2024年中國(guó)航天航空偉大新成就-中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文熱點(diǎn)專練（原卷版）

142024年中國(guó)航天航空偉大新成就

一、朱雀三號(hào):

1.2024年1月19日朱雀三號(hào)可重復(fù)使用火箭垂直返回技術(shù)完成

首次飛行試驗(yàn)。

2.2024年9月11日朱雀三號(hào)完成10公里級(jí)垂直起降返回飛行

試驗(yàn)。

3.2025年朱雀三號(hào)計(jì)劃首飛。2026年實(shí)現(xiàn)一子級(jí)回收復(fù)用。

二、神舟系列

十九號(hào)：

2024年10月30日搭載神舟十九號(hào)載人飛船的長(zhǎng)征二號(hào)F遙十

九運(yùn)載火箭成功發(fā)射。

一、閱讀理解

A

DoyouknowZhuque-3testrocket（火箭）？OnWednesday,itgoesstraightupanddownfor

10km.ItisabigstepinChina'scommercialspaceindustry（商業(yè)航天領(lǐng)域）.

Inreusing（重復(fù)使用）rockets,Chinahasalongwaytogo.However,theZhuque-3test

showsitsteamcanreuserocketsandcanalsosavealotofmoney.TheZhuque-3rockefsmakeris

LandSpace,acommercialmakerinChina.ThetestmeansLandSpacecanmakemorerocketsand

thenChina'scommercialspaceindustrycansendmorerocketsintospaceinthefuture.Italsotells

usitstechnology（技術(shù)）workswellandtherocketsarereadyforlaterlongflyinginthefuture.

Itcanbeeasyforpeopletogotospace,justliketakingaplanetodifferentplacestoday.

AndChinesepeoplecouldbeamongthefirsttomakethatdreamcometrue.

1.WhendoesZhuque-3goupanddown?

A.OnaMonday.B.OnaTuesday.C.OnaWednesday.

2.WhatdoestheZhuque-3testshow?

①Zhuque-3teamcansavealotoftime.②Zhuque-3teamcansavealotofmoney.③

Zhuque-3teamcanreuserockets.

A.①②B.②③C.①③

3.WhatisNOTmentionedaboutthefutureofChina'scommercialspaceindustry?

A.Zhuque-3?slongflyingtimeinthefuture.

B.Morerocketscanbesentintospace.

C.LandSpacecanmakemorerockets.

4.Whatdothewords"thatdream^^referto（指代）？

A.Togotospace.B.Totakeaplane.C.Toreuserockets.

B

Whatgreatnews!OnOctober30,2024,Chinasuccessfullylaunched（發(fā)射）the

Shenzhou-19spaceship.Therearethreegreatastronautsinit:CaiXuze,SongLingdongandWang

Haoze.CaiXuze,thegroupleader,hasspaceflightexperiencebefore.SongLingdongandWang

Haoze,thepost-90sastronauts,areontheirfirstspacetrips.Wangiseventhefirstwoman

spaceflightengineer（工程師）inChina.

TheastronautsenteredtheTiangongspacestationandmettheastronautteamof

Shenzhou-18lastWednesday.Theylivedandworkedtogethertofinishsometasks.The

newcomerswillstayinthespacestationfor6months.Therearequiteafewimportantthingstodo.

Theywilldodifferentexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)），suchasspacelifescienceandspacemedicine.Then

theyneedtohavespacewalkstoputonnewspecialdevices（裝置）forthethespaceshipandplan

togivespaceclassestoyoungstudentsfromallovertheworld.

ThesuccessoftheShenzhou-19missionshowsChinaisdoingbetterinspacetechnology.

Andbehindthesuccess,itisthehardworkofChineseastronautsandscientists.Theyshowusthat

nothingistoofarifwekeepreachingforit.

5.WhoisthegroupleaderofShenzhou-19?

A.CaiXuze.B.SongLingdong.C.WangHaoze.

6.WhichtaskisNOTmentioned（提及）inthetext?

A.Doingexperiments.B.Givingsomespacegifts.C.Putingonnewspecial

devices.

7.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.WangHaozeisthefirstwomanintothespace.B.Chinaisbetteratspace

technology.C.AstronautswillonlygivespaceclassestoChinesestudents.

8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thelifeoftheastronautsinthespacestation.

B.ThespaceshipShenzhou-19.

C.TheastronautsandtasksofShenzhou-19.

