浙江省寧波市九校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題 含解析

寧波市2024學(xué)年期末九校聯(lián)考高二英語試題第一學(xué)期本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobablynow?A.Atschool. B.Inahospital. C.Athome.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whenwillyougobacktoschool,Lisa?W:MaybenextMonday.ThedoctorsaidI’mrecoveringfast.I’llbeabletogobackhomesoon.M:I’mverygladtohearthat.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Torescheduleameeting. B.Toconfirmaninterview. C.Tocancelanappointment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,thisisMarcus.I’dliketospeaktoMs.Turnerplease.W:I’msorry.Ms.Turnerisoutoftheoffice.Wouldyouliketoleaveamessage?M:Yes,Ms.Turnerisscheduledforaninterviewwithmetomorrowat9a.m.I’djustliketomakesureofit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Sticktoherweeklyschedule.B.Workatthecommunitypart-time.C.Balancestudyandvoluntarywork.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’dliketosignupforweeklyvoluntarywork.Ihearit’sagreatactivitytoconnectwiththecommunity.M:Itsureis,butobviouslyyou’llhavetoputinalotofhours.Youmustleavesomeroomforschedulingyourstudytime.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydotomorrowafternoon?A.Seeadoctor. B.Meetherbrother. C.Watchafilm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Doyouhaveanyspecialplansfortomorrow?Ifyou’dlike,Icantreatyoutothemoviestomorrowafternoon.W:Well,Ihaveadoctor’sappointmentatnoon,andI’mgoingtohavedinnerwithmybrotheratseven.Icouldprobablyenjoyamovieinbetween,sinceit’syourtreat.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thedifferencesindiet. B.Theman’saccent. C.Thewoman’sfavoritefood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iknowfromyouraccentthatyou’refromthesouth.ForallIknow,southernersprefercookedrice,whilenorthernerslovethefoodmadeofwheatflour.M:Yes.IhadahardtimegettingusedtothefoodwhenIfirstcamehere.第二節(jié):(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhatdidthemandowhenhemetClaire?A.Heboughthersomething. B.Hestoppedtotalktoher. C.Hewavedhishandtoher.7.WhereisClaireprobablyworkingnow?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inaschool. C.Inabank.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:IsawClairetheotherdayinthesupermarket.Shelookedgood.M:Oh,Isawheratthestationlasttime,butmytrainwaspullinginsoIcouldn’tstoptotalk.Ijustwavedandwenttocatchmytrain.W:Yeah.Shetoldmewhathappenedthatday.M:Well,isshestillworkingforthebank?W:NoShehasanewjob.Iguessshemustbecorrectingherstudents’papersnow.M:Goodforher.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatkindofgamearethespeakerswatching?A.Basketball. B.Badminton. C.Football.9.Whathappenedjustnow?A.Thecompetitionfinished.B.Someonealmostmadeascore.C.Thewoman’steamwonthegame.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:It’ssocold.Youmustreallylovethisgametocomestandingheretowatchyourteameveryweek.W:IlovemyteamandI’malwaystherewhenevertheyplay.Iwon’tletabitofbadweatherstopmewatchingthem.M:Well,Icouldn’tdothiseveryweek.I’veneverbeenmuchofafootballfan.W:Didn’tyouplaywhenyouwereatschool?M:Alittlebit,butIwasmoreintobasketballandbadminton.W:Idoactuallyenjoyplayingbadminton.Itookpartinafewschoolcompetitions.M:Youmusthavebeengood.W:Maybe.OrmaybeIwasjustthebestofabadlot.Anyway,Ienjoyedit...Hey,we’remissingthegamebytalking.M:Whathappened?Didsomebodyscore?W:No,butitwasanearthing.Let’sconcentratenow.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Totrackabooking. B.Tomakeareservation. C.Topostponeanappointment.11.Whendoesthemanwantthepartytoend?A.At9:30p.m. B.At10:30p.m. C.At11:30p.m.12.WhatcanthemanenjoyonSaturdaynight?A.Welcomedrinks. B.Amealdiscount. C.Afreetourofthepark.