湖北省孝感市2022-2023學年高二下學期開學考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省孝感市2022-2023學年高二下學期開學考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABoastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.NymphoftheLuoRiver-GuKaizhiThelegendhasitthatCaoZhifellinlovewiththegovernor’sdaughter.However,shemarriedhisbrotherandtheprincebecameupset.Later,hecomposedanemotionalpoemaboutthelovebetweenthegoddessandcommonpeople.Inthe4thcentury,GuKaizhi,aChineseartist,wasmovedbythestoryandillustratedthepoem.CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFangDuringtheTangDynasty,thegenreof“beautifulwomenpainting”enjoyedpopularity.Comingfromanoblebackground,ZhouFangcreatedartworksinthisgenre.Inhispainting,theladiesstandasthoughtheyarefashionmodels,butoneofthemisentertainingherselfbyteasingacutedog.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduanZhangZeduandepicted(描繪)thelandscapeinhiswork.However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimengNotonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepictingnature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.Hewasaprodigy.WangXimengpaintedAThousandLiofRiversandMountainswhenhewasonlyseventeenyearsold.Hediedseveralyearslater,butheleftoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulpaintingsinChinesehistory.1.Wheredoyouthinkthispassageistakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Abookreview.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ZhouFangpaintedfashionmodelsinhispainting.B.NymphoftheLuoRiverisapoemwrittenbyGuKaizhi.C.WangXimengcreatedhismasterpiecewhenhewasattheageofseventy.D.ZhangZeduandescribeddailylifeofthepeopleofBianjinginhisworks.3.Whichisyourbestchoiceifyouwanttoenjoyapaintingwiththebeautyofnature?A.NymphoftheLuoRiver——GuKaizhi.B.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng.C.CourtLadiesAdormingTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFang.D.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduan.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了中國歷史上著名的四幅畫作。它們分別是顧愷之的《洛神賦圖》，周昉的《簪花仕女圖》，張擇端的《清明上河圖》，王希孟的《千里江山圖》?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“Boastingalonghistory,Chinaishometomanyfamouspaintings,whicharenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.(中國擁有悠久的歷史，是許多名畫的故鄉(xiāng)，這些名畫現(xiàn)在在10多億人的心中。)”可知，本文介紹了四幅著名畫作，很有可能來源于雜志。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival部分“However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.(然而，他沒有專注于大自然的浩瀚，而是捕捉了汴京(今天的開封)人民的日常生活。他的作品反映了北宋時期的生活。)”可知，張擇端的《清明上河圖》捕捉的是汴京人們的生活以及北宋時期人們的生活。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AThousandLiofRiversandMountains部分“Notonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepicting(描繪)nature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.(官員和學者不僅喜歡聽音樂，而且還喜歡描繪自然。王希孟就是這樣一位畫家。)”可知。王希孟在描繪自然中尋找快樂，所以她的作品《千里江山圖》與大自然有關系，如果欣賞自然之美的畫作，最佳選擇就是“千里江山圖”。故選B項。BStandingontheshoreofalake,Ican’thelpbutmarvelatthetensorhundredsofthousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgessofteningovertime.AndIwonder,canwelearnfromapileofrocks?Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.Once,Itoowasasharprockcoveredinpointyedges.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflifecoursingoverme,myedgesaresofterandmoreunderstanding.I’mlesslikelytojudgeandmoreinterestedinlearninghowwecanexisttogether.