendarthatcanbechangedbyboththecarereceiverandcaregiver.Besides,thereisamessagingcenterwherecarepartnerscansendmessagesandmakevideocallsandagoalssectionwhereindividualscantrackbrainhealthbehaviorssuchasexerciseandcognitiveengagement.(I-Care有一個(gè)主頁，上面列出了天氣狀況、即將發(fā)生的事件和最近的護(hù)理人員消息，以及一個(gè)可以由照護(hù)者和被護(hù)理者雙方更改的日歷。此外，還有一個(gè)信息中心，護(hù)理伙伴可以在這里發(fā)送消息和進(jìn)行視頻通話，還有一個(gè)目標(biāo)部分，個(gè)人可以跟蹤大腦健康行為，如鍛煉和認(rèn)知參與)”可知，I-Care不僅可以幫助老年人完成日常事務(wù)，還可以減輕家人的壓力，對(duì)老年人及其家人都有好處。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容和第五段““Dr.Weakley’screativeworkisveryexcitingbecausesheisusingtechnologytosupportfamiliesinwaysthatarebothpracticalandmeaningful.Itaddressessocialisolationandlonelinessinthecarereceiverandstressandworryinthecaregiver,whichisimportantforwell—beingindailylifeforbothpeoplewithmemorylossandtheirfamilies,”areporterfromUSATodaysaid.(“Weakley博士的創(chuàng)造性工作非常令人興奮，因?yàn)樗谑褂眉夹g(shù)以既實(shí)用又有意義的方式支持家庭。它解決了被照顧者的社會(huì)孤立和孤獨(dú)，以及照顧者的壓力和擔(dān)憂，這對(duì)失憶癥患者及其家人的日常生活都很重要，”《今日美國》的一名記者說)”，可知，文章主要講述了Weakley博士設(shè)計(jì)的I-Care互動(dòng)護(hù)理平臺(tái)如何幫助老年人在家中養(yǎng)老，并減輕家人的壓力。因此，A選項(xiàng)“幫助老年人在家中養(yǎng)老的I-Care”最能作為本文標(biāo)題。故選A。CAfairypenguin,alsoknownasalittlepenguin,livesonthecoastalareasofsouthernAustraliaandNewZealand.Fairypenguinsareimportanttotheecosystembecausetheyeatfish,whichbenefitstheocean’sfoodchainbalance.Theyalsohelpfertilize(施肥)thelandwiththeirwaste,whichhelpsplantsgrow.Butpollutioncausesathreattothem.Plasticwasteintheoceancanharmthepenguinsbygettingcaughtaroundtheirnecksorinstomachs,leadingtoinjuryordeath.Plasticpollutionisagrowingprobleminouroceans,anditishavingaseriousimpactonthehealthofsealife,includingpenguins.Thedigestionofplasticwastecanleadtohungerandotherhealthproblems.Studieshavefoundthatpenguinshavedigestedplasticwastesuchasbottlecapsandfishinglines.Plasticdebris(碎片)canbemistakenbypenguins,asitcanresemblefoodinsize,shapeandcolor.Onceeaten,theplasticremainsintheirstomachs,causingblockages,whichcanimpactthepenguins’overallhealth.Plasticwastecanalsoaffectthebehavioroffairypenguins.Studieshaveshownthatplasticpollutioncanhaveaneffectonthenormalbehaviorofpenguins,leadingtodecreasedfoodintakeandreducedreproductivesuccess.Thedigestionofplasticwastehasalsobeenfoundtocausestressinpenguins,leadingtochangedbehaviorandadecreasedabilitytocopewithotherstress.Todealwiththeissueofplasticpollutionconservation(保護(hù))workhasbeendonetoprotectthepenguins.Theseeffortsincludeprotectingtheirhabitats,reducingpollution,cleaningthebeachandeducatingpeopleabouthowtheycanhelp.Scientistsarealsoworkingtobetterunderstandtheimpactsofclimatechangesotheycandevelopmoreeffectiveways.Someeffortshavealreadyhadsuccess,suchasreducingoilpollutionandprotectingbreedingsites.However,thesearefarfromenough.Wemusttakeearlyactiontoreducepollutionandaddressclimatechange,notjustforthepenguins,butforallsealives.8.Whichstatementaboutfairypenguinswilltheauthorprobablydisagreewith?A.Theyareendangeredanimals. B.Theycontributetoplantsgrowing.C.Theymightgetinjuredbyplasticwaste. D.Theyhelpkeeptheocean’sfoodbalanced.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resemble”inparagraph2mean?A.Cutoff. B.Looklike. C.Dependon. D.Crashinto.10.