山東省威海市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省威海市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenitcomestofood,youreallycanhavetoomuchofagoodthing.Thesefoodscanbehealthy,butonlywhenyoudon’toverdoit.NutsNutsareanextraordinarysourceofhealthyfats,whichcanbebeneficialformaintainingahealthyheart.Despitethebenefits,nutsaresopercentfatandhighincalories.Addingafewhandfulstoyourdailydiettoreplaceunhealthyfatsisideal,butdonotcattoomuch.CheeseCheese(alongwithmostdairyproducts)isagoodsourceofcalcium(鈣)andprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),whichcanadvancehealthybonedevelopmentandheartstrength.However,eatingtoomuchcheeseisharmfultoyourhealthandactuallycancelsoutanyhealthbenefits.Andremembertoselectvarietiesthatarelowerinsodiumandfat.BottledGreenJuicesAll-naturalgreenjuicesareahealthywaytogetthedailydoses(劑量)offruitandvegetablesthatmostofusforgetabout.However,mostbottledgreenjuicesareextraordinarilyhighinsugar,whichcantakeawaythehealthbenefitsthatnaturalversionspromise.Whenselectingajuice,makesuretokeepaneyeontheamountofsugarineach.1.Whatdonutsandcheesehaveincommon?A.Botharehighincalories. B.Botharegoodforheart.C.Botharehelpfulinweightloss. D.Botharepopularsnacks.2.Whatmightbethemainconcernaboutbottledgreenjuicesaccordingtothetext?A.Theyarenotfresh. B.Theyareexpensive.C.Theyarenotnatural. D.Theyarehighinsugar.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducehealthyfoods. B.Toguidefoodselection.C.Towarnofovereatingrisks. D.Tocomparefoodbenefits.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是關(guān)于食物攝入量的適度原則，即使某些食物本身很健康，過量攝入也會(huì)帶來負(fù)面影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nuts部分“Nutsareanextraordinarysourceofhealthyfats,whichcanbebeneficialformaintainingahealthyheart.(堅(jiān)果是健康脂肪的重要來源，對(duì)保持心臟健康有益。)”和Cheese部分“Cheese(alongwithmostdairyproducts)isagoodsourceofcalcium(鈣)andprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),whichcanadvancehealthybonedevelopmentandheartstrength.(奶酪（以及大多數(shù)乳制品）是鈣和蛋白質(zhì)的良好來源，可以促進(jìn)骨骼健康發(fā)育和心臟力量。)”可知，堅(jiān)果和奶酪的共同之處是兩者都對(duì)心臟有好處。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BottledGreenJuices部分“However,mostbottledgreenjuicesareextraordinarilyhighinsugar,whichcantakeawaythehealthbenefitsthatnaturalversionspromise.(然而，大多數(shù)瓶裝綠色果汁含糖量極高，這可能會(huì)帶走天然果汁所承諾的健康益處。)”可知，瓶裝綠色果汁的主要問題是它們含糖量很高。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Whenitcomestofood,youreallycanhavetoomuchofagoodthing.Thesefoodscanbehealthy,butonlywhenyoudon’toverdoit.(說到食物，你真的可以吃太多好東西。這些食物是健康的，但前提是你不要吃太多。)”可知，本文主要講的是關(guān)于食物攝入量的適度原則，即使某些食物本身很健康，過量攝入也會(huì)帶來負(fù)面影響，因此本文的主要目的是警告吃太多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C。BHithere!MynameisErica.I’vestruggledwithmyweightsinceIwaseightyearsold.Atmypeak,Iweighed320pounds.OvertheyearsItriedeverydietyoucouldthinkof.Itriedpersonaltrainersandfitnesscamps.Theresultwasalwaysthesame—I’dlose30-50pounds;thengainback40pounds.ItriedC25K(Couchto5K)somanytimesbecausemyhusbandenjoyedrunningandItriedtolikeitaswell.Ihateditandcouldn’thelpbutberemindedofmyschooldaysandcollectingpopsicle(冰棒)sticksforeachcircle(Iwasalwayslast).MoretimewentbyandtheonlyactivityIcouldbringmyselftodoinpublicwasZumba.February2017wasagame-changingtimeinmylife.Somethingclickedafteranembarrassingmomentthatinvolvedburpees(立臥撐)infrontofagroupatmykids’schoolevent.ThenextdayIaskedmyhusbandifhewouldjoinmeinfiguringoutmyhealth.