河北省石家莊市長(zhǎng)安區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省石家莊市長(zhǎng)安區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheMostMagicalChristmasCitiesintheUSAPrescott,AZPrescotthasnoshortageofChristmasfestivitiesduringtheholidayseason,makingitafun,memorableplacetovisitinthewintermonths.OnthefirstSaturdayofDecember,PrescotthostsanannualChristmasParadeandCourthouseLighting.Onceitgetsdark,youcangatheraroundtheCourthousetowatchthemagicallightsturnontokickofftheholidayseason.Leavenworth,WAOneofthemostmagicalplacestocelebratethespiritofChristmasisintheBavarian-themedtownofLeavenworth,WA.WithoverhalfamillionChristmaslights,youaresuretobeimpressed.SeeSt.NikolasandvisittheLeavenworthReindeerfarmwhenthereindeeraretakingabreakfromflyingpractice.Reserveanafternoonsleighrideorgosleddingrightonthehillsalongthemain-street.Chicago,ILChicagoisoneofthemostfestiveUScitiesduringChristmas.YoucanfindmanyholidayactivitiesandeventsincludinganauthenticChristmasmarket,holidaylightdisplays,andmore.OneofthetopthingstodoistovisitChristkindlmarketwhereyoucanpurchasedecorationsandgifts.OtherfunactivitiesincludeskatingatoutdoorskatingrinksandridingonaChristmas-themedtrain.NewYorkCityNewYorkCityisoneofthemosticonicandmagicalChristmascitiesintheUSA.ThereareanendlessnumberofChristmasfestivitiestopartakeinandsitestosee.Somemust-seeattractionsincludetheRockefellerCenterChristmasTreeandthelightshowacrossthestreetatSaksFifthAvenue.Alsolocatedinmidtownarethefamousholidaywindowdisplaysandbuildingdecorations.1.Whichcityisrecommendedforsleddinglovers?A.Prescott. B.Leavenworth. C.Chicago. D.NewYorkCity.2.Whatdothelistedplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyhavelightdisplays.B.Theyhostwintersportsevents.C.TheyhaveChristmasmarkets.D.Theyhaveholidaywindowdisplays.3.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Business. B.Sports. C.Nature. D.Travel.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)最具魔幻色彩的圣誕城市?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Leavenworth,WA部分中的“Reserveanafternoonsleighrideorgosleddingrightonthehillsalongthemain-street.(預(yù)定一個(gè)下午的雪橇之旅，或者沿著主要街道去山上滑雪)”可知，對(duì)于喜歡滑雪橇的人來說，利文沃斯（Leavenworth）是推薦的城市。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prescott,AZ部分中的“Onceitgetsdark,youcangatheraroundtheCourthousetowatchthemagicallightsturnontokickofftheholidayseason.(夜幕降臨后，你可以聚集在法院周圍，觀看神奇的燈光點(diǎn)亮，拉開節(jié)日的序幕)”；Leavenworth,WA部分中的“WithoverhalfamillionChristmaslights,youaresuretobeimpressed.(這里有超過50萬盞圣誕彩燈，你一定會(huì)印象深刻)”；Chicago,IL部分中的“YoucanfindmanyholidayactivitiesandeventsincludinganauthenticChristmasmarket,holidaylightdisplays,andmore.(你可以找到許多節(jié)日活動(dòng)和事件，包括一個(gè)真正的圣誕市場(chǎng)，節(jié)日燈展，等等)”以及NewYorkCity部分中的“Somemust-seeattractionsincludetheRockefellerCenterChristmasTreeandthelightshowacrossthestreetatSaksFifthAvenue.(一些必看的景點(diǎn)包括洛克菲勒中心的圣誕樹和街對(duì)面薩克斯第五大道的燈光秀)”可知，這些地方的共同點(diǎn)是它們都有燈光展示。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題TheMostMagicalChristmasCitiesintheUSA及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)最具魔幻色彩的圣誕城市及其在圣誕節(jié)期間的特色活動(dòng)和景點(diǎn)。由此推知，這篇文章最有可能來自報(bào)紙的旅游板塊。故選D。