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.Isatwatching,understandingbothsides.I’vebeenthoseguysbefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayattheworld.WhatIlost,however,wastheabilitytogrowfromexperiencesbylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchtoaccommodateothers.Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.4.Whatdoestheauthorcomparetherocksto?A.Challengeswecomeacross. B.Whatnatureoffersus.C.People’sabilities. D.People’spersonalities.5.Whydidthegroupofguysargueintherestaurant?A.Theyintendedtoskipoutonthebill.B.Theyweredissatisfiedwiththefoodoffered.C.Theywereunwillingtowearmasks.D.Theywerenotallowedtoleavetherestaurant.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accommodate”mean?A.Fightwith. B.Trytochange.C.Providespacefor. D.Leaveagoodimpressionon.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotelluswiththisarticle?A.Weshouldadjusttonewconditions.B.It’snecessarytoconsiderthefeelingsofothers.C.Bebravewheninthefaceofdifficultiesinlife.D.Beingopenandunderstandingbringsyoumorehappiness.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本篇是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者將人的個性或性格比作石子，正如石子因流水沖刷變得更加圓滑，人隨著時間成長而不斷被磨平棱角，心胸變得更加寬廣、開明。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一塊巖石一樣，每次環(huán)繞太陽旅行，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的態(tài)度軟化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也擴大了)”可知，作者把巖石比作人的性格。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwest,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Notforcefulandnotrude.Onthedoorreadasign:“Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon’tlikeiteither,butlet’salldowhatwecantogetthroughthistogether.”Thegroupofyoungmenwishedtoargueaboutthenote.(兩年前，在太平洋西北地區(qū)旅行時，我看到一個餐館老板要求幾個人離開，因為他們沒有戴口罩。不強勢也不粗魯。門上寫著：“請戴上口罩進入我們的餐廳。我們也不喜歡這樣，但讓我們盡我們所能一起度過難關?！边@群年輕人想為那張紙條爭論一番)”可知，年輕人們不愿意做老板要求他們做的事，因此店主拒絕他們入內。故選C。【6題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Youcanfitmoreroundedrocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.(圓的石頭比棱角分明的石頭更能裝進罐子里)”以及“Theformerlookforwaystoadjustandmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchto”可知，圓的石頭比棱角分明的石頭更能裝進罐子里，前者想辦法調整自己，為他人騰出空間；后者從不讓步遷就別人。由此推知，劃線詞意思是“讓步”。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Muchlikearock,I’vefoundmyattitudehassoftenedandmydesiretobetterunderstandothershasexpandedwitheachtriparoundthesun.(就像一塊巖石一樣，每次環(huán)繞太陽旅行，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的態(tài)度軟化了，更好地理解他人的愿望也擴大了)”；倒數(shù)第三段“Inlearningtobemoreopen,I’vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.(在學習更開放的過程中，我也找到了更多的快樂和成功)”以及最后一段“Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,changesus.Iplacedaroundedstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisholdingclassagain.(時間，就像激流沖擊著曾經鋒利的石頭，改變了我們。我把一塊圓石頭放進夾克口袋里。大自然母親又在上課了)”可知，作者想告訴我們包容和理解他人可帶來快樂。故選D。CAspoonfulofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastewaybetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoreappetizing.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peopleparticipatedinthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoaresearchpaperpublishedin2019,youmayeatmoreunconsciously.Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatternsonfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction.Afteranalyzingtheirdiets,theteamdiscoveredthateatingwithadistractionincreasedcaloricingestion(卡路里攝入)byabout15percent.Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Whenweeatwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.Theteaminvited120participantstodovarioustaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.8.Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto?A.Anewtypeofvegetables. B.Electronicproductspopularonline.C.Videospeoplewatchwhileeating. D.Digitalgamessuitableforfamilies.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheinternationalresearch?A.Theresearchwasconductedin2019.B.62peopleintotalparticipatedintheentireresearch.C.Itshowedthateatingwithadistractiondecreasedcaloricingestionby15percent.D.Thegrouplisteningtoaclipaboutanotherpersoneatingatemorethantheothergroup.10.Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothetext?A.Theyaremorefocusedontheirmeals.B.Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.C.Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”.D.The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.11.Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph?A.Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.B.Todescribetheeffectsof“digitalpickles”.C.Toexplainhowtojudgeyouarefull.D.Topresenthowtoavoidbeingdistracted.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本篇是一篇說明文。介紹了電子榨菜及相關研究，電子榨菜指的是人們在吃飯時觀看的視頻，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吃飯時分心，人們會吃的更多。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickledvegetables”.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.(最近，一種新型泡菜正在被討論:“數(shù)字泡菜”。它指的是人們在吃飯時看的視頻。)”可知，“電子榨菜”指的是人們在吃飯時觀看的視頻。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.(為了探究原因，研究小組還邀請了兩組人:一組人一邊吃東西一邊聽另一個人吃東西的音頻片段，另一組人則聽一段幫助他們想象自己在吃東西的音頻片段。結果顯示，第二組人吃得更少，因為他們更專注于吃飯。)”可知，這項國際研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽別人吃東西的音頻剪輯會比另外一組的人吃得多。故選D項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句“Wheneatingwiththe‘digitalpickles’,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.(當我們吃“數(shù)字泡菜”時，我們的注意力可能會分散，從而導致吃得比預期的多。)”可知，當就著“電子榨菜”吃飯時，我們的注意力會被分散，從而導致吃得比預期的多。故選B項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀文章最后一段中的“Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.(這不僅適用于吃飯，也適用于其他要求很高的任務。英國蘇塞克斯大學領導的一項研究項目指出，需要大量注意力的活動會誘使許多參與者暴飲暴食。)”可知，作者借用另一個研究，列舉一個導致暴飲暴食的例子，說明其他需要大量注意力的活動也會誘使你吃得更多。故選A項。DUsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?OneofthemostbasicmodelsthatallowAItogeneratedrawingsistheGANs(對抗生成網絡).Theyaredeeplearningsystemsthatcanlearnfromtrainingdataandgeneratenewdatawiththesamecharacteristics.GANsconsistoftwomainparties-thegeneratorandthediscriminator(判別器).Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.Somegeneratorscanalsoproduceimagesbasedonasimpledescription-sometimesjustafewwords.LaunchedinApril,DALL.E2wentviralforitstext-to-imagefunction.TheAIsystemgoesthroughtwotrainingprocesses:learningtounderstandthetextandmatchingtheelementsfromdifferentimagestothetext.Aftergettingtoknowwhatthetextisabout,itmatchesalargenumberofrelevantimagepiecestothetext.Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.Then,TheCLIPmodelallowsAItoencode(編碼)theelementsofbothimagesandtext.Thenextstepiscalleddiffusion(擴散)wichdecodes(解碼)thedataintoanimage.Intheend,theAIsystemcangenerateimagesbasedontext,asifcreatingartitself.12.HowdoGANshelpAIgeneratedrawings?A.Bylearningfromasetofpictures. B.Bycombiningvariousphotographs.C.Bydirectlycopyingaparticularpicture. D.Byselectinganimagefromadatabase.13.Whatisthediscriminatorusedtodo?A.Decidewhichimagetomimic. B.Addmoredetailstonewimages.C.Checkthequalityofnewimages. D.Collectimagesfromtheinternet.