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2and3?A.Theeffortsmadetoprotectpenguins. B.Thewaystosolveplasticpollution.C.Thecausesofplasticwasteintheocean. D.Theeffectsofplasticpollutiononpenguins.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theeffortsmadehaven’tyetgotgoodresults.B.Moreeffortsneedtobedonetoprotectpenguins.C.Someconservationwaysaredifficulttocarryout.D.Theimpactsofclimatechangehaven’tbeenunderstood.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是仙女企鵝面臨的塑料污染威脅及其影響，以及為保護(hù)這些企鵝和海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所采取的措施?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Fairypenguinsareimportanttotheecosystembecausetheyeatfish,whichbenefitstheocean’sfoodchainbalance.Theyalsohelpfertilize(施肥)thelandwiththeirwaste,whichhelpsplantsgrow.Butpollutioncausesathreattothem.Plasticwasteintheoceancanharmthepenguinsbygettingcaughtaroundtheirnecksorinstomachs,leadingtoinjuryordeath.(仙女企鵝對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)樗鼈円贼~為食，有助于維持海洋食物鏈的平衡。此外，它們的排泄物還能為土地施肥，促進(jìn)植物生長。然而，污染對(duì)它們構(gòu)成了威脅。海洋中的塑料垃圾可能會(huì)纏繞在企鵝的脖子上或進(jìn)入它們的胃里，造成傷害甚至導(dǎo)致死亡)”可推知，作者可能不同意的一點(diǎn)是仙女企鵝是瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Plasticdebris(碎片)canbemistakenbypenguins(企鵝可能會(huì)錯(cuò)認(rèn)塑料碎片)”和“foodinsize,shapeandcolor(食物的大小、形狀和顏色)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“企鵝可能會(huì)錯(cuò)認(rèn)塑料碎片，因?yàn)樗诖笮　⑿螤詈皖伾隙枷袷澄铩?，劃線詞表示“像”，和looklike意思相近。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Plasticpollutionisagrowingprobleminouroceans,anditishavingaseriousimpactonthehealthofsealife,includingpenguins.Thedigestionofplasticwastecanleadtohungerandotherhealthproblems.(塑料污染在我們的海洋中是一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問題，它對(duì)包括企鵝在內(nèi)的海洋生物的健康產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重影響。塑料垃圾的消化會(huì)導(dǎo)致饑餓和其他健康問題)”和第三段“Plasticwastecanalsoaffectthebehavioroffairypenguins.Studieshaveshownthatplasticpollutioncanhaveaneffectonthenormalbehaviorofpenguins,leadingtodecreasedfoodintakeandreducedreproductivesuccess.(塑料垃圾也會(huì)影響小企鵝的行為。研究表明，塑料污染會(huì)影響企鵝的正常行為，導(dǎo)致食物攝入量減少，繁殖成功率降低)”可知，第二段和第三段的主旨是塑料污染對(duì)企鵝的影響。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Someeffortshavealreadyhadsuccess,suchasreducingoilpollutionandprotectingbreedingsites.However,thesearefarfromenough.Wemusttakeearlyactiontoreducepollutionandaddressclimatechange,notjustforthepenguins,butforallsealives.(一些努力已經(jīng)取得了成功，比如減少石油污染和保護(hù)繁殖地。然而，這些還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。我們必須盡早采取行動(dòng)，減少污染，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，這不僅是為了企鵝，也是為了所有的海洋生物)”可知，從最后一段可以推斷出需要做更多的努力來保護(hù)企鵝。故選B。DEducatedisamemoir(回憶錄)byTaraWestover,awomanwhogrowsupastheyoungestofseveninaruralIdahoMormoncommunity.Sheandherbrotherswereallbornathomeandarehomeschooled,andherparentsaredeeplydoubtfulaboutthegovernment.Herfatherfearsthatpubliceducationstandardsarejustbrainwashing.Thestoryistoldinthreeparts.PartOnedetailsherchildhood.Westoverdescribesherfather’sradicalization(激進(jìn)).InPartTwo,WestovergoestocollegeatBYU.ShedescribesthecultureshockofbeingconfusedaboutwhattheHolocaust(大屠殺)was.Thenshehastolearnabouthistoryandstrugglesthroughherfirstromanticrelationship.FinallyinPartThree,WestovergoestoCambridgeforherPhD,attemptstofaceherfamilyissuesandbringsusuptodatewithherlifenow.Educatedisanattractivebookonvariouslevels.AsapersonaljourneyforWestover,it’ssuccessful.WestovergoesfromreceivinglittleeducationtoeventuallygettingherPhDatCambridge.Asastory,it’sunique.Westover’sexperiencesmakeforadifferentviewpoint.Andasareader,it’sinterestingtoconsiderhowherviewsareshaped.Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.It’shighlypersonalandnotatopicIamparticularlyinterestedin.IfeelthatperhapsWestoverwrotethisbooktoosoon.Itseemslikethestorywe’rereadingistheoneshe’sbuiltonpurposetomakesenseofeverythingthathappenedtoher.Iimagineshestillhasalongerjourneytoreallyprocessitallandwhatitmeans.And,whenthebookconcludes,thingsarelargelyunsolvedwithherfamily.However,Westover’sstoryofstrugglehasinspiredalotofreaders,includingme.Besides,fromthisbookIhaveabetterunderstandingthateducationisreallyanimportantprocessofself-discovery—ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.12.WhyareTaraandherbrothershomeschooled?A.Theycan’taffordtogotoschool. B.Therearen’tschoolsinthecommunity.C.Theirparentsdon’ttrustthegovernment. D.Theirparentsarewelleducatedtoteachthem.13.WhatcanweknowaboutTaraWestoverfromEducated?A.Shehasahappychildhood. B.She’sawardedherPHDatBYU.C.Sheoncesufferedcultureshock. D.Shehastroublegettingonwithothers.14.Whatmayfirstcausetheauthortochoosethebook?A.Itisquiteenjoyedbyreaders. B.Itstopicattractstheauthor.C.Thestoryisveryinteresting. D.Itscontentisnewtotheauthor.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisbook?A.Uncertain. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Subjective.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《你當(dāng)像鳥飛往你的山》這本書以及作者的閱讀感受。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Sheandherbrotherswereallbornathomeandarehomeschooled,andherparentsaredeeplydoubtfulaboutthegovernment.(她和她的兄弟們都在家里出生，在家接受教育，她的父母對(duì)政府深表懷疑)”可知，塔拉和她的兄弟們?cè)诩疑蠈W(xué)因?yàn)樗麄兊母改覆恍湃握９蔬xC。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InPartTwo,WestovergoestocollegeatBYU.ShedescribesthecultureshockofbeingconfusedaboutwhattheHolocaust(大屠殺)was.(在第二部分中，韋斯特弗去了楊百翰大學(xué)。她描述了對(duì)大屠殺是什么感到困惑的文化沖擊)”可知，塔拉·韋斯特弗曾經(jīng)遭受過文化沖擊。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.(老實(shí)說，一開始《你當(dāng)像鳥飛往你的山》并沒有出現(xiàn)在我的閱讀清單上，直到它成為一本真正的暢銷書)”可知，這本書深受讀者的喜愛讓作者選擇這本書。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tobehonest,inthebeginningEducatedwasnotonmyreadinglistuntilitbecamearealhit.It’shighlypersonalandnotatopicIamparticularlyinterestedin.IfeelthatperhapsWestoverwrotethisbooktoosoon.Itseemslikethestorywe’rereadingistheoneshe’sbuiltonpurposetomakesenseofeverythingthathappenedtoher.Iimagineshestillhasalongerjourneytoreallyprocessitallandwhatitmeans.And,whenthebookconcludes,thingsarelargelyunsolvedwithherfamily.However,Westover’sstoryofstrugglehasinspiredalotofreaders,includingme.Besides,fromthisbookIhaveabetterunderstandingthateducationisreallyanimportantprocessofself-discovery—ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.(老實(shí)說，一開始《受教育的人》并沒有出現(xiàn)在我的閱讀清單上，直到它成為一本真正的暢銷書。這是非常私人的話題，不是我特別感興趣的話題。我覺得也許韋斯特奧弗寫這本書寫得太早了。我們讀到的這個(gè)故事似乎是她故意編造出來的，好讓發(fā)生在她身上的一切都有意義。我想她還有更長的一段路要走，才能真正理解這一切以及它的意義。而且，當(dāng)這本書結(jié)束時(shí)，她與家人的關(guān)系基本上沒有得到解決。然而，韋斯特弗的奮斗故事激勵(lì)了包括我在內(nèi)的許多讀者。