BAprimaryschoolhasannouncedthatitnolongerrequiresparentstosigntheirchildren’shomework.Anewspapercomments:Puttinganendtotherequirementthatparentssignthehomeworkoftheirchildreneasestheburdenonmanyparents,asotherwisetheywouldhavetodoprimaryschoolhomeworkafterahardday’swork.Butthereareworriesthatifparentsstopsigningtheirchildren’shomework,thechildrenwillnotgetgoodgrades.However,themostefficientwayforchildrentostudyistocultivatetheirwillingnesstolearnanddotheirownstudies.Whendoinghomework,studentspracticeandhopefullyapplywhattheyhavelearned.Trueteachersaresupposedtocheckstudents’homeworkandidentifytheirmistakes.Butsomeparentscorrecttheirchildren’smistakesbythemselveswhensigningthehomework.Itisstudents’dutytodotheirhomework,beresponsiblefortheirstudiesandcorrecttheirmistakes.Parentssupervisingtheirhomework,checkingtheiranswersanddealingwiththeharderproblemswillonlymakechildrenlessawareoftheirmistakesandencouragethemtowaitfortheirparents’helpwhentheyfaceanyproblems.Childrenhavetomanagetheirownlearninganddeveloptheabilitytostudybythemselves,ascompetencewillnotbeachievedifastudentsimplyrepeatsrigidtasksinwhichheisassistedatschoolbyteachersandathomebyparents.AnexperimentconductedbyAmericanpsychologistWalterMischelinthe1960sprovedthatchildrenwithbetterself-disciplineperformedbetterintheirstudiesandrelationships.Thereislittledoubtthatparents’supervisioncanmakechildren’shomeworkbetter.Butitdoesnotgivechildrenthechancetosolveproblemsindependently.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheannouncement?A.Parentsdon’tsupportit. B.Itmakeseveryonepleased.C.Itmakesparentsworried. D.Itreducesparents’burdens.5.What’sthemostefficientwayforchildrentostudy?A.Teacherscheckstudents’homework.B.Parentssigntheirchildren’shomework.C.Childrenarewillingtolearnbythemselves.D.Parentssupervisetheirchildren’shomework.6.Whatwillhappentochildrenifparentssupervisetheirhomework?A.Theywilllackconfidence. B.Theymayfeelgreatpressure.C.Theywillbemoreindependent. D.Theymaynotrealizetheirmistakes.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoparentssigningtheirchildren’shomework?A.Opposed. B.Neutral. C.Optimistic. D.Unconcerned.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了一家報(bào)紙針對(duì)學(xué)校是否該叫停家長(zhǎng)給學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)簽字的要求發(fā)表了看法的事情?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Anewspapercomments:Puttinganendtotherequirementthatparentssignthehomeworkoftheirchildreneasestheburdenonmanyparents,asotherwisetheywouldhavetodoprimaryschoolhomeworkafterahardday’swork.(報(bào)紙?jiān)u論：取消要求家長(zhǎng)簽署孩子作業(yè)的規(guī)定減輕了許多家長(zhǎng)的負(fù)擔(dān)，否則他們必須在辛苦工作一天后做小學(xué)的作業(yè))”可知，這一公告將減輕父母的負(fù)擔(dān)。故選D。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,themostefficientwayforchildrentostudyistocultivatetheirwillingnesstolearnanddotheirownstudies.(然而，對(duì)孩子來說，最高效的學(xué)習(xí)方式是培養(yǎng)他們的學(xué)習(xí)意愿并讓他們自主學(xué)習(xí))”可知，最有效的學(xué)習(xí)方式就是學(xué)生自己愿意且獨(dú)立地學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Parentssupervisingtheirhomework,checkingtheiranswersanddealingwiththeharderproblemswillonlymakechildrenlessawareoftheirmistakesandencouragethemtowaitfortheirparents’helpwhentheyfaceanyproblems.(家長(zhǎng)監(jiān)督孩子做作業(yè)，檢查答案并處理較難的問題，只會(huì)讓孩子對(duì)自己的錯(cuò)誤不夠敏感，并在遇到任何問題時(shí)鼓勵(lì)他們等待父母的幫助)”可知，家長(zhǎng)監(jiān)督孩子寫作業(yè)會(huì)使孩子更少意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thereislittledoubtthatparents’supervisioncanmakechildren’shomeworkbetter.Butitdoesnotgivechildrenthechancetosolveproblemsindependently.(毫無疑問，父母的監(jiān)督可以讓孩子更好地完成作業(yè)。但它并沒有給孩子獨(dú)立解決問題的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然家長(zhǎng)的監(jiān)督能讓孩子的作業(yè)做得更好，但這會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子沒有機(jī)會(huì)獨(dú)立解決問題。由此可推知，作者對(duì)這一做法持反對(duì)態(tài)度。故選A。