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:DolphinWonders.ThisisMary.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hello,thisisLarryfromSpeakersInternational.Imainlywanttomakeafollow-uponourreservationforourcompany’sanniversaryparty.W:Oh,yes.We’vealreadyreservedthebanquethallunderyourname.Itwillstartat6:30onSaturdaynightandlastforfivehours,right?M:Well,nowthepartywillonlylastforfourhourssothatthecolleaguescanhaveagoodrest.W:That’sokay.M:Bytheway,dowegetamealdiscountifourgroupreaches500people?Andcanwehaveafreetourofthepark?W:Well,weonlygivediscountstogroupsof1,000ormore,butyoudogetwelcomedrinks.Regardingthetour,theparkhasbeentemporarilyclosedbecauseitisbeingrebuilt.M:Isee.Thankyouverymuch.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatwasthemandoingbeforetheconversation?A.Listeningtomusic. B.Sendingamessage. C.Watchingadocumentary.14.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Classmates. B.Fellowworkers. C.Familymembers.15.WhatwillRobertpreparefortheparty?A.Food. B.Flowers. C.Juice16.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Gototheairport. B.Sharegreatnews. C.Makeaphonecall.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Igotamessage...Hey,man!Wouldyoupleasetakeoffyourearphones?M:Sorry.Iwasjustenjoyingapleasantsong.It’sfromadocumentarythatIwatchedyesterday.Oh,whatdidyousay,honey?W:IsaidIgotamessagefromRobertthatourneighborDaisyiscomingbackfromabroad.M:Really?Wehaven’tseenDaisyforabouttwoyearssincesheworkedabroad.W:Yes,shehasbeenbacktoworkinAmerica.M:That’sgreatnews.Howaboutthrowingapartyforher?W:Ithinkso.Robertisofthesamemind.HesaidhewouldprepareflowersforDaisy.M:Good,I’llbuythefood.W:ThenI’llbringsomeofDaisy’sfavoritejuice.M:OK.I’dliketoringDaisynowandaskherabouttheexacttimeofherreturnsoastopickherupattheairportthen.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Leavingamessage. B.Givingaspeech. C.Writinganote.18.WhydoesthespeakercometoDavid’stown?A.TovisitDavid’sfamily. B.Toattendameeting. C.Tospendhisholiday.19.Whereisthespeakerlookingforwardtogoing?A.Tohisschool. B.ToItaly. C.Totheairport20.WhocouldCatherineprobablybe?A.Tim’sdaughter. B.Tim’swife. C.David’swife.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】David,thisisTim,youroldcollegeclassmate.Howiseverythinggoing?I’mintownforameeting.IwouldhavecalledbeforeIcame,butthemeetingwassupposedtolastallday,andIdidn’tthinkI’dhavetimetotalktoyou.Itturnsoutthatthemeetingendedearly.I’mhopingwecouldgettogetherforawhile,butmyplanebacktoColumbusleavesat8:30.Weareallfine.Ellielikeshernewjob.Ourkidsaredoingwellinschool.WearegoingtoItalyonholidaythisyear.I’mlookingforwardtogoingbackthereagain.RememberwhatagreattimewehadwhenyouandIwentin2014?IhopeIcanfindthatgreatrestaurantupinthehills.Rememberit?Anyway,wewereexcitedaboutthetrip.IhopeyouandCatherineareOK.Well,Idon’tknowwhatelsetosayonthemachine,soIguessI’llhangupnow.I’lltrytogiveyouanothercallfromtheairportbeforeIleave.ReallysorryImissedyou.GivemylovetoCatherine.Takecare.Bye!第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié):(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AParticipatinginartcompetitionsisessentialforstudentstogainformalrecognitionandimpresscollegeadmissionofficers.Today,wehavealistofartcompetitionsonregional,national,andinternationalscales.EarthXEco-ArtCompetitionItinvitesyoungartistsaged5-22tocreate2-Dor3-Dartthatillustratesthetheme:ProtectorsforthePlanet.Thethemecanbeinterpretedinvariousways,includingindividualstakingactiontowardsamoresustainableplanet,orhighlightingtheeffortsofenvironmentalleadersworkingtosustainecosystems.Deadline:March8,2024TheChildren’sDrawingContestSponsoredbyInternationalCertificationOrganizationNetwork,thecontest,whosethemethisyearis“PassingonOurPreciousEarthtoTheFuture”,inviteschildrenaged7-15worldwidetodrawthekindofnaturalenvironmenttheywouldliketolivein.48winnerswillreceivespecialmemorabilia.Allentrantswillreceiveaparticipationprize.Medium:Drawingswithanytypeofpaint,pastel,etc.Deadline:May31,2024SciencewithoutBordersChallengeThecompetitionisopentochildrenandyoungpeopleundertheageof16.Wewelcomeentriesfrombothgroupsandindividualstocreatearttopromotepublicawarenessoftheneedtopreserve,protect,andrestorenature.Thethemeis“TheSixthExtinction”andyoucanfocusontheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Acceptablemediaincludepaint,pencil,marker,crayon,ink,felt,andoilpastel.Deadline:March4,2024TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsTheScholasticArtandWritingAwards,thelongest-runningliteraryandartcompetitionintheUS,providesopportunitiesandacademicawardsforcreativeyoungpeopletoexpresstheirtalent.Thethemethisyearis“TellYourClimateStory”.Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheirunderstandingofenvironmentalissues.Deadline:June10,202421.OnwhichdatecanparticipantssendtheirentriestoEarthXEco-ArtCompetition?A.May6,2024. B.March15,2024. C.April28,2024. D.February9,2024.22.Whichcompetitionbestsuitsteenagersgoodatwritingpoems?A.EarthXEco-ArtCompetition. B.TheChildren’sDrawingContest.C.SciencewithoutBordersChallenge. D.TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards.23.Whatdothefourcompetitionshaveincommon?A.Theytargetstudentsundertheageof20. B.Theyareaboutenvironmentalprotection.C.Theyrequireparticipantstowriteastory. D.Theyonlyacceptentriesfromindividuals.【答案】21.D22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)藝術(shù)比賽的情況。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EarthXEco-ArtCompetition部分中“Deadline:March8,2024(截止日期：2024年3月8日)”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，參賽者可于2024年2月9日遞交參賽作品予EarthX生態(tài)藝術(shù)比賽。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards部分中“Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheirunderstandingofenvironmentalissues.(9至12年級(jí)的學(xué)生可以提交詩歌、小說和非小說類作品，以展示他們對(duì)環(huán)境問題的理解)”可知，TheScholasticArtandWritingAwards最適合擅長寫詩的青少年。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段部分“Thethemecanbeinterpretedinvariousways,includingindividualstakingactiontowardsamoresustainableplanet,orhighlightingtheeffortsofenvironmentalleadersworkingtosustainecosystems.(這一主題可以有多種解釋，包括個(gè)人為實(shí)現(xiàn)更可持續(xù)地球而采取的行動(dòng)，或強(qiáng)調(diào)致力于維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的努力)”；第二部分“SponsoredbyInternationalCertificationOrganizationNetwork,thecontest,whosethemethisyearis“PassingonOurPreciousEarthtoTheFuture”,inviteschildrenaged7-15worldwidetodrawthekindofnaturalenvironmenttheywouldliketolivein.(該比賽由國際認(rèn)證組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)主辦，今年的主題是“把我們珍貴的地球留給未來”，邀請(qǐng)世界各地7-15歲的兒童畫出他們想要生活的自然環(huán)境)”；第三部分“Wewelcomeentriesfrombothgroupsandindividualstocreatearttopromotepublicawarenessoftheneedtopreserve,protect,andrestorenature.(我們歡迎團(tuán)體或個(gè)人參賽，創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品，以提高公眾對(duì)保存、保護(hù)和恢復(fù)自然的意識(shí))”以及第四部分“Studentsinthe9thto12thgradescansubmitpoetry,fictionandnonfictiontoshowtheirunderstandingofenvironmentalissues.(9至12年級(jí)的學(xué)生可以提交詩歌、小說和非小說類作品，以展示他們對(duì)環(huán)境問題的理解)”可知，這四項(xiàng)比賽的共同之處在于都是關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的。故選B。