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutDALL.E2?A.Itcantranslateimagesintotext. B.ItwasdevelopedfiveyearsafterGANs.C.Itwastrainedon400millionimageswithtext. D.Itcreatesimagesbasedonimageswithtext.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.TointroducethefeaturesofAIdrawings. B.TodiscusswhetherAIcancreatetrueart.C.TocommentonsomeAIimagegenerators. D.ToexplainthetechnologybehindAIdrawing.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹了AI合成新圖片技術。AI生成圖片的基本模型是GANs，這是一種深度學習的系統(tǒng)，其通過模仿和鑒別數(shù)據(jù)，從而形成新的圖片?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Intermsofdrawings,thegeneratortriestomimic(模仿)thestyleofasetofimages,producingnewdata.Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.Inthisway,AIcangeneratenewdrawings.(在繪圖方面，生成器試圖模仿一組圖像的風格，產生新的數(shù)據(jù)。然后判別器做出決定，看看新數(shù)據(jù)是否符合條件。通過這種方式，人工智能可以生成新的圖紙)”可知，對抗生成網絡通過學習圖片數(shù)據(jù)以生成新的圖畫。故選A?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thediscriminatorthenmakesdecisionstoseewhetherthenewdataqualifies.(然后判別器做出決定，看看新數(shù)據(jù)是否符合條件)”可知，判別器用來檢查新數(shù)據(jù)的質量。故選C。【14題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Tomakethematchmoreprecise,DALL.E2wastrainedon400millionimageswithtext,collecteddirectlyfromtheinternet.(為了使匹配更精確，DALL.E2是在直接從互聯(lián)網上收集的4億張帶有文字的圖片上進行訓練的)”可知，DALL.E2是在4億張有文字的圖片上訓練的。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“UsershaverecentlybeendrawntoTikTok’sAIimagegenerator(生成器)asitcreatesdrawingsbasedonpictures.HowdoesAIcreatedrawings?(用戶最近被TikTok的人工智能圖像生成器所吸引，因為它可以根據(jù)圖片創(chuàng)建繪圖。人工智能是如何創(chuàng)建圖畫的？)”及下文可知，文章介紹了AI合成新圖片技術。AI生成圖片的基本模型是GANs，這是一種深度學習的系統(tǒng)，其通過模仿和鑒別數(shù)據(jù)，從而形成新的圖片。由此推知，文章的目的是解釋AI繪畫的技術原理。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分;滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.____16____Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.____17____Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.____18____Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.Eachdayisablankcanvaspresentedasanopportunityforyoutocreateandtodiscovernewthings.Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.____19____So,don’tbeafraidtomakemistakesbutlearnfromthemquickly.____20____Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.A.However,lifeisn’tabedofroses.B.Don’tregretforthepastmistakes.C.Unfortunately,realitydoesn’talwaysquitematchup.D.Letgoofblame,self-pity,excuses,bitternessandresentment.E.Therewillstillbetimeswhenyoustrugglewithlettinggoofthepast.F.Butwhenthingsdon’tworkout,they’reunwillingtotakeresponsibility.G.Thisshouldn’tmeanyougiveintofrustrationfornotlivinguptoyourpotential.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.F20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。生活總是充滿波折，當計劃趕不上變化時，不必沉浸于氣餒中，開啟探索模式，迎接生活準備的挑戰(zhàn)，改變現(xiàn)有困境?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Weallenjoyplanningoutourlives.Wehadgreatexpectationsanddreamstotouchthesky.(我們都喜歡規(guī)劃自己的生活。我們有很大的期望和夢想，觸摸天空)”以及后文“Thegameoflifetwistsandturns,changingdirectiontoformnewpathsthataren’tanticipated.(生活的游戲是曲折的，改變方向，形成意想不到的新道路)”可知，前面一句說我們有計劃，有期待，后一句說生活充滿曲折，會向料想不到的方向發(fā)展，可知該空含義應該有轉折：現(xiàn)實和期待有時候是不相符的。故C選項“不幸的是，現(xiàn)實并不總是與現(xiàn)實相符”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“So,whathappenswhenthelifeyouhaveisn’tthelifeyouplanned?Youcangoexploring.Yougoexploringwithoutexpectationbecauseyourplanscouldbetheverythingthatkeepsyoufromthelifethat’swaitingforyou.