CEnvisionafuturisticrooftopgardensoastutethatitiscapableofdiscerningtheoptimalmomentstohoardwaterinanticipationofaridconditions,andwhentoexpelwatertoavertinundation.Now,suchintelligentroofsaretransitioningfromtherealmoffantasytorealityintheNetherlands.Withasubstantialportionofthenationsituatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshaslongbeenacquaintedwiththeperilsofflooding.Theadventofclimatechangehasusheredinaneraofmoreextrememeteorologicalphenomena,includingtorrentialdownpoursandperiodsofdrought,compellingthecityofAmsterdamtocontemplatenovelstrategiesforself-preservation,anditiswithinthiscontextthatResilioemergesasapivotalplayer.Aspertheassertionsontheirofficialwebsite,Resilioisengagedintheconstructionofblue-greenroofsacrosstheexpanseofAmsterdam.Inconjunctionwiththelocalgovernmentalauthorities,fromtheyears2018throughto2022,theyhaveinstalledspecializedroofingsystemsintheneighborhoodsofAmsterdamthataremostvulnerabletotheravagesofflooddamage.Theseroofsarecomposedofamultitudeofstrata.Paramountamongtheselayersisthewaterretentionlayer.Duringepisodesofcopiousrainfall,thislayerservestoaccumulatetherainwaterthatwouldotherwiseinundatethestreets,andintimesofdrought,itchannelsitsstoredwatertonourishthegardensituatedontheuppermostlayer.Itisthisparticularlayerthatdistinguishestheblue-greenroofsfromtheirconventionalgreencounterparts.Researchindicatesthatblue-greenroofspossessthecapacitytocaptureasmuchas97%ofextremerainfall,instarkcontrasttothemere12%thatregulargreenroofscanretain.However,whattrulysetsResilioroofsapartistheirsophisticatedsystems.Anarrayofblue-greenroofsareinterconnectedviaadigitalcommunicationnetwork,therebyenablingeachrooftobemanipulatedindependently,respondingtothevolumeofwateramassedonthatspecificroofasthesituationdemands.EachroofisalsoequippedwithavalvethatislinkedtoacomputerizedsystemknownastheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).TheDSSinterfaceswithlocalweatherprognosticationstodeterminewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldbeopened,allowingwatertobedischargedinacontrolledandgradualmannerintotheseweragesystem,orwhetheritshouldremainsealedtocollecttheimpendingrain.TheseinnovationsarethehallmarksthatrenderResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Blue-greenroofsexemplifythattheremediestothehazardsposedbyclimatechangenecessitateablendofcreativityandamultifacetedapproach,operatingonvariouslevelstomitigatetheadverseeffectsofourchangingenvironment.8.WhatmaydirectlyleadtothebuildingofResilioroofsinAmsterdam?A.Theincreasingdisasters. B.Thecity’sfinancialsuffering.C.Theever-risingsealevel. D.Thecity’sgeographicadvantage.9.WhatdoweknowaboutthewaterretentionlayerofResilioroofs?A.Theyareslowtodrought. B.Theyareabsolutelyperfect.C.Theyserveadoublepurpose. D.Theycantrapsolarenergy.10.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheDSSaccordingtothetext?A.Tocollectweatherinformation. B.Tocontroltheuseofthevalve.C.Tohelpthesewersystemwork. D.Toconnectthedigitalnetwork.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.SmartroofsystemsbecomingarealityinAucklandB.Resilioblue-greenroofsystemspreventingdisastersC.Theworkingprincipleoftheblue-greenroofsystemsD.ThedifferencesbetweenResilioroofsandregulargreenroofs【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了荷蘭阿姆斯特丹的Resilio公司如何通過建設(shè)藍(lán)綠屋頂系統(tǒng)來應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化帶來的洪水和干旱問題?