此外，從這本書中，我更好地理解了教育實(shí)際上是一個(gè)重要的自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程——培養(yǎng)自我意識(shí)和你的想法)”可知，作者說明了這本書的一些不足之處以及書帶給作者的啟發(fā)，即作者對(duì)這本書持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Critical(批判性)thinkingisavaluableskillthatisrelatedtotheabilitytoanalyzeinformation.Whilesomepeoplemayhaveanaturalinclination(傾向于)towardscriticalthinking,itisgenerallynotaninbornability.___16___.Researchsuggeststhatcriticalthinkingcanbeimprovedovertimeandisanecessarypartofproblem-solvingforchildren.Childrenarebornwithcuriositythatdrivesthemtoquestionandanalyzetheworld,andbeginsearlyinlife.___17___.Thissimplequestionshowsthenaturalinclinationtowardscriticalthinkingthatexistsinallhumans.Youngchildrenhaveanunsatisfiedcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem,constantlyseekingexplanationsandunderstanding.___18___.Aschildrengrow,theirquestioningbecomesmoreawkward.Toddlers(蹣跚學(xué)步者)mayaskbasic“why”questionsaboutimmediateobservations.___19___.Thisprocessshowcasesthedevelopmentofcriticalthinkingskillsasthebraindevelops.Byteens,teenagersarecapableofreasoningandcanengageindeeperquestioning.So,howshouldwehelpthemdevelopstrongercriticalthinkingskills?___20___.Byprovidingthoughtfulanswersandinspiringfurtherexploration,adultscanhelpstrengthencriticalthinkingskills.Creatinganenvironmentwherequestionsarewelcomedandvaluedhelpschildrendevelopconfidenceintheirabilitytothinkcriticallyandseekknowledgeindependently.Byrecognizinganddevelopingtheseinnatetendencies,parentsandeducatorscanhelpchildrendevelopstrongcriticalthinkingskillsthatwillservethemwellthroughouttheirlives.A.ChildrenaremakingdecisionsB.ItisanaturalpartofourdailylivesC.Itrequireseffort,practiceandthedevelopmentofasetofskillsD.ThisdesiretoquestionandlearnisabasicfeatureofhumannatureE.Parentsandeducatorsplayanimportantroleinchildren’snaturalcuriosityF.Fromthemomentchildrenbegintospeak,oneoftheirfavoritewordsis“why”G.Butolderchildrenbegintoexploremoredifficultcause-and-effectrelationships【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述批判性思維并非天生能力，兒童天生具有好奇心，其批判性思維會(huì)隨成長發(fā)展，還介紹了幫助孩子培養(yǎng)批判性思維的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Whilesomepeoplemayhaveanaturalinclination(傾向于)towardscriticalthinking,itisgenerallynotaninbornability.(雖然有些人可能天生傾向于批判性思維，但它通常不是一種與生俱來的能力)”指出批判性思維不是天生的。C選項(xiàng)“Itrequireseffort,practiceandthedevelopmentofasetofskills(它需要努力、實(shí)踐和一系列技能的培養(yǎng))”進(jìn)一步說明批判性思維需要后天的努力和培養(yǎng)，與上文邏輯緊密相連，解釋了不是天生能力后該如何獲得它。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Childrenarebornwithcuriositythatdrivesthemtoquestionandanalyzetheworld,andbeginsearlyinlife.(孩子們天生就有好奇心，這種好奇心驅(qū)使他們質(zhì)疑和分析世界，而且這種情況在生命早期就開始了)”強(qiáng)調(diào)孩子的好奇心。F選項(xiàng)“Fromthemomentchildrenbegintospeak,oneoftheirfavoritewordsis‘why’(從孩子們開始說話的那一刻起，他們最喜歡說的詞之一就是‘為什么’)”具體體現(xiàn)了孩子因好奇而愛問“為什么”，是對(duì)上文孩子好奇心的具體舉例說明。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Youngchildrenhaveanunsatisfiedcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem,constantlyseekingexplanationsandunderstanding.(年幼的孩子對(duì)周圍的世界有著永不滿足的好奇心，不斷尋求解釋和理解)”闡述了孩子的好奇心特點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“Thisdesiretoquestionandlearnisabasicfeatureofhumannature(這種質(zhì)疑和學(xué)習(xí)的欲望是人性的一個(gè)基本特征)”對(duì)上文孩子的好奇心進(jìn)行總結(jié)升華，指出這是人性的基本特征。