BCaiLei,formervice-presidentofJDGroup,revealshowamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)diagnosis(診斷)sethimonthepathtofindacure.Borntoafarmer’sfamilyin1978,Caihasbeendeeplyinfluencedbyhisfather’sideathat“onehastofightforhimself”.Sinceprimaryschool,hehasbeengettingupbefore5amtorunandstudyEnglish.At29,CaibecamechieftaxmanagerinVankeCo.In2011,hejoinedJDGroup,whereheledhisteamtodevelopthefirstelectronicinvoice(發(fā)票)inChina.Whereverheworked,healwaystriedhisbesttocreatenewvalue.DiagnosedwithALSin2019,hewouldhaveonlytwotofiveyearstolive.ALSisusuallycausedbythegradualdeathofmotorneurons(神經(jīng)元),whichmakesnormallyeasymovementslikedrinkingwater,eating,goingtothebathroom,andspeakingimpossible.Finally,patientswillcompletelyrelyonmachinesandothers’helptosurvive.Sofar,onlytwomedicinesareavailabletotreatALS,buttheycanatmostextendpatients’lifeforseveralmonthswithoutimprovingtheirlivingquality.TodevelopeffectivedrugsistheonlywaytosaveALSpatients.However,theintenseeffortrequired,whichisunprofitableforsorareanillness,makesitamissionalmostimpossible.Itusuallytakes10-15yearstocompletetheresearchcycleforanewdrugandthecostis$1-3billion.TakeAlzheimer’sdiseaseforexample.Between2000and2017,investmentinnewdrugsforthismorecommondiseasewasover$600billion,and99.6%oftheresearchonmorethan300drugsfailed.Caidecidedtotakemattersintohisownhands.Hestartedhisownmedicaltechnologycompany,builthisownresearchteam,andvolunteeredtotrymorethan30newmedicineswhichallfailed.However,hehasdecidedthatevenifalleffortsprovefruitless,hewillcontinue.Toshootthelastbullet,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbrainandspinalcordforscientificresearch.Hewillnotdiefornothing.24.WhatkindofpersonisCaiLei?A.Extremelygiftedandambitious.B.Hard-workingandwarm-hearted.C.Quiteresponsibleanddependable.D.Highlymotivatedandstrong-willed.25.WhatmighthappentopeoplediagnosedwithALS?A.Losingtheabilitytothinkandspeaknormally.B.Maintaininganormallifebytakingmedicines.C.Dyingwithinmonthsofaconfirmeddiagnosis.D.Needingexternalassistancetosurviveintheend.26.WhyisAlzheimer’sdiseasementionedinparagraph4?A.TotalkabouttheseverityofAlzheimer.B.ToproveAlzheimertobeacommondisease.C.ToexplainthedifficultyoffindingacureforALS.D.ToaskformoreinvestmentintheresearchonALS.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JointeffortstofightALS B.AmanwhonevergivesinC.ASL,araredeadlydisease D.SufferingofamanwithALS【答案】24.D25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了京東集團(tuán)前副總裁蔡磊因肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥(ALS）走上了尋找治療方法的道路?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到了蔡磊的事跡“Borntoafarmer’sfamilyin1978,Caihasbeendeeplyinfluencedbyhisfather’sideathat“onehastofightforhimself”.Sinceprimaryschool,hehasbeengettingupbefore5amtorunandstudyEnglish.At29,CaibecamechieftaxmanagerinVankeCo.In2011,hejoinedJDGroup,whereheledhisteamtodevelopthefirstelectronicinvoice(發(fā)票)inChina.Whereverheworked,healwaystriedhisbesttocreatenewvalue.”（蔡先生1978年出生在一個(gè)農(nóng)民家庭，他深受父親“人要為自己奮斗”的思想的影響。從小學(xué)開始，他一直在早上5點(diǎn)前起床跑步和學(xué)習(xí)英語。29歲時(shí)，他成為萬科公司的首席稅務(wù)經(jīng)理。2011年，他加入京東集團(tuán)，在那里他帶領(lǐng)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了中國第一個(gè)電子發(fā)票。無論他在哪里工作，他總是盡力創(chuàng)造新的價(jià)值）可知，蔡磊不受自己家庭的影響，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，并且在工作的時(shí)候也努力地為公司創(chuàng)造價(jià)值，說明他是一個(gè)有著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的，且有著強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)機(jī)的人。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ALSisusuallycausedbythegradualdeathofmotorneurons(神經(jīng)元),whichmakesnormallyeasymovementslikedrinkingwater,eating,goingtothebathroom,andspeakingimpossible.Finally,patientswillcompletelyrelyonmachinesandothers’helptosurvive.”（肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥通常是由運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元的逐漸死亡引起的，這使得像喝水、吃飯、上廁所和說話等正常的簡單運(yùn)動(dòng)變得不可能。最后，病人將完全依賴機(jī)器和其他人的幫助來生存）可知，患上ALS的人在后期會(huì)逐漸喪失運(yùn)動(dòng)能力，連最基本的功能都喪失，需要借助外在的幫助才能生存下去。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However,theintenseeffortrequired,whichisunprofitableforsorareanillness,makesitamissionalmostimpossible.Itusuallytakes10-15yearstocompletetheresearchcycleforanewdrugandthecostis$1-3billion.”（然而，對(duì)于一種如此罕見的疾病，所需要的巨大努力是無利可圖的，這使得這項(xiàng)任務(wù)幾乎不可能完成。一種新藥的研究周期通常需要10-15年，成本為13億美元。）和“TakeAlzheimer’sdiseaseforexample.Between2000and2017,investmentinnewdrugsforthismorecommondiseasewasover$600billion,and99.6%oftheresearchonmorethan300drugsfailed.”（以老年癡呆癥為例，2000年至2017年期間，針對(duì)這種更常見疾病的新藥投資超過6000億美元，300多種藥物的研究中有99.6%失敗。）可知，該段提到了研發(fā)阿爾茲海默癥藥品的資金投入，并且在這些研究中失敗的概率；由此可知，針對(duì)罕見病來研發(fā)藥物這條路即需要投入大量的資金，又需要承擔(dān)高失敗率的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，研發(fā)特效藥的過程是非常不容易的，因此針對(duì)ALS罕見病的藥物研發(fā)也是十分不容易的。因此推測(cè)，第四段中提到阿爾茲海默癥的原因是為了解釋找到ALS治療方法的困難之處。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“CaiLei,formervice-presidentofJDGroup,revealshowamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)diagnosis(診斷)sethimonthepathtofindacure.”（京東集團(tuán)前副總裁蔡磊透露，肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥(ALS)的診斷如何讓他踏上了尋找治療方法的道路。）總起介紹了罹患ALS的蔡磊開始尋找能夠治療這種疾病的方法，第二段通過他的事跡側(cè)面描寫了他是一個(gè)有著強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)機(jī)且有著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志的人，最后一段提到“Caidecidedtotakemattersintohisownhands.”（蔡決定自己動(dòng)手。）以及“However,hehasdecidedthatevenifalleffortsprovefruitless,hewillcontinue.Toshootthelastbullet,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbrainandspinalcordforscientificresearch.Hewillnotdiefornothing.”（然而，他已經(jīng)決定，即使所有的努力都是徒勞的，他也會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。為了打最后一顆子彈，他決定捐獻(xiàn)自己的大腦和脊髓用于科學(xué)研究。他不會(huì)白死的）可知，他為這個(gè)疾病的治療方法付出了很多，哪怕是死后捐獻(xiàn)自己的身體也在所不惜，即他是一個(gè)永不言棄，永不向疾病投降的人。B項(xiàng)“Amanwhonevergivesin”（一個(gè)永不屈服的人）能很好地概括文章內(nèi)容，符合文意。故選B。CWeknowourworkplaceclothingchoicescanaffectwhatothersthinkusandinfluenceoursuccess.Dothosechoicesalsoshapeproductivitybyaffectinghowweseeourselves?ResearchersconductedtwoexperimentsintheUnitedStatesandafieldstudyinSouthKoreatoinvestigatethemeaningsemployeesassociatewiththeirdress.Inthefirstexperiment,participantsviewedphotosofdifferentoutfits(套裝)andindicatedwhattheythoughteachwouldconveyina“business-casual”office.Inthesecond,participantsfirstchangedintobusiness-casualclothingandthenintonewbusiness-casualoutfitstheyselectedtocorrespondwithoneofthreerandomlyassignedcharacteristics:aesthetics(美學(xué)),conformity(一致性).uniqueness.Acontrolgroupwasaskedtoselectanoutfitsimilartotheirfirstone.Allparticipantsweretoldtoimaginethattheyworkedatacompanywherepeoplecouldgenerallywearwhattheywantedtoandwheremostchoosebusiness-casualdress.Aftereachclothingchangetheyreportedonhowtheywouldfeelgoingtoworkinwhattheyhadon,whattheythoughttheirclothingwouldconvey,andtheirlevelofself-esteem(自尊).Theexperimentsshowedthatpeopleassociateclothinghighinaestheticswithpersonalattractivenessconformingclothingwithasensebelong,anduniqueclothingwithdistinctiveness.andrevealedthateachofthethreequalitiesraisedself-esteem.Thefieldstudyinvolved84white-col1aremployeeswhoworkedon-siteandwerefreetochoosetheirclothesTheyfilledoutthreequestionnairesdailyfor10days,reportingonwhattheywerewearing,theirself-esteem,theirinteractionswithcolleaguesandtheirproductivity.Aestheticanduniqueclothingboostedself-esteem,whichinturnboostedprogresstowardjobgoalsanddecreasedsocialavoidance.Dressconformityhadsimilareffects,butonlywhenemployeesfrequentlyinteractedwithcolleagues.