(AtthistimeIwas280pounds.)Afterlosing15pounds,IdecidedtogiveC25Konemoreshot(aftermorethanadozenfailedtimes).InJune2017,Iranforfiveminuteswithoutstopping.BytheendofJulyIranmyfirstmile.ReachingthemilewashugeinmyworldbecauseIhadbuiltupamileasifitwereamarathon.ByDecember2017,IcompletedC25Ksuccessfully!AfewmonthslaterIranmyfirstrace,TexasRagnarrelay.Afterthat,Icompletedmyfirsthalfmarathon.IcaughttherunningbugandbyJulyIhitahugemilestone—100poundsdown!Afterthehalfmarathon,myhusbandandIweredeterminedtocontinuerunning.Wekepttrainingfornoeventinparticular.Weneededmoresupportforwhatwewereplanning—afullmarathon.4.WhatmightC25Kbe?A.Afitnesscourse. B.Amarathonevent.C.Aschoolgame. D.Arunningprogram.5.Whatmadetheauthordeterminedtorestartrunning?A.Herhusband’sadvice. B.Herterribleoverallhealth.C.HerZumbaclassexperience. D.Herburpeeembarrassment.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphraseinparagraph3?A.Fellinlovewithrunning. B.Joinedarunningclub.C.Showedagiftforrunning. D.Foundrunningpartners.7.Wherecanthetextberead?A.Alectureforfund-raising. B.Areportfromarunningclub.C.Aforumforrunningstories. D.Aspeechaboutrunningbenefits.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者Erica多年來為減肥嘗試多種方法，經(jīng)歷多次失敗，在一次尷尬事件后重新嘗試跑步，最終成功減重并愛上跑步的故事。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ItriedC25K(Couchto5K)somanytimesbecausemyhusbandenjoyedrunningandItriedtolikeitaswell.Ihateditandcouldn’thelpbutberemindedofmyschooldaysandcollectingpopsicle(冰棒)sticksforeachcircle(Iwasalwayslast).(我多次嘗試C25K(從沙發(fā)到5公里)，因?yàn)槲艺煞蛳矚g跑步，我也試圖喜歡它。我討厭它，不禁想起我的學(xué)生時(shí)代，每跑一圈就收集冰棒棍(我總是最后一名))”和第三段中“ByDecember2017,IcompletedC25Ksuccessfully!(到2017年12月，我成功完成了C25K!)”可知，C25K與跑步相關(guān)，且是一個(gè)有過程、可完成的項(xiàng)目。由此可推斷C25K是一個(gè)跑步計(jì)劃。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“February2017wasagamechangingtimeinmylife.Somethingclickedafteranembarrassingmomentthatinvolvedburpees(立臥撐)infrontofagroupatmykids’schoolevent.ThenextdayIaskedmyhusbandifhewouldjoinmeinfiguringoutmyhealth.(AtthistimeIwas280pounds.)(2017年2月是我生命中改變游戲規(guī)則的時(shí)刻。在孩子們學(xué)校活動(dòng)中，在一群人面前做立臥撐的尷尬時(shí)刻過后，我突然開竅了。第二天，我問我丈夫是否愿意和我一起解決我的健康問題。（這時(shí)我體重280磅）)”可知，是做立臥撐的尷尬經(jīng)歷讓作者決定重新開始跑步。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語所在句“Afterthat,Icompletedmyfirsthalfmarathon.IcaughttherunningbugandbyJulyIhitahugemilestone—100poundsdown!(在那之后，我完成了我的第一個(gè)半程馬拉松。我caughttherunningbug，到7月我達(dá)到了一個(gè)巨大的里程碑——減重100磅!)”以及前文作者成功完成跑步相關(guān)項(xiàng)目，且之后繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持跑步可推知，“caughttherunningbug”意思是愛上了跑步，所以完成了減肥目標(biāo)，與“Fellinlovewithrunning”同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Hithere!MynameisErica.I’vestruggledwithmyweightsinceIwaseightyearsold.Atmypeak,Iweighed320pounds.OvertheyearsItriedeverydietyoucouldthinkof.(大家好!我叫艾麗卡。我從八歲起就一直在與體重作斗爭。在我的巔峰時(shí)期，我重達(dá)320磅。多年來，我嘗試了你能想到的每一種飲食)”和后文內(nèi)容可知，作者講述了自己嘗試各種減肥方法失敗，但在因?yàn)橐淮螌擂谓?jīng)歷后重新開始跑步，并逐步取得進(jìn)步，完成跑步項(xiàng)目，成功減重100磅的故事。整篇文章圍繞個(gè)人減重故事展開。這更適合在一個(gè)分享跑步故事的論壇上呈現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。CIdon’trememberatimeinmylifewhenIdidn’thaveLaura.Ourhousesweredowntheroadfromeachother.Frommyearliestmemory,Iwouldwalkthepathtohers,andshewouldwalkittomine.Ifwetimeditright,we’dmeetsomewhereinthemiddle.Wedidn’thavecellphonesbackthen,andIdon’tremembercallingeachothermuchonthehousephoneseither.We’djustshowup.MostofmychildhoodmemoriesarewithLaura.Wewrotesecretnotesandleftthemintreestorediscoverlaterandwe’dnamefishesatthepond.Occasionallywewoulddisagree,andoneofuswouldwalkhome,butwe’dalwaysshowupagainafewhourslater.Thebeautyofchildhoodfriendships,