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theadventofclimatechangehasusheredinaneraofmoreextrememeteorologicalphenomena,includingtorrentialdownpoursandperiodsofdrought,compellingthecityofAmsterdamtocontemplatenovelstrategiesforself-preservation,anditiswithinthiscontextthatResilioemergesasapivotalplayer.(氣候變化的到來開啟了一個(gè)更極端氣象現(xiàn)象的時(shí)代，包括暴雨和干旱期，迫使阿姆斯特丹市考慮新的自我保護(hù)策略，Resilio在這一背景下成為關(guān)鍵角色)”可知，建造Resilio屋頂?shù)闹苯釉蚴侨找嬖黾拥臑?zāi)害。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Duringepisodesofcopiousrainfall,thislayerservestoaccumulatetherainwaterthatwouldotherwiseinundatethestreets,andintimesofdrought,itchannelsitsstoredwatertonourishthegardensituatedontheuppermostlayer.(在大量降雨期間，這一層會(huì)積聚本會(huì)淹沒街道的雨水，在干旱時(shí)期，它將儲(chǔ)存的水引導(dǎo)到最上層的花園中)”可知，蓄水層具有雙重功能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“TheDSSinterfaceswithlocalweatherprognosticationstodeterminewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldbeopened,allowingwatertobedischargedinacontrolledandgradualmannerintotheseweragesystem,orwhetheritshouldremainsealedtocollecttheimpendingrain.(DSS與當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖忸A(yù)測(cè)接口，以確定特定屋頂上的閥門是否應(yīng)該打開，允許水以受控和漸進(jìn)的方式排放到下水道系統(tǒng)，或者是否應(yīng)該保持密封以收集即將到來的雨水)”可知，DSS的主要功能是控制閥門的使用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Envisionafuturisticrooftopgardensoastutethatitiscapableofdiscerningtheoptimalmomentstohoardwaterinanticipationofaridconditions,andwhentoexpelwatertoavertinundation.Now,suchintelligentroofsaretransitioningfromtherealmoffantasytorealityintheNetherlands.(設(shè)想一個(gè)未來的屋頂花園，它是如此精明，能夠辨別出在干旱條件下儲(chǔ)存水的最佳時(shí)機(jī)，以及何時(shí)排水以避免洪水泛濫?，F(xiàn)在，在荷蘭，這種智能屋頂正從幻想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，整篇文章都在介紹Resilio的藍(lán)綠屋頂系統(tǒng)如何防止災(zāi)害。文章詳細(xì)討論了這些屋頂?shù)慕Y(jié)構(gòu)、功能和創(chuàng)新之處。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)Resilioblue-greenroofsystemspreventingdisasters(防止災(zāi)害的彈性藍(lán)綠屋頂系統(tǒng))適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。DInmosttheoreticalmodelsexamininghowreputationsimpactpeople’sdesiretocooperatewithoneanother,reputationsaredefinedaseithergoodorbad,basedonlimitedinformation.Thesemodelshavetypicallyassumedthatasingleactiondeterminessomeone’sreputation.Thereisalotofinformationavailableaboutpeople’sbehaviorintoday’sworld,especiallywithsocialmedia.AresearchbybiologyprofessorJeshuaPlotkin’steamshowedthatlookingatmultipleactionsandforgivingsomebadactionsisamethodofjudgingbehaviorthatissufficienttosustaincooperation,amethodtheycall“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce.”Thebasicideainthisstudyisthatifyouobservetwointeractionsofsomebodyandatleastoneofthemisanactionthatyouwouldconsidergood,thenyoucooperatewiththatperson,butotherwiseyourejectthem.Theresearchpointsoutthatevenifdifferentpeopleinasocietysubscribetodifferentstandardsofjudgment,“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce”stillgeneratessufficientconsensustopromotecooperation.PlotkinsaysthatthismethodmaintainscooperationwithoutreferringtoreputationsreleasedbypublicinstitutionsItoffersanimportantalternativewhenpublicinstitutionsexistbutdecreaseoftrustinthempreventscooperation.Plotkinsaysallresearchersweresurprisedthatthe“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce”strategycouldn’tbedisplacedbyotherstrategies,suchasalwayscooperatingoralwaysrejecting,lookingatmorethantwoactionsfromaperson,orforgivingadifferentproportionof“badactions”.Perhapsmostsurprisinglylookingmorethantwicedidn’tgenerateanadditionalbenefit.