“Investingalittleextratimeinthemorningtoprepareanoutfitthatisaestheticallypleasingandunique-and,ifinteractionswithothersareexpected,highlyconformingtoorganizationalstandards—canhaveameaningfulimpactonhowanemployeefeelsaboutthemselvesthroughouttheworkday,”theresearcherswrite.28.Theresearcherscarriedouttheexperimentstofindout______.A.whattypesofclothingemployeesliketowearB.whetheremployeescanchoosethedresstheylikeC.whydressconformityisrequiredintheworkplaceD.howemployeesfeelabouttheirworkplaceclothing29.Whatdidalltheparticipantsdointhesecondexperiment?A.Workatthesamecompany.B.Viewphotosofdifferentoutfits.C.Reporttheirfeelingsaboutclothes.D.Selectdressfromthreetypesrandomly.30.WhatcanweknowaboutthefindingsinParagraph4?A.Threeassignedtypeshavethesameeffects.B.Uniqueclothingcanincreasesocialavoidance.C.Conformingclothingcanstrengthencoworkers’bonds.D.Aestheticclothinghasmoreadvantagesoverothertypes.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TryDifferentDressStylesB.DressUpToBeMoreAttractiveC.WearProperClothesToFitInSocietyD.BeSmartAboutWorkplaceClothing【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在工作場(chǎng)所的著裝選擇會(huì)通過影響我們對(duì)自己的看法來塑造生產(chǎn)力?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“ResearchersconductedtwoexperimentsintheUnitedStatesandafieldstudyinSouthKoreatoinvestigatethemeaningsemployeesassociatewiththeirdress.(研究人員在美國進(jìn)行了兩項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在韓國進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)實(shí)地研究，以調(diào)查員工對(duì)著裝的看法。)”可知，研究人員進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)以找出員工對(duì)工作服的看法。故選D。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Aftereachclothingchangetheyreportedonhowtheywouldfeelgoingtoworkinwhattheyhadon,whattheythoughttheirclothingwouldconvey,andtheirlevelofself-esteem(自尊).(每次換完衣服后，他們都會(huì)報(bào)告自己穿著衣服去上班的感覺，他們認(rèn)為自己的衣服能傳達(dá)什么信息，以及他們的自尊水平。)”可知，在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，所有的參與者都要報(bào)告他們對(duì)衣服的感受。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Aestheticanduniqueclothingboostedself-esteem,whichinturnboostedprogresstowardjobgoalsanddecreasedsocialavoidance.Dressconformityhadsimilareffects,butonlywhenemployeesfrequentlyinteractedwithcolleagues.(美觀和獨(dú)特的服裝提升了自尊，這反過來又促進(jìn)了工作目標(biāo)的進(jìn)步，減少了社交回避。著裝規(guī)范也有類似的效果，但只有在員工經(jīng)常與同事互動(dòng)的情況下才會(huì)如此)”可知，關(guān)于第4段中的調(diào)查結(jié)果，我們能知道合身的衣服可以加強(qiáng)同事之間的聯(lián)系。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Weknowourworkplaceclothingchoicescanaffectwhatothersthinkusandinfluenceoursuccess.Dothosechoicesalsoshapeproductivitybyaffectinghowweseeourselves?(我們知道，我們?cè)诠ぷ鲌?chǎng)所的著裝選擇會(huì)影響別人對(duì)我們的看法，影響我們的成功。這些選擇是否也會(huì)通過影響我們對(duì)自己的看法來塑造生產(chǎn)力呢？)”可知，文章主要說明了在工作場(chǎng)所的著裝選擇會(huì)通過影響我們對(duì)自己的看法來塑造生產(chǎn)力，即在工作場(chǎng)合要明智地著裝，以塑造自己的生產(chǎn)力。因此D項(xiàng)“工作場(chǎng)所著裝要明智”可作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。DScientistshaveshownhowplantscanprotectthemselvesagainstgenetic(基因的)damagecausedbyenvironmentalstresses.Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(機(jī)制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.Plantshavesmallpopulationsofstemcells(干細(xì)胞)atthetipsoftheirrootsandshoots,whichenablethemtocontinuouslygrowandproducenewtissuesthroughouttheirlifetime.Thesestemcellsserveasancestorsforplanttissuesandorgans.However,anygeneticfaultspresentinthestemcellswillcontinuetoexistandbepassedonpermanentlythroughouttheplant’slife,whichcouldlastthousandsofyears.Giventhecriticalroleofstemcellsandtheirexposuretopotentiallydangerousenvironmentsatthegrowingtipsofrootsandshoots,safeguardsarenecessarytopreventstemcellfaultsfrombecomingfixed.ResearchersNickFulcherandRobertSablowski,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,aimedtouncovertheseprotectivemechanisms.ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthepropagationofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues.Thisprocesshassimilaritiestothesafeguardmechanismfoundinanimalcells,whichhasbeenbroadlystudiedduetoitsrelevanceinpreventingcancer.Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.32.Whatisthefunctionofthein-builtmechanisminplants?A.Toproducemorerootsandshoots. B.Toincreasetheoveralllifetimeoftheplant.C.Toenhanceplantgrowthandnutrientintake. D.Tostopgeneticfaultsinstemcellspassingon.33.Whatcanweknowaboutstemcellsinplantsaccordingtothetext?A.Theyarerelativelyabundantinquantity. B.Theyareresistanttoenvironmentalstresses.C.TheymakequickresponsetoDNAdamage. D.TheyhavetheabilitytorepairdamagedDNA.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagation”inparagraph4mean?A.Spread. B.Change. C.Existence. D.Self-repair.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Thewayofdealingwithclimatechangeontheearth.B.Thesignificanceofidentifyingtheprotectivesysteminplants.C.Themethodofensuringplantsurvivalunderenvironmentalstress.D.Theurgencyofdevelopingplantsthatcanhandleenvironmentalstress.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)展示了植物如何保護(hù)自己免受環(huán)境壓力造成的遺傳損害，即植物擁有內(nèi)建機(jī)制，來阻止干細(xì)胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(機(jī)制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.(植物的根和芽的生長尖端有一個(gè)內(nèi)置的機(jī)制，如果檢測(cè)到DNA損傷，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡，從而避免將有缺陷的DNA傳遞給下一代)”可知，植物內(nèi)建機(jī)制的功能是阻止干細(xì)胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。故選D。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.(通過涉及x射線和化學(xué)物質(zhì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)干細(xì)胞比其他細(xì)胞對(duì)DNA損傷更敏感)”可知，植物中的干細(xì)胞對(duì)DNA損傷做出快速反應(yīng)。故選C。【34題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthe”以及后文“ofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues”可知，當(dāng)DNA受損時(shí)，細(xì)胞有能力檢測(cè)到它，并導(dǎo)致程序化細(xì)胞死亡，防止受損的遺傳密碼傳播到植物組織的其他部分。故劃線詞意思是“傳播”。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.(在植物中發(fā)現(xiàn)類似的保護(hù)系統(tǒng)在植物發(fā)育領(lǐng)域具有重要意義。它還幫助科學(xué)家培育出能夠更好地應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境壓力的植物。因此，了解植物如何應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓力對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化具有重要意義)”可知，最后一段的重點(diǎn)是識(shí)別植物保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的意義。故選B。第二節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DiscoveringYourTrueSelfIsVitaltoHappiness!Haveyoufoundfocusingonyourselfisatthebottomoftheto-dolist,becauseyoufeeleveryoneelseinyourlifecomesfirst?____36____Nowisexactlytheperfecttimetogettoknowyourselfinordertounderstandyourself.Thisisn’tjustaboutidentifyingyourfavoriteoutfit,haircutorflavoroficecream.____37____It’sanopportunityforpersonalgrowththatcanhelpyoumakebetterchoicesforyourwellbeingandlifelonghappiness.Therearemanytoolstohelpyoudevelopadeepersenseofyourself,includingjournalingandotherformsofcreativeexpression.Youcanuseaguidedjournaltoexploreyourthoughtsandfeelingsorjustfreewritewhatevercomestomind.It’suptoyouwhatyouwanttodo.____38____.____39____Takenoteofhowyourespondtopeople,whatmakesyouhappy,andwhatmakesyouunhappy.Thiscanhelpyouidentifypatterns