(那么，當你擁有的生活不是你計劃的生活時，會發(fā)生什么呢？你可以去探險。你不帶期望地去探索，因為你的計劃可能會讓你遠離正在等待你的生活)”以及后文“Rather,youshouldgetcuriousabouthowtochangeyourcircumstancesforthebetter.(相反，你應該好奇如何讓你的環(huán)境變得更好)”可知，后文與本句構成轉折，指出應該好奇如何讓你的環(huán)境變得更好，說明本句是在說明沒有期待地探索并不意味著要沉溺在挫敗感中，而是要想辦法如何改變現(xiàn)狀更好。故G選項“這并不意味著你因為沒有發(fā)揮出自己的潛力而感到沮喪”符合語境，故選G。【18題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Butifyoucontinuetofocusoneverythingthatwentwronginthepast,youwouldn’tbeabletoseethegoodthatispresent.(但如果你繼續(xù)關注過去的錯誤，你就無法看到現(xiàn)在的美好)”可知，本句與后文構成轉折關系，后文說明不應該繼續(xù)關注過去，可知本句是在說明放不下過去，故E選項“有時候，你還是會掙扎著要放下過去”符合語境，故選E。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Becareful,however,nottogiveintoother’sopinionsofwhatyourlifeshouldlooklike.Thesedayseveryonecanbeanexpertonwhatyoushoulddowithyourlife.(然而，要小心，不要屈服于別人對你的生活應該是什么樣的看法。如今，每個人都可以成為生活中應該做什么的專家)”可知，本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明喜歡當專家這類人的特點，且F選項中的they和前一句everyone呼應。故F選項“但是當事情不順利時，他們不愿意承擔責任”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Youhadbetterbefreeoftheseemotionstomoveoninalight-heartedway.(你最好擺脫這些情緒，以輕松愉快的方式繼續(xù)生活)”可知，后文提到擺脫這些情緒，推測本句講要釋懷各種負面情緒。故D選項“放下責備、自憐、借口、痛苦和怨恨”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)OvertheyearsI’vespentlivinginBeijing,Ican____21____thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand.ButaroadtriptoNanshanSkiingVillageinFebruary2021providedmewithsome____22____memories.AsmyfriendsandIsattogetherintheskiliftchair,IfinallyfeltforthefirsttimethatIhad____23____leftthebusycitylifeofBeijing.Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I____24____thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.Astheskiliftreachedits____25____,I____26____slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow.“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”,I____27____tomyself.____28____,Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademywayas____29____asIcouldtooneoftheseveralstartingpoints.Mybuddieshadalreadystartedmakingtheirwaydownthehill,andIwasabouttojointhembutsuddenlyfear_____30_____measInoticedhoweasyitwasto_____31_____speed.I_____32_____toswerve(突然轉向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.Notwantingtobecome_____33_____,Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski.AlthoughIstillfeltnervous,byacceptingtheriskIwasabletoskimoreconfidentlyandatlastmanagedtomakeitdownthewholeskislope(斜坡).Bytheday’send,Ihadrelearnedwhatit_____34_____totakerisksandgetoutofmycomfortzone.Byacceptingwhatseems_____35_____,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.21.A.cast B.claim C.account D.count22.A.unbelievable B.unforgettable C.incredible D.horrible23.A.truly B.initially C.eventually D.simply24.A.tookin B.tookup C.broughtin D.broughtup25.A.circumstance B.departure C.destination D.peak26.A.awkwardly B.flexibly C.slowly D.eagerly27.A.blamed B.thought C.regretted D.sighed28.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Although D.Furthermore29.A.stably B.gracefully C.gently D.tightly30.A.gained B.gathered C.swelled D.overwhelmed31.A.pickout B.pickup C.takeoff D.takeup32.A.attempted B.proceeded C.adapted D.managed33.A.panicked B.ashamed C.discouraged D.distracted34.A.brought B.meant C.made D.took35.A.impossible B.terrific C.upset D.scary【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.A25.C26.A27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者的一次戶外滑雪經歷，這次經歷讓作者意識到人要敢于冒險，并勇于走出舒適區(qū)，重拾內心的自信與平靜。