ofcourse,isthatwearecompletelyourselvesinthem.Ididn’tneedtodressacertainwayforLaura;shedidn’tneedtoagreeoneverything.Ifoneofuswastired,wewouldsayso.Ifoneofusdidn’tfeelliketalkingforawhile,wedidn’t.Itwasallquitesimple.Asadults,friendshipscanbemorecomplicatedthantheywereinchildhood.Wehavetoconsiderhowourwordsandbehaviorsaffectothers.Ifyouareanover-thinkerlikeme,aneveningofsocializingmightendwithaseriesofthoughts:ShouldIhavesaidthat?DidItakethatthewrongway?Whydidn’tIsaythatdifferently?Thosethoughts,althoughnecessaryattimes,canalsobetiring.IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.There’ssomethingmagicalaboutthosechildhoodfriendships.Thereissomethingspecialaboutthemthatisbeyondjustnostalgia(懷舊).Perhapsthatsomethingisthetruthfulnessofit.8.WhatisthekeytoherfriendshipwithLauraaccordingtotheauthor?A.Beingthemselves. B.Agreeingoneverything.C.Sharingsimilarinterests. D.Communicatingregularly.9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadultfriendships?A.Theyarelong-lasting. B.Theycanleadtooverthinking.C.Theyaremorerealistic. D.Theycanbringnewthoughts.10.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Childhoodfriendshipsareworthremembering.B.Beingrealplaysanimportantroleinfriendships.C.Nostalgiaaddstothemagicofchildhoodfriendships.D.Friendshipsareonlymeaningfulwhentheyareperfect.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatwecanlearnfromchildhoodfriendships.B.Friendshipmattersforbothchildrenandadults.C.Howchildhoodfriendshipsdevelopintoadultones.D.Thedifferencesbetweenchildhoodandadultfriendships.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者與勞拉兒時(shí)的友誼，對(duì)比了兒時(shí)和成年后友誼的不同，最后指出應(yīng)從兒時(shí)友誼中學(xué)到友誼的關(guān)鍵是真實(shí)。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thebeautyofchildhoodfriendships,ofcourse,isthatwearecompletelyourselvesinthem.Ididn’tneedtodressacertainwayforLaura;shedidn’tneedtoagreeoneverything.Ifoneofuswastired,wewouldsayso.Ifoneofusdidn’tfeelliketalkingforawhile,wedidn’t.Itwasallquitesimple.(當(dāng)然，童年友誼的美妙之處在于，在其中我們完全做自己。我不需要為了勞拉而以某種特定的方式穿著；她也不需要在所有事情上都達(dá)成一致。如果我們中有一個(gè)人累了，我們就會(huì)直說。如果我們中有一個(gè)人有一陣子不想說話，我們就不說話。一切都很簡單)”可知，作者認(rèn)為與勞拉友誼的關(guān)鍵是做自己。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Asadults,friendshipscanbemorecomplicatedthantheywereinchildhood.Wehavetoconsiderhowourwordsandbehaviorsaffectothers.Ifyouareanover-thinkerlikeme,aneveningofsocializingmightendwithaseriesofthoughts:ShouldIhavesaidthat?DidItakethatthewrongway?Whydidn’tIsaythatdifferently?Thosethoughts,althoughnecessaryattimes,canalsobetiring.(作為成年人，友誼可能比童年時(shí)期更復(fù)雜。我們必須考慮我們的言語和行為如何影響他人。如果你像我一樣是一個(gè)過度思考的人，一個(gè)晚上的社交活動(dòng)可能會(huì)以一系列的想法結(jié)束：我當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)該那樣說嗎？我是不是理解錯(cuò)了？我為什么不換一種方式說呢？這些想法雖然有時(shí)是必要的，但也會(huì)讓人疲憊)”可知，作者認(rèn)為成年人的友誼更復(fù)雜，我們必須考慮我們的言語和行為如何影響他人，所以會(huì)導(dǎo)致過度思考。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.There’ssomethingmagicalaboutthosechildhoodfriendships.Thereissomethingspecialaboutthemthatisbeyondjustnostalgia.Perhapsthatsomethingisthetruthfulnessofit.(如果我退后一步，從與勞拉的友誼中學(xué)習(xí)，我可以提醒自己，友誼不是追求完美，而是追求真實(shí)。那些童年友誼有一種神奇的東西。它們有一些特別之處，不僅僅是懷舊。也許這種特別之處就是它的真實(shí)性)”可知，作者認(rèn)為友誼不是追求完美，而是追求真實(shí)，所以暗示真實(shí)在友誼中起著重要作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合最后一段“IfItakeastepbackandlearnfrommyfriendshipwithLaura,Icanremindmyselfthatfriendshipsarenotaboutbeingperfectbutaboutbeingreal.(如果我退后一步，從與勞拉的友誼中學(xué)習(xí)，我可以提醒自己，友誼不是追求完美，而是追求真實(shí))”可知，本文主要講的是我們可以從童年友誼中學(xué)到的東西。故選A項(xiàng)。