Unit 4 History and Traditions 單詞必修第二冊

Unit4HistoryandTraditionsVocabulary1.Confucius

n.孔子TempleofConfucius

孔廟CemeteryofConfucius孔林KongFamilyMansion孔府2.philosophyn.哲學(xué)philosopher

n.

哲學(xué)家philosophical

adj.哲學(xué)的philosophicallyadv.哲學(xué)上3.individual

adj.單獨的；個別的cn.個人

adj.individualcasecn.

theindividual個

案個

人individually

adv.單獨地individuality

n.個性；個性特征4.Achilles’heel希臘神話：阿喀琉斯的腳跟阿基里斯是古希臘神話中最偉大的英雄之一。相傳，他的母親是一位女神，在他降生之初，女神為了使他長生不死，將他浸入冥河洗禮。阿基里斯從此刀槍不入，百毒不侵，只有一點除外———他的腳踵當時被女神提在手中，未能浸入冥河，于是“阿基里斯之踵”就成了這位英雄的唯一弱點。在漫長的特洛亞戰(zhàn)爭中，阿基里斯一直是希臘人最勇敢的將領(lǐng)。在十年戰(zhàn)爭即將結(jié)束時，敵方將領(lǐng)在眾神的示意下，抓住了阿基里斯的弱點，一箭射中他的腳踵，阿基里斯最終不治而亡。5.puzzlepuzzlen.謎;智力游戲;疑問v.迷惑;使困惑(confuse)puzzlementn.迷惑，困惑（confusion）puzzling:adj.令人迷惑的/困惑的(confusing)puzzled:adj.(人感到)困惑的/迷惑的(confused)bepuzzledaboutsth:對某事迷惑不解[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①

Youmusthavebeentroubledbywhentosay“Iloveyou”becauseitisoneofthegreatest___________(puzzle)inourlife．②

Thesescientistshavebeenpuzzling___________howtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem．③

The__________lookonherfacesuggestedshewas_________overthe___________mathsproblem.(puzzle)她臉上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那個令人困惑的數(shù)學(xué)題。puzzlesabout/overpuzzledpuzzlingpuzzled6.join...to...:把…和…連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來同:link…to…berelated/linkedtobeconnected/associatedwithjoinsbindoing...:參加某人做什么breakup

分手，解散breakdown

機器出故障，身體累垮，精神崩潰，失??；分解，消除breakinto

破門而入breakin

破門而入；打斷；插話breakout

(戰(zhàn)爭、洪水、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)7.breakaway(fromsb

/sth

)脫離；背叛；逃脫[即學(xué)即練]——用break的相關(guān)短語填空①

Ifyougoonworkinglikethat,youwill________________soonerorlater.②

Afire______________inthishotellastnightandthreepeoplewerekilled.③

Withsomanyproblemsunsettled,afewcountrieswantedto__________________theUnion.④Inmyopinion,marriagebasedonmoneyislikelyto______________.breakdownbrokeoutbreakawayfrombreakupbelongto

屬于

（無被動，無進行,其中to為介詞）belongings

n.

所有物;財產(chǎn)asenseofbelonging

歸屬感belonging

n.歸

屬,屬性8.

belongvi.

應(yīng)在(某處);

適應(yīng)

[鞏固內(nèi)化]用belong的適當形式填空①Thewoodenhouse

(belong)tomeisbeingdecoratednow.

②Thecat_________tothepeoplewholiveupstairs.③Icollectedmy__________andleft.belongsbelongings

belonging1.Tearswelledupinhereyes,andherheartseemedtobetorn____well.2.Ifyoudonotlikeswimming,you__________gojogging.如果不喜歡游泳,你不妨慢跑。3.Theyareacoupleintherealworld_________inthemovie.他們在電影和現(xiàn)實生活中都是一對夫婦。9.aswellas同，也，還1.Theteacher，aswellashisstudents，_________(go)toplanttreestomorrow.isgoing謂語動詞遵循就遠原則aswell也;又;還（相當于too，用于句尾）may/mightaswelldosth

倒不如做某事;不妨做某事

asmayaswellaswellas110.currencyn.貨幣；通貨（一國、一地區(qū)現(xiàn)時市場上流通的貨幣）。Whichcurrencyisamongthestrongestintheworld?世界上哪種貨幣最有價值?currentadj.當前的，流通的11.takepartinmilitarytraining參加軍訓(xùn)militarydefence軍事防御2indefenceof…

為了保衛(wèi)…12.

defence

n.防御；保衛(wèi)（同defense）Weshouldn'tforgetthedoctorsandnurseswhodiedindefenceofpeople'shealthandsafety．defend

vt.保護；保衛(wèi)；為…辯護defendoneself自衛(wèi)defensiveadj.