“Informationturnedouttobeadoublesedgedsword,sothateven,wheninformationwasfreelyaccessible,individualsweretypicallyunabletouseallofit,”headds.Plotkinnotesthattheoverallsimplicityandreliabilityoftheirfindingsindicatethatthisbehavioralstrategymightbeoldinhumansocieties.Theresearchersseepotentialforanthropologists(人類學(xué)家)andbehavioralscientiststobuildontheirwork.12.HowdoesPlotkin’smethodofjudgingbehavior-Adifferfrompriormodels?A.Itreliesmainlyonsocialmedia.B.Itemphasizespublicreputation.C.Itrequireslesspersonalinformation.D.Ittakesintoaccountmorebehaviors.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthe“l(fā)ooktwice”method?A.Itbroadensthedefinitionofreputation.B.Itdevelopsalternativewaystocooperate.C.Itencouragesconcentrationongoodbehaviors.D.Itaimstoprovideasolutiontosocialproblems.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consensus”inparagraph4mean?A.Agreement.B.Resources.C.Motivation.D.Benefits.15.Whatisparagraph5mainlyaboutconcerningthe“l(fā)ooktwice”strategy?A.Itseffectiveness.B.Itsapplication.C.Itsdisadvantages.D.Itsinfluence.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了生物學(xué)教授JeshuaPlotkin團(tuán)隊(duì)的研究成果。該研究提出了一種新的行為判斷方法——“看兩次，原諒一次”，即通過觀察一個(gè)人的多個(gè)行為，并原諒其部分不良行為，來決定是否與其合作。研究表明，這種方法在促進(jìn)合作方面具有顯著效果，即使在信息自由獲取的情況下，個(gè)體通常無法使用所有信息。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“l(fā)ookingatmultipleactionsandforgivingsomebadactionsisamethodofjudgingbehaviorthatissufficienttosustaincooperation,amethodtheycall“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce.”(觀察多個(gè)行為并原諒一些不良行為是一種足以維持合作的行為判斷方法，他們稱之為“看兩次，原諒一次?！?”可知，Plotkin的方法與之前的模型不同之處在于它考慮了更多的行為。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Theresearchpointsoutthatevenifdifferentpeopleinasocietysubscribetodifferentstandardsofjudgment,“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce”stillgeneratessufficient

consensus

topromotecooperation.PlotkinsaysthatthismethodmaintainscooperationwithoutreferringtoreputationsreleasedbypublicinstitutionsItoffersanimportantalternativewhenpublicinstitutionsexistbutdecreaseoftrustinthempreventscooperation.(研究指出，即使社會(huì)中不同的人有不同的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，“看兩次，原諒一次”仍然能產(chǎn)生足夠的共識(shí)來促進(jìn)合作。Plotkin說，這種方法在不考慮公共機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布的聲譽(yù)的情況下保持合作。當(dāng)公共機(jī)構(gòu)存在但對(duì)它們的信任度降低會(huì)阻礙合作時(shí)，它提供了一種重要的替代方案。)”可推知，該方法提出了一種在信任公共機(jī)構(gòu)不足的情況下促進(jìn)合作的另一種方式，因此可以推斷出它開發(fā)了其他合作方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theresearchpointsoutthatevenifdifferentpeopleinasocietysubscribetodifferentstandardsofjudgment,“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce”stillgeneratessufficient…topromotecooperation.(研究指出，即使社會(huì)中不同的人有不同的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，“看兩次，原諒一次”仍然能夠產(chǎn)生足夠的……來促進(jìn)合作。)”可知?jiǎng)澗€詞上文提到了社會(huì)中不同的人有不同的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，劃線詞下文提到了促進(jìn)合作，可推理出劃線單詞“consensus”的意思是“共識(shí)”，與A項(xiàng)“Agreement(一致)”含義接近。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Plotkinsaysallresearchersweresurprisedthatthe“l(fā)ooktwice,forgiveonce”strategycouldn’tbedisplacedbyotherstrategies,suchasalwayscooperatingoralwaysrejecting,lookingatmorethantwoactionsfromaperson,orforgivingadifferentproportionof“badactions”.Perhapsmostsurprisinglylookingmorethantwicedidn’tgenerateanadditionalbenefit.(Plotkin表示，所有研究人員都感到驚訝的是，“看兩次，原諒一次”的策略無法被其他策略所取代，例如總是合作或總是拒絕，觀察一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)以上的行為，或者原諒不同比例的“不良行為”。