DAlonearcticfoxwalksslowlyacrossawhite,treelesstundra,hungryforameal.Shecan’tseeherprey(獵物)thatlivesunderthesnow,butshecanhearit.Shesmellstheground,jumpsseveralfeetstraightintotheair,anddives(潛入)intothesnow,nosefirst.Foramoment,herupside-downbodyisfrozeninmid-air.Thensherightsherself,herpreycaptured.Untilspringarrivesthisarcticfoxwillrelyonmanycold-weatherstrategiestosurviveinthefrozentundra.Foxesaresmart,storingextrafoodunderrocksforlaterorfollowingpolarbearstoeattheleftoversfromtheirkill.Theyarefast,runningupto30milesperhour.Andtheyarecute.Thefox’sbeautifulwhitecoatactsascamouflageinthewinter,whileitsgrayfurmatchesthetundra’srocksandplantsinthesummer.Whenitsleeps,itwrapsitslong,fluffytailarounditsbodylikeablanket(毯子)andanextralayeroffuronitsbroadpawsallowsittowalkquietlyoniceandsnow.Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.Itsthickfuristhebestatkeepingitwarm,maintainingacomfortablebodytemperatureof40℃.Ithasexcellenthearingandasharpsenseofsmellthatcansenseadeadbodyleftbyapolarbearfromasfaras24milesaway.Ingeneral,thearcticfoxisconsideredaspeciesof“l(fā)eastconcern”aroundthecoldestpartsoftheArctic.However,inNorway,Sweden,andFinlanditspopulationisseverelyendangered,numberinglessthan200.Climatechangeisthoughttobethemaincause.Withwarmertemperatures,thereislesssnowcover,sothearcticfox’slight-coloredfurdoesn’thelpitmatchitssurroundingsaswell.Thelargerredfoxisoutcompetingthearcticfox,becauseithasamorevarieddiet;theredfoxcaneathumanwasteitfindsalongmountainroads.Also,insectsthatarenowsurvivingfarthernorthareeatingtheplantsinthetundra,whichaffectsthefox’shabitatandlimitsthenumbersandtypesofanimalstheycancat.12.Whichwordcanbestexplaintheunderlined“camouflage”inparagraph2?A.Hiding. B.Attraction. C.Ablanket. D.Atool.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutArcticfoxes?A.Theirappearance. B.Theircleverness.C.Theirsurvivalchallenges. D.Theiradaptation.14.HowdoestheclimatechangeaffectArcticfoxes’survival?A.Itforcesfoxestoseekfoodinhumanwaste.B.Itincreasescompetitionamongfoxspecies.C.Itcausestheirfurtobecomedarkerincolor.D.Itleadstoinsectstakingoverfoxes’habitats.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArcticFox-KingoftheArctic B.ArcticFox-CutebutofLeastConcernC.ArcticFox-SmallbutPowerful D.ArcticFox-VictimofClimateChange【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北極地區(qū)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的幸存者北極狐?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“whileitsgrayfurmatchesthetundra’srocksandplantsinthesummer.(而在夏天，它的灰色皮毛與苔原上的巖石和植物相匹配。)”可知，北極狐的皮毛與苔原上的巖石和植物相匹配為了隱藏自己，繼而保護(hù)自己。因此冬天的皮毛變成白色即雪一樣的樣色，也是為了隱藏自己。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.Itsthickfuristhebestatkeepingitwarm,maintainingacomfortablebodytemperatureof40℃.Ithasexcellenthearingandasharpsenseofsmellthatcansenseadeadbodyleftbyapolarbearfromasfaras24milesaway.(除了可愛之外，北極狐是一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的幸存者，能夠承受極冷的北極溫度。它厚厚的皮毛最能保暖，保持40℃舒適的體溫。它有極好的聽覺和敏銳的嗅覺，可以在24英里外嗅到北極熊留下的尸體。)”可知本段主要講述北極狐的適應(yīng)性。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,inNorway,Sweden,andFinlanditspopulationisseverelyendangered,numberinglessthan200.Climatechangeisthoughttobethemaincause.Withwarmertemperatures,thereislesssnowcover,sothearcticfox’slight-coloredfurdoesn’thelpitmatchitssurroundingsaswell.Thelargerredfoxisoutcompetingthearcticfox,becauseithasamorevarieddiet;theredfoxcaneathumanwasteitfindsalongmountainroads.(然而，在挪威、瑞典和芬蘭，它的數(shù)量嚴(yán)重瀕危，不到200只。氣候變化被認(rèn)為是主要原因。