C

BEIJING,May28,2024（XinhuaNews）—TheShenzhou-18crew（全體工作人員）

completedthefirstspacewalkoftheirmission（任務(wù)）at6:58p.m.（BeijingTime）onTuesday,

accordingtotheCMSA（中國(guó)載人航天局）.

ThetwomembersoftheShenzhou-18,YeGuangfuandLiGuangsu,startedtheirspacewalk.

TheyworkedoutsidetheTiangongspacestationfornearly8.5hours.Withthehelpofspace

equipment（設(shè)備）andateamonEarth,theysuccessfullycompletedmanytasksduringtheir

spacewalk,includingsomedifficultfixingtasks.NowtheyhavereturnedtotheWentianlab

module（實(shí)驗(yàn)艙）.Thethirdcrewmember,LiCong,stayedinsideTiangongtoprovidesupport.

TheShenzhou-18crewhassetanewrecordforthelongestsinglespacewalkbyChinese

astronauts.

ThismarkedYe'ssecondtimetohaveaspacewalk,andhisfirstspacewalkwasinthe

Shenzhou-13mission,butthisisthefirsttimeforLiGuangsutostartaspacewalk.

Themissionwillincludemanytasks.Firstofall,thethreememberswilldoaseriesof

spacescienceexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)）andmanynecessarytests.Andthen,theywillcarryoutmore

activitiesanddosomefixingworkoutsidethespacestation.Thethreeastronautswillworkon

boardTiangonguntillateOctober,accordingtotheCMSA.

Sofar,Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullycarriedout15spacewalksinall.OnSeptember

27,2008,astronautZhaiZhiganginShenzhou-7missionmadehistoryasChina'sfirstpersonto

takeaspacewalk,whichlastedabout19minutes.

TheShenzhou-15crewhasachievedamilestone（里程碑）byhaving4spacewalks,

markingthehighestnumberofspacewalksbyasingleChineseastronautcrew.

TheShenzhou-17memberscompleted,forthefirsttime,therepairworktokeepthe

equipmentingoodconditionduringtheirsecondspacewalk,whichlastedabout8hours.

9.Whatisthenewsmainlyabout?

A.LiCongprovidedsupportinsidethespacestation.

B.TheShenzhou-17crewstartedtocarryoutnewtasks.

C.TheShenzhou-18crewcompletedthefirstspacewalk.

D.YeGuangfuworkedoutsidethespacestationfor8.5hours.

10.WhatisthenewrecordsetbytheShenzhou-18crew?

A.Thelongestsinglespacewalk.B.Themostdifficultfixingtasks.

C.Themostsuccessfulexperiments.D.Thehighestnumberofspacewalks.

11.Whatwillthethreemembersdointheirmissionaccordingtothepassage?

A.Plantingsomefruits.B.Givinglessonstostudents.

C.Receivingeducation.D.Doingmanynecessarytests.

12.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelast3paragraphs?

A.TheShenzhou-17crewhascompleted4spacewalksinall.

B.ChinahasmadegreatachievementsinSpaceTechnologysofar.

C.ZhaiZhigangmadehistorybytakingaspacewalkfor190minutes.

D.TheShenzhou-15crewcompletedtherepairworkforthefirsttime.

D

ThreeChineseastronautsreturnedtoEarthtoday（April30,2024）aftersixmonthsinspace.

TheShenzhou-17spaceshiplandedintheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegiontodayat

5:46pmBeijingtime,aboutninehoursafterleavingChina'sTiangongspacestation.

AllthreeShenzhou-17members-TangHongbo,TangShengjieandJiangXinlin一are

healthyandsafe,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.

ItwassentintospaceonOctober25andarrivedatTiangongabout6.5hourslater.Itwas

China?ssixthmanned（載人的）visittoTiangong.

TheShenzhou-17crew（乘組）wastheyoungestcrewevertovisitTiangong:TangHongbo

was48,TangShengjiewas34andJiangXinlinwas35.However,thatrecordwasjustbrokenby

theastronautsoftheShenzhou-18:YeGuangfu,LiGuangsuandLiCongwerejust43,36and34

yearsold.

TheShenzhou-17crewdidalotofscientificexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)）duringthesixmonths.

Theyperformedtwospacewalks-oneinDecember,2023andtheotherinMarch,2024.On

February9,2024,theastronautsspeciallyrecordedavideotosendNewYear'sgreetingsto

everyoneonthespacestation.OnApril25,theywelcomedthecrewofShenzhou-18toTiangong

spacestation.Fivedayslater,Shenzhou-17mannedspaceshipreturnedandlandedsuccessfully.