也許最令人驚訝的是，觀察超過兩次并沒有帶來額外的好處。)”可知本段提到了所有研究人員都感到驚訝的是，“看兩次，原諒一次”的策略無法被其他策略所取代。也許最令人驚訝的是，觀察超過兩次并沒有帶來額外的好處，可推理出第五段主要講述了“看兩次”策略的有效性。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyouhadameltdownlately?Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.___16___It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?___17___Anoccasionalmeltdowndoesn’tmeansomethingis“wrong”withyou.Itmayjustbeanindicatorofachallengingtimeforyou.Whilemostpeoplewouldratherforgetameltdownasquicklyaspossible,itcanbealearningexperience.Ifyoufeelembarrassedaboutrevealingyouremotionsinpublic,youmightexaminehowyoufeelaboutyourfeelings.Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?___18___So,bekindtoyourself.Ifyourmeltdowninvolvedraisingyourvoiceatotherpeopleorbehaviorlikethrowinganobjectinthepresenceofothers,apologizeandcomeupwithaplantomanageyouremotionsdifferentlythenexttimeyou’reupsetorstressed.Ifyoufindthistypeofbehavioriscommonforyouandyou’rehavingdifficultymanagingitonyourown,considerreachingtoapsychologist.___19___Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.___20___Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.Bekindtoyourselfandfindsomehelpfulwaystodealwithmeltdowns:A.Itcanhappentoanyone.B.Areyouahappyperson?C.Learnfromeverymeltdown.D.Therearesomenegativeeffectsaboutmeltdown,E.Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.F.Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?G.Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要告訴了讀者關(guān)于情緒崩潰的一些知識(shí)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.(情緒崩潰又不是什么醫(yī)學(xué)疾病。)”可知，情緒崩潰不算疾?。缓笪摹癐t’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.(這是一個(gè)常用的術(shù)語(yǔ)，用來描述我們?cè)谇楦猩线_(dá)到崩潰點(diǎn)的情況。)”說明情緒崩潰是常見的。A項(xiàng)“Itcanhappentoanyone.(它可能發(fā)生在任何人身上。)”符合語(yǔ)境，且A項(xiàng)中“It”指代前文中的“Anemotionalmeltdown”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?(你崩潰后是什么感覺?你對(duì)自己的行為感到尷尬嗎?)”推知，空處是情緒崩潰的舉例，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?(你是否為你的爆發(fā)可能帶來的后果感到焦慮?)”符合題意，與前文并列。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】前文“Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?(為什么你不能生氣，悲傷，或者需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助呢?)”說明生氣、悲傷和需要?jiǎng)e人幫助的正常的；結(jié)合后文“So,bekindtoyourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，說明情緒崩潰是很正常的，沒必要因此而自責(zé)。E項(xiàng)“Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.(為自己的情緒感到羞愧是沒有幫助的。)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.(它會(huì)損害別人的態(tài)度，損害他們的健康。)”可知，嚴(yán)重的情緒崩潰可能會(huì)對(duì)別人造成傷害。G項(xiàng)“Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.(情緒崩潰絕不是虐待行為的借口。)”說明因?yàn)榍榫w崩潰而做出錯(cuò)誤的行為是不對(duì)的。后文“It”指代G項(xiàng)中“abusivebehavior”。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.(你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以作為反思的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，我們可以從情緒奔潰中反思、學(xué)到一些東西。C項(xiàng)“Learnfromeverymeltdown.(從每次崩潰中學(xué)習(xí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)SimonGriffithsisthefounderofWhoGivesACrap,acompanythathas____21____thetoiletpaperindustry.Hisjourneybeganwitha____22____statistic—atoiletisnot____23____to2.4billionpeople,about40%oftheworld!WhilevolunteeringinAsiaandAfrica,Simon____24____organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere,butthelackofsustainablefundinggreatly____25____theirwork.Inspiredbyhisexperienceindevelopingcountries,Simon____26____tosellgoodstomakeadifference.Butwhatshouldhesell?Oneday,Simonwalkedintothebathroomandagoodidea____27____him:hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatedhalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildingtoilets.WhoGivesACrapwasborn.Toooften,peoplebuyproductsthat____28____totheirtastebutwithoutcleverpackaging,sohis____29____wastocreatesomethingthat____30____qualityandaesthetics(美學(xué)),sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.Itwasnotbeyondtheir____31____thattheirgoodssoldwell.TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,00AUDto5.85millionAUD,theybecomingitslargest____32____.Wheninterviewed,Simonsaid“ItriedvariousjobsbeforeWhoGivesACrap.Butafterworkinginbothcorporateandnon-profitorganizations,I____33____Iwantedtocombinebusinesswithsocial____34____soIfoundthewaytouseprofitsfromeverydayproductstodogood____35____.”21.A.created B.occupied C.transformed D.disturbed22.A.interesting B.shocking C.obvious D.awesome23.A.invisible B.sensitive C.accessible D.unique24.A.announced B.witnessed C.imagined D.suggested25.A.tookup B.weighedup C.heldback D.appealedto26.A.revealed B.revised C.resigned D.resolved27.A.annoyed B.struck C.bothered D.chose28.A.subscribe B.react C.stick D.correspond29.A.intention B.attitude C.assumption D.criterion30.A.ignored B.combined C.evaluated D.adopted31.A.expectation B.description C.passion D.occupation32.A.partner B.client C.opponent D.donor33.A.blamed B.denied C.recognized D.detected34.A.impacts B.careers C.prospects D.conflicts35.A.globally B.immediately C.appropriately D.individually【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.A30.B31.A32.D33.C34.A35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。SimonGriffiths創(chuàng)立了WhoGivesACrap，通過銷售環(huán)保廁紙并捐贈(zèng)利潤(rùn)來改善全球衛(wèi)生條件，成功轉(zhuǎn)型了廁紙行業(yè)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：SimonGriffiths是WhoGivesACrap的創(chuàng)始人，這是一家改變了衛(wèi)生紙行業(yè)的公司。A.created創(chuàng)建；B.occupied占據(jù)；C.transformed改變；D.disturbed打擾。根據(jù)下文“Toooften,peoplebuyproductsthat…totheirtastebutwithoutcleverpackaging,sohis…wastocreatesomethingthat…qualityandaesthetics(美學(xué)),sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.”可知，人們購(gòu)買的產(chǎn)品符合自己的品味，但沒有巧妙的包裝，所以他的意圖是創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會(huì)想把它放在他們的浴室里，這家公司改變了行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的旅程從一個(gè)令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字開始——有24億人無法使用廁所，約占世界人口的40%！A.interesting有趣的；B.shocking令人震驚的；C.obvious明顯的；D.awesome極好的。根據(jù)下文“to2.4billionpeople,about40%oftheworld!”可知，指24億人沒有廁所可用，約占世界人口的40%，這是令人震驚的數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的旅程從一個(gè)令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字開始——有24億人無法使用廁所，約占世界人口的40%！A.invisible看不見的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.accessible可到達(dá)的；D.unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)下文“toatoilet”可知，這里是指沒有使用廁所的權(quán)利或機(jī)會(huì)。accessibleto“有機(jī)會(huì)使用”。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在亞洲和非洲做志愿者時(shí)，Simon目睹了一些組織在那里的驚人工作，但缺乏可持續(xù)資金大大阻礙了他們的工作。A.announced宣布；B.witnessed見證，目睹；C.imagined想象；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)下文“organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere”可知，這里是說他目睹了那些組織的工作。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.tookup占據(jù)；B.weighedup權(quán)衡；C.heldback阻礙；D.appealedto吸引。根據(jù)上文“organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere,butthelackofsustainablefundinggreatly”可知，資金缺乏阻礙了他們的工作。