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在北京生活的這些年里，我一只手可以數(shù)出我有多少真正的戶外體驗。A.cast向……投以(視線、笑容等)；B.claim主張；C.account認為是；D.count計數(shù)。由下文的“thenumberoftrulyoutdoorexperiencesI’vehadononehand”可知，作者真正的戶外經歷屈指可數(shù)，countthenumber(計數(shù))。故選D項。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但2021年2月，我在南山滑雪村的一次公路旅行給我留下了一些難忘的回憶。A.unbelievable難以置信的；B.unforgettable難忘的；C.incredible難以置信的；D.horrible令人恐懼的。由下文語境可知，作者敢于冒險的滑雪經歷讓自己對人生有了新的感悟，可知在南山滑雪村的這次旅行給作者留下了難忘的回憶。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當我和朋友們一起坐在滑雪纜車上時，我終于第一次感覺到自己真正離開了北京繁忙的城市生活。A.truly真正地；B.initially開始；C.eventually最終；D.simply僅僅。由下文的“Upintheairafewdozenmetersofftheground,I________thewideviewofthecountrysideandappreciatedthepeacefulquiet.(在離地面幾十米的高空，我________廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，欣賞著寧靜)”可知，作者在欣賞鄉(xiāng)村美麗風景，可得出作者第一次真正地遺忘了北京繁忙的城市生活。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在離地面幾十米的高空，我欣賞著廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，欣賞著寧靜。A.tookin欣賞；B.tookup占據(jù)；C.broughtin引進；D.broughtup撫養(yǎng)。與下文的“appreciated”并列，此空講作者欣賞到了廣闊的鄉(xiāng)村景色，領會到了和平與寧靜。故選A項。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當滑雪纜車到達目的地時，我笨拙地從椅子上滑下來，差點在雪地里做了一個面部護理。A.circumstance條件；B.departure離開；C.destination目的地；D.peak高峰。由本處語境可知，此處為滑雪纜車到達目的地。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當滑雪纜車到達目的地時，我笨拙地從椅子上滑下來，差點在雪地里做了一個面部護理。A.awkwardly笨拙地；B.flexibly靈活地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.eagerly急切地。由下文的“almostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者應該是笨拙地從椅子上滑下來。故選A項。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“為了和平與寧靜”，我心里想。A.blamed責備；B.thought認為；C.regretted后悔；D.sighed嘆氣。由上文的“Somuchforthepeaceandquiet”可知，這是作者的內心想法，Ithoughttomyself意為我心里想。故選B項。【28題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是振作起來，盡可能優(yōu)雅地走到了幾個起點中的一個。A.Nevertheless盡管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Although盡管；D.Furthermore此外。由上文的“slidofffromthechairandalmostdidaface-plantintothesnow”可知，作者從椅子上滑下來，差點一頭栽進了雪里，與下文的“Igatheredmyselftogetherandmademyway”形成轉折，用Nevertheless。故選A項。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是振作起來，盡可能優(yōu)雅地走到了幾個起點中的一個。A.stably穩(wěn)定地；B.gracefully優(yōu)雅地；C.gently輕輕地；D.tightly緊緊地。由上文語境講作者笨拙的動作可知，此時作者盡量使自己的動作變得優(yōu)雅，故選B項。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的伙伴們已經開始下山了，我正要加入他們的行列，但當我注意到加快速度是多么容易時，恐懼突然壓倒了我。A.gained得到；B.gathered聚集；C.swelled膨脹；D.overwhelmed(感情或感覺)充溢。由下文的“I________toswerve(突然轉向)tothesidetoslowdown,butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow.(我________轉向一邊減速，但最終還是摔倒在了雪地里)”可知，作者無法減速（只能加速）最終摔倒，可得出此時是面對危險的恐懼壓倒了作者。故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的伙伴們已經開始下山了，我正要加入他們的行列，但當我注意到加快速度是多么容易時，恐懼突然壓倒了我。A.pickout辨認出；B.pickup加速；C.takeoff起飛；D.takeup占據(jù)。由上文的“startedmakingtheirwaydownthehill”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)下山加速是如此容易，pickupspeed(加速)。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖轉向一邊減速，但最終還是摔倒在了雪地里。A.attempted嘗試；B.proceeded繼續(xù)；C.adapted適應；D.managed設法做。由下文的“butendeduptumbling(摔倒)downintothesnow”可知，作者減速失敗了。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想氣餒，笨拙地重新接上了滑雪板。A.panicked驚恐的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.discouraged泄氣的；D.distracted心煩意亂的。由下文的“Iawkwardlyreattachedtheski”可知，作者笨拙地重新接上滑雪板，說明作者并沒有氣餒。故選C項。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天結束時，我重新認識了承擔風險并走出舒適區(qū)意味著什么。A.brought帶來；B.meant意味著；C.made制作；D.took拿走。