防御的,保護的

①Somethinkthatstudentsshouldbetrained_____________(defend)themselvesagainstsomeattacks.②Manymedicalexpertsareworkinghardin________(defend)ofpeople'shealth.③Whenadogattackedme，Ipickedupasticktodefend_________(I).todefenddefencemyself13.legaladj.法律的;合法的legally:adv.法律上;合法地illegaladj.不合法的

illegallyadv.不法地看圖猜詞surround圍繞

besurroundedwith/by

被…包圍/環(huán)繞14.surround

vt.圍繞；包圍surrounding

adj.周圍的；附近的surroundings

n.環(huán)境；周邊事物[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①

_____________(surround)bytheforest,thevillagelooksverybeautiful.②

Livinginbeautifulandcomfortable______________(surround),wefeelveryhappy.③

Theyallwentouttolookforthelostchildinthe______________(surround)villages.Surroundedsurroundingssurrounding15.evidence

un.證據(jù)；證明evident

adj.明顯的；明白的翻譯：很顯然，他的觀點不對.Itisevidentthathisopinioniswrong.同：obvious,clear,apparentItisevident/obvious/apparent/clearthat顯然evidently=obviously=apparently=clearly16.locationcn．地方；地點；位置locate

v.找出...的位置,定位

belocatedin/on/at

坐落于/位于.....

①China__________(locate)intheeastofAsiawithanareaof9，600，000squarekilometres.②_________(locate)intheeastofAsia,Chinahasanareaof9，600，000squarekilometres.islocatedLocatedbattle“battle”一詞開始作為一個比較大眾的網(wǎng)絡(luò)語被大家所熟知，是因為近兩年國內(nèi)綜藝節(jié)目掀起了一波嘻哈狂潮，譬如《中國有嘻哈》、《這就是街舞》、《熱血街舞團》。

“battle”一詞常常用于在說唱、街舞中，rapper和rapper之間，dancer和dancer之間的一種PK較量，即人與人之間的“戰(zhàn)斗”。17.portn.港口

import進口

export出口

airport機場transport運輸318.fascinating

adj.迷人的同：charmingandattractivefascinatev.吸引；迷住fascinatedadj.入迷的fascinationn.入迷；著迷；吸引力Anythingtodowitholdmythsandlegendsfascinatesme.任何與上古神話傳說有關(guān)的東西都會使我著迷。keepaneyeon

照看，照管，留心注意haveaneyefor

對……有判斷力/鑒賞力catchsb’seye

吸引某人的注意【翻譯】如果你留心點，你能學(xué)到很多。Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youcanlearnagreatdeal.19.keepone’seyesopen睜大眼睛，留心，注意20.

charge

vt.收費；控告；充電

n.費用；指控；主管負荷（基本義）charge罪名的負荷金錢的負荷責任的負荷

負責

費用

指控電荷的負荷

電量n(向……)收費；開價

指控；控告

(給……)充電

(向……)

沖；進攻v1）n./v.收費chargesb(money)forsth收某人(多少錢)費用freeofcharge=forfree免費2）v.指控chargesbwithsth=accusesbofsth指控某人某事3）n./v.主管takechargeof…負責;主管beinchargeof…負責;主管beinthechargeof…由…負責/主管ThecompanyisinthechargeofMr.Wang.Mr.Wangisinchargeofthecompany.Mr.Wangtakeschargeofthecompany.①Wehaveenoughconfidencetochargeyou

abuseofpower.

②Thegenerousownerofthepubchargedus

wineandbeer.with

for

4)chargethecellphone/battery給手機/電池充電chargerchargev.沖

Itisannouncedthat…據(jù)宣布…(it形主)21.announce

vt.宣布；通知；聲稱(claim,declare)announcement

n.通告；宣告；聲明announcer

n.

播音員；廣播員makeanannouncement(that)

下通知；宣布[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①

Itiswisetoannouncethenews_________thepublic.②

The_____________madean_______________thatallthedetailsshould________________throughthebroadcast.(announce)③

It_______________(announce)thatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwouldtheresidentsbepermittedtoreturntotheirhomes.toannouncerannouncementbeannouncedisannounced22.

amount

n.金額；數(shù)量

a

largeamountof大量;許多（+不可數(shù)n）+謂語用單數(shù)；

=

largeamountsof大量;許多（+不可數(shù)n）+謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

作主語時謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與amount的單復(fù)數(shù)有關(guān)，與of后面的名詞無關(guān)v.總計；相當于；等于amountto

合計，等于，相當于[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Alargeamountofmoney___________(be)tobespentinbuildinganewbridgeforthevillage.②Atthattime,smallamountsofland___________(use)forkeepinganimals.③Thetotalsalesofthecompanydidn’tamount

morethanamilliondollars.