隨著氣溫升高，積雪減少，所以北極狐的淺色皮毛也不能幫助它與周圍環(huán)境相匹配。體型較大的紅狐比北極狐更有競爭力，因?yàn)樗娘嬍掣鄻踊患t狐可以吃在山路上發(fā)現(xiàn)的人類排泄物。)”可知，氣候變化引起積雪減少，導(dǎo)致北極狐的淺色皮毛不能與周圍環(huán)境相匹配，且紅狐的飲食更加多樣化，加劇了紅狐與北極狐的競爭，由此可知，氣候變化加劇了狐類之間的競爭。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Alonearcticfoxwalksslowlyacrossawhite,treelesstundra,hungryforameal.(一只孤獨(dú)的北極狐慢慢地走過一片白茫茫的苔原，饑腸轆轆。)”，第二段“Foxesaresmart,storingextrafoodunderrocksforlaterorfollowingpolarbearstoeattheleftoversfromtheirkill.(狐貍很聰明，它們會(huì)在巖石下儲(chǔ)存額外的食物以備后用，或者跟著北極熊吃它們捕殺的剩菜。)”，第三段“Cutenessaside,thearcticfoxisahardysurvivor,abletowithstandextremelycoldArctictemperatures.(除了可愛之外，北極狐是一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的幸存者，能夠承受極冷的北極溫度。)”及最后一段“Ingeneral,thearcticfoxisconsideredaspeciesof“l(fā)eastconcern”aroundthecoldestpartsoftheArctic.(般來說，北極狐被認(rèn)為是北極最寒冷地區(qū)“最不受關(guān)注”的物種。)”可知，本文主要講述北極狐這個(gè)北極地區(qū)的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的幸存者，北極狐小巧可愛，但卻能在艱苦的環(huán)境下，在狐類激烈的競爭下存活下來，因此北極狐是小而生命力強(qiáng)的物種。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverheardofthestrangenaturaleventknownasfishfallingfromthesky?___16___Butthisphenomenonhasbeenrecordedinvariouspartsoftheworld,leavingscientistspuzzledbutfascinated.___17___Scientistshaveputforwardseveralguessestoexplainthisstrangephenomenon.Onetheoryisthattornado-likecolumnsofwatermightliftfishoutofwaterbodiesanddropthemontolandduringextremeweatherconditions.Anotherpossibleexplanationinvolvesthebehaviorofmigratorybirds.___18___It’sbelievedthatduringtheirflight,thesebirdsmightaccidentallydroptheircatch,leadingtofishrainingdownwhentheyreachland.Thisbehaviorcouldexplainthefishrainmysteryobservedinsomeareas.Interestingly,localfairytalesalsoplayapartintheexplanationabouttheoriginofrainingfish.___19___Thesestoriesoftencarrysymbolicmeaningsandarepasseddownthroughgenerations,addingtothemysteryofthisfascinatingphenomenon.Themysteryofrainingfishhasfascinatedscientistsandcommunitiesalike.___20___Eachtheoryandexplanationmakesuslearnaboutthecomplexitiesofournaturalworld,leavinguswithmorequestionsthananswers.A.Somebirdsdiveintowatertocatchfish.B.Itmaysoundlikesomethingoutofafantasynovel.C.Thiseventhasbecomeauniqueculturalphenomenon.D.Therainingfishoriginhasbeenthesubjectofmuchcuriosity.E.Insomecultures,fishrainingfromtheskyisseenasasupernaturalevent.F.Picturethis:asyouwalk,fishstartrainingdownfromtheskyoutofnowhere.G.Throughscientificresearchandculturalexplanations,theyhopetouncoveritssecrets.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.E20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是“魚雨”這一奇特自然現(xiàn)象。【16題詳析】空前“Haveyoueverheardofthestrangenaturaleventknownasfishfallingfromthesky?(你聽說過魚從天上掉下來這種奇怪的自然事件嗎？)”描述了魚從天上掉下來這種奇怪的自然事件，空格處應(yīng)該對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，B選項(xiàng)“Itmaysoundlikesomethingoutofafantasynovel.(這聽起來像是奇幻小說里的情節(jié)。)”說明了空前所描述的現(xiàn)象像是小說里的情節(jié)，承接上文，符合語境，故選B。【17題詳析】空后“Scientistshaveputforwardseveralguessestoexplainthisstrangephenomenon.(科學(xué)家們提出了幾種猜測來解釋這一奇怪的現(xiàn)象。)”說明了科學(xué)家對(duì)前面講的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了猜測，這說明他們對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象很好奇，D選項(xiàng)“Therainingfishoriginhasbeenthesubjectofmuchcuriosity.(“魚雨”的起源一直備受好奇。)”說明了這種現(xiàn)象讓人們很好奇，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳析】空后“It’sbelievedthatduringtheirflight,thesebirdsmightaccidentallydroptheircatch,leadingtofishrainingdownwhentheyreachland.(人們認(rèn)為，在飛行過程中，這些鳥可能會(huì)不小心掉下它們的獵物，導(dǎo)致它們到達(dá)陸地時(shí)魚像雨一樣落下。)”說明“魚雨”這種現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)橛械膭?dòng)物在獵食，A選項(xiàng)“Somebirdsdiveintowatertocatchfish.(有些鳥潛入水中捕魚。)”說明了有的動(dòng)物進(jìn)入水里獵食，引起下文，符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳析】空后“Thesestoriesoftencarrysymbolicmeaningsandarepasseddownthroughgenerations,addingtothemysteryofthisfascinatingphenomenon.(這些故事通常具有象征意義，并代代相傳，增加了這一迷人現(xiàn)象的神秘性。)”說明了有的故事是神秘的，E選項(xiàng)“Insomecultures,fishrainingfromtheskyisseenasasupernaturalevent.(在某些文化中，從天而降的魚被視為一種超自然現(xiàn)象。)”說明了魚從天而降在有的文化里被看作是超自然的，是神秘的，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選E。【20題詳析】空后“Eachtheoryandexplanationmakesuslearnaboutthecomplexitiesofournaturalworld,leavinguswithmorequestionsthananswers.(每一種理論和解釋都讓我們了解自然世界的復(fù)雜性，給我們留下的問題比答案更多。)”說明了人們嘗試去解釋這種現(xiàn)象，解開這個(gè)謎，G選項(xiàng)“Throughscientificresearchandculturalexplanations,theyhopetouncoveritssecrets.(通過科學(xué)研究和文化解釋，他們希望揭開它的秘密。)”說明了人們希望解開這個(gè)現(xiàn)象的秘密，引出后文的一些理論和解釋，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共四節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Katiewasanordinarykid.Thatisuntiloneday,asmallschoolgardeningprojectsetheronapaththatwouldchangethousandsoflives.Attheageofnine,shebroughthomeayoungcabbageplantaspartofaschoolgardeningproject.Littledidsheknow,this___21___plantwasabouttogrowintosomethingmuchbigger—notjustinsizebutin___22___.WhenKatietookherplanthome,sheplanteditandgaveitallthe___23___intheworld.Astimepassed,itkeptgrowingandgrowing...andgrowing!Bythetimeitwasfullygrown,itweighedalmost40pounds!Most___24___mighthavebeenamazedattheirgreatvegetableandfinishwork,butnotKatie.Shedecidedtodonate(捐贈(zèng))thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,whereitendedup___25___275people.ThatmomentwaslikeasparkforKatie.Sherealizedthatifonecabbagecouldbringthatmuch___26___,whatcouldawholegardendo?That’swhenKatie’sKropswasborn—anonprofitwithapurposeto___27___otherkidstogrowvegetablegardensanddonatethe___28___tofeedpeopleinneed.Shewantedkidstogrowtheirownvegetablegardenstohelpfight___29___.Shestartedwithherownbackyardgardenandthenturnedtheideaintoanationwideinitiative(倡議).Today,thereareKatie’sKropsgardensacrossthecountry,all___30___bykidswhoareplantingseedsandchanginglives.21.A.weak B.small C.ordinary D.ugly22.A.weight B.challenge C.impact D.wealth23.A.care B.power C.freedom D.support24.A.kids B.experts C.parents D.teachers25.A.saving B.feeding C.changing D.attracting26.A.attention B.service C.good D.fame27.A.teach B.allow C.remind D.encourage28.A.money B.harvest C.fruits D.snacks29.A.waste B.crime C.pollution D.hunger30.A.run B.designed C.selected D.shared【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Katie小時(shí)候體驗(yàn)到了種植和利用種出來的作物幫助別人的樂趣，因此開啟了她的慈善事業(yè)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她一點(diǎn)也不知道，這棵小植物將會(huì)長得更大——不僅在大小上，而且在影響上。A.weak虛弱的；B.small小的；C.ordinary普通的；D.ugly丑的。根據(jù)上文“ayoungcabbage”可知，這是棵小的卷心菜。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她一點(diǎn)也不知道，這棵小植物將會(huì)長得更大——不僅在大小上，而且在影響上。A.weight重量；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.impact影響；D.wealth財(cái)富。根據(jù)下文“Shedecidedtodonate(捐贈(zèng))thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen”和最后一段“Katie’sKropswasborn”可知，這棵卷心菜不僅長大了，而且還有了很大的影響。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Katie把她的植物帶回家時(shí)，她種下了它，并給了它世界上所有的照顧。A.care照顧；B.power力量；C.freedom自由；D.support支持。根據(jù)下文“Astimepassed,itkeptgrowingandgrowing...andgrowing”可知，卷心菜在她的照顧下長大了。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)孩子可能會(huì)對(duì)自己的巨大蔬菜感到驚訝并就此結(jié)束，但凱蒂?zèng)]有。A.kids孩子；B.experts專家；C.parents父母；D.teachers老師。根據(jù)第一段“Katiewasanordinarykid”可知，Katie是個(gè)小孩，此處是指大多數(shù)小孩都會(huì)對(duì)自己種大的蔬菜感到驚訝并就此結(jié)束，但Katie沒有。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定將卷心菜捐贈(zèng)給當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患沂┲嗨?，最終為275人提供了食物。A.saving救；B.feeding喂養(yǎng)，滿足，養(yǎng)活；C.changing改變；D.attracting吸引。根據(jù)上文“alocalsoupkitchen”可知，施粥所給人提供食物。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她意識(shí)到，如果一棵卷心菜能帶來這么多好處，那么一整個(gè)花園又能帶來什么呢？A.attention注意力；B.service服務(wù)；C.good好處；D.fame名聲。根據(jù)上文“donate(捐贈(zèng))thecabbagetoalocalsoupkitchen,whereitendedupfeeding275people”可知，把卷心菜捐給施粥所，能給很多人提供食物，所以卷心菜是帶來了好處。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，Katie的Krops誕生了，這是一個(gè)非營利組織，旨在鼓勵(lì)其他孩子種植蔬菜，并將收獲的蔬菜捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。A.teach教；B.allow允許；C.remind提醒；D.encourage鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)下文“togrowvegetablegardens”可知，這個(gè)組織鼓勵(lì)孩子們種蔬菜。故選D。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，Katie的Krops誕生了，這是一個(gè)非營利組織，旨在鼓勵(lì)其他孩子種植蔬菜，并將收獲的蔬菜捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人。A.money錢；B.harvest成果，收獲；C.fruits水果；D.snacks零食，點(diǎn)心。根據(jù)上文“donate”和下文“tofeedpeopleinneed”可知，這個(gè)組織鼓勵(lì)孩子種蔬菜，然后把收獲的蔬菜捐出來。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她希望孩子們種植自己的菜園，以幫助戰(zhàn)勝饑餓。A.waste垃圾；B.crime罪；C.pollution污染；D.hunger饑餓。根據(jù)上文“feedpeopleinneed”可知，給有需要的人提供食物，也就是戰(zhàn)勝了饑餓。故選D。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，全國各地都有凱蒂的Krops，都是由孩子們經(jīng)營的，他們在播種，改變著生活。A.run經(jīng)營；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.selected挑選；D.shared分享。根據(jù)上文“Shewantedkidstogrowtheirownvegetablegardens”可知，Krops是孩子們經(jīng)營的。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Welcometothewildandwonderfulworldofinternetslang!Wearegoingtodiveintocommonly____31____(use)internetslang(俚語)wordsandabbreviations(縮略詞)thatyou’llencounteracrossvariousonlineplatforms.Getreadytoincreaseyourvocabularyandbecomefluentindigitalcommunication!Whenexploringinternetslang,it’s____32____(possible)toignoresomeofthewordsthathavestoodthetestoftime.Onesuchexampleis“LOL”,____33____standsfor“l(fā)aughoutloud.”Thisabbreviation____34____(become)auniversalexpressionofhumorandamusementinonlineconversations.Anotherwidelypopularabbreviationis“ROFL,”shortfor“rollingonthefloorlaughing.”Itpaintsavividpictureofsomeone____35____(laugh)uncontrollablyontheirlivingroomcarpet.But____36____doesn’tstopthere!Internetslangextendsbeyondsimpleabbreviations.Words____37____“yeet”or“l(fā)it”areoftenthrownaroundwithenthusiasm.Whiletheirexactmeaningsmayvarydependingoncontextandusage,theygenerallyexpress____38____(excite)orapprovalwithinonlinecommunities.Abbreviationssuchas“OMG”(ohmygod)or“TBH”____39____(be)honesthaveperfectlyintegrated(融入)themselvesintoeverydayconversationsbothonlineandoffline.Theyprovideconvenientshorthand(速記)forexpressingreactionsoropinions____40____(brief)—perfectforourfast-paceddigitalworld.Internetslangisconstantlydevelopingasnewwordsappearwhileothersdisappear.However,familiarizingyourselfwiththesepopularinternetwordswillhelpyoutravelonlinewithease.【答案】31.used32.impossible33.which34.hasbecome35.laughing36.it37.like38.excitement39.tobe40.briefly【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述一些流行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語單詞和縮寫?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們將分為常用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語和縮寫，你會(huì)在各種網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)上遇到。此處需要使用非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾名詞slang，slang與use是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此需要使用非謂語動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式，作前置定語。故填used?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：在探索網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語時(shí)，不可能忽略一些經(jīng)受住時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的單詞。此處需要使用形容詞作表語，根據(jù)下文“thathavestoodthetestoftime.(經(jīng)受住時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)的單詞)”可知，這些詞匯會(huì)一直在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上存在，因此是“不可能忽視的”。“possible”的反義詞是“impossible”意為“不可能的”。故填impossible?！?3題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：一個(gè)這樣的例子是“LOL”，它代表“大聲笑”。此處需要使用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是LOL在從句中作主語，指物，因此需要使用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which?！?4題詳析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：這個(gè)縮寫已經(jīng)成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)話中幽默和娛樂的通用表達(dá)。此處需要使用動(dòng)詞作謂語，主語Thisabbreviation為單數(shù)，結(jié)合句意可知，謂語在此處表述動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，因此需使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填hasbecome。【35題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它生動(dòng)地描繪了一個(gè)人在客廳地毯上無法控制地大笑的畫面。此處需要使用非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語，修飾名詞someone，someone與laugh是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，因此需要使用非謂語動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填laughing?！?6題詳析】考查代詞。句意：但它并不止于此！網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語不僅僅是簡單的縮寫。此處需要使用名詞作主語，結(jié)合句意殼子，此處指“這件事”，因此需要使用人人稱代詞it。故填it?！?7題詳析】考查介詞。句意：像“yeet”或“l(fā)it”這樣的詞經(jīng)常被熱情地拋出。此處需要使用介詞連接后面的名詞“yeet”or“l(fā)it”，且此處““yeet”or“l(fā)it””是列舉的兩個(gè)例子，因此需使用介詞“l(fā)ike”意為“像”來表示列舉。故填like?！?8題詳析】考查名詞。句意：雖然它們的確切含義可能因上下文和用法而異，但它們通常在在線社區(qū)中表達(dá)興奮或認(rèn)可。此處需要使用名詞作express的表語，與approval通過or構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，“excite”其名詞形式為“excitement”意為“興奮”。故填excitement。【39題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：諸如“OMG”（哦，我的上帝）或“TBH”（說實(shí)話）這樣的縮寫已經(jīng)完美地融入了日常的線上和線下對(duì)話中。此處需要使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成固定短語“tobehonest”意為“說實(shí)話”。故填tobe?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：它們?yōu)楹喍痰乇磉_(dá)反應(yīng)或觀點(diǎn)提供了方便的速記——非常適合我們快節(jié)奏的數(shù)字世界。此處需要使用副詞作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞expressing?！癰rief”副詞形式為“briefly”意為“簡短地”。故填briefly。第三節(jié)單詞拼寫（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母將單詞的完整形式寫在答題卡上。41.Eachposthasreceivedmanylikesandc______(評(píng)論).(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】comments【詳析】考查名詞。句意：每篇帖子都收到了很多贊和評(píng)論。由首字母提示c可知，“評(píng)論”是comment，由manylikesand可知，空格處用復(fù)數(shù)，故填comments。42.Shesentar______(請(qǐng)求)forinformationaboutthecourses.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】request【詳析】考查名詞。句意：她發(fā)了一封索取課程信息的信。根據(jù)漢語提示和首字母r以及空格前的senta可知，空格處應(yīng)該用單數(shù)名詞request作賓語。故填request。43.Theyusedlotsofchemicalstokilltheinsects,d______(破壞)theenvironment.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】destroying/damaging【詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們使用了大量的化學(xué)藥品來殺死昆蟲，破壞了環(huán)境。由首字母提示d可知，“破壞”是destroy/damage，句中謂語是used，空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表結(jié)果，故填destroying/damaging。44.After-schoolactivitiesalsoplayapartwhenastudenta______(申請(qǐng))tocolle