Thecrewmemberswereingoodphysicalcondition.Thismannedflightwasacompletesuccess!

13.WhoisaShenzhou-17member?

A.LiCong.B.YeGuangfu.

C.LiGuangsu.D.TangShengjie.

14.WhendidtheShenzhou-17crewperformthesecondspacewalk?

A.InOctober,2023.B.InDecember,2023.

C.InMarch,2024.D.InApril,2024.

15.Whatismostprobablythistext?

A.Aletter.B.Anewsreport.

C.Atravelguide.D.Anadvertisement.

16.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.Shenzhou-18WasSentintoSpace

B.TheDevelopmentofTiangongSpaceStation

C.Shenzhou-17ReturnedtoEarthSuccessfully

D.TiangongSpaceStationWelcomedNewComers

E

ALongMarch5rockettookofffromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchSiteinHainanprovince

onMay3,2024.Afterflyingforabout37minutes,itsuccessfullyplacedtheChang5e6robotic

lunarprobe（月球探測(cè)器）intoanEarth-moontransfertrajectory（轉(zhuǎn)移軌道）.Severaldayslater

theprobewasprogrammedtolandonthemoon'sfarsideandstarteditstasks,whichwouldlast

about53days.

Thisistheworld'sfirsttrytobringsamples（樣本）fromthemoon'sfarside.ForChina,ifs

thesecondsample-returnmoonjourney.Chang?e5successfullybroughtsamplesfromthemoon

inthewinterof2020.Uptonow,10moonsample-returntaskshavebeencarriedoutbythe

UnitedStates,theformerSovietUnion（前蘇聯(lián)）andChina,butallthesesampleswerecollected

fromthemoon'snearside.

Themoon'sfarsidehasalwaysbeenasubjectofscientificwonderbecauseofitsmany

mysteries.It'sfacingawayfromEarthanditcanneverbeseenfromEarth.Itwasoncecalledthe

“darksideofthemoon^^eventhoughitreceivesjustasmuchsunlightasthenearside.

Chineseresearchershavefoundthatthesoilonthefarsideismuchthickerthanthatonthe

nearside,buttheyhaven'tfoundoutthereason.SamplesbroughtbackbyChang'e5havehelped

scientistsfindthattherewerevolcanic（火山的）activitiesonthenearsidearound2billionyears

ago.Somescientiststhoughtmaybevolcanoesbecameinactiveonthefarsideabout4billion

yearsago.Isittrue?Samplesfromthefarsidewillallowthemtoknowtheanswer.

""Comparingthemake-upofthefarsidesamplesfromChang'e6withthosecollectedfrom

thenearsidewillbeofgreatscientificvaluetotheinternationalcommunity,9,saidMartin

Sweeting,afamousprofessorofspaceengineering.

17.WhendidChang?e6begintoworkonthemoon?

A.OnMay3,2024.B.Afterflyingforabout37minutes.

C.Inthewinterof2020.D.Afterlandingonthemoon'sfarside.

18.HowmanytimeshasChinagotsamplesfromthemoon'snearside?

A.Once.B.Twice.C.Fivetimes.D.Tentimes.

19.Accordingtothepassage,themoon'sfarside.

A.receiveslesssunlightthanthenearside

B.hasthickersoilcomparedwiththenearside

C.canbeseenfromEarthwithpowerfulcameras

D,hasmorerecentvolcanicactivitiesthanthenearside

20.WhatcanwelearnfromMartinSweeting'swords?

A.Chang?e6willstaylongeronthemoonformoretasks.

B.Chang9e6iscarryingoutavaluabletaskfortheworld.

C.Chang'e6willbringsamplesfrombothsidesofthemoon.

D.Chang'e6cancomparesamplesbeforebringingthemback.

F

Accordingtothecountry'sspaceexperts,Chinaisdevelopinganewcarrierrocketand

mannedspacecraftnow.

ThenewcarrierrocketiscalledLongMarch-10.Itismainlydevelopedtoachievethegoal

tolandastronautsonthemoonby2030,saidRongYi,arocketexpert.

TheLongMarch-10usesliquidhydrogen,liquidoxygenandkerosene（煤油）as

propellants（推進(jìn)齊！J）.Ithasatotallengthofabout92meters,atakeoffweightofabout2,187

tonnes（公噸），atakeoffthrust（ofabout2,678tonnes,andacarryingcapacityofnolessthan27

tonnesfortheEarth-moontransferorbit（轉(zhuǎn)換軌道）.