由下文的“Byacceptingwhatseems________,youcanfindbothconfidenceandpeacewithin.(通過接受看似________，你可以在內心找到自信和平靜)”可知，作者領悟到了冒險和走出舒適區(qū)的意義，因此選meant。whatitmeantto…(這意味著什么)。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過接受看似可怕的事情，你可以在內心找到自信和平靜。A.impossible不可能的；B.terrific糟糕的；C.upset不安的；D.scary嚇人的。由上文語境可知，作者最初對滑雪是感到恐懼的，到后來克服恐懼，接受看似可怕的事情。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。StudyingabroadinAmman,Jordan,wasalifechangingexperienceforme.Everydaywas____36____adventurebecauselifetherewas____37____(dramatic)differentfromthatathome.AsyouknowJordanisintheMiddleEast.Thereweresomechallengesandculturalnorms____38____Ihadtoadaptto,andIneededtolearnhowtobehaveinnew____39____(surround)andcooperatewithpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Fortunately,everyoneImettherewasunderstandingandwelcoming.I____40____(apply)throughInternationalStudiesAbroad(ISA),andtheywereincrediblyhelpfulandmadetheprocessmuch____41____(simple).____42____(study)abroadletmeseethingsfromnewanglesandlearnmoreaboutculturesaroundme.Ihopeeveryonegetstheopportunity____43____(pursue)furtherstudiesabroadandtogainunderstanding____44____differentcultures.Ibelievestudyingabroadcanhelpyou_____45_____(strong)yourabilitiesincross-culturalcommunicationandimproveyourgeneralcompetence.【答案】36.an37.dramatically38.that39.surroundings40.applied41.simpler42.Studying43.topursue44.of45.strengthen【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在約旦安曼留學的經歷以及感悟，認為留學能理解不同國家的文化，并加強跨文化交流的能力?！?6題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：每一天都是一次冒險，因為那里的生活和家里的生活大不相同。分析句子可知，adventure為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前面需有限定詞，結合句意，此處首次出現(xiàn)，表示泛指，所以應為不定冠詞，adventure的第一個音節(jié)為元音，所以此處應為不定冠詞an。故填an?！?7題詳析】考查副詞。句意：每一天都是一次冒險，因為那里的生活和家里的生活大不相同。分析句子可知，此處為副詞作狀語修飾形容詞different，dramatic的副詞為dramatically。故填dramatically?！?8題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：我必須適應一些挑戰(zhàn)和文化規(guī)范，我需要學習如何在新的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)，如何與來自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此處為連詞引導的定語從句，從句中缺少賓語，所以應使用關系代詞，先行詞norms指物，由于前面有some修飾先行詞，所以只能填that。故填that?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：我必須適應一些挑戰(zhàn)和文化規(guī)范，我需要學習如何在新的環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)，如何與來自不同文化背景的人合作。分析句子可知，此處為名詞作賓語，surround的名詞為surroundings。故填surroundings?！?0題詳析】考查謂語動詞。句意：我是通過海外國際研究中心(ISA)申請的，他們幫了我很大的忙，讓申請過程簡單了很多。分析句子可知，此處應為謂語動詞，根據(jù)并列句的謂語動詞were可知，此處應為一般過去時態(tài)，且與句子主語之間為主動關系。故填applied?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：我是通過海外國際研究中心(ISA)申請的，他們幫了我很大的忙，讓申請過程簡單了很多。分析句子可知，此處應為形容詞作賓語補足語，根據(jù)空前much修飾形容詞副詞比較級可知，此處應使用形容詞比較級。故填simpler?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：出國留學讓我從新的角度看待事物，更多地了解周圍的文化。分析句子可知，此處應為非謂語動詞作主語，所以此處應使用動名詞形式，結合句意可知，此處表示主動意義，所以使用studying，且位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Studying?！?3題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我希望每個人都有機會出國深造，了解不同的文化。分析句子可知，此處應為非謂語動詞作定語修飾opportunity，根據(jù)固定用法opportunitytodosth.意為“做某事的機會”可知，此處應使用不定式形式，且表示主動意義。故填topursue?！?4題詳析】考查介詞。句意：我相信出國留學可以幫助你加強跨文化交際的能力，提高你的綜合能力。結合句意可知，此處應為gainunderstandingofsth意為“獲得對……的理解”符合句意。故填of?！?5題詳析】考查詞性轉換。句意：我相信出國留學可以幫助你加強跨文化交際的能力，提高你的綜合能力。分析句子可知，此處為helpsb.dosth.意為“幫助某人做某事”，所以此處應為動詞原形，strong的動詞為strengthen，且表示主動意義，strengthenabilities意為“增強能力”。故填strengthen。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假設你是紅星中學李華，本周三你和同學參加了“紅十字急救培訓進校園”活動，請給學校英文報寫一份稿件，介紹此活動。內容包括：1.活動時間，地點。2.活動內容。(