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：受到在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的經(jīng)歷的啟發(fā)，Simon決定通過銷售商品來改變世界。A.revealed透露；B.revised修訂；C.resigned辭職；D.resolved決定。根據(jù)下文“tosellgoodstomakeadifference”可知，這里是指他決定要出售商品。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，Simon走進(jìn)浴室，突然想到一個(gè)好主意：他可以賣廁紙，然后把一半的利潤(rùn)捐贈(zèng)給一些組織，幫助他們建造廁所。A.annoyed使惱怒；B.struck突然想到；C.bothered困擾；D.chose選擇。根據(jù)下文“hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatedhalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildingtoilets”可知，Simon突然想到一個(gè)好主意。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時(shí)候，人們購(gòu)買的產(chǎn)品符合自己的品味，但沒有巧妙的包裝，所以他的意圖是創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會(huì)想把它放在他們的浴室里。A.subscribe訂閱；B.react反應(yīng)；C.stick堅(jiān)持；D.correspond符合。根據(jù)上文“peoplebuyproducts”和下文“totheirtaste”可知，這里是指人們購(gòu)買的產(chǎn)品符合人們的口味。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.intention意圖；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.assumption假設(shè)；D.criterion標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)后文“sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.”可知，創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會(huì)想把它放在他們的浴室里，這是他的意圖或目的。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.ignored忽視；B.combined結(jié)合；C.evaluated評(píng)估；D.adopted采納。根據(jù)后文“qualityandaesthetics”可知，這里是指結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的貨物賣得很好，這是意料之中的。A.expectation期望；B.description描述；C.passion激情；D.occupation職業(yè)。根據(jù)下文“thattheirgoodssoldwell”可知，貨物賣得很好，這是他們預(yù)料之中的，沒有超出他們的預(yù)期。故選A。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們對(duì)WaterAidAustralia的捐贈(zèng)從最初的2500澳元增長(zhǎng)到585萬澳元，成為其最大的捐贈(zèng)者。A.partner伙伴；B.client客戶；C.opponent對(duì)手；D.donor捐贈(zèng)者。根據(jù)上文“TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,500AUDto5.85millionAUD,theybecomingitslargest”可知，他們捐贈(zèng)了很多，他們成為其最大的捐贈(zèng)者。故選D。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在公司和非營(yíng)利組織工作后，我認(rèn)識(shí)到我想把商業(yè)和社會(huì)影響結(jié)合起來，所以我找到了用日常產(chǎn)品的利潤(rùn)在全球做好事的方法。A.blamed責(zé)備；B.denied否認(rèn)；C.recognized認(rèn)識(shí)到；D.detected檢測(cè)。根據(jù)下文“Iwantedtocombiningbusinesswithsocial”可知，這里是指他認(rèn)識(shí)到了把商業(yè)和社會(huì)影響結(jié)合起來這一點(diǎn)。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.impacts影響；B.careers事業(yè)；C.prospects前景；D.conflicts沖突。根據(jù)上文“TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,500AUDto5.85millionAUD(他們對(duì)澳大利亞水援助組織的捐款已經(jīng)從最初的2500澳元增加到585萬澳元)”可知，Simon意識(shí)到想把商業(yè)和社會(huì)影響結(jié)合起來。故選A。【35題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.globally全球地；B.immediately立刻；C.appropriately恰當(dāng)?shù)?；D.individually個(gè)別地。根據(jù)上文“hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatedhalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildingtoilets(他可以出售廁紙，并將一半利潤(rùn)捐贈(zèng)給建造廁所的組織)”可知，Simon想在全球范圍內(nèi)做好事。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BlackMyth:Wukonghasimpressedgamesworldwide____36____itsbreathtakingvisualsandcompellingnarrative.____37____(draw)inspirationfromtheclassicChinesenovelJourneytotheWest,thegame,____38____tellsthetaleofayoungmonkey,immersesplayersinarichculturalexperience,meanttouncoverthetruthaboutthelegendarySunWukong.ThisambitioustitleisanevidencetoChina’sexpandinggamingindustry,showcasingitspotentialtocreate____39____(globe)competitivegames.Thegame’ssuccessis____40____(remark),toppingsaleschartsandgatheringmilli