④Theamountoffuelthatthiscaruses____(be)abigstrikeagainstit.iswereusedto

is

(1)

agreatdealof,

只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞；(2)

alargenumberof

只能修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；(3)

alotof,plentyof

,

alargequantityof既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。表示“大量的”的短語還有：alargenumberof,

agreatdealof,

plentyof,

alotofgallery展覽館;畫廊theNationalGallery國家美術(shù)館23.approach

n.方法(pl.approaches)

vt.

著手處理

vi.靠近1)（做）某事的方法theapproachto(doing)sththewaytodosth/ofdoingsththemeansof(doing)sththemethodof(doing)sth2)approachtheproblem處理問題3）Springisapproaching/drawingnear/aroundthecorner.春天即將來臨。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent_____________(approach)tothestudyofmaths.②

Theyhavealaissez-faireapproachto______________theirchildren.他們采用放任自由的方法來養(yǎng)育子女。

approachesbringingup③一句多譯:隨著這重大日子的臨近她心情越來越緊張。Asthegreatday___________

,shegrewmoreandmorenervous.Withthegreatday____________,shegrewmoreandmorenervous.____theapproachofthegreatday

,shegrewmoreandmorenervous.approachedapproachingAt24.landscapen.(陸上，猶指鄉(xiāng)村的風景)

sight,view,scene,scenery

begeneroustosb

對某人慷慨25.generous

adj.慷慨的；大方的；豐富的(反：mean)generosity

n.慷慨；大方；寬宏大量generouslyadv.慷慨地；大方地buttern.黃油；vt.涂黃油于......26.honeyn.蜂蜜；親愛的honey,darling,dear,sweetie親愛的position

【基本義】位置,職位

snackn.點心；小吃beeagertodosth

渴望做某事beeagerforsth

渴望得到某物27.eager

adj.熱切的；渴望的eagerly

adv.熱切地；急切地eagernessn.熱切；渴望渴望做某事

beeagerfor/todosthbeanxiousfor/todosthbedyingfor/todosthbedesperatefor/todosthbehungry/thirstyfor/todosthhaveadesirefor/desiretodosthlongfor/todosth①(2016.浙江高考)EachweekI

_________(eager)countedmygrowingsavingincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere②(2021.全國I)Asshewasleavingshewaseager_____(say)goodbyetoeachofusinthenursingteam.③Theywereeager______asecondbiteofthecherry.④Icouldn'thidemy__________(eager)togetbackhome.foreagerness

tosay

eagerly

28.poetn.詩人poem

n.詩;詩歌(可數(shù)名詞)poetryn.詩集;詩歌;詩作

countyn.郡；縣29.

feastn.盛宴；節(jié)日afeastfortheeyesandears視覺和聽覺的盛宴avisualfeast一場視覺盛宴TheopeningceremonyofWinterOlympicsisafeastfortheeyesandears.30.rollv.(使)翻滾;(使)滾動;

n.卷(軸);翻滾rolldownthecheeks滾下臉頰rollin/floodin/springup蜂擁而來rollingadj起伏的

bedottedwith

布滿；星羅棋布于Theskywasdottedwithstars.

繁星點綴著星空31.

dot

n.點；小(圓)點

vt.加點；遍布

roarv.n.吼叫；咆哮

oceann.大海;海洋

theArcticOcean

北冰洋

theAtlanticOcean大西洋theIndianOcean印度洋thePacificOcean太平洋

11月21日是“世界問候日”，是第四次中東戰(zhàn)爭（FourthMiddleEastWar）期間（1973年10月6日至10月26日），為促進埃及（Egypt）與以色列（Israel）之間的和平，來自澳大利亞（Australia）的姆可馬克（McCormack）與米切爾（Michael）兩兄弟自愿宣傳并設(shè)立的。節(jié)日的意義在于向全世界祈禱和平。不同國家的不同問候方式WorldHelloDaygreetsbwith…

用…來迎接/問候某人32.greet

vt.問候；迎接greeting(s)

n.(常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)問候；祝賀；賀詞Shegreetedmewithasmile.

她以微笑迎接我。exchangegreetings

寒暄[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①

She___________(greet)uswithasmilewhenshesawusinthestreet．②

Shesentusacardwithbirthday___________(greet)．greetedgreetingsstrike(struck,struck/stricken)v.打;撞擊;罷工;(災(zāi)難、疾病等)襲擊;打動;劃(火柴);給某人…以印象；突然想到;(鐘)敲響;鳴n.罷工;攻擊33.striking

adj.引人注目的；顯著的bestruckby被…所侵襲；被…所打動Itstrikes/strucksbthat…某人突然想起…（同：hit,occurto）be/goonstrike舉行罷工[一詞多義]寫出下列句子中strike的漢語意思Whentheclockstrucknine，itstruckm