TheLongMarch-10isexpectedtoprepareforitsfirstflightin2027,saidRonginarecent

interview.Ofcourse,thenewrocketcanalsosendastronautsandcargo（貨物）tothespace

station.

ThenewmannedspacecraftisalsoasupportforChinatolandastronautsonthemoonby

2030.Itcanmeettheneedsofnear-Earthanddeepspacemissions（任務(wù)）.

Accordingtoanexpert,thespacecraftcancarrythreeastronauts.Itismainlyusedtosend

astronautstoorbitaroundthemoonandreturntoEarth.

Unlikethethree-moduleShenzhouspacecraft,thenewspacecrafthastwoparts.Oneisthe

returncapsule（艙），whichisthecommandcenteroftheWholespacecraftandthelivingquarters

fortheastronauts.Theotheristheservicemodule,whichistheenergyandpowercenter.The

structuremakesthespaceshiphavemorereusableparts.

21.Whafsthepurposeofdevelopingthenewcarrierrocket?

A.ToexploretheMars.B.Toprepareformoonlanding.

C.Tofinishasecretspacemission.D.Tosendcargotothespacestation.

22.Howmuchdoesthenewrocketweighwhenitbeginstotakeoff?

A.About92tonnes.B.About2,187tonnes.

C.About2,678tonnes.D.Nolessthan27tonnes.

23.Howmanystructuresdoesthenewspaceshiphave?

A.Two-modules.B.Three-modules.C.four-modules.D.five-modules.

二、完形填空

OnApril25,2024,China'sShenzhou-18spaceshipflewtospace.Amongthethree

astronauts,anewfacecaughtlotsof24.HeisLiCong.

Liwas25inavillageofHebeiProvincein1989.Hedidn'texpecttobecomean

astronautasachild.26,heusedtodreamofbeingasinger.Whenhewasinmiddle

school,hewas27inschoolactivities.Heespeciallylovedthoseaboutscience.

Li'sinterestinaerospace（航空航天）28in2003.Thatyear,Shenzhou-5was

successfullysentintospaceandYangLiweibecamethefirstpersonofChina'sspacetravel.Under

Yang's29,Lihadthedreamofflyingtospaceforthefirsttime.

Afterhighschool,LiwenttostudyinChina'sAviationUniversityofAirForce.Hewas

really30andspentmostofhistimestudying.

Afterleavinguniversity,Libecameafighterpilot.Atfirst,hemetwithlotsofdifficulties,

buthewasbraveenoughto31them.Afteryearsofhardtraining,hefinallybecamea（n）

32pilot.InSeptember2020,hewaschosentobeanastronaut.Now,LiConghasrealizedhis

spacedreamandbecomethe33ofthewholecountry.

24.A.timeB.memoryC.attention

25.A.bornB.knownC.discovered

26.A.InsteadB.PerhapsC.Finally

27.A.lazyB.activeC.quiet

28.A.failedB.startedC.increased

29.A.protectionB.guidanceC.influence

30.A.warm-heartedB.self-centeredC.hard-working

31.A.thinkaboutB.dealwithC.countdown

32.A.localB.normalC.excellent

33.A.riddleB.prideC.guard

三、語(yǔ)法選擇

OnApril25th,theShenzhouXVIIIspaceshipwassentintospacebyLongMarch2Frocket

at8:59pminJiuquan.AlthoughtheAprilis34monthwithstrongwindsandsandstorms,

thelaunch（發(fā)射）was35withcarefulplanningandpreparation.

Therearethreebraveastronauts36thespaceship:YeGuangfu,LiCongandLi

Guangsu.TheywillspendsixmonthslivinginthespaceshipbeforetheyreturntotheEarth

37Theyhavemorethan90excitingexperiments（實(shí)驗(yàn)）todointhespaceship.Theywilluse

specialroom38lifescience,medicine,technology.Theywillevenstudy39to

raisefishinspace.40greatstudyitis!Thiswillhelp41knowhowplantsfitto

gravity(重力)inspaceandprovidesupportforgrowingplantsinspace.

YangLiwei,thefirstastronautinChina,42,"It'ssuchapleasuretoseetheyoung

astronautscannowcarryouttheseimportant43.I'mveryproudofthem.F