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Toddlers(蹣跚學(xué)步者)mayaskbasic‘why’questionsaboutimmediateobservations.(蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子可能會(huì)針對(duì)眼前的觀察提出基本的‘為什么’問題)”說明了幼兒提問的特點(diǎn)。G選項(xiàng)“Butolderchildrenbegintoexploremoredifficultcauseandeffectrelationships(但年齡較大的孩子開始探索更復(fù)雜的因果關(guān)系)”與上文形成對(duì)比，體現(xiàn)出隨著孩子成長，提問內(nèi)容的變化，展示了批判性思維的發(fā)展。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】下文“Byprovidingthoughtfulanswersandinspiringfurtherexploration,adultscanhelpstrengthencriticalthinkingskills.(通過提供深思熟慮的答案并激發(fā)進(jìn)一步的探索，成年人可以幫助加強(qiáng)批判性思維能力)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了成年人在孩子批判性思維培養(yǎng)中的作用。E選項(xiàng)“Parentsandeducatorsplayanimportantroleinchildren’snaturalcuriosity(家長和教育工作者在孩子的天生好奇心方面起著重要作用)”引出下文成年人的作用，點(diǎn)明了家長和教育工作者的重要角色。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Paulwasbornintoapoorfamily,buthewasoneoftheluckyboyswhoreceivedagood___21___withthehelpofhiscommunity.Sowhenhegraduatedfromuniversity,he___22___tobecomeateacherandfollowedhishearttohelpothers.Oneday,PaulaccidentallyfoundJack,a10-year-oldboy,___23___aroundashoppingcenteraimlessly.LearningthatJackdroppedoutofschoolbecauseofhismother’s___24___health,whichusedupnearlyalltheirmoney,Pauldecidedto___25___.Paulcontactedthecommunity,which___26___toprovideJack’sfamilywithnecessaryhelp.Thecommunitystaff___27___Jack’smothersmalljobs,likecleaningupthesidewalksinexchangefor___28___.Besides,Paulhadbeennagging(嘮叨)abouttheimportanceofeducation.___29___,Jackagreedtoreturntoschool.Onthedaybeforeschool,JackvisitedPaul.LookingatPaulwith____30____eyes,Jackexpressedhisdeepestthanks,“Sir,Iwantyoutoknowhow____31____youare.InowbelievethatIcan____32____abovetheterriblesituationanddowhatseemsimpossible.That’sallbecauseofyour____33____help.”Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso____34____ifPaulrefusedtohelp.Luckily,thisisabeautifulstory!Loveislikethesun.Itwarmstheheart,brightensthesoulandhelpsaboywalktowardsabetter____35____.21.A.reputation B.experiment C.education D.operation22.A.decided B.happened C.hurried D.checked23.A.showing B.driving C.flying D.hanging24.A.special B.poor C.awesome D.previous25.A.backoff B.calmdown C.givein D.stepin26.A.promised B.attempted C.stopped D.refused27.A.taught B.showed C.told D.offered28.A.inspiration B.recognition C.pay D.respect29.A.Obviously B.Normally C.Secretly D.Eventually30.A.watery B.sharp C.sleepy D.anxious31.A.wonderful B.confident C.peaceful D.honest32.A.appear B.rise C.wait D.maintain33.A.intelligent B.energetic C.generous D.slight34.A.perfectly B.exactly C.differently D.slowly35.A.school B.future C.job D.lifestyle【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.D30.A31.A32.B33.C34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是在社區(qū)的幫助下接受了良好教育的Paul在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后決定成為一名教師，跟隨自己的心去幫助別人，在他的幫助下因貧困輟學(xué)的Paul走出困境，重返校園?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：保羅出生在一個(gè)貧窮的家庭，但他是幸運(yùn)的男孩之一，在社區(qū)的幫助下接受了良好的教育。A.reputation名聲；B.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；C.education教育；D.operation手術